Tips for organizing ventilation in a sauna. Protecting and insulating the walls of the bathhouse from the heat of the stove - rules for installing protective screens and casings Do-it-yourself fencing of the stove in the bathhouse

During the heating of the bath, the surface of the stove heats up to 300-400°C. At the same time, it begins to emit infrared rays and itself becomes a source of heating. The coming heat is distributed throughout the steam room, but first of all it hits the walls adjacent to the stove. If the walls are wooden, then under the influence of high temperatures their charring begins. And there it’s already a stone’s throw away! The only one for real effective method isolation wooden walls from heat - creating protective screens and casings from non-combustible materials in the bathhouse.

When is protection needed at all?

The need to install protective casings and screens does not always arise. If a fire-safe distance is maintained between the stove and the nearest flammable surface, additional protection is not needed. At this distance, the IR rays are scattered, weakened, and the amount of them that the wooden wall receives can no longer lead to damage.

It is believed that the safe distance from the wall to brick oven(quarter brick laying) is at least 0.32 m, from the wall to (not lined) - at least 1 m. For a metal stove lined from the inside with brick or fireclay, the distance is reduced to 0.7 m.

Thus, maintaining fire safety distances is more possible in large baths, where the issue of saving space is not relevant. In family steam rooms, where every centimeter of space counts, installing a stove 0.3-1 m from the nearest walls is impractical. In this case, established by standards safe distances must be reduced using screens and casings.

Protective screens near (around) the stove

Protective screens are insulation shields that cover the side surfaces of the furnace and reduce the intensity thermal radiation. Screens can be metal or brick. As a rule, they are used for metal furnaces.

Method #1 - metal screens

The most common protective screens are factory-made steel or cast iron sheets. They are installed around the stove, at a distance of 1-5 cm from the walls of the firebox. Depending on the need to insulate one side or another of the furnace, you can purchase side or front (front) screens. Many metal furnaces are initially manufactured with protective screens in the form of a protective casing.

Protective screens make it possible to reduce the temperature of external metal surfaces to 80-100°C and, accordingly, reduce the fireproof distance to 50 cm. The total distance from the firebox to the wall (including a gap of 1-5 cm) will be 51-55 cm.

Installing protective screens is not difficult. Thanks to the presence of legs, metal panels are easily bolted to the floor.

Method #2 - brick screens

A brick screen can cover all the side surfaces of a metal furnace, representing its outer cladding. Then the oven will be in a casing made of brickwork. In another case, a brick screen is a wall separating the stove and the flammable surface.

To lay the protective screen, solid fireclay bricks are used. The binder is cement or clay mortar. It is recommended to use half a brick (thickness 120 mm). But, if there is a lack of material, it is possible to make a wall of a quarter of a brick (60 mm thick), although in this case the thermal insulation properties of the screen will be reduced by half.

Small openings (sometimes with fire doors) are left at the bottom of the shield for air convection between brick wall and a stove.

The brick walls of the screen must end at least 20 cm above the top surface of the oven. Sometimes the masonry goes all the way to the ceiling.

The brick screen is not installed flush against the walls of the stove, the optimal distance is 5-15 cm. The acceptable distance from the brickwork to the flammable wall is 5-15 cm. Thus, the use of a brick screen allows you to reduce the distance from the stove to the wooden wall to 22-42 cm (stove - ventilation gap 5-15 cm - brick 12 cm - ventilation gap 5-15 cm - wall).

Protective non-combustible wall coverings

Walls adjacent to the hot furnace walls are susceptible to spontaneous combustion. To prevent their overheating, special casings consisting of heat-insulating and non-combustible materials are used.

Option #1 - reflective trim

Sheathing consisting of a combination of non-combustible insulation and metal sheets is effective. In this case, thermal insulation is attached to the wooden surface, which is covered with a sheet on top of stainless steel. Some use galvanizing for these purposes, but, according to some data, when heated it can emit harmful substances. It’s better not to risk it and buy a stainless steel sheet.

For greater efficiency, the metal sheet of the screen must be well polished. The mirror surface helps to reflect heat rays from the wooden surface and, accordingly, prevents its heating. In addition, a stainless steel sheet, directing IR rays back into the steam room, transforms hard radiation into softer radiation, better perceived by humans.

The following can be fixed under stainless steel as thermal insulation:

• Basalt wool - it has high thermal insulation properties, absolutely safe when used in a bath. It has increased hygroscopicity and does not burn.
• Basalt cardboard – thin sheets basalt fiber. Used as a fireproof, sound and heat insulating material.
• Asbestos cardboard is a sheet fire-resistant heat insulator. It has high strength and durability, protects flammable surfaces from ignition.
• Minerite is a non-flammable sheet (plate) specially manufactured for shielding stoves, fireplaces, and easily flammable surfaces in baths and saunas.

A popular example of cladding using metal sheet there is such a “pie”: wall – ventilation gap (2-3 cm) – insulation (1-2 cm) – stainless steel sheet. The distance from the wooden wall to the stove is at least 38 cm (SNiP 41-01-2003).

Ceramic bushings are used to attach the sheathing to the wall. They do not heat up and allow you to form ventilation gaps between the insulation and the wall.

If the distance between wooden wall and the stove is minimal, then the cladding is made of two layers of fire-resistant insulation, for example, mineralite. In this case, the sheets are fixed through ceramic bushings, maintaining a gap of 2-3 cm. The top sheet is covered with stainless steel.

Option #2 - sheathing with cladding

Of course, protective cladding with stainless steel perfectly protects wooden walls from heat and fire. But it can spoil the impression of the most expensive finish. Therefore, if the steam room is maintained in decorative style, the fire-resistant cladding is masked with heat-resistant tiles. The tiles are laid on heat-resistant adhesive, for example, produced by Terracotta.

The best materials for cladding walls near the stove:

• Terracotta tiles are made from baked clay. It is characterized by strength, heat resistance, durability. Terracotta tiles can be matte or glazed (majolica), and the color varies from pastel yellow to brick red.
• Clinker tiles - also made of clay, similar in appearance to facing brick. Unlike terracotta, clinker tiles more dense. The color range covers almost all colors, ranging from white to black, including green and blue tones, unusual for clay.
• Tiles are a type of ceramic tile. Usually has on front surface embossing in the form of a design, ornament.
• Porcelain tiles are heat-resistant, durable tiles. Depending on the method of processing the front surface, tiles can imitate natural stone, brick, or wood. The color range includes all natural shades, from white to black.
• Soapstone is a rock of grayish or greenish color. It is fireproof, waterproof and durable.

Attaching fire-resistant tiles directly to walls will not have any thermal insulation effect. The wall will still heat up, which can lead to spontaneous combustion. Therefore, tiles are used only as an element of a protective “pie” of the following design: wall – ventilation gap (2-3 cm) – fire-resistant sheet material – tiles. It is recommended to maintain a minimum distance of 15-20 cm from the tiles to the walls of the oven.

Any material from this list can be used as a fire-resistant element in the cladding:

• Fire-resistant drywall (GKLO) is drywall supplemented with fiberglass fibers. Resists thermal effects without structural deformation.
• Minerite is a cement-fiber board, absolutely non-flammable. Minerite slabs are moisture resistant, do not rot, and do not decompose.
• Glass-magnesium sheet (FMS) is a material in the form of plates made on the basis of magnesium binder and fiberglass. It has heat and sound insulating properties and is not destroyed by water and temperature changes.

The protective cladding, which must comply with the ventilation gap, has a very low heat absorption coefficient, so the wall underneath it practically does not heat up. In addition, the use of cladding allows you to disguise the protective “pie” and maintain the finishing of the steam room in the same style.

The bathhouse has always been for Russians, where a person relaxes, as they say, “cleanses the spirit and body”, receives a charge of vigor and health for the whole future working week. But in order for a bathhouse to live up to the expectations placed on it, it needs a good one. It doesn’t matter whether this heating unit is purchased ready-made or built with your own hands - the main thing is that it is able to create the necessary specific atmosphere in the premises and is as safe as possible in operation.

There are two the main methods of installing this heating device:

Placing the entire structure in the steam room.

Each of the proposed options has its own positive and negative sides, but it is advisable to decide on the choice of installation method at the stage of building the bathhouse. If you plan to move the furnace firebox to an adjacent room, then when constructing a dividing wall between the steam room and the dressing room, an opening is immediately installed in it. However, if it is decided to carry out reconstruction already finished bath, then it is quite acceptable to cut out the necessary window in the wall for removal combustion door stoves in the dressing room.

How to choose an electric sauna stove?

When choosing a stove for a sauna, firstly, you need to decide on the power of the stove (1 kW per 1 m3 of sauna). Secondly, you need to decide whether you need a stove with a steam generator or a stove without a steam generator. The stove with a steam generator can operate in two modes - Russian bath mode (humidity 60% and temperature up to 80C) and classic Finnish sauna mode (low humidity and temperature up to 110C). It is also worth deciding which method of controlling the furnace is preferable for you - a furnace with a remote control panel or a furnace with control on the electric furnace body itself. Next, you should decide on the equipment manufacturer, choose a stove with the design and price you like, and place an order. We work with such stove manufacturers as Harvia (Finnish electric sauna stoves), TYLO (Swedish electric sauna stoves), EOS (German electric sauna stoves).

Nowadays it is fashionable to install glass doors in the sauna. Doesn't this affect heat loss?

Glass has good thermal conductivity, so additional heat loss through the glass sauna door is inevitable. When choosing the power of a sauna heater, one is guided by its volume and the “Volume-power” table, according to which the stove is selected. The table is compiled assuming good thermal insulation of the walls and ceiling of the heated room (approximate thermal insulation diagram: 12/15 mm lining - air gap 20 mm - aluminum foil - insulation (50 mm - walls, 100 mm - ceiling). Each square meter of surface without thermal insulation (brick or stone wall, glass door, etc.) serves as a source of heat loss, equivalent to an increase in the volume of the sauna by 1.2-1.5 m3. Thus, a glass door of a standard size of 70*190 cm requires an increase in the power of the stove, equivalent to an increase in the volume of the sauna by 1.6-2 m3.

Why can’t you put any stones in the heater?

Stones taken anywhere can contain and release substances harmful to health (asbestos, sulfur, radionuclides, etc.) when heated. In addition, when some rocks are heated, explosive destruction can occur, which can damage the heater, frighten or even cripple a person. Nowadays, many sauna connoisseurs in Russia and abroad, for a number of properties (ecological cleanliness, high heat capacity, etc.), consider the best stones made from jadeite, a mineral similar to jade, but having a different composition. Jadeite is a silicate of sodium and aluminum and is harder than jade. It has the same shades, but is less common.

Is it necessary to install forced ventilation in a bathhouse or sauna?

The most authoritative experts on saunas - the Finns - believe that maximum effect from using the sauna is achieved if its ventilation ensures that the sauna air is replaced six times with fresh air within an hour. This intensity of air exchange can be achieved using both forced and, in some cases, natural ventilation(due to the specific location of the supply and exhaust openings in the sauna). The method of organizing ventilation in each sauna is determined by specific conditions.

I want to build a sauna with a wood-burning stove in the basement. How is the chimney made in this case?

The basic techniques for constructing a chimney for a wood-burning stove in a bathhouse or sauna installed in the basement do not differ from those for a stove installed, for example, on the ground floor of a building. When placing a bathhouse in the basement, there are features related to the organization of ventilation, but this is a separate topic for discussion.

Trying to create an aroma, he sprayed oil on the walls of the bathhouse. Now the smell doesn't go away. How to deal with this?

Wood, especially when heated, absorbs oil very well, which can penetrate through the pores into the wood. This is well known to carpenters, almost all of whom are faced with the problem of removing oil stains from the surface of wood. Of the environmentally friendly methods, we can offer only one - mechanical. If oil stains have small area, are clearly localized, and the wood is dense and has no cracks, then you can try to remove the oil-soaked layer of wood using a scraper (the appearance of the cladding will naturally suffer). In any other case, only replacing the casing or part of it will help.

At what height is it best to install shelves?

When the average steamer sits on a shelf, the distance from the level of the shelf to the top of the head is about 90 cm. To make a person feel comfortable, the top shelf is placed 110 cm below the ceiling level. The lower shelf is usually installed at half the height compared to the upper shelf (it is better to make it slide under the upper shelf - standing on the floor nearby, it is very convenient to “broom” a friend who is lying on the upper shelf).

How to select stones for a sauna stove and what solution should be used to create “delicious” steam?

The basic requirements for stones for a heater stove are as follows: environmentally friendly: the stones should not contain or release substances harmful to human health (radionuclides, sulfur, etc.) when heated; high heat capacity, which allows the stones to accumulate a lot of energy and, as a result, produce a lot of steam resistance (mechanical) to temperature changes when water is applied to the stones (the temperature of the stones in an electric heater is above 300 °C, the water temperature for pouring is below 100 °C, the temperature difference is more than 200 °C). It is better to serve with hot water; you can add natural oils to the water. It is preferable to use ready-made flavors, which are aqueous solutions of these oils. It is always better to follow the recommendations of the heater manufacturer - many stove manufacturers themselves offer pressure solutions.

Warming up a sauna is a rather long process. Are there any means to quickly warm up?

If the power of the stove matches the volume of the sauna, then the sauna will warm up to the steaming temperature in less than an hour. For a true sauna lover, this is not the time. The anticipation of the pleasure received from the sauna is a pleasant thing, why deprive yourself of it? If you are ready to deviate from the canons of the classic sauna, we can offer the following. Leading manufacturers of electric heaters produce special thermos stoves that are constantly on, and in standby mode they consume power comparable to that of a conventional electric lamp. Due to the good thermal insulation of this low power enough to maintain a high temperature (over 300 °C) of a large volume of stones (about 100 kg) loaded into the furnace. To start steaming, you don’t have to wait for the sauna to warm up - just open the stove lid, switch it to nominal power mode and start heating.

I want to install a sauna with windows in my house. What kind of glass is needed for this?

Requires heat resistant strained glass, which, firstly, would withstand the temperature of the sauna, and secondly, would not burst when water hits it when pressed. To reduce heat loss, it is better to use double-glazed windows made of such glass. In saunas, tinted glass “bronze” is usually used.

They say that whipping your body with a broom in a bathhouse is harmful. Is it true?

We do not have information about the harm caused by a bath broom. On the contrary, there are many objective (source - doctors and scientists in the field of human physiology and hygiene from various countries) and subjective (source - simple amateurs baths) information that this procedure has a beneficial effect on the body.

For some reason, the floor in my sauna is always cold, even when the temperature at the top is 110°C. What should be done to ensure uniform heating?

The temperature difference in height in the sauna is in full accordance with the laws of physics. The sauna should be well ventilated (ideally, the air in the sauna is replaced within an hour), the supply opening is located at the bottom, the heated air rises up - there can be no other picture. If there are shelves on several levels, this temperature distribution allows any steamer to choose the temperature that suits him, lie down on the shelves or climb onto it with his feet.

What is the difference between a steam generator and a heater in a sauna?

In a classic sauna, the humidity is increased by adding water to the heated stones of the heater, which is located directly in the steam room. Naturally, the amount of steam produced and its temperature strongly depend on the mass and temperature of the stones. This temperature can vary greatly, especially with intense water pressure on the stones. The performance of the steam generator (it is installed outside the steam room) does not depend on external factors— both the temperature and the amount of steam produced are constant over time and are determined only by the technical characteristics of the device. In relation to a sauna, the most optimal is a combination of a heater and a steam generator or the use of a combined device.

What is the weight limit of stones for an electric heater? What does this depend on?

The number of stones loaded into the electric heater is determined only by its manufacturer. The determining factors are the total power of the heater, the number and power of individual heating units, the need to heat the sauna corresponding to the power of the heater in a given time. In some models, the manufacturer allows the heater user to vary this amount within small limits. In this case, you need to remember: many stones - longer heating time and more steam, few stones - shorter heating time and less steam.

In what cases is it necessary to make special thermal insulation between the wooden wall of the sauna and the electric heater?

Usually, special thermal insulation between the wooden wall of the sauna and the electric heater is not required, since for electric heaters from the world's leading manufacturers, the safe distances to the wooden elements of the sauna are quite small and amount to only a few centimeters. Moreover, improperly executed additional thermal insulation of a wooden sauna wall in some cases can cause a fire! Therefore, the recommendations of manufacturers of electric heaters (and ours) are as follows: without any additional thermal insulation, simply observe the safe distances specified by the manufacturer.

I want to add colored lighting to my sauna. What colors are best for a steam room and why?

Experts have developed color scheme, with which you can strengthen positive influence saunas on human health. IN standard version this range includes four colors: yellow, blue, red and green. Therefore, today the most widely used sauna lamps are those that provide these colors. Each of them has its own effect, characteristic only for this color, however, the narrow scope of the answer to questions section does not allow us to describe in detail the effect of each color.

Is there a big difference in thermal insulation between a glass and a wooden sauna door?

One square meter of sauna surface without thermal insulation (glass, concrete, brick) from the point of view of heat loss is equivalent to an increase in the volume of the sauna by 1.2-1.5 m?. If you install a completely glass door in a sauna, for example, with a standard door size of 70×190 cm, then you should use a heater designed for a volume that exceeds the volume of your sauna by 1.6–2.0 m². Using solid wooden door, made in the form of a sandwich (lining-foil-insulation-lining), will avoid these losses.

When you apply water to the stones, sometimes it ends up leaking under the electric heater onto the floor. Are there any recommendations for the amount of water depending on the type of heater?

Recommendations on the amount of water to add are usually given by heater manufacturers (this is especially true for electric heaters). For electric heaters with tubular heating elements(TENami) usually recommend about 2 dl (200 g) at a time. The frequency of feeding depends on the amount loaded into the oven and on the personal preferences of the person steaming.

We are planning to build a large sauna for 15-20 people. We will have to install several ovens. What is the best way to place them - side by side or apart?

Manufacturers of electric heaters prohibit the simultaneous installation of several stoves in a sauna. There is only one way out - to install a stove corresponding to the volume of the sauna. Note that there are models of electric heaters designed for large public saunas for 15-20 people.

The ceiling in a sauna is usually flat and horizontal. It is clear that it is cheaper. What is the ideal ceiling shape for better air circulation and steam supply?

We do not know whether studies have ever been conducted on the influence of the shape of the ceiling in a sauna on air circulation, but it is worth noting that today’s sauna design (including a flat ceiling) is the embodiment of centuries-old traditions of its development and improvement.

I prefer an “extreme” sauna—above 110°C. Now I'm thinking of building my own. Which is better to install a heater - wood or electric?

Both electric and wood-burning stoves are capable of providing an “extreme”, as you put it, temperature in the sauna, around 110 ° C. The choice of a particular stove has mainly two aspects - objective ( technical feasibility electric heater connections required power or chimney devices for a wood-burning stove, the ability to maintain safe distances for heaters different types) and subjective (personal and national traditions).

Which stones are better to load into a sauna stove - crushed or rounded?

When choosing stones for a heater, you should first of all focus on the rock from which the stones are made, their size, and only then on their shape. It is generally accepted that the most suitable rocks for saunas are the main rocks (peridotite, gabbro-diabase, etc.), mined in quarries where the corresponding rock is crushed and then sorted by size on special grates. Stones after crushing have irregular shape, and their sizes are in the range specified during sorting (for example, stones measuring 4×8 cm are considered the most suitable for electric heaters). Round shaped stones (we do not consider expensive artificial ones) ceramic stones) is, as a rule, the result of the work of either a glacier or water. In terms of consumer properties (heat capacity, resistance to temperature loads, etc.) they are significantly inferior to the above-mentioned crushed stones.

In what mode should newcomers (children, adults, elderly) be introduced to the sauna?

Regimes for using a sauna are individual, even for different completely healthy people. Only a doctor can give the best and correct recommendations here. As for children and the elderly, in this case consultation with a specialist is simply necessary - otherwise, instead of benefiting the sauna, it can cause harm to health.

What combinations of wood species are good for a bathhouse, and which ones should not be combined together?

The choice of wood for a sauna is a rather subjective thing, which can be influenced by both the whim of the designer and the personal preferences of the sauna owner. The practice of building and operating a sauna shows that it allows for almost any combination of tree species traditionally used in baths and saunas. In this case, not only deciduous (aspen, linden, alder) or only coniferous (pine, spruce) species are used, but also various combinations deciduous and coniferous wood.

Where is it better to place the stove in the sauna - next to the door or in the opposite corner?

At making the right choice the power of the stove and proper thermal insulation of the walls, it does not matter where the stove will be located - next to the door or in the opposite corner. The stove in the sauna should be placed based on convenient location regiments and ventilation organization. It is important that near the stove in the lower part of the wall there is vent for air flow, and the outlet vent (usually with a damper or damper) is on the opposite wall.

When I pour water on the electric heater, some of it flows down. Isn't this harmful for heating elements?

If a little water leaks (it drips onto the floor, not pours), then this is not harmful for stoves made by leading manufacturers - their heating elements are protected from moisture. Ideally, all the water should boil upon contact with the stones and turn into steam, for which water is added to the stones. If this does not happen, there may be several reasons: you are adding too much water; It is better to give in smaller doses (100-200 ml for an electric heater with 20 kg of stones), but more often; the oven is not hot enough; you have too few stones or stones with low heat capacity. The best rocks are porphyrite or gabbro-diabase. The number of stones depends on the design of the heater. Approximately, we can recommend at least 20 kg for wall-mounted models of medium-power stoves (4-8 kW). The size of the stones should allow filling the space between the heating elements.

Is it possible to add a metal side over the electric heater to accommodate more stones?

If the stove is made by a well-known manufacturer, then the size of the space for stones is optimal for a stove of this power and design. There is no need to add anything. It is important to use stones with high heat capacity and the appropriate size.

How to prepare herbal flavored water for steaming?

There are many recipes for herbal infusions, but the general principle is the same - dry or fresh herb is brewed with boiling water, then the infusion is filtered so that particles of the steamed herb do not fall on the hot stones.

On the third day, my newly built sauna had tar leaks on the ceiling and walls. What to do with them?

The lining of coniferous species growing in the north (latitude of Karelia and further north) contains very little resin. In this case, a few drops of resin are quite a colorful interior detail. After some time, all the resin will melt away. If you don't like resin drops, just scrape them off. If the lining is made from trees that grew in the middle zone, then the resin will be released from each batten. In this case, treatment can only be radical - change the casing!

How to set a strict temperature and humidity regime in a sauna with an electric heater (say, 80 °C and 30%)?

To establish and maintain a strict temperature-humidity regime in a sauna, you need an electric heater with a steam generator (separate or built into the stove) and appropriate automation (control unit) that allows you to control these parameters and control the stove and steam generator. Advice: if you plan to maintain the regime for a long time, use a steam generator with fixed connection to the water supply.

If the sauna is installed indoors, does it need to be ventilated to the open air?

It is believed that in a normally functioning sauna the air should be replaced six times within one hour. If the room in which the sauna is installed is well ventilated, then such air exchange can be achieved due to the correct location of the supply and exhaust ventilation openings without additional ventilation of the sauna. If there are problems with the ventilation of the room, then you cannot do without forced ventilation, and what is better to ventilate - the sauna or the entire room - must be decided separately in each specific case.

A friend of mine claims that he gets better steam in his electric heater when he removes some of the stones. It seems to me that this way you can quickly install heating elements. Or not?

The number of stones with which the heater should be used is determined by the heater manufacturer. Using a heater with fewer stones may make it impossible to operate properly or even damage it. Most frequent malfunctions at the same time: activation of emergency protection against overheating and failure of heating elements.

What color should the walls in the sauna be if colored lights are installed there?

There are no special recommendations for choosing a wood tone, here main role Personal preferences come into play. We think that in a sauna with colored lighting it is better to use wood light colors— the play of color is best demonstrated against a light background.

Is it possible to choose an electric heater so that the temperature in the sauna does not rise above 70 °C?

This is quite simple to do - install the heater with a power corresponding to the lower power limit for your sauna (or slightly lower), and use the thermostat to set the desired temperature. Note that a temperature of 70-80 °C is a very typical temperature for a European and Scandinavian sauna. Our steam lovers are solving a completely different problem - how to make sure that the temperature in the sauna does not drop below 100-110 °C!

How much wood does it take on average to heat a 2*3 m sauna? Do stoves differ greatly in this indicator?

Unfortunately, manufacturers of wood-burning sauna stoves indicate their thermal power and the volume of the sauna for which the stove of such power is designed as a characteristic of the stove. The amount of firewood that is spent on heating such a sauna very much depends on the thermal insulation of the steam room, the design of the chimney, the number of stones loaded into the stove and other objective factors. Statements by individual stove manufacturers that stoves of a given design are better than others because they consume less wood are subjective in nature - comparative tests of wood stoves various designs was not carried out.

How to warm up a sauna with a standard eighteen-kilowatt electric heater to 130 °C? I only get a hundred.

If the power of the electric heater corresponds to the volume of the steam room, and the thermal insulation of the steam room is done properly, then the stove should heat the room to the set temperature without any problems. The maximum temperature to which the steam room can be heated is limited: the furnace control unit does not allow you to set a temperature above this limit. The maximum temperature must be indicated in the documentation and is usually 110-120 °C (these values ​​differ for different heater manufacturers). The nature of this limitation is as follows: in the sensor of the control unit, along with a thermistor that serves directly to measure temperature, a temperature fuse is built in, which melts when the temperature rises unexpectedly. Typically, fuses with a melting point of 120–140 °C are used, and Maximum temperature, which the control unit allows, is 10-20 °C lower than this value. As a result, heating the sauna to a temperature exceeding the maximum is possible only if the rules for installing the electric heater and its control unit are violated, which we strongly advise against doing.

What's the best way to make aromatic steam? With a broom, a solution to apply to stones, or evaporation in a steam room?

In fact, all the products you named are suitable for aromatizing the air in a steam room, as well as their various combinations with each other.

What needs to be done to install a sauna in the house regarding fire safety?

From a fire safety point of view, when installing a sauna in a residential building, it is necessary to strictly maintain safe distances from the electric heater to flammable (in the case of a steam room - wooden) surfaces. The following minimum safe distances are usually regulated: back and to the sides - to the walls, forward - to the shelves (two distances - shelves below and above the top edge of the stove), up - to the ceiling. These distances depend on the type and power of the heater and are given in the installation and operating instructions for the electric stove, and leading manufacturers of heaters usually place this information directly on the stove body.

The area of ​​my steam room is 8 m2, the oven is 6 kW. It does not heat up above 80 °C. What needs to be done - change the stove or improve thermal insulation?

The parameter that determines the power of a heater for a steam room is its volume, not its area. Setting the height of your sauna equal to, for example, two meters, you get a volume equal to 16 m². For such a steam room you need a heater with a power of 12 kW, that is, twice as powerful as yours. The conclusions are obvious.

When choosing stoves, if their power is the same, what parameters should be taken into account first?

The volume (weight) of stones is very important parameter. The amount of steam that a heated heater can produce depends on it. If you like to steam frequently and don’t want to wait for the stones that cool down to heat up again, choose a heater with the largest volume of stones. Just keep in mind that the heating time of the steam room with such a heater will be correspondingly longer.

Does it make sense to cover the sauna walls with heat-reflecting foil?

Foil or foil paper is usually used in saunas for a dual purpose - as a reflective thermal insulation and for vapor barrier of the insulation used for thermal insulation of the steam room. In both cases, the foil is located behind the lining, which serves as the lining of the steam room. When using insulation, foil is simply necessary - the thermal insulation properties of the insulation deteriorate sharply if moisture gets into it. Even in the absence of insulation, using foil as reflective thermal insulation will allow you to reduce heat loss in the sauna (do not forget about the air gap between the foil and the paneling). By the way, the above applies not only to the walls, but also to the ceiling of the sauna.

Is it possible to heat the log structure of a bathhouse using an electric heater or is additional thermal insulation necessary?

To warm up a steam room made of logs without additional thermal insulation, you need an electric heater with a power of approximately one and a half times more than to warm up a steam room of the same volume, but with thermal insulation. Often it is the power of the electric furnace that is the limiting parameter that determines the type of thermal insulation.

Are there any restrictions on the combination of wood species inside the steam room?

There are no such restrictions. Recently, the combination of wood and sauna in the steam room has become widespread. various breeds, including deciduous and coniferous. For example, often in a sauna with aspen or linden paneling, the fragment of the wall near which the stove is installed is made of cedar or juniper.

Colored lamps in a steam room - just for beauty or for health purposes?

Colored lighting in a sauna is believed to have a therapeutic effect. Such lighting systems are called color therapy systems. The four most commonly used colors are yellow, green, red and blue. There are also systems with six colors. Both individual basic colors and their combinations are used. Often such systems allow you to set programs for alternating and combining colors to enhance the therapeutic effect of colored lighting.

Do you need a special foundation to place a sauna in your home? What are the floor requirements in this room?

No special foundation is required to place a sauna in the house. Waterproofing the floor is the same as in the bathroom.

What is the difference between electric heaters with an open and closed compartment for stones?

In electric heaters with an open compartment, the stones are heated by tubular heating elements (heating elements), which are located directly among the stones and directly impart heat to them. In a closed compartment, tubular or ribbon heating elements heat the air, which in turn transfers heat to stones that are not in direct contact with the heating elements.

What determines the size and height of the ventilation holes in a sauna in the absence of forced ventilation?

In a properly designed sauna, the air should be completely renewed six times every hour. Even in the absence of forced ventilation, such air exchange can be ensured due to a certain location of the supply and exhaust openings. Typically, the supply vent is located below, near the floor under the heater, and the exhaust vent is located between the shelves on the opposite wall. The supply air is usually closed with a decorative grille, and the exhaust with a valve, which is kept open during use of the sauna. Sometimes an inlet hole is made above the stove or an inflow is provided fresh air through the crack under the door. The diameter of the supply opening is 5-10 cm (depending on the power of the oven), the exhaust opening is approximately twice as large.

What is wood pyrolysis? At what temperatures does it occur?

Pyrolysis (from the Greek pur - fire and lusis - decomposition) of wood - decomposition of complex organic compounds wood into simpler ones under the influence of heat. In industrial installations (often designed for the production of flammable hydrocarbon compounds used as fuel), pyrolysis is carried out without air access, at temperatures of several hundred degrees. However, in a sauna at a temperature of several tens of degrees, the process of wood pyrolysis also occurs, albeit less intensely. Pyrolysis of wood is one of the reasons why the sauna must be well ventilated during operation, and its wooden lining must be periodically changed.

Are there any electric heaters with programmable steam available for sale?

We are not aware of electric heaters in which the process of adding water to stones can be programmed. However, there are commercially available steam generators that can be programmed, which in combination with electric heaters can be used in a sauna.

What permits do I need to obtain to install a sauna with an electric heater in a city apartment?

Installing a sauna in a city apartment is considered a serious redevelopment of the apartment with all the ensuing consequences. Therefore, you cannot limit yourself to obtaining a couple of permits. You will have to draw up and approve the entire project. To do this, it is better to turn to professionals; you yourself cannot do this kind of work. By the way, bureaucratic delays, accompanying the approval of the redevelopment project, is one of the main reasons that, despite a sufficiently large number of saunas in city apartments, only a few officially “exist”.

What is the fundamental difference between a metal wood-burning heater and a brick stove?

Typically, heaters made of metal serve only to heat the steam room and stones. In addition, brick heaters are often used to heat adjacent rooms, for example, a dressing room. Due to its large mass, a brick oven works like a giant heat accumulator; it takes longer to heat up, but also releases heat longer, smoothing out temperature fluctuations in the steam room.

How and at what age should children be introduced to the steam room?

For answers to such questions, it is more correct to contact not builders and sellers of sauna equipment, but doctors - physiotherapists and pediatricians.

How is the ceiling insulated in a free-standing bathhouse?

If the ceiling of the building in which the bathhouse will be located is made in accordance with the standards adopted for a given climate zone, then two layers (each 5 cm) of URSA, ISOVER or similar insulation will be sufficient to insulate the ceiling in the bathhouse. For vapor barrier of insulation, either aluminum foil or cheaper foil paper is used. In order for the foil to also serve as reflective thermal insulation, an air gap of 20-30 mm is arranged between the lining and the foil.

What needs to be done to quickly dry the air in the sauna for a new supply of steam?

The easiest way is to ventilate the sauna more intensively, for example by opening the door and opening the exhaust vent valve in the ceiling. The presence of such a ceiling valve along with the traditional exhaust vent under the shelves is highly desirable for a sauna where the heat is intense or where a steam generator is installed. Most widespread Now we have poppet valves made of wood, but you can also use a regular valve.

Which stones retain heat longer - large or small? Is there an optimal size?

The optimal size of stones for electric heaters is 4*8 cm. Stones of this size are easily placed between the heating elements and, when placed correctly, they do not interfere with the normal circulation of air through the heater. Stones for wood stoves may be larger. However, it should be noted that leading manufacturers of both electric and wood-burning heaters offer stones of the same size for different types of stoves. As for heat transfer, the type of mineral used and the mass of the stones are more important than their size.

Is it possible to put a small electric heater in the bathroom?

If you are planning to completely convert this room into a sauna, please do so. A typical case is that an apartment is arranged from several adjacent apartments, one of the bathrooms is equipped with a sauna. If you plan to use this room both as a sauna and as a bathroom, it is better to abandon this idea. Installing an electric heater in a bathroom is prohibited by current regulations. (According to the Electrical Installation Rules (PUE), in the bathroom, even a socket for a low-power electric razor must be connected through an isolation transformer or RCD.) The only possible option: if your bathroom is very large, you can install a ready-made prefabricated sauna in it.

Are wooden walls required for a Russian bathhouse at a summer cottage? Are there alternative materials for such construction?

The material of the walls can be any, however, if the walls are not made of wood, they will definitely have to be additionally insulated, have a vapor barrier installed, and be covered with clapboard.

Is it possible to heat a large steam room (over 25 m2) with an electric heater(s) or should a special stove be built?

Typically, manufacturers of sauna heaters offer schemes for heating very large rooms that use several stoves of the same type. high power. Such projects are purely individual and are developed only for specific premises and only by stove manufacturers, since they alone can authorize such “non-standard” use of their products. Manufacturing a single stove for a large room is an unrealistic thing, since a serious manufacturer will design, manufacture prototype, its testing and certification wastes a lot of time and money.

Why pour water on the stones in a Finnish sauna? Isn't this a dry steam room?

A classic Finnish sauna with a wood-burning stove is no different from a Russian bath - in the sauna they also pour water on the stones, use a broom, etc. Finns are very fond of the black sauna (read “banya”). The sauna, equipped with an electric heater, also delivers intense steam. Probably, the misconception about the “dry” Finnish sauna appeared after the widespread use of electric heaters for saunas and the firmly accepted position among our fellow citizens that electricity and water are incompatible.

What is abashi? And why is it better than domestic types of wood for saunas?

Triplochiton scleroxylon, or abashi (other local names are obeche, samba, wawa, ayus) is a deciduous species native to western equatorial Africa. Widely used in the manufacture of furniture and wood products, as well as for finishing construction. A pleasant straw-yellow color, a unique surface texture, ease of processing, as well as the ability to produce large-sized elements without defects allow you to create entire interiors from abashiyu, including in the sauna. An important feature is that the abasha’s low thermal conductivity and heat capacity make it possible to avoid burns when the body comes into contact with the parts of a sauna heated to 70-80°C. However, for the sake of fairness, we note that we do not recommend sitting down without protection on abasha shelves in a sauna heated to a temperature of 100°C or higher - it will be hot!

How to protect the lower tier of sauna wall decoration from aging? Is it known to bear more moisture load?

Initially, the wall and ceiling cladding can be treated with a special compound intended for saunas, which will protect the wood from mold and rot. The most widely used product is Supi saunasuoja, produced by the Finnish company Tikkurila. And for further use there is only one remedy - good ventilation and drying of the sauna after use.

At what height is it best to place a thermometer in a steam room?

Usually the thermometer is mounted at the level of the head of the person sitting on the top shelf.

How often should the set of stones in a sauna stove be changed?

Stones that have become unusable (cracked) should be replaced with new ones as they deteriorate. The intensity of destruction of stones is directly related to the intensity of use of the heater. In home saunas, the stones should be sorted at least once a year; in intensive use and in public saunas - more often.

What wood should not be used for bath shelves?

There are no categorical prohibitions on the use of any type of wood for making shelves. Almost all available breeds can be used. In Russia, shelves are most often made from hardwood (aspen, linden, alder), in Scandinavia - from aspen and spruce. But all over the world, preference is given to the African Abashi tree.

Does it make sense to install a powerful stove in a small sauna for quick heating?

The power of the stove must strictly correspond to the volume of the sauna. the parameters of this compliance are determined by the heater manufacturer. It is pointless to use a stove of lower power - the sauna will not warm up to the required temperature. Using a stove of higher power is unsafe - the risk of fire increases significantly.

I want to collect new stones for the heater - right by the river. Which stones to choose?

We advise you to purchase stones specifically designed for heater stoves. Porphyrite and gabbro-diabase are most often used for these purposes. Such stones are environmentally friendly and have a high heat capacity, which allows you to obtain a large amount of soft steam. When using untested stones picked up in a random place - near a road, in a forest, on a river bank, etc. - a problem may arise. whole line both environmental and technical problems.

Which wood is the most durable for the interior lining of a steam room? Is there an optimal price-quality ratio here?

The service life of the internal lining of the steam room practically does not depend on the type of wood used and is largely determined by the temperature and humidity conditions. Proper care is of great importance for the service life of the cladding - even this simplest procedure, like regular drying of the steam room after use, can significantly extend the service life of the casing. To a large extent, the choice of cladding material is determined by personal preferences and financial capabilities, but here, you see, the price-quality ratio is different for everyone.

How should prepared brooms be stored?

Bath brooms should be stored in cool, dry rooms with good ventilation. Avoid exposure to them sun rays and sudden changes in humidity in the room where they are stored.

Are there ways to quickly deodorize the air in a steam room (for example, after using aromatic additives)?

There is only one way - intensive ventilation of the steam room. However, in the case of using concentrated aromas, one-time ventilation may not be enough - the wood in the steam room absorbs odors very well. There are also cases when steamers were watered with flavorings (in particular, essential oils) walls of the steam room. Sometimes in such cases it was necessary to completely change the lining of the steam room.

Why is the abashi tree so famous? How is it different from traditional wood?

Abashi (abachi, apache, etc. from abachi - English) is a deciduous species that grows in the west of equatorial Africa. The Latin name is triplochiton scleroxylon, other local names are obeche, samba, vava, ayus. The wood is well processed, there are practically no knots. main feature- low thermal conductivity and heat capacity, which allow you to avoid burns when the body comes into contact with sauna parts heated to 70-80 ° C, - makes this wood indispensable for the manufacture of sauna shelves and other interior parts that come into contact with human skin.

I heard that there are electric heaters called “thermoses”, in which the stones are covered with an insulating lid. What are they needed for?

Such electric heaters-"thermoses" are intended for immediate use. Working at low power in standby mode with the lid closed, such a heater maintains the temperature of a large mass of stones (about 100 kg) high enough to immediately start steaming, just open the lid and turn on the stove on full power. A regular heater takes about an hour to heat the sauna to steaming temperature, but this one is always ready for use!

How to create Russian bath conditions (average temperature and humidity) in a prefabricated Finnish sauna with a wood-burning heater?

From the point of view of temperature and humidity conditions, a Finnish sauna with a wood-burning heater is no different from a Russian bath. Accordingly, these modes are maintained in the same way - we heat the stove and heat the sauna to the required temperature, after which we apply it to the stones to achieve the required humidity.

There are so many new materials on the market now... What is the best material to use to build a free-standing bathhouse?

The material from which it is built separately standing room, intended for a bathhouse, is not of significant importance for the bathhouse itself - it’s just a matter of your income. A more important question is the choice of materials for the direct arrangement of a bathhouse or sauna in an already finished building. Scandinavians here prefer coniferous species - spruce and pine, which are popular in Russia hardwoods- aspen, linden, alder.

In what mode should a sauna with an electric heater be dried after prolonged use (for 6-8 hours)?

To dry a sauna in which water was intensively applied to the stones, you should leave it with the door open and the electric heater turned on for about one hour. A “delicate” point is that such a sauna should be equipped with an additional ventilation hole in the ceiling or in the upper part of the wall on which the main exhaust ventilation hole is located. This additional hole is opened only when the sauna is drying; the rest of the time it must be closed.

Which wood is the most durable for sauna interior decoration?

Experience shows that the durability of the interior lining of a sauna is determined not by the type of wood, but by the thickness and profile of the lining. The most suitable lining for a sauna is 15-16 mm thick, which has compensation grooves on the back side that prevent it from cracking when there is a significant change in temperature and humidity. Also, the life of the cladding increases the air gap between the lining and the vapor barrier.

I heard that dry steam is harmful to women's skin. What are the best temperature and humidity settings for a Finnish sauna for women?

The optimal combination of temperature and humidity and the duration of a sauna visit are very individual parameters that are determined not only by gender, but also by age, health status and many other individual characteristics of the body. There is only one recommendation here - consult your doctor.

Do I need to specially prepare the floor in the room where the sauna is installed?

The floor of the room where the sauna will be installed does not require special preparation. From the point of view of hygiene and ease of maintenance, tiles covered with wooden lattice or a plastic mat. If everything is clear with a wooden lattice, then it is better to take special plastic mats designed specifically for wet areas(for example, Soft Step mats from the Finnish company Plast-Terf).

Are there differences in the requirements for installing a sauna at home and in a public place?

Requirements for installing saunas in residential and public buildings approximately the same, but it should be borne in mind that meeting the requirements of the relevant regulatory documents When installing saunas in public buildings, the controls are much stricter.

What are the minimum dimensions of a home sauna and which stove to choose for it?

The minimum power of an electric sauna heater is 2 kW. This power corresponds to a minimum volume of approximately 1.2 m?. This sauna has dimensions of 0.8x0.8x1.9 m.

I have an old log bathhouse in my village. The stove there almost collapsed. What is better - to install a new one or install an electric one?

This is a choice you must make yourself; it depends entirely on your personal preferences and existing limitations. in the village it is usually difficult to provide sufficient electrical power for an electric heater (for small-sized baths and saunas, on average, 1 kW of electric heater power is required per 1 m2 of steam room volume), so they are more often used there wood stoves. By the way, it is not at all necessary to install the stove yourself - there are ready-made factory-made wooden stoves designed for a steam room volume of up to 50 m³.

Is it necessary to leave a gap between the log wall of the bathhouse and the finishing paneling? If so, which one?

In the absence of additional heat and vapor barrier, the presence of such a gap does not play a significant role. If aluminum foil or foil paper is used as a vapor barrier, then the gap between the foil and the sheathing paneling significantly improves the thermal insulation of the steam room - the foil in this case also works as reflective thermal insulation.

Does the choice of stove depend on the size of the steam room?

The power of an electric heater corresponds to a certain volume of the steam room if the thermal insulation is properly observed. When building a sauna, they use foil, which is placed between the paneling and the insulation, returning steam to the steam room and ensuring quick heating of the sauna.

Is it better to build your own sauna or visit a public one?

It all depends on your preferences and capabilities. Of course, it's great to have your own sauna. You can use it at any time convenient for you.

Which saunas have a longer service life?

The lifespan of a sauna depends on the skills and abilities of specialists in the construction of the sauna. The work must be carried out professionally and reliably in accordance with all regulatory requirements. When finishing a sauna with clapboard, you need to pay special attention to the thickness and quality of its processing. It is better to leave a distance between the lining and the foil, which will allow the heat to return to the steam room. This will protect the wood from moisture. All this will allow you to use the sauna for a long period of time.

Leave the oven on for 20-30 minutes.

Is it possible to visit the sauna before or after fitness classes?

Depending on how you feel.

Is it possible to create temperature and humidity conditions in a sauna like in a Russian bath?

Ovens with built-in steam generators allow you to do this.

Do you use any stones for a sauna?

Better are gabrro-diabase, soapstone, jadeite.

Is it possible to wear a synthetic headdress in the steam room?

Better to use natural materials, cotton, felt, wool, etc.

Is it possible to use different types of wood in the finishing work of the steam room?

Is it possible to place plastic products near the floor in the sauna?

It is possible, because The temperature in the sauna near the floor is low.

What finish is best to use for walls in a sauna?

It depends on the customer’s preferences and the budget he is willing to spend on it. The best is Canadian cedar. A natural antiseptic with a pronounced aroma, on which traces of water are least noticeable.

Is it worth combining a sauna and an infrared cabin in one project?

A good solution when there is a lack of space and real cost savings.

What products do you use to clean your electric heater?

No electric heater required special care. The outside can be wiped with a damp cloth.

Is there a time limit for staying in the Finnish sauna and steam bath?

Individual human tolerance to temperature and humidity.

How much water can you pour on a hot electric heater?

The main thing is that water does not spill on the floor. The presence of water on the floor indicates that you are overwatering.

Depends on your wishes and financial capabilities. Decorative lighting - fiber optic. Color therapy Hrvia Color dreahs. New diode lamps from the Finnish company Savnia will be installed soon.

What is the best place to place a stove in a steam room in a sauna?

Depends on the size of the steam room, it is advisable that it does not interfere with the passage. Consider the ventilation device in your steam room.

Are there specific guidelines when choosing wood for a sauna floor?

Better put tiles for hygienic reasons; or a tree less susceptible to rotting, such as larch.

Is it necessary to leave space for ventilation when building a sauna?

Ventilation is necessary both supply and exhaust.

What are the differences between a Finnish sauna and a Russian bath?

In terms of temperature and humidity balance: Finnish sauna -10-30% humidity, temperature 110C. Russian bath - 60-70% humidity, temperature 60-70C.

What should you first pay attention to when choosing a sauna?

First of all, on dimensions and power consumption.

Describe the procedures for taking an infrared and Finnish sauna for various situations in life?

An infrared sauna is preferable for people with high blood pressure and those who for other reasons cannot tolerate high temperatures. Good for people who have suffered sprains, dislocations, or simply need to warm up their muscles.

Why is it better to be in a horizontal position in the steam room?

There is no temperature difference in this position.

How often can you use an infrared sauna (if there are no contraindications), and do you need to take breaks from the courses?

Do I need to use a cap in an infrared sauna?

There is no need to wear a hat, because... An infrared sauna produces dry, long-wave heat.

Is it difficult to assemble an infrared sauna?

Two people can assemble it within 1 hour.

How often can you go to the sauna?

There are no fundamental restrictions, it all depends on your desire.

What is the best thing to wear to the sauna?

Be sure to wear a hat. Everything else depends on who you go with.

What are the basic rules for visiting the sauna?

It is advisable to visit the sauna on an empty stomach or 2-3 hours after meals. It is advisable to refrain from smoking and alcoholic beverages before visiting the sauna. Optimal time to visit the sauna in the morning from 8-11 o'clock or in the evening from 16-20 o'clock. When going to the sauna, do not forget to take off all your jewelry, because the metal gets hot and can burn your skin. When entering the steam room, it is recommended to cover your head by wearing a special cap.

A sauna at the dacha is great. Steaming in it is useful and pleasant, and how pleasant it is depends to a large extent on the heater. In order to get only pleasure from your stay in the bathhouse, and not problems, it must be safe. The hotter the stove gets, the hotter the wall it is adjacent to gets hotter, and the fire is not far away. How to protect yourself, how to isolate the stove in a bathhouse from the wall, will be discussed in this article.

Requirements for the materials we choose to insulate the sauna stove from the wall

Usually the steam room is finished with wood. This is not only correct, but also healthy. In this case, it is necessary to protect the wooden wall from the stove. Otherwise, under the influence of high temperature, the wood will collapse. Although, if the distance from the stove to the wall is 1 m, then you can do without it. When choosing a material, both for the bathhouse and for insulating the stove from the wall, you must first of all pay attention to two things:

• its effectiveness;
• on environmental safety.

As for efficiency, asbestos, among others, is such a material, but in terms of environmental safety, it is better not to use it. After all, every time you visit the bathhouse, you and your family members will inhale carcinogens released when heated. Therefore, we choose materials based on:

• natural stone;
• fiberglass;
• stone fibers;
• stainless metal.

There are many answers to the question of how to insulate the stove from the wall. And you need to choose the method that best suits you, both in terms of aesthetics, safety, and cost.

Fire-resistant plasterboard for insulating walls in a bathhouse

As one of the options, you can isolate the stove from the wall using GKLO - fire-resistant plasterboard sheets, and stick porcelain tiles on them.

Properties of GKLO

Fire-resistant plasterboard sheets have the following features:

• able to maintain fire resistance for 25 minutes;
• Resists fire for up to 55 minutes.

Best Fireproof Drywall Sheets

High quality fireproof plasterboard sheets Produced by the German manufacturer Knauf. This:

• slab with sides 120x250 cm, thickness 1.25 cm;
• the front and back sides are construction cardboard, in the middle there is a core, which includes special glass fibers, which make the material more resistant to fire;
• The edges of the sheet are covered with cardboard. For convenient joining of sheets there is a chamfer;
• The sheet is attached both to the profile and to Knauf Perflix glue.

Minerite

In Finland, the company Cembrit Oy produces an excellent heat-resistant, environmentally friendly material that is ideal for protecting walls from stoves - mineralite. The slabs include:

• white or gray cement 90%;
• mineral fillers;
• reinforcing fiber.

The main advantage of mineralite is that it does not contain asbestos, while domestic manufacturers use it in the production of fiber cement boards.

Installation of mineralite

Before insulating the stove from the wall, we purchase:

• mineralite sheets LV sauna - 2 pcs.;
• ceramic 30 mm mounting bushings - 4 pcs.;
• screws with countersunk or rounded heads.

How to mount the stove depends on the distance from the stove to the wall:

• if the oven is on quite long distance from the wall, then we fix the mineralite to the wall using screws;
• with a distance of at least 50 cm, the sheet is not attached flush to the wall, but with a gap of 3 cm, for which ceramic bushings are used;
• if there is very little space between the stove and the wall of the bathhouse, then two sheets are attached.

Installing double sheets is simple:

• take the sheet and install it on the wall, screwing it in;
• Next comes the installation of ceramic bushings;
• After completing the first two operations, attach the second sheet.

Keep in mind: if you finish the wall behind the stove in a newly built building, then during shrinkage, the mineralite sheet may crack. To eliminate this problem, it is necessary to make grooves in the sheet through which the screws will go, and to place scraps on the floor under the sheet. When the shrinkage process is complete, the sheets are finally screwed.

Additionally, a stainless steel sheet attached to the stove will help you to be on the safe side.

Stainless steel protective screen

By using a heat-protective screen made of mirror stainless steel, you will reliably protect the walls of the bathhouse from fire. The screen can be ordered or purchased ready-made with basalt wool in addition. In addition to stainless steel:

1. Non-flammable needle-punched thermal insulating glass sheet is ideally suited for a stainless steel screen. Its advantages:

• absence of resin that releases toxic gases when heated;
• ease of installation. 2. The heat-resistant Rockwool FireBatts mat, supplied from Denmark, is also good. This product of the ROCKWOOL Group of Companies:

• made of basalt wool, Rockwoo - hygroscopic and heat-resistant;
• withstands temperatures up to 750 degrees C.

Superizol

The Danish company Skamol produces a material that is used as insulation, super isol. Its advantages:

• universal;
• incombustible;
• the maximum temperature maintained during operation is 1000 degrees C;
• easy;
• lasting.

Finishing the walls around the stove

If your bathhouse is a wooden frame, then:

• when finishing the walls around the stove with mineralite, it is advisable to leave a 3 cm air gap, using the same ceramic bushings. Air will circulate between the wall and the mineralite sheet, preventing them from heating to extreme temperatures. Heat-resistant tiles on top of mineralite sheets will decorate the walls and provide additional security;
• The walls in the bathhouse adjacent to the metal stove are also protected using red solid brick. We spread it to the height of the stove, but, if desired, it can go up to the ceiling.

Separately, I would like to dwell on heat-resistant tiles.

Heat-resistant tiles from the Terracotta company

A good option is heat-resistant Miami tiles with imitation weathered sandstone, produced by Russian company"Terracotta". A little more about her:

• The main thing is that this tile is environmentally friendly. The basis is kaolin clay of various rare varieties. No dyes or chemical additives are used;
• This material is universal: it is used both for internal lining, and external;
• the color scheme is very expressive and does not change due to exposure to high temperature;
• it is strong and durable;
• has good air and vapor permeability;
• the maximum temperature that this fireproof tile can withstand is 1100 degrees C;
• fix the tiles using heat-resistant “Terracotta” glue. The company also produces grout for joints.

The company produces tiles and other textures, each of them has its own unique charm. This:

• fireclay;
• flagstone;
• old lock;
• wood chip;
• old brick;
• papyrus;
• torn stone and others.

Remember: before gluing heat-resistant tiles, apply heat-resistant mastic to the mineralite slab.

An inexpensive way to protect between the stove and the wall

To protect the wooden walls of the bathhouse from excessive heating in the area where the stove is located, you can use profile iron, which is used for roofs. To do this you need:

• hollow metal tubes. Optimal diameter 3/8";
• profile iron.

Let's get started:

• We attach pipes to the walls adjacent to the stove;
• We attach a metal profile to the tubes. At the same time, we do not reach the floor and ceiling by 100 mm; We again place the tubes on the profile. They should occupy a position similar to that which they occupy on the wall;
• We place a profile on the tubes. When heated, the air passes through a 100 mm gap at the floor and finds an exit at the ceiling through the same gap. The walls do not heat up.

Another way to insulate a stove in a bathhouse is an additional wall between the stove and the wall. We make the additional wall from non-combustible materials: gypsum, for example.

You will learn everything about the construction of a bathhouse, installation of a stove and its insulation from the wall in this video:

A modern electric stove provides the specified temperature conditions in the steam room and can replace the Russian wood-burning stove. You can install the device yourself, following the attached recommendations.

Content:

Installation electric oven It’s simple; the device manufacturer’s instructions are always supplied with the purchased product. The specifics of the installation lie in the conditions in which the electrical appliance will operate. The temperature and humidity in the sauna create a risk of electric shock, so many factors must be taken into account when connecting the stove.

Choosing an electric stove for a bath

When purchasing an electric sauna stove, pay attention to the following points:

1. The power of the product is determined from the condition: 1 kW of the oven - per 1 m 3 of the steam room. If there are poorly insulated areas ( glass doors, windows, tiles) the power of the device must be increased. Each square meter of such areas increases the volume of the steam room for calculations by 1.5 m 3. Therefore, it is important to insulate the room well, primarily the ceiling.
2. The products operate on 220 V or 380 V; the choice must correspond to the voltage in the bath network.
3. Buy a stove with a capacity of 25% more than the calculated value.
4. On the market you can find electric stoves with a steam generator for baths, operating in semi-automatic mode. These are small devices without stones.
5. Choose products with thick walls, they are more durable.
6. For safety reasons, purchase a product that automatically turns off the power supply if there is a problem with the electrical wiring.
7. The automation built into the stove should turn off the device if the room temperature is too high.
8. Ovens can be installed on the floor or attached to the wall. The wall-mounted one saves space in the bathhouse and does not interfere with cleaning.
9. The device body must be made of metal up to 4 mm thick.

Wiring requirements for an electric furnace in a bathhouse

Electric sauna stoves 220 V with a power of up to 4.5 kW operate on single-phase current. High power devices use three-phase current. You can connect several heating elements in parallel to the network, but this increases the current threefold. Therefore, in in this case select the correct cross-section of electrical wires designed for the power of the furnace.

Consider the following points:

• For a single-phase network, use a three-core cable, for a three-phase network, use a five-core cable.
• A prerequisite for wires is the presence of a grounding wire.
• Attach the wires to the wall using conventional cable ducts.
• The cable between the control panel and the oven must be in special rubber insulation. Sometimes this cable is supplied with the oven.
• Reinforced insulation wires are expensive, so it is recommended to reduce their length. To do this, near the stove (no closer than 1 m), on the wall, install a metal mounting box. Between the box and the remote control, covertly lay ordinary wires in vinyl insulation, and from the box to the oven - wires with reinforced insulation. Pull the heat-resistant wires through a metal hose or pipe, which you ground.
• In conditions of high temperature twisting of copper and aluminum wires oxidize, so all wires in the structure must be copper.

Rules for placing an electric furnace for a bath

It is recommended to install an electric stove in the corner closest to the front door. Manufacturers produce corner electric stoves for Russian baths; some models can be hung on the wall. Modern products can be installed in the middle of a steam room if all requirements for the safe operation of the device are met.

Please meet the following requirements:

1. The gaps specified in the technical documentation of the device must remain between the hot surfaces of the stove and the walls of the bath. Typically the gaps are 50 cm.
2. The device can be placed close to a flammable surface if it is protected by a special screen.
3. For safety reasons, the device is protected by protective structures. The gap between them and the stove must be at least 7 cm, different for each device.
4. Behind the stove, provide an inlet for ventilation of the bath. It is made at a height of 5-10 cm from the floor. The air should exit through a hole on the opposite side of the room. The diameters of the ventilation holes range from 150 to 250 mm, depending on the power of the stove.
5. A foundation for floor structures is not needed; make a massive base of fireclay brick or metal sheet on a heat-insulating base.
6. You can cover the floor on which there is a small stove non-flammable material, For example, ceramic tiles or a slab of asbestos cement material. Please note that the stove has a lot of weight with stones.

Features of installation of electric furnace elements in a bathhouse

All electric furnaces contain the same components, connected to each other by cables. Fundamental electrical diagram The device is simple: voltage from the mains is supplied to some terminals of the remote controller, and other wires going to the heating device are connected to the output terminals. If there is a steam generator, wires are stretched from the remote control to it. The installation of each element is carried out according to certain rules.

Installation of the furnace body in the bathhouse

The housing contains heating elements and their connection points. There are models in which space is allocated for stones, a water tank or a steam generator.

If the stove must work with stones, it cannot be turned on if they are absent; the heating elements will fail. Rinse the stones well before laying. The sizes of stones are also regulated. Usually pebbles measuring 5-9 mm are used. The heating rate of the steam room depends on their size.

Installation of a control panel for an electric furnace in a bathhouse

Using the remote control you can install temperature regime and various effects. Sensors allow you to see changes in heating. In modern electric sauna stoves, the control panel of the device is often built into the stove body, and the device is configured directly from the steam room. Remote control is also supplied with the device and performs duplicate functions. When installing the remote control, adhere to the following recommendations:

• Due to the high temperature and humidity in the steam room, install the remote control on the wall in a room that is maintained at room temperature.
• Stretch the wires from the remote control to the electrical panel and connect to a separate circuit breaker. The switch must be rated to match the power of the electric furnace.
• The circuit must also contain an RCD.
• The remote control and the stove in the baths are in different rooms, so make wall penetrations to pull the wires.
• After making a hole in the wall in the opening, install a tube made of non-combustible material through which pull the cable. Then seal the hole with non-flammable material, such as cement.
• Do not lay electrical cables and wires from sensors in the same wall penetration.
• It is advisable to carry out the laying of cables at the stage of erecting the walls of the bathhouse.

Temperature and humidity sensors for an electric furnace in a bathhouse

The sensors are connected using special heat-resistant cables. Sensor wires must be solid; multiple cables connected to each other cannot be used for extension. They are installed in the places specified in the oven operating instructions. Typically, sensors are installed above the stove, shelves or above the exit from the steam room.

Grounding an electric furnace in a bathhouse

The room must have its own grounding circuit to which the stove is connected. The circuit is buried in the ground at the construction stage of the bathhouse. The grounding cable from the furnace to the circuit is pulled through cable channels. If there is no circuit, connect the oven grounding cable to the neutral terminal on the electrical panel.

And finally, we present a video about electric sauna stoves:

This is a list of basic installation rules electrical device ends in the bathhouse. By completing them, you will be able to install an electric sauna stove with your own hands and get a safe, easy-to-use unit.