How to conduct career guidance for children. Career guidance at school: is it necessary? Or: what will our children grow up to be? From a young age

Career guidance... It turns out that this term has not just survived all the cataclysms that have occurred over the past quarter century. He takes his rightful place. And not only in our vocabulary.

Despite the increasingly complex situation on the labor market, more sophisticated recruitment technologies and incredible competition, the issue of preparing a modern schoolchild for adult life is not removed from the agenda.

But what will happen when the children who leave school begin to make a choice? Did the school help them choose their future profession? Did someone teach them to protect their labor rights, communicate with the employer, undergo an interview, write a resume, etc.?

How it was before

It was simple and clear. The boys were taught male professions, and girls - female. The forms of work in this direction were very diverse. The result of such career guidance bore fruit. The country was famous for its achievements at different stages.

Yes, not all children, upon reaching adulthood, became seamstresses, cooks or mechanics, although school practice brought many into the world. But many could use this knowledge in any area of ​​life in adulthood.

What are they teaching in school now?

The domestic school is not particularly lucky, because... she happened to live in an era of change. And not all parents like them. Alas, there are doubts that the current generation of young Russians will succeed at all, will be able to study, find a profession they like and then get a job...

What's the matter and who's to blame? Probably a little bit of everything. The family hopes for school. That’s why stones fly more often in her direction, because at one time she played a big role in choosing a profession.

But now vocational guidance classes are voluntary. Children choose certain lessons if they want. If they don’t want to, they can study in circles dedicated to modern professions.

In some places schools organize classes within additional education. True, again, children’s interest is limited by the capabilities of the school and parents.

There are educational institutions where they even conduct experiments in the form of special medical classes, preparing future doctors from school.

Experts console that, they say, modern system awakens a child’s early interest in different professional fields. Yes and total subjects are gradually being reduced, everything is focused on passing the State Examination in the 10th grade and the Unified State Exam in the eleventh grade.

As a result, education experts say, this entails significant specialization, including in the selection future profession. And now graduates are no longer asked, as before, where they would like to go. What do they want to become - that is the question.

Who influences the choice of profession more: types of career guidance

The family operates in a certain way, more so than the school. And this is obvious, because parents have more influence on the child. At the same time, the basic specialization obtained at school makes it possible for attentive teachers to see both strengths and weak sides wards.

But, as experts say, children themselves must make their own choices. Who will they listen to at this moment - family, school? If the opinions are consistent, it will be easier to identify the child’s professional inclinations.

True, again, as experts say, school career guidance is now divorced from educational process. Although there are schools where it is preserved. But who teaches such lessons there? Specialists representing different professions? No. This could happen in different ways.

For example, at school, for each student, something like a dossier is created with information about his academic performance and behavior, examples of his work and, possibly, a resume. Then those interested in the future workforce make their contribution - the employment center, universities, which will simulate the moment of hiring, tell you what employers usually pay attention to, and what the applicant needs to be able to do.

Without a doubt, such modeling will not harm. But will it help you decide on your choice of profession? Perhaps, but only if a particular school involves as much as possible in this process more specialists, which will introduce children to this or that profession in great detail.

There is another form of career guidance that can benefit schoolchildren. It's a game. It can be psychological, i.e. aimed at clarifying the psychograms of children, or ordinary business training, which is designed to develop certain qualities in the child and introduce him to the basics of professions, or practical training - visiting enterprises, communicating with specialized specialists, etc.

Will anything change in school career guidance?

Quite possible. In any case, the topic is being raised. So in the summer there was a proposal to return career guidance to school. The idea was supported even in the Federation Council, where they believe that this will allow children to be more conscious in their choices future specialty, choose the vector of your development.

Here they noted the positive experience of school career guidance in Soviet times and wanted to adapt this practice to modern conditions, introduces children to professions and methods of production. But for now things are still there.

Do we and our children need all this? Probably yes. After all, they will someday have to realize their abilities and talents given by God, and move wherever the country calls. This means they must be prepared for this moment.

Therefore, no matter how trivial it may sound, everything needs to be done to develop a clear strategy for conducting a variety of events (lessons, conferences, conversations, debates, round tables etc., thematic excursions, etc.), development of career guidance lessons, etc.

And this should not be done at the level specific school. The state must restore order in this area. Changes must affect everyone. After all we're talking about about the future of the country...

Every parent dreams of seeing their child successful person. It is the family that must prompt and guide the child in the right direction, to recognize the beginnings of talent in a certain area. But currently there is a large number of specializations. Often, when choosing a future profession, this confuses not only teenagers, but also adults. For such cases, a special test has been developed, and many parents ask the question: “Where to take a career guidance test in Moscow?” To do this, just contact our French psychological and pedagogical center “Socrates”.

In the process of professional guidance, it is important to study many components of personality, namely:

• Dominant type of thinking;
• Type of higher nervous activity;
• Degree of social adaptation;
• Level of social giftedness;
• Level intellectual abilities;
• Child's giftedness in various areas activities;
• Motivation structure;
• Level of self-esteem.

Taking into account all the components of the child’s psychological portrait, the specialist will be able to most accurately select a future profession that will allow the teenager to realize himself as a highly qualified specialist.

This type of testing is especially relevant for teenagers who are faced with choosing higher educational institutions. Thanks to multifactorial assessment psychological portrait, we can recommend a list of universities and the level of educational load that will be optimal for each child individually. Competent and individual approach to choosing a future profession is the key to a happy future for your child.

What is a career guidance test?

Career guidance testing is an event in which, through tests and tasks of various types, a child is selected for a future profession. When choosing a place to undergo career guidance, it is important to consider that its specialists take an individual approach and do not act in a formulaic manner. Psychologists at the Socrates Center use not only tests from the international scientific community, but also methods of personal interaction with the child. Therefore, our results reliably reflect professional opportunities teenager.

How is the career aptitude test administered?

If a child feels difficulties in choosing a future profession, it is not recommended to make a choice at random. At worst, you may end up with a dissatisfied person who hates his job with all his heart. In this situation, it is important to contact a competent clinical psychologist in a timely manner. You can undergo career guidance in Moscow in our psychological pedagogical center"Socrates", which employs leading clinical psychologists.

Career guidance testing includes a battery of tests, both written and oral. The testing format is determined by the psychologist during the first meeting. Thanks to dialogue with a psychologist, more deep appreciation all facets of a teenager's personality.

The testing determines in which areas the teenager is most interested and capable. At the end of the study, the child and his parents are provided with a list of professions that best suit his personality type.

Work with children in our Socrates center takes place in 3 stages:

• The first meeting is an introduction between the clinical psychologist, the child and his parents. During this meeting, the specialist determines the range of problems, builds rough plan work, gently prepares the child for work and begins the testing procedure;
• The second meeting is the continuation and completion of testing. The child is offered a variety of tasks in oral and written form. It's pretty exciting process, so testing takes place in a relaxed manner and does not make the child nervous. After the second meeting, the specialist conducts an in-depth analysis of all the collected information - from the child’s first spoken phrases and gestures to analysis quantitative indicators passed test tasks. Analytical work a psychologist takes from 8 to 12 hours;
• The third meeting is the announcement of the test results to the child and parents. The psychologist gives recommendations regarding not only the future profession, but also activities in clubs and sections that will allow the child to develop as much as possible. best sides. A further plan of work with children and their parents is determined, and it is possible to draw up an individual correctional and developmental program.

Repeated meetings between the child and a specialist from our center are a key component of diagnosis. Psychologists often encounter the problem of isolation in children and adolescents. With each new meeting the barrier in communication between the psychologist and the child is reduced, which makes it possible to assess his psychological portrait as accurately as possible. As a result, this tactic allows the specialist to make more competent recommendations regarding each client. That is why, to answer the question “Where can a schoolchild get career guidance?”, we suggest the Socrates psychological and pedagogical center.

Why choose the psychological diagnostic center “Socrates”

Before choosing where to take a career guidance test, it is important to study information about the center where you want to apply. Determining professional orientation requires an individual approach. The personality of every child and teenager is not only interesting, but also very complex, so only experienced specialist. Our center employs leading clinical psychologists with many years of experience. They pay Special attention to every client.

If you wish, you can take a trial free version online testing on our center’s website http://site/test.

In addition to the career guidance test, the Socrates center offers other types of testing that will help the family in raising a successful person:

• Diagnosis and correction of disorders of personal development and behavior of children and adolescents;
• Level of intelligence of children and adolescents;
• Leading trends in personal development;
• The child's readiness for school;
• The child’s readiness to study in specialized classes or to study abroad;
• Determination of the dominant type of thinking;
• Determining the child’s aptitudes and special abilities.

Any parent wants to help their child, and every child from childhood hears the question: “what do you want to become when you grow up?” Providing assistance to adolescents and young people in preparing to choose a profession, taking into account their personality characteristics, is called career guidance. Specialists have a large arsenal necessary technologies, which include diagnostic techniques, conversation, group training work and many others. There are special career guidance camps, centers and other institutions where various specialists work - teachers, psychologists, etc. Most of these institutions and events are designed for teenagers due to the fact that children should already have an understanding of the world of professions. Modern Russian system education is structured in such a way that high school Often classes are already divided into profiles, and children are required to decide which profile exams they will take.

Professional information

One of the most important areas career guidance work - professional information. The child must understand how diverse the world of professions is, how specific each of them is. Often in my work I come across questions from teenagers: “What specialties even exist?”, and this is true serious problem. Children cannot choose a profession not because they cannot decide on their interests and desires, but because they have no idea what to choose from. In older adolescence, it is necessary to engage in professional information, but you can do it earlier, starting from when children absorb information like a sponge and want to try on all the roles. When providing a child with information about different professions, it is important to ensure that professional information does not develop into profagitation; information must be objective and unbiased.

Getting to know the world of professions

Becomes the leading activity in children after 3 years. Preschoolers try out different roles, among which you can often find professional roles: playing a salesman, a doctor, a policeman, a teacher. If you do not interfere with the child in such games, but support him, then already at this age you can notice some trends in professional self-determination. Some children will be happy to sell pieces of paper, others will count the “money” they receive, some will enjoy the opportunity to communicate with other people, while some kids would rather draw alone, for example, “entrance tickets to the theater.” Based on this choice of a child, one can determine not even the scope or focus, but only the general nature of the activity suitable for the child. Of course, in 10-15 years this child will be a completely different person, but, for example, temperament will remain the same - this is an innate set of mental properties, which subsequently becomes the basis for character formation.

The older the child gets, the more detailed you can introduce him to the world of professions. If a child shows interest in a particular specialty, you can ask someone you know who works in this field to tell the child about their specialty, give them a tour of the place of work, talk about the specifics of the activity, and perhaps let the child try to do something on their own. . Even if the child subsequently chooses a completely different profession, vivid impressions about the adventure when he found himself, for example, as an assistant cook for a couple of hours, he will remember for the rest of his life.

But it’s not worth loading a child until they reach early adolescence. Firstly, most questionnaires are designed for late adolescence, and some for adolescence. Secondly, all diagnostic methods are based on the principle of choosing between some proposed types of activities, which means that the child should already have an idea about most professions. Often psychologists are faced with situations where, during diagnostic work, most of the time is spent explaining to a teenager the names of professions and the principles of this work. Thirdly, diagnosis is a rather boring process for a child, which means it will not be productive.

It is difficult to overestimate the benefits of early career guidance: try yourself in different types activity is very useful. The sooner you identify yourself and find out what is interesting to do, the more time you will have to train these abilities, to prepare for the main choice in life. Then, by the end of school, the choice of specialty and educational institution will be much more thoughtful, conscious and productive.

Ekaterina Safonova

Natalya Postnikova

Amazing country of childhood! You can dream about your future, for example, who to be. Make your dream come true games: today a doctor, tomorrow a banker and even the President...

Preschool age is most favorable for pedagogical influence. Kids learn to love work, respect any type of human activity, get acquainted with the simplest, but most characteristic features professions, acquire skills that will be developed at school. A system of measures aimed at identifying personal characteristics, interests and abilities of each person to assist him in making wise choices professions, most corresponding to it individual capabilities- That's what it is vocational guidance.

Vocational guidance for preschoolers– this is a wide field of activity for teachers, a new and yet unexplored direction preschool pedagogy. Preschool establishment is the first step in the formation basic knowledge O professions. It is in kindergarten that children become acquainted with the diversity and wide choice professions. Familiarization with the work of adults and the world around them occurs already in the youngest preschool age , when children through fairy tales, communication with adults and means mass media learn about different professions. We believe that dating preschoolers with professions not only expands children’s general awareness of the world around them and their horizons, but also forms in them a certain elementary experience professional actions, promotes early vocational guidance.

Children's thirst for knowledge is enormous. As it develops, it is transferred to various actions, the work of people, their professions. Career guidance work in kindergarten is based on conducting classes using pictures depicting different people professions, their jobs, tools. To consolidate knowledge on this topic, educators read to children fiction, study with them poems, riddles, proverbs and sayings about work. To systematize children's ideas and form value attitude educational and game situations are used to the results of human labor, for example, "Let's learn how to wash a cup", "Merry talkers" etc.

Preschool age is an emotional-imaginative stage, when knowledge about specific forms of labor, professions accumulate through visual perception, interpretation of images, pupils have the opportunity to observe the work of children’s employees garden: teachers, nurse, manager, cook, janitor. At the same time, teachers try to draw the children’s attention to the fact that the entire preschool educational institution team works in a friendly, harmonious manner, all adults make sure that the children here feel warm, comfortable and interesting.

Role-playing games help to understand the social significance of work. It is in the plot- role playing games information about professional activities of adults, consolidates the knowledge acquired during educational and joint activities. In progress career guidance role-playing game imitates production scenes, professional social environment, models professional behavior, models of interpersonal professional relations. Career guidance role-playing game, in general, knowledge about professional activities of adults is transformed into experience accessible to the child, through which this knowledge is appropriated by the child. The fact that this knowledge is sufficiently developed is evidenced by the fact that children willingly take on a leading role, correctly perform role-playing actions, and can independently choose equipment and game attributes.

Successful implementation of the above forms of work with children is impossible without organizing correct and appropriate age characteristics career guidance- subject-developmental environment.

Career guidance education of pupils has become one of the areas of work of the kindergarten team. Our task: in an accessible form, give children knowledge about professions. The work is based on an organizational and content model early career guidance for preschoolers.

We carry out systematic work to familiarize children with various professions. We have developed a series of excursions for the entire academic year. Excursion routes were developed together with parents. Teachers and children systematically visit various enterprises. Such excursions began to be organized with an acquaintance with fire station No. 64. This academic year we have already visited the airport "Bugulma", on railway station "Bugulma", in library, local history museum. Children were able to learn the basics firefighter profession, librarian, driver.

In this way, we prepare children so that in due time - no matter how distant that time may seem to us now - they can boldly enter into independent life. So we want our children:

understood that labor and work occupy a very important place in people’s lives, that labor is, in fact, the basis of life;

respected everyone who works and valued the fruits of their labor;

get to know what different people do professions, with the help of some tools and machines, and what happens as a result;

were ready to work themselves - because they like it and find it interesting, and because it is necessary;

would learn to work, mastering the necessary skills, would work, benefiting people, and would develop their working abilities.

Publications on the topic:

Cycle of observations “Early Autumn” 1. Theme “Weather in early autumn” common goal observation systems: - Develop in children the ability to independently identify the first signs of autumn.

Abstract of the educational activity on speech development “Early Spring” Outline plan directly educational activities with preschoolers Topic: “ Early spring» Integration educational areas: educational.

Summary of the open event “Early Autumn” Municipal preschool educational institution « Kindergarten combined type No. 167" Leninsky district, Saratov city Abstract.

Lesson in the preparatory school group “Military. Children about professions” Goal: to continue to introduce children to the world of professions. Tasks: 1.

Early correctional and pedagogical work with children with disabilities A child develops in the process of communicating with an adult. This process is based on emotional contact, which gradually develops into cooperation.

Early vocational guidance for preschool children System update preschool education puts before modern teachers the task of educating preschoolers with the prerequisites for a “new person”,