How to make an exhaust filter with your own hands: operating principle and step-by-step guide. Making an effective air cleaner for your home with your own hands Do-it-yourself water air filter

Basically, clean air problems prevail in big cities. The air is polluted by exhaust gases, various fumes and dust, emissions from enterprises, etc. This air enters our homes, accumulates in rooms, people breathe it, sometimes without even suspecting that their health is gradually beginning to deteriorate precisely because of the polluted atmosphere. Most people don't even know that this problem A simple air purifier, purchased or made by yourself, can solve the problem.

So, to get rid of small particles present in the air, many methods have been invented to purify it. But they all have one thing in common operating principle: a flow of contaminated air is sucked into the unit, passes through a filter (it can be water, electrostatic, carbon or another) and is blown out by a fan outside, already cleared of contaminants.

The figure below shows the operating principle of an air purifier, which combines several cleaning phases where the air passes through the filter rough cleaning, ionizer and UV emitter. Next, the air flow collides with water, which picks up dust particles and leaves the unit already moistened, clean and with negatively charged oxygen ions.

There are a large number of devices on sale, such as complex design, as well as simpler ones that successfully purify indoor air. But for some consumers, the price for them may seem very high, and therefore they are inclined to improvise and make such devices with their own hands. Construct an electronic device at home using high technology you probably won't be able to. But assemble some simple air purifier models home handyman quite possible.

Air purifier options

First of all, you should understand that its design also depends on the conditions in which and for what purposes the air purifier will have to be used. For example, if there is normal humidity in the room, but dust is flying in the air, then you can remove it by making car filter cleaner like in this video.

Air purifier for dry rooms

In rooms with low humidity, in addition to cleaning from dust, it is necessary to raise this humidity to values ​​at which a person will feel more comfortable, namely up to 40-60%.

A simple device for these purposes is easy to assemble yourself, and it will consist of a plastic container and a computer cooler. This is done simply.

Wet room cleaner

High humidity in the room also brings many problems: the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria, the rapid growth of mold on the walls, damage to furniture and musical instruments etc. Also high humidity Harmful for the garage, or rather for the car in which you keep it. To dry and clean the air, you will need to use materials that can absorb excess moisture. The simplest material is ordinary salt.

Before using the salt for these purposes, it should be roasted in the oven for several hours. Only in this case will it most effectively absorb moisture from the air.

A homemade apparatus for cleaning and drying air is made in exactly the same way as for humidifying, but with minor differences:

• high fan speeds are not required (salt will scatter throughout the container), so charging from a phone with a 5V output will be sufficient;
• instead of water, pour it into the bottom of the container thick layer salt 3-4 cm.

However technical progress does not stand still, and a more effective, moisture-absorbing material has been found - this silica gel. You met it when buying shoes - these are bags of small balls.

Silica gel is a non-toxic substance consisting of silicon dioxide.

Caution should be exercised if there are small children in the home. Make sure your child does not eat this substance as it may contain cobalt chloride, which is poisonous if ingested.

Silica gel can be bought in different packaging in Chinese online stores. Advantage of this product before regular salt is that for efficient work A significantly smaller amount of the unit will be required.

Some types of silicon dioxide have special painting, as shown in the following photo.

This dye acts as an indicator: when the crystals are dry, it is blue, but when the substance absorbs maximum moisture, it turns pink. To restore the crystals, they are placed in the microwave for 8 minutes at the most low power. Based on these data, silica gel works more effectively in devices that purify the air from moisture.

Purifier with carbon filter

Application activated carbon for air purification is indicated if removal from it is required unpleasant odors, for example, when you need to get rid of tobacco smoke. Charcoal is also effective in removing some toxic substances dissolved in the air. A simple charcoal cleaner can be made from plastic pipes, but first you need to prepare the necessary materials:

• two meter sewer pipes (waste), with diameters 200/210 mm and 150/160 mm;
• adapter (ventilation) – diameter 150/200 mm;
• plugs for 210 and 160 mm;
• metal mesh (you can use a painting mesh with a small mesh size);
• clamps;
• agrofibre;
• aluminum tape;
• about 2 kg of any activated carbon;
• drill with attachments;
• sealant;
• large needle and nylon thread.

The picture below shows what the adapter, plug and pipe look like.

Below is an algorithm for performing the work.

1. Trim outer pipe(200/210 mm) up to 77 mm, and internal (150/160 mm) up to 75 mm, remove all burrs.
2. Turn inner tube thick side up and cut off the edging so that it fits better on the plug.
   
   
3. It is necessary to drill as much as possible on the inner pipe more holes. IN in this case drill diameter 10 mm.
   
   
4. Drill holes in the outer pipe using a 30mm hole saw.
   
   
5. Do not throw away the remaining circles after drilling; they will still be useful for spacers.
   
   
6. Both pipes should be covered with agrofibre and sewn with nylon thread.
   
   
7. Next, you should wrap the outer pipe with a painting mesh and sew it together using 2 clamps 190/210 for convenience. They will ensure a good fit of the mesh to the pipe. It is necessary to tighten the mesh first from the thick side of the pipe.
8. Using a slightly curved needle and nylon thread, sew the mesh along its entire length, rearranging the clamps as you sew.
   
   

   

9. Remove the protruding ends of the mesh with pliers, and excess agrofibre with scissors or a blade.
10. The inner tube should be wrapped first metal mesh, and after that - agrofibre.
    
    
11. Secure the edges of the pipes with aluminum tape.
    
    
12. Insert the inner pipe into the plug exactly in the center using spacers made of circles, then fix it either mineral wool, or sing it.
    
    
13. Insert the inner pipe into the outer one.
    
    

The next stage of filter manufacturing will be filling it with coal. It is recommended to use coal with a fraction of 5.5 mm of the AR-B grade. But another one is possible, for example, the one that is used to purify water with a fraction of 2.5 mm.

Before refueling, the coal must be sifted through a sieve to remove fine dust from it.

The coal is poured slowly so that voids do not form. Filling will take approximately 2 kg of coal. When filling, you need to knock the pipe on the floor from time to time so that the filler fills the entire space evenly.

When the space between the pipes is completely filled, put on the adapter, which will serve as a lid to hold the coal. After this, use sealant to seal the small gap between the adapter and the inner pipe.

On at this stage The air purifier assembly is complete. After the sealant has dried, you can insert it into the adapter duct fan so that it draws air from the filter and blows it into the room. This filter can also be used at home by installing it into the supply ventilation line.

Thanks to it, clean, odor-free air will enter the house.

Too much dust accumulates in any room, which is absorbed by upholstered furniture, carpets, children's toys, and even by the person himself. And no matter how intensively the struggle for cleanliness is waged, dust particles will still hover in the air of the room. You can improve the confrontation process by using an air purifier. A fairly simple and highly effective device is an electrostatic air purifier.

Carbon filters for air purifier

• The housing has slots for the intake of dirty air and the removal of clean air masses.
• Cleansing and ionizing filter.
• A dust collector consisting of installed electrodes with oppositely polar charges.
• Electronic controls for automatic control.
• Power supply to start the device.

Principle of operation

The corona charge created on the electrode produces charged ions. As they move, they capture dust particles and bacteria. When such ions settle on the electrode, they “stick” harmful components of the air with them. Clean air is supplied back into the room. A simple operating algorithm allows you to use the device in any type of room. It is suitable for small rooms, the area of ​​which does not exceed 20 m2.

Advantages

• Effective removal of dust particles whose size does not exceed 1 micron. Simple repairs can cause large amounts of dust to appear.
• Minimum consumption electrical energy, since power modern devices does not exceed 45 W.
• The installed filter does not need to be replaced. When dirty, it simply washes under running water at least once every 10 days in case of intensive use.
• Models without a fan do not create sound, which allows them to be used in a child’s room or at night.

In this case, it is not at all necessary to purchase finished device. You can make your own indoor air purifier with a little effort and a little time. This will ultimately result in cost savings.

DIY electrostatic air purifier: option No. 1

The design of a professional air purifier presented below allows you to determine how to install the device yourself. According to the proposed scheme, you can make the device yourself. The components of the mechanism are purchased in specialized stores or replaced with improvised means. For example, the HEPA filter is replaced by carbon elements, the coarse filter is replaced by a porous material, and the ionizer may not be used in the design.

Do-it-yourself air washing: detailed manufacturing instructions

Diagram of a homemade purifier

This scheme works with artificial supply of polluted air. A conventional fan can be used to move air masses. By connecting such a cleaner to power, you can eliminate dust within 12 hours. But its main disadvantage is the production of ozone, which large quantities harmful to the human body.

Important! Using an additional filter based on activated carbon and installing a partition with silica gel will allow you to more effectively and quickly remove dust particles from the air.

DIY air purifier for home: option No. 2

Required structural elements

• A small fan whose voltage is 12 V.
• Power supply: Krona battery.
• Terminal for connecting a power source.
• Plastic container corresponding to the dimensions of the fan.
• Filter element: carbon.

Manufacturing process

Cleaner in a plastic container

• Apply markings on the prepared container to make holes for the entry and exit of air masses.
• At the bottom of the container, apply cut lines that correspond to the dimensions of the battery.
• Using a terminal, connect the fan to a power source - a battery.
• Check the functionality of the assembled structure.
• Place the finished structure in a plastic container.
• Cut the carbon filter to the size of the container.
• Place the filter element on top of the fan.

Important! To increase the reliability of the design, it is better to solder the battery to the fan. This will eliminate power supply interruptions and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of using the device.

Homemade dust air purifier with humidification: design No. 3

To implement the task, the following are used:

• volumetric plastic container with a lid;
• 12 V power supply that can be connected to the mains;
• fan of small dimensions;
• filter element.

The design principle is similar to No. 2: a hole is made in the plastic tank for installing a fan and power supply. The fan is firmly fixed in the upper part of the container using bolts to prevent it from sinking into the water. IN bottom part plastic tank water is pouring in. The liquid should not reach the fan by at least 3 cm.

This device can be equipped with a relay, with which you can automatically control the structure: it will turn on and off through certain time yourself, which, you see, is very convenient.

How to make a DIY air purifier for a room with high humidity

Filters can be made from dense porous fabric

Materials needed to complete the project:

• plastic container with a depth of at least 20 cm;
• a low-power fan whose impeller rotates slowly;
• sea ​​or table salt;
• porous material: multi-layer pillow like a cotton-gauze bandage, foam rubber;
• power supply for fan operation;
• fasteners;
• reliable quick-fire adhesive;
• sharpened knife for performing the installation process.

You can make your own air purifier by following the instructions:

• make two holes in a plastic container on different walls different sizes: the hole for installing the fan must be the same size as the air exchange device. It should be placed slightly higher than the second hole on the opposite side;
• fix the fan;
• make a filter whose size will be slightly larger than the size of the second hole. The filter can be made using a multi-ball method: gauze + cotton wool;
• fix the filter on the box using quick-drying glue;
• pour dry salt so that the substance covers the hole with installed filter, but did not reach the fan;
• connect the structure to the power source and start the mechanism.

Important! When creating a purifier for an apartment with high humidity levels, you must use a fan that rotates very slowly. Otherwise, the intense air flow will “stir” the salt, which, knocking on the walls of the container, will irritate the ears. This device is not suitable for use at night.

This purifier has 2 levels of filtration: porous material in the form of gauze will eliminate dust particles; salt, which will absorb excess moisture, bacteria and fine dust. Homemade Electrostatic Air Purifier of this type will saturate the air in the room with chlorine and sodium ions, making the indoor air more beneficial for humans and indoor plants.

The DIY purifier is made taking into account the humidity levels in the room. To measure it, a special device is used - a hygrometer. Optimal humidity indoors in accordance with GOST 30494-96 is 40-60%. If the hygrometer readings are more than 70%, a “dry” cleaner should be used. For readings less than 30%, a device with air humidification will be required.

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DIY air purifier

Unfortunately, the air in our homes cannot be called perfect. Moreover, it is much cleaner outside, since it is cleaned by the sun and natural ionization, blown by the wind, and moistened by rain. But can we create such conditions in our home to purify the air? Airing and vacuuming alone will not be enough: they are not able to destroy dust and decay products: carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia and much more. Of course, there is a solution - buy such an air purifier device. If we talk about how an air purifier works, then everything is simple. The air in the room passes through the device, and dust, allergens, lint, tobacco smoke, chemical substances settle on its filters. Manufacturers now offer various devices: with carbon or HEPA filter, plasma, ionizing, photocatalytic and air washers.

Let’s say right away that the cost of such a device is not low. And besides, decide best cleaner air for the home is not so simple. Therefore, if you have skillful hands, we suggest you create the device yourself.

How to make an air purifier from dust?

The proposed air purifier is an air wash, where water acts as a filter, which cleans the air of allergens, dust, and dirt. As a result, the air is not only purified, but also humidified. In addition, water is the cheapest filter.

To create your own air purifier you will need:

• plastic container with a lid;
• fan, you can use a cooler from a computer power supply;
• power supply for connecting to the network;
• screws.

That's all! To enhance the effect, you can put a silver item in the water.

Related articles:

How to permanently get rid of annoying dust in your apartment

Every housewife at least once in her life has asked the question “how to get rid of the unfortunate dust in the apartment for a long time?” Dust particles constantly hover in the air and within half an hour after cleaning they settle on furniture and interior items. It is unlikely that it will be possible to get rid of dust in the house forever, but any housewife can reduce its amount.

Read in this article:

Eliminating dust collectors

Dust not only spoils appearance home, but also harms the health of the people living in it. The highest concentration of dust occurs in the first 1.5 m above floor level, so the child’s body suffers much more from it.

In order to eliminate dust, you need to try to get rid of its sources as much as possible.

Homemade air purifier for home

For this:

• Avoid floor and wall rugs unless you can vacuum them at least once every two days.
• Give to friends or throw away items you don't use. An old coat that you have never worn, or a bag that has been hanging idle in the hallway for the third year in a row are typical dust collectors.
• Reduce the quantity decorative elements in the interior. All kinds of boxes, figurines, Stuffed Toys accumulate dust and make the cleaning process more difficult. If you find it difficult to give up some mementos, hide them in a closet or behind glass.
• Remove bulky curtains and replace them with more sleek ones. The best option– close the windows using horizontal blinds, which are easy to clean and do not accumulate dust.
• Remove products made from natural wool, replace natural bedspreads and pillow fillings with synthetic ones.

Preventing dust

If you are wondering how to get rid of dust in your apartment, you should know that preventing dust from appearing is much easier than removing it from carpets, furniture, valuables, etc.

To ensure that dust is a rare guest in your home, you need to follow simple but effective instructions:

• Ventilate the room as often as possible. In order for there to be as little dust as possible, and for all family members to have excellent health, it is necessary to refresh the air in the apartment at least every hour.
• Provide good ventilation premises, install the hood above gas stove. Ideally, odors from the kitchen and fumes from the bathroom should not spread throughout the house.
• The temperature in the house should be maintained at 18-20 degrees. The apartment should not be too dry, but there should also not be excessive humidity.

• Buy a humidifier. Don't skimp on this device. Remember that a high-quality air humidifier equipped with filters can absorb up to 75% of dust in the air.
• Chemicals that are poured into air humidifiers can also be used against ticks. Attention! Chemicals against dust mites can harm some types of pets, such as amphibians and fish. Therefore, before purchasing liquid, be sure to consult a veterinarian.
• Store books in cabinets behind glass.
• Remember that dust mites are afraid of cold and heat. For this purpose, it is recommended to iron bed linen as often as possible with a hot iron.
• Ventilate the bed fresh air. Place it outside: in summer - in sunny weather, in winter - in dry and frosty weather. Ultraviolet light destroys dust mites and decomposes their waste products, which are dangerous not only for allergy sufferers, but also for healthy people.
• In order to prevent dust from entering from the street during ventilation, cover Mosquito nets gauze soaked in water.

Systematic cleaning

Regular cleaning also helps control dust. To ensure your home literally smells clean, follow these rules:

• Don't forget to wipe the dust in hard to reach places: on cornices, fireplace grates, baseboards, computer and TV screens, cabinets. At least once a month, go over the walls with a damp cloth: dust also settles on them, although it is not as noticeable as on horizontal surfaces.
• Beat carpets and bedspreads at least twice a year. Together with carpets you can beat out and upholstered furniture. Fortunately, you don't have to take your sofas and armchairs outside. To prevent dust from getting into the air, before knocking out furniture, cover it with gauze soaked in water. In this case, the dust will not settle on surrounding objects, but will remain on the fabric.

• If you still haven’t managed to give up your favorite curtains, provide them with proper care. It is convenient to treat curtains using a steamer. Under influence of this device the fabric is smoothed, dust disappears, pathogenic bacteria die.
• Pay attention to plants and pets. Veterinarians say: a pet is one of the main sources of dust in the house. Wipe your pets' paws after every walk, systematically comb the animals, regardless of the length of their fur. Wipe the leaves of the plants periodically with a damp cloth and spray with water from a spray bottle.
• Wipe smooth furniture surfaces (cabinets, tables, bedside tables, etc.) with a cloth moistened with an antistatic agent. Polish with an antistatic effect is not recommended for use in homes where allergy sufferers live.

• Vacuum carpets, bedspreads, floor coverings and fur products at least once a week. Open the windows wide while the vacuum cleaner is running. Unfortunately, most modern vacuum cleaners are designed in such a way that mites, sucked along with dust into the vacuum cleaner pipe, are immediately thrown back through the outlet.

  In order to rid your home of dust mites, buy special filters for your vacuum cleaner, for example, HEPA. A good purchase would also be washing vacuum cleaner with aquafilter.

Helpers in the fight against dust

Special devices and products that can be bought at any store will help you get rid of dust in your apartment. These include:

Humidifier

In a room with humidified air, it is much easier to combat dust. Dust stops flying randomly in the air and settles on the floor and furniture, where it can be quickly removed with a rag or vacuum cleaner.

Vacuum cleaner

A vacuum cleaner with an aqua filter will allow you to remove dust not only from the surface being treated, but also from the air. Thanks to a good vacuum cleaner, a dust-free room will sparkle with new colors.

Chlorophytum

A plant that, according to knowledgeable people, can reduce the amount of dust in the room.

Hygrometer

A hygrometer is used to monitor the humidity in the home. If the humidity level is exceeded, ordinary household dust can turn into a dangerous reagent, not to mention the appearance of mold.

Membranes for windows

Devices that protect your home from dust particles and dangerous allergens entering it from the street. High-quality window membranes prevent bacteria, pollen, smog, insects, mold, etc. from entering your home.

"Air washing"

A modern device that passes all the air in the room through itself and cleans it of dust particles. “Air washing” is especially effective in homes where dust is difficult to get rid of using available means, for example, in recently renovated premises and new buildings.

When choosing an “air washer”, pay attention to the area of ​​the room and the goals you set for yourself.

Thus, some devices effectively humidify the air, others help get rid of bacteria and unpleasant odors, and others ionize the air in the apartment and disinfect it. If you want to get rid of dust, it is recommended to buy those “washers” that effectively cope with the tasks of purifying and humidifying the air.

Thus, getting rid of annoying dust in the house is a rather painstaking and long process. However, following all of the above recommendations and systematic cleaning will ultimately lead you to the long-awaited result - the complete elimination of dust in the apartment.

How to make your own air purifier

Air in the apartment

Ozonation of indoor air, benefits and harm

Air ozonation - treatment procedure environment active oxygen - ozone. Ozone is poisonous and in high concentrations not only harms health, but can also be fatal.

Dry air in the apartment, consequences

Dry indoor air can reduce immunity; all cells suffer from a lack of oxygen and become dehydrated.

Ionization of air in an apartment: benefit or harm?

Ionized air has no odor, but creates a feeling of fresh, clean air in the room; is this beneficial or harmful?

How to dehumidify the air in an apartment yourself

A dehumidifier is used to dry the air. It is necessary in apartments and houses where the humidity percentage exceeds 60%.

Checking the air humidity in your home

You can determine the humidity in an apartment using several methods. The easiest way is to go buy measuring device, which is called a hygrometer.

What should the air humidity be in a living space?

For comfortable stay The humidity in the apartment must be maintained at least 40−60%.

How to increase air humidity in an apartment without a humidifier

If ventilation can be provided at any time and completely free of charge, then with humidification the problem is somewhat more acute, since air humidifiers cost money, and a lot of it.

What should the air humidity be in our apartment?

The norm of air humidity in an apartment and what its violation can lead to, how to achieve the norm

Dry air in the apartment, what to do?

If the air in the apartment is dry, how to humidify it in the room and why do you need to humidify the air in the room?

Humidifying the air in the apartment yourself

Why is air humidification in the apartment so important?

A lot of bad things can happen to the human body due to dry air.

How to choose air purifiers for an apartment

How to choose the best air purifier for your apartment, an air purifier can ensure the cleanliness and safety of the air space.

Air filtration from harmful vapors, carbon monoxide and various odors has important in any ventilation system industrial enterprises, medical, administrative and public institutions and residential complexes. For large areas Industrial carbon filters with high performance are used for cleaning. But what about residents of private houses and cottages? Buying equipment is expensive and requires professional installation. You can make a carbon filter for your hood with your own hands, the main thing is to know the principle of operation and its features.

When the filter reaches the end of its lifespan, replace with my own hands won't be very expensive

Air purifier and how it works

A standard air filtration system includes a conventional fan and sequentially installed purification barriers. Depending on the class of pollution there are following types preventing pollution:

• mechanical coarse filter, retains large dust elements of at least 0.3 microns;
• electrostatic, eliminates small dust particles from 0.01 microns and aerosol vapors by charging contaminant elements;
• photocatalytic works on the principle of decomposition of chemical elements and destroys bacteria using UV radiation;
• with activated carbon, designed to remove all gaseous contaminants, acting on the principle of adsorption;
• biofilters are used to remove gas pollution;
• antistatic, as a rule, these are all kinds of sprays or additives in the air washer;
• For compressed air, used for industrial purposes to remove oil and water vapor.

Activated carbon is a form of carbon in pure form, has a porous water-repellent surface. This property allows for better odor removal since it does not absorb water. The activated carbon used has 3 various sizes por, this is due to the raw materials: wood, nut shells or coal. The largest number of pores has coal obtained from nut shells.

How to assemble a filter device with your own hands

Currently, in order to save Money, All more people began to remember the stagnant times and make various devices on their own. Let's consider how you can assemble a filter with your own hands, since there are a lot of varieties, we will analyze each type step by step.

1. Making a carbon filter with your own hands is very simple. You need to take 2 cylindrical containers or sewer pipes different diameters. Use a drill to make perforations. Wrap the outside of each separately with agro-fabric, securing it well with clamps. Insert one container into another and pour carbon granules between them, you get a cylindrical carbon filter. Seal the ends tightly so that the air flow, passing through the holes, exits into the ventilation duct. A fan is installed on one side and a ventilation outlet on the other.
2. You can make a carbon cleaner yourself by using waste air filter from truck. To do this, you need to take it, disassemble it without damaging the mesh, and reduce the internal diameter to fit the required fan. Usually a fan with a diameter of up to 100 mm is used. Pour activated carbon between the meshes and wrap the outside with cloth.
3. A hydrofilter can be made using a steam generator or compact discs; the operating principle is based on humidification. Similar design implies passing air flow through a container of water and due to the attraction of dust particles, it is cleaned and comes out wet. Ideal for air purification in dry rooms.
4. Roll filter, made from fibrous materials. It's very easy to make. Wrap a roll of fabric on any mesh twisted to fit the diameter of the fan and the cleaner is ready for use.
5. The smoke filter is quite simple to make and can be made small enough to be used on a desktop. A fan can be mounted in any case or plastic box, maybe from a computer. Holes are cut out on the body for air supply. A carbon filter sheet is placed next to the fan, possibly in several layers.

Various homemade products work no worse than factory ones, the main thing is to maintain safety in places where they are connected to electricity, especially in devices using water.

Use in everyday life

Before purchasing such a device for your home, you need to understand its design and operating principle. There are several types of filters:

• window, installed directly on window frame, opens as needed;
• mainline, used to obtain clean air in a house or cottage. Mounted in common system ventilation. Carbon main filters are often used in industrial premises, for point connection;
• for the kitchen above the stove or in other words, a hood. The most commonly used filter fine cleaning air.

When installing in a hood, the main preference is given to carbon filters to remove odor, which is always present above the stove. Exhaust systems They work on the principle of recycling, since in addition to soot and grease vapors, it is necessary to remove various small contaminants.

Carbon filters work most effectively to remove odors from the air. Having an adsorbing property, a carbon filter for hoods removes not only odor, but also the smallest particles of soot and dirt.

Except kitchen hood install smoke extractors for cottages and private houses. The presence of boiler rooms and furnaces provokes the presence carbon monoxide, to eliminate it in these rooms, it is advisable to use activated carbon filtration. During low-rise construction, many people forget to lay ventilation ducts. Subsequently, an autonomous highway is laid, passing through all the premises. Either separate air purification devices for the home or one common filter with a floating load are connected to it.

Application in industrial premises

Clean air is necessary not only at home, but also at work. The environmental situation at the location of the enterprise depends on this. IN production premises main compressed air filters are used that have a large throughput And high degree cleaning. Industrial filters consist of fibers distributed in such a way that dirt particles accumulate as they pass through their layers. Used in production sector cleaning devices can be divided into 2 types:

• preliminary – deep electrostatic and dry fine fiber;
• mesh - equipped with irrigation and capable of self-cleaning.

To normalize work ventilation system In industrial premises, a special air pressure regulator filter is installed to reduce the air pressure in the line and maintain it in a certain range.

The use of activated carbon filters is very extensive, since human health completely depends on the cleanliness of the air and the sorbing properties are undeniable. Even a car will not move without oxygen purified to the proper level. Dust and harmful gases constantly hover in the air, so you shouldn’t skimp on your own health and install a carbon filter for the air. Not only the kitchen needs exhaust device, any room is worthy of an air filter for an apartment or a private home.

Human health directly depends on the air that enters the lungs. There are soaring in the atmosphere chemical elements due to emissions from enterprises, transport and other sources of pollution. To breathe clean air, you can buy an air purifier for your home or make one yourself.

All cleaners work the same. They clean the air from small dust particles. They use a filter through which polluted air passes. After filtration, the fan blows clean air out.

Popular filters:

• aquatic,
• electrostatic,
• coal.

Having two options, buy a device or build it yourself, let’s consider the second of them. You won’t be able to make a multifunctional purifier at home, but you can build simple model Can.

Options for homemade devices

Before designing a purifier, it is worth considering climatic conditions in the room where it will be used. For example, for a room with normal humidity, But big amount For dust, a cleaner is suitable, for the manufacture of which you can take a filter from a car.

Devices for dry rooms

In rooms with dry air, the purifier has an additional task of humidification. For man comfortable humidity is 40–60%.

Even a beginner can build a homemade purifier. For this you need a plastic container and a computer cooler. The action plan will be like this:

1. Cut two holes in a plastic container. They are needed for the fan and the outlet of purified air.
2. Screw the cooler to the lid of the plastic container. Self-tapping screws are suitable for this.
3. Connect the fan to the power supply. You can use a 5V or 12V unit. The greater the power of the unit, the higher the speed will be. The efficiency of the unit depends on this.
4. Place microfiber cloth pieces inside the container. It can be replaced with any fabric with high density. To place them inside the cleaner, stretch the fishing line in several rows.
5. Place the fabric so that it does not touch the sides of the container. This is necessary for free movement of air to the outlet. As air passes through the purifier, dust will remain on the damp cloth. To increase cleaning efficiency, make additional holes on the side walls of the container above the water level to hang the fabric.

Devices for wet rooms

Premises with high level humidity brings inconvenience to its owners. This is a breeding ground for microbes, fungi and bacteria. High humidity air damages property. This is especially true for furniture. To combat this problem, you need a device that will dry the air. Here you need regular table salt.

Before using salt, dry it in the oven. This will help her fully fulfill her functions.

When constructing a purifier for drying and purifying air, use the same instructions as when constructing a purifier for dry rooms. With the exception of the fan, the power of which should be 5V. Otherwise, the salt will scatter throughout the container. Change the water to a 3–4 cm layer of salt.

You can increase the coefficient useful action cleaner if you replace the salt with silica gel. It absorbs moisture better. Silica gel is non-toxic. This substance can be found in shoe boxes.

Use silica gel carefully if there is a child in the house. The baby may be poisoned by the substance.

Spread silica gel Chinese online stores in various packaging. The main advantage is using a small amount to get the same effect.

Silica gel is colored in Blue colour, which works as an indicator. The substance changes color to pink when the amount of moisture reaches its maximum. Crystals can be reused. To do this, silica gel is dried in microwave oven for eight minutes. The power of the microwave oven during drying should be minimal.

Device with carbon filter

In rooms with the smell of cigarette smoke, activated carbon is used as a filter. It removes from the air toxic substances. To make an air purifier with your own hands, follow the algorithm:

1. Trim sewer pipe 200 mm to 77 mm. A pipe that is inserted inside measuring 150 mm should be up to 75 mm. Remove burrs from all cuts.
2. Point the thick side of the pipe upward. Cut the edging for maximum fit to the plug.
3. Do it on the inner pipe maximum amount holes.
4. Make holes with a diameter of 30 mm on the outer pipe.
5. Don't throw away waste. These will make spacers.
6. Cover both pipes with agrofibre. Sew agrofibre to secure it. For reliability, use nylon thread.
7. Cover the outer pipe with paint mesh. Sew the mesh using two clamps.
8. Sew the entire length of the mesh.
9. Remove excess mesh and agrofibre with nippers and scissors.
10. Wrap the inner pipe with agrofibre, but first wrap it with metal mesh.
11. Secure the edges with metal tape or a blowtorch.
12. Insert the inner pipe into the plug and secure it with mineral wool or construction foam. Install the pipe strictly in the center. You can take spacers.
13. Install the elements of the inner pipe into the outer pipe.
14. Fill the filter with activated carbon. Any coal can be used.
15. Clean the coal from dust. To do this you need to sift it through a sieve.

Fill the coal so that no voids are formed. To fill the filter you will need 2 kg of activated carbon. To fill the structure evenly, shake it periodically.

Close the tube with coal with the adapter. The adapter will be a cover for it. Seal the resulting gap with sealant.

When the sealant is completely dry, install a duct fan into the adapter. Insert it so that air is drawn into the purifier and passes through the device, blowing back into the room. In your home, the filter can be installed in the supply ventilation duct.

To make an air purifier with your own hands, follow the presented devices. You can fill your apartment with clean air while saving money. It is enough to have primitive ones at hand Construction Materials and the desire to make the house cleaner.

The principle of operation of a do-it-yourself air purifier for the home, which anyone can make, is the same as a commercial device - polluted air passes through the device (a filtration system or a single filter) and the cleaning process occurs.

Some filters may use atypical, rare additions to cleaning - air ionization, air processing infrared radiation and others. Such additions are considered unitary (highly specialized) and only partially enhance the effect of cleaning using the standard method.

DIY device manufacturing options

Anyone can make a filter for air purification with their own hands. You just need to decide in advance about the conditions in which it will work and choose the filtration filler that is suitable for you.

DIY air purifier for dry rooms. Dry rooms are rooms where the humidity is less than 30%. It is very important to try to increase the overall humidity level, and in no case reduce it. Take a small water container and fill it halfway.

Place a computer cooler or fan that runs at low speed at one end of the container. Secure the “air supply system” so that it cannot get into water - this can lead to a short circuit in the electrical network. Thanks to the interaction (penetration) of air with water, it is purified, and the process of increasing humidity also occurs. Can be filled hot water into the container, thus saturating the entire room with steam.

For wet rooms. Wet areas(humidity level is more than 60 - 75%) it is better not to additionally moisten. For an air purifier, instead of water, as described above, you can use standard kitchen salt.

The properties of salt allow it to absorb moisture and clean. To prevent the salt from flying away from the air flow, it should be covered with gauze or any other material that would prevent it from breaking into small grains.

WITH carbon filter. You can make your own purifier with a carbon filter if you have a sufficient amount of activated carbon. Place the coal inside the container and make small holes in it (you can use a corner).

The "fan" should be placed so that it blows air out of the container rather than blowing air into it. Next, you need to cover the container with a cloth so that the “fan” blows out only the air that can enter through the small holes where the coal is located.

Important! For greater efficiency, such a purifier can be raised so that it is easier for it to take in air from the bottom of the container. Coal does not affect indoor humidity in any way.

Rules for using the device

1. The device should not be too noisy; loud noise indicates difficulties with the air supply (the engine “chokes” and begins to operate at high speeds). This may also indicate an unsuccessful fastening of the fan itself.
2. The filtration media must be changed periodically; Don't forget about it! Homemade filter will not be able to personally remind you of this procedure! It is recommended to put a notification on your mobile phone about the date of replacement of the filter media.
3. Try not to leave homemade devices for air purification without supervision. Any electrical appliance (especially a homemade one) requires special vigilance and care when operating it and, if possible, should not be left unattended. As for homemade air purifiers, they must be supervised throughout the entire period of their operation.