How to choose the right PVC windows. How to choose high-quality plastic windows for an apartment and for a private house - expert recommendations. Insidious window traps in new buildings

Probably, there is no need to prove to anyone that plastic windows with double-glazed windows in terms of their performance qualities have long and firmly taken a leading position in the competition with old ones wooden frames. Advantages - in almost all respects, from thermal conductivity and noise absorption to maximum ease of use and aesthetics.

Owners of apartments and private houses old building at the slightest opportunity they try to replace imperfect ones wooden structures for modern windows. At first glance, there are no problems with this; in any region there are many large and small companies working in this field. But can everyone be trusted, and are the windows offered for purchase of equal value? Alas, in this segment of the construction business there are many "pitfalls", and the external similarity of the windows does not at all indicate their identical quality and operational characteristics. Therefore, before making a final decision and signing an installation contract, you need to clearly understand how to choose PVC windows so as not to be disappointed in them after a few months.

Such windows entered the everyday life of Russians relatively recently. But even during these 15 ÷ 20 years, like probably any outlandish novelty, they managed to “grow” with a whole bunch of mythological rumors, both immoderately extolling their qualities and unfairly attributing to them non-existent vices. First, let's try to clarify this issue.

What they say about PVC windows, and is this really true?

• It happens common the opinion that the installation plastic windows with double-glazed windows completely solves the issue of thermal insulation - they completely block the path to the cold.

Alas, not everything is so rosy. Create a completely heat-proof light transmitting the design is very difficult, although high-quality double-glazed windows and a reliable sealing system can significantly increase the thermal resistance of the window. However, any window design also involves installation seams, which always, to some extent, serve as “cold bridges.”

What we can say with confidence in this matter is that the level of insulation of premises with the installation of high-quality plastic windows will increase significantly.

• The next “myth” is that the air is completely pumped out from the space between the glasses, creating a vacuum there.

This statement is not true. In fact, the air is partially pumped out, creating an area inside low blood pressure. This is necessary for better sealing - external atmospheric pressure presses the glass as tightly as possible to the seals. This also gives the effect of increasing heat and soundproofing qualities By the way, for the same purposes, some manufacturers use the practice of pumping inert gases into this space, which creates a special, “layered” atmosphere inside the glass unit, which effectively dampens sound waves.

• How do you feel about the statement that installing double-glazed windows provides absolute suppression of noise from the street?

You can’t completely believe in this either. Increasingly PVC construction windows “cuts off” high frequencies, but low-frequency noise, which also spreads through vibration, unfortunately, finds its way. So, if construction equipment is working outside the window, or there is a busy highway nearby, then the noise cannot be avoided.

Manufacturers are constantly working to improve the design, but have not yet been able to completely solve this problem.

• A closed PVC window provides complete sealing of the room.

This is another persistent misconception. With a high-quality multi-level sealing system, we can talk about the window’s impenetrability for drafts, for exit warm air from the apartment, but this is still far away not tight.

• Another erroneous opinion is that the wider the glass is placed on a double-glazed unit, the better the quality of the window.

The distance between the glasses is not a value taken from the ceiling. Exists a complex system thermal calculations, which gives rather paradoxical results - an excessive increase in this distance leads to a sharp decrease in thermal insulation qualities. When producing windows, we adhere to optimal values, proven by theory and practice: for single-chamber double-glazed windows the maximum thickness should be 24 mm, and for double-chamber windows - 44 mm.

• The principle that when choosing a window there is no need to be limited in the thickness of the profile and the number of air chambers in it is not always justified: “The thicker the profile, the better the window, of course.”

To reason this way is tantamount to assert that that a large sledgehammer is much better and more useful than a regular hammer, because each of these tools has yours own purpose. Of course, the number and size of the air chambers of a window profile directly affect thermal conductivity and sound insulation. But everything should be reasonable and in due measure. An increase in the number of cameras inevitably means an increase in the size and weight of the entire window structure, difficulties with its delivery and installation, and a rapid increase in price. There will be no point in paying extra money for a “super-sophisticated” design if, due to the climatic conditions of the region, the purpose of the room in which the windows are planned to be installed, and its location, it is enough to limit yourself to an option of no less quality in execution, but a more “budget” option.

• You can often hear that plastic windows disrupt the normal ecological balance in an apartment.

Well, first of all, polyvinyl chloride , Although And synthetic material, but is absolutely safe for human and animal health. Suffice it to remember that it is actively used for the manufacture of medical containers and devices, food utensils, water vessels, etc. And secondly, if you take a quick look around you, you will definitely see polymer products, from household appliances to furniture. But for some reason they “sin” only on PVC windows.

• Statements about the increased fire hazard of such windows are unfounded.

Yes, of course, polyvinyl chloride is a flammable material, but its thermal decomposition temperature is much higher than that of wood - wooden windows will catch fire faster. Moreover, if not open flame, then the PVC is more likely to melt than to catch fire. As for the substances released during combustion, they are, of course, toxic, but those released during the combustion of wood carbon monoxide poses no less danger.

• The service life of PVC windows is short - another common delusion.

It all depends on the quality of the profiles, double-glazed windows, fittings used for their production, and on the professionalism of the assemblers and installers. Agree that an ordinary wooden window made by a crooked carpenter, even from selected materials, will not last long.

If a truly high-quality PVC window has been chosen, it should be guaranteed for decades without loss of any performance characteristics. Of course, the owners must follow the rules for its use and regular maintenance.

• You may come across the opinion that plastic windows, with their standardized appearance, impoverish the design and can spoil the exterior design of the house or the interior of the premises.

This statement does not stand up to criticism. People who have never been interested in the existing variety of PVC can say this. In reality, you can order a design of the most bizarre shapes, with one-sided or double-sided lamination of plastic, which will give the window desired color or an interesting external texture - like noble wood, metal, etc. In a word, there are more than enough opportunities to fit the window into the intended design.

PVC window selection options

First of all, for those who don’t know this, the general diagram of a plastic window is:

It would seem that everything is simple and obvious, but almost any element of this design requires special attention.

The figure below schematically shows the main criteria for choosing a PVC window model.

Now about each of these parameters - in more detail.

Profile type and quality

The design and quality of the profile are paid first and foremost close attention– all the operational characteristics of the window and its durability basically depend on it.

• The material of manufacture must be high-quality polyvinyl chloride, durable and absolutely inert to any atmospheric influences. The thickness of the outer walls of the profile is at least 3 mm. Some manufacturers practice, in order to reduce production costs, producing profiles with a wall thickness of, for example, 2.7 mm. It would seem insignificant, but the rigidity and wear resistance deteriorate sharply, and there is no need to talk about the long service life of such windows.

For regions with harsh winters, you should choose a profile made of PVC with increased frost resistance. This is usually indicated by the additional index “M” on the marking.

• The number of air chambers - the thermal insulation characteristics of the window largely depend on this parameter.

The number of cameras is calculated by the width of the profile. If there are horizontal jumpers dividing the cavity into several vertical compartments, then these are not considered additional chambers. The minimum number of cameras allowed by the standards is two, but, as a rule, such products are not available due to their lack of demand. Typically used for installation in residential areas T pex - or five-chamber profiles.

Three-chamber profiles, with a total thickness of about 58 ÷ 60 mm, are certainly much cheaper. It makes sense to purchase them if the climate of the region does not have severe winters, or in the case when the window will be installed, for example, to glaze a loggia or balcony. They are acceptable in the kitchen or on the south side of the building, provided that the house has adequate efficient heating and general thermal insulation.

For the main part of Russia, where January frosts below -20 degrees are considered common, it is better to purchase a high-quality five-chamber profile with a total thickness of over 70 mm - its resistance to heat loss is much higher. True, you will have to pay more.

There are other varieties - with four or six chambers, but they are rare and, as a rule, have a specific purpose.

• Presence and type of reinforcing insert. According to existing standards, all profiles with a length exceeding 800 mm or having a coating other than white must have a reinforcing insert. However, leading manufacturers equip all their products with such structural element. This reinforcement will create the necessary rigidity and stability of the window structure, prevent deformation associated with thermal expansion, which will significantly increase the service life.

A profile made of corrosion resistant galvanized steel with a thickness of about 1.2 - 2 mm. If applied thin material, for example, 0.5 mm, or without anti-corrosion protection, then this can be considered a fiction - you can’t expect either rigidity or durability from such a window, and the insert is made only to “blur” the eyes.

The reinforcing insert can have a closed or open profile. Of course, with its closed form, the strength characteristics are much higher. However, this affects the total weight of the window structure and, of course, its cost. For small windows, you can limit yourself to a profile with high-quality U-shaped reinforcement, however, if the means and installation conditions allow, it is still better to give preference to closed ones.

But if pseudo-reinforcement made of two flat metal inserts placed closer to the edges of the profile, then it is better to abandon this option immediately - they will not provide any resistance to deformation, for example, bending or twisting.

• The “appearance” of the profile is also of considerable importance. The usual technology for decorating windows is the use of special laminating films, which can be selected from the proposed catalog. It is possible to perform single-sided or double-sided lamination, with external and inner surface can be finished in different textures .

The design of the profiles shown is the same, the decoration is different

There are profiles colored in the mass at the production stage, when pigment compositions are introduced into the original mass. Profiles have good qualities, with acrylic coatings applied using the co-extrusion method - an additional protective and decorative layer is obtained, which becomes an inseparable component with the PVC base. Another technology exterior finishing is the application of colored acrylic varnish to a white surface.

• The profile manufacturing company is very important when choosing. It hardly makes sense to get involved with a manufacturer that is unknown or has already earned a bad reputation - you can find many examples where such windows disappointed their owners already in the first year of operation. If you decide to go for a replacement, then it is better to give up your savings for really high-quality products, which are accompanied by manufacturer’s warranties.

You can safely purchase REHAU, KBE, VEKA+ profiles. LG-Chem and MONTBLANC are completely trustworthy. In the premium window category, DIMEX and THYSSEN are traditionally leaders. Several domestic companies trying to keep up with quality issues foreign manufacturers, for example, SOK (Samara window structures), DI FENCE or PROPLEX. It’s never a bad idea to go to the manufacturer’s official website and get acquainted with the features of the product – the raw materials used, technology, variety of models, guarantees provided. Well, when ordering, you should not be shy to ask for documents confirming that the profiles are really a brand and not a cheap fake.

Prices for a popular line of windows

Choosing a double-glazed window

The area of ​​the glazed section of the window is always many times greater than the space occupied by the plastic profile, so the importance of the quality of the double-glazed window is difficult to overestimate.

The design of double-glazed windows is, in principle, the same for all models:

1 – glass with a thickness of at least 4 mm.

2 – air chambers formed between the glasses.

3 – spacer frames ensuring the same distance between the glasses.

4 – drying fill (silica gel or other material with increased hygroscopicity). The main goal is to maintain optimal humidity conditions in the chambers.

5 – sealing adhesive composition that collects all elements into a common structure.

What are the main criteria for choosing a double-glazed window:

• Thickness and quality of glass. Most models use 4mm thick glass. In the case when the windows face the street with increased level noise, it makes sense to think about installing external glass with a thickness of 5 or 6 mm. This will significantly increase sound insulation qualities, since glass of different thicknesses will never resonate.

The glass must be tempered, having undergone special heat treatment after cutting it into right size. At the same time, tempered glass does not lose its light transmitting abilities and any other qualities. But, firstly, this significantly, by 5 ÷ 6, increases its strength characteristics, resistance to both impacts and bending or compression loads. Secondly, even if accidentally broken, it will crumble into small fragments of almost regular shape without sharp cutting edges.

An even safer option is laminated glass - triplex. They can withstand even a directed blow, resist a break-in attempt, and in the event of destruction they do not shatter into fragments. In addition, such glasses are much less susceptible to microvibration, which means they dampen sound vibrations more effectively. True, the price of such double-glazed windows is quite high.

There are glasses with internal metal reinforcement. Recently, there has been a growing trend in the popularity of glass with electromagnetic protection. It could be metal grid or conductive film, which are connected to the ground loop. This measure helps prevent exposure to external electromagnetic radiation, to prevent leakage of information transmitted via radio frequencies.

• Number of chambers and their width.

Double-glazed windows come in single- and double-chamber types. The single-chamber option is two glasses separated by a certain distance. The total thickness of such a package ranges from 24 to 30 mm. Usually I choose this design according to the same principle as the number of cameras in the profile - for the southern regions or for unheated premises.

Double-chamber, respectively, have three glasses and two air or gas layers between them. The thickness of such bags is usually from 32 to 44 mm. Thermal insulation and noise canceling The quality in this option is, of course, much higher, so it is best to choose it for residential premises.

Find out, and also consider the causes and solutions, from our new article.

In a two-chamber double-glazed window it is possible various options glass layouts. So, they can be the same thickness and installed at the same distance from each other. To provide increased sound insulation, if necessary, it is better to choose a different scheme - the cameras have different widths (distance frames are used, for example, 6 and 16 mm), and the outer glasses are thick. When passing through such a “pie,” sound vibrations are damped most effectively.

• Special energy-saving technologies in the design of double-glazed windows.

In order to significantly improve the thermal performance of double-glazed windows, reduce heating costs in winter and air conditioning in summer, special technologies have been developed. First of all, this concerns the application of a film coating or low-emission sputtering based on silver ions. Depending on the technology used, there are k-glass i—glass. The first ones are much easier to manufacture and, accordingly, cheaper. The latter have more impressive energy-saving characteristics, but their production is more difficult, which, of course, is reflected in the price.

In winter, such coatings reflect heat flow back into the room, preventing it from cooling through a large window area. At the same time, they prevent the free passage of hard solar radiation to the apartment in summer time, keeping it as cool as possible.

The marking of such double-glazed windows is usually specified by a formula indicating the thickness of the glass, the type of coating (if applied) and the distance between them. For example, the designation "4i – 10 – 4 – 10 – 4 i" indicates that this is a two-chamber double-glazed window, with a glass thickness of 4 mm, a distance between them of 10 mm, and the outer and inner glass, in addition, belong to the i-type.

Even more effective from the point of view of heat conservation are double-glazed windows that do not have thin air, but the injected inert gas (usually argon or krypton). Special molecular structure of these gases significantly reduces the thermal conductivity coefficient. For example, compared to a conventional one (with the same other characteristics), a double-glazed window with argon gives a significant increase of 5% in energy savings. And if a combined scheme is used, then this figure is even higher: on a double-glazed window "4 – 16Argon – 4i" we can talk about an increase of 10 ÷ 12%. The results will be even more impressive on double-chamber combined double-glazed windows.

There are glasses with a special sun protection layer, which is especially important in the summer for rooms oriented to the south or southwest, especially in regions with a hot climate. True, such glasses usually have reduced and light transmitting ability.

Window operation diagram and fittings kit

The buyer has to decide how he sees it and how it should work. Basic principles the work is shown in the figure:

Basic window “working” diagrams

The schemes can be used either individually or in a certain combination, for example, a rotary opening plus a folding one for ventilation.

The number, shape and size of all glazed areas should be considered. Many owners are often tempted to have one large glass panel covering the entire area of ​​the opening. However, it must be taken into account that this is a very heavy load to fastening elements. In addition, the larger the window area, the greater the likelihood of resonance transmission occurring. sound waves, and therefore – lower soundproofing quality. It is more expedient to distribute a large area into several sections separated by imposts.

The correct and easy operation of a window directly depends on the quality of the fittings used in it, and the issue of its choice is of paramount importance. Under no circumstances should you purchase products with plastic elements - they do not stand up to criticism, are never certified and will not last very long.

The fittings must be exclusively made of steel (best of all, alloy steel), so that it can withstand several dozen daily operating cycles over many years. At the same time, it must be perfectly adjusted, so that any family member can easily open or close the window.

The quality of the fittings is the key to reliable and long-term operation of the window system.

When choosing, you should pay attention to reinforced fittings with anti-burglary characteristics. It has several degrees of protection, and the most reliable can withstand even the impact of powerful power tools.

If there are young children in the apartment, you should inquire about locking systems so that the child cannot open the window on his own. These can be removable handles with plugged sockets for them, special hidden push-button locks, rotation function limiters, mortise or overhead locks, etc.

One of the types of “children’s” locks - a child will not be able to open the window to a dangerous distance

There are also additional fittings that, for example, provide stepwise opening of the window, prevent it from arbitrarily slamming in a draft, prevent handles from closing incorrectly, etc. Fittings also include all handles, decorative trims and other external decorative items.

Self-respecting companies engaged in the production and installation of plastic windows usually use high-quality fittings from leading European manufacturers. The undisputed leaders in this market segment are MACO, ROTO or SIEGENIA-AUBI.

Video: high-quality fittings for PVC windows

Prices for fittings for PVC windows

Accessories for PVC windows

Seals

Another important criterion for choosing PVC windows. Extremely much depends on this “frontier” - the maximum possible tightness of the closure, thermal and sound insulation, protection of fittings from dust and dirt that can cause abrasive wear.

Window systems can use one or more (up to three) sealing circuits. Depending on their location, they can be external, internal or intermediate. In addition to sealing the moving part, sealing elements must be located on both sides of the installed glass unit.

Seals can have different cross-sectional profiles. They are made from rubber, silicone, special rubber or composite polymer compounds. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages, both in terms of reaction to low temperatures and in terms of resistance to abrasion and deformation loads, cracking, delamination, etc. It is believed that the EPDM composite composition has the best performance indicators (translated into Russian, it has the complex name “ ethylene-propylene-thermopolymer-rubber"or EPTC).

How to choose a window installer company

No less important, and perhaps even decisive, is the choice of the company that should assemble and install the windows. There are many offers for such services, and it is important not to fall prey to unscrupulous performers or even amateurs in this matter.

The quality of a window is not only proven materials, but also the professionalism of the craftsmen of the company involved in its assembly and installation.

You should never “buy” into clearly reduced prices - most often they are offered by fly-by-night companies, and after a year there will be no one to make claims on quality. You should definitely be wary if this organization, for example, does not have an office, and all negotiations are conducted only by mobile phone. In this case, as a rule, it is proposed to conclude the contract at the customer’s home.

If during a telephone conversation you are asked to independently measure a window opening to place an order, hang up immediately, without getting involved in any discussion, since there is no smell of professionalism here.

A reputable company should demonstrate in its office samples of the profiles and double-glazed windows it uses - usually split window models are installed for this purpose. Even a list of questions that a competent manager will ask can say a lot. In order for the window to turn out to be of truly high quality and fully perform its functions, the manufacturer must evaluate a lot of information:

• The series of the house, the material of the walls - most likely, the installers have already encountered similar apartments and have developed the best options.
• Customer wishes for window configuration. Not all the “whims” of the apartment owner can be fulfilled, and the manager’s task is to find a compromise solution, both in terms of “de-glazing” and in terms of operation patterns of the valves.
• The direction of the windows to the cardinal directions, the location of noisy passages or, conversely, quiet courtyards, must be taken into account. This will make it possible to more accurately determine the number of profile cameras and the type of glass unit.
• As a rule, issues regarding the installation of ebb and flow sills are resolved at the same time, sometimes it is immediately planned from PVC. It will almost certainly be proposed to install a mosquito net, a regular overhead or a roller shutter type.
• A serious company will always accommodate a good customer and give him a significant discount if several windows are purchased and installed at once.
• It is possible that the company’s list of services also includes innovative solutions, for example, a ventilation system built into the profile.

Only modern but experienced enterprises can satisfy the listed requirements. One of the leaders in the niche under consideration is the Window Factory company. Its competitiveness is determined by many obvious advantages:

• availability own production allowing to maintain acceptable prices for the company's products and services to customers;
• 14 years of experience in the field;
• warranty support for customers for 5 years after order completion;
• friendly customer service system.

In addition to customer focus, the company has strengthened its position as a leader through the production of innovative products, bringing to life completely new windows that are “attentive” to customer requirements.

The first technology, installed free of charge on products from Window Factory, is called SmartBox III. It is represented by a supply valve responsible for climate control, located in the upper part of the window. The valve consists of:

• a special curtain selected according to the wind load;
• adjustable position switch.

Using SmartBoxIII technology, even with the windows closed you can enjoy fresh air, wherein:

• without releasing room heat;
• maintaining sound insulation at the original level.

The appearance of the structure is not affected when installing the valves.

The second innovative product of the Window Factory is heat-saving windows.

The thermal effect of structures is achieved by applying a special pollination to the glass, which, while remaining invisible to the eye, makes significant changes in your life:

• retaining heat 40% more efficiently than multifunctional glass and 97% more intense than ordinary double-glazed windows;
• in summer it reduces the penetration of natural heat from the street, keeping the room cool, while transmitting 30% more light;
• in winter it retains heat inside the apartment, storing it on the windowsill comfortable temperature, on average +6°C higher than that for a standard double-glazed window;
• reduces the risk of condensation from temperature differences;
• saves money spent on heating without releasing heat, which is especially important for private residential buildings.

If desired, the thermal package can be supplemented with tinting to create a cozy and private atmosphere. For safety-conscious clients, Window Factory offers the option of installing tempered glass.

PVC profile of double-glazed windows from Window Factory is presented custom designs REHAU, having passed all stages of quality control. Product fittings are represented by the Titan AF line, which provides the following advantages:

• prevents rapid wear of structures;
• provides anti-burglary resistance;
• enhances sound insulation;
• allows you to independently choose the intensity of ventilation.

By choosing the innovative offers of the Window Factory, you maximize the efficiency of the installed glass unit, creating the most comfortable atmosphere at home.

The impression you get from the surveyor’s visit can tell you a lot. It's not even about his appearance and demeanor (although this sometimes creates a certain opinion). If the technician limited himself to two or three measurements and spent no more than five minutes on this, most likely he should refrain from further contacts. A professional approach involves an assessment of at least 10 ÷ 12 parameters, and usually takes up to half an hour. In no case should you pay money for taking measurements - this service is not paid and, again, does not yet oblige the customer to anything.

It’s only when a detailed project is drawn up in the company’s office that completely satisfies the client, with all the drawings and diagrams, a list of materials and an estimate for assembly and installation, that the contract can be signed. In this case, it is necessary to stipulate the maximum permissible deadlines for completing all work, the responsibility of the parties for failure to fulfill obligations and whole line other important points.

Thus, you should pay special attention to whether the payable estimate includes the delivery of windows, lifting them to the floor, dismantling old frames, garbage removal, and the use of consumables (for example, polyurethane foam). Often, inexperienced customers fall into such “traps” of unscrupulous companies, who then, during the installation of the window, find themselves faced with the need for additional costs not specified in the concluded agreement.

And, finally, another video with tips on choosing PVC windows.

Video: how to choose the right plastic window

Anton Tsugunov

Reading time: 17 minutes

Plastic windows are on the crest of popularity. They are comfortable, high-tech, attractive. But the abundance of models with different characteristics confuses the ignorant buyer. To choose plastic windows, you need to pay attention to every detail of the design - profile, double-glazed windows, seals and fittings - and listen to the opinions of experts.

How to choose the right profile

When talking about a profile, an analogy is often drawn with the skeleton of a window. This complex design made of plastic and metal, it has several cavities - chambers - separated by sealed partitions. Their number affects the strength of the window and its ability to retain heat. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used to make window profiles.

Reasons why this type of plastic is used:

• ability to withstand adverse conditions;
• low thermal conductivity;
• cheapness;
• environmental Safety;
• preservation of consumer properties for a period of at least 50 years;
• reliable sound insulation.

The usual color of PVC is white, but there are multi-colored profiles, as well as laminated under different varieties wood.

By examining the plastic, you can determine how well it will serve. window frame. High quality PVC- absolutely smooth, monolithic, homogeneous material. The presence of stains and graininess eloquently indicates a fake.

Profile classes

The quality of windows is determined by the thickness of the outer part of the contour and internal partitions. According to this indicator, profiles are divided into 3 classes:

• Profile A – ideal for residential buildings: the thickness of its external walls starts from 2.8 mm, internal - from 2.5 mm.
• Profile B – suitable for heated and unheated rooms. It has a thickness of external walls from 2.5 mm, internal walls from 2 mm, windows made from it are less adapted to loads.
• Profile C - called object profile, used in rooms without heating. Such windows often do not have opening sashes. The wall thickness is not standardized, but it is usually less than that of other types of profiles.

Metal inserts play an important role - they increase the strength of the structure. Therefore, such windows are sometimes called metal-plastic.

Air chambers

• The three-chamber profile is the most commonly used. Suitable for regions with temperate climates, where winter temperatures do not drop below 30 °C. Standard width– 5.8 cm.
• Four- and five-chamber profiles are more expensive and weigh more. Their installation is justified only in cold regions, where they will keep the room warm even in the most severe frosts. They are also chosen for windows that face a busy road due to higher sound insulation.
• One- and two-chamber products popular due to their low price. But it makes sense to install windows from such a profile only in the south of Russia, where there are no cold winters.

This is interesting! The thermal conductivity of a profile with 7–8 chambers is lower than that of products with fewer chambers: numerous partitions negate the insulating properties of the air in the chambers. A wide profile with a small number of chambers will retain heat better than a narrow multi-chamber one.

External chambers, thanks to special holes, also serve as condensate drains. They do not affect the quality of thermal insulation and do not spoil the aesthetic appearance of the structure. On the contrary, the absence of technological holes indicates low quality: such a window will last less than the standard period.

Recently, window designs have become widespread, in the chambers of which the air is replaced by foamed heat insulators. They retain heat even better, but the price becomes significantly higher.

Frost resistance

Another profile parameter is frost resistance. It should not change its properties at low temperatures. On frost-resistant profile, which is suitable for the domestic climate, should be marked “M”. The degree of resistance to adverse conditions can also be seen in the passport.

Profile width

For standard windows, the profile width (installation depth) ranges from 50–80 mm. When it does not exceed 60 mm, the number of cameras in the frame is usually 3, and at 70 mm – 4–5. The greater thickness allows the use of more durable fittings, additional soundproofing and insulation contours, and thick double-glazed windows.

Read about which windows are better, plastic or wooden.

Educational video about the secrets of choosing a PVC profile:

Expert advice: for middle zone A 3-chamber profile is more than enough. There is no point in overpaying for multi-chamber products that are positioned as warmer: you will not notice the difference. Choose better profile class A, class C in residential premises is unacceptable. And you should always remember that the quality of assembly and installation of the window is more important than the profile parameters.

We understand double-glazed windows: type and quantity of glass, markings, spacer frame

A double-glazed window compared to traditional window glass is a complex design. This is a block of glass, hermetically sealed together. The space between the two glass sheets is called the chamber. It should not be confused with those included in the profile.

What does the thermal and sound insulation of a double-glazed window depend on?

The ability to retain heat and keep out noise depends on:

• From the thickness of the glass unit. For a house or apartment, a double-glazed window with a thickness of 32–44 mm is suitable.
• Depending on the number of cameras. Typically, a double-glazed window consists of 3 glasses and 2 chambers between them. For harsh climates or houses located in places with high noise levels, three- and four-chamber packages are produced. Single-chamber ones are suitable for arranging balconies, loggias, and gazebos.

• From the width of each chamber of the glass unit. The larger it is, the better the insulating characteristics. However, after 24 mm, increasing the thickness no longer increases positive properties products.

• From filling the cells. Inert gas pumped between the glasses reduces heat loss and protects against noise and ultraviolet radiation. Argon retains 50% more heat compared to air, krypton - 2 times more than argon.

• From the thickness of the glass. If you install 5 or 6 mm external glass instead of the standard 4 mm in a window facing a busy street, the sound insulation will increase, but only slightly. And glass of different thicknesses will not resonate with each other.

• Depending on the type of glass. It makes sense to choose a material that is more expensive, but with additional useful properties. Reflective infrared rays Low-e glass keeps your home warm in winter and cool in summer.

Advice from Mr. Build. Sometimes there is no point in spending money on extra glass: external unit You can install single-chamber double-glazed windows on the balcony, and the indoor unit will protect you from noise and cold. For comparison: full glazing of a 3-room apartment with three-chamber double-glazed windows will cost 75,000 rubles, and if you put single-chamber packages on the balcony, the total cost will drop to 71,250 rubles.

Glass types

To obtain low-emissivity glass, a very thin metal film is sprayed onto it.

• K-coating is a tin film that reduces heat loss by 25% in a single-chamber double-glazed window.
• I-coating (i) – a layer of rare earth metals, retains more than 30% of heat. It is installed only from the room side, the coating is turned inside the chamber, since it is not resistant to mechanical damage. Often labeled E-low.

Due to such glass, a single-chamber double-glazed window approaches the thermal insulation properties of a double-chamber one and can even exceed them.

If you listen to the recommendations of experts in the field of energy saving, then best choice in terms of heat conservation, a two-chamber double-glazed window filled with inert gas and having one glass with a special coating. Thermal packages will help you save on heating in winter and on electricity due to less frequent use of air conditioning in summer.

Let's look at an example. Ordinary double-glazed windows for a private house cost the owner 150,000 rubles. In winter, you have to pay 8,000 rubles for heating. per month, and in the summer, due to the operation of the air conditioner, you need to pay 600 rubles more for electricity. per month. If the owner of the house installed thermal packages, he would pay 180,000 rubles for them. But at the same time, heating costs would drop to 4,800 rubles. per month, and for air conditioning – up to 420 rubles. It turns out that thermal packages pay for themselves in two years, and then bring benefits.

It is practically impossible to break glass laminated with triplex. The same quality is found in glass reinforced with special metal or polymer meshes.

INTERESTING FACTS!

• Energy-saving i-glass was invented completely by accident. Japanese scientists were researching the development of protective equipment against radiation and found that some metals applied to glass reflect heat. First, this technology found application in space developments, and is now used in the manufacture of double-glazed windows.
• Scientists still have not been able to explain one amazing phenomenon. After 39 years of operation of a plastic window, the outer wall of the profile becomes 0.75 mm thinner. Not a single version explaining this fact has yet been recognized as sufficiently reliable.
• Triplex laminated glass was also created by chance. The famous French scientist Edward Benidictus dropped a glass flask on the floor. It cracked, but did not shatter into fragments. And the reason for this was a mixture of cellulose nitrate, which froze on the walls of the burst flask and created a layer that prevented the glass from disintegrating.

Glass unit markings, tables

The structure of a double-glazed window can be understood by the markings, which indicate the thickness of the glass, the width of the chambers, and the type of coating. For example, the designation 4-12Ar-4-12 Ar-4I is deciphered as follows:

• double-glazed window;
• glass thickness – 4 mm;
• the distance between them is 12 mm;
• I-type inner glass;
• the chambers are filled with argon.

The following tables will help you choose the ratio of glass unit parameters.

The frame between the glasses sets the distance between them, which ranges from 6 to 24 mm. Frames are made from aluminum, steel, and plastic. Distance frames made of stainless steel or plastic conduct heat to a lesser extent and prevent the formation of a cold bridge, therefore they are considered the best option.

The second function of the frame is moisture absorption. It has an absorbent inside that absorbs liquid, preventing windows from fogging up in winter, and there is perforation on the surface.

Rules for choosing double-glazed windows

To choose reliable double-glazed windows, you need:

1. Make sure that there is a marking with the manufacturer’s logo, production date and information about components. Its absence is a reason for serious suspicion.
2. Inspect the glass for chips and cracks.
3. Check the quality of sealing. There should be no traces of liquid sealant along the bar that regulates the distance between the glasses. The outer layer of the product should look smooth and neat. Sagging and cracks indicate unreliable quality of the package.
4. Use a tape measure to determine the accuracy of the geometry. The difference in measurements along the diagonals (more than 3 mm) proves that the glass unit parameters do not meet the standards. The thickness of the package, measured with a caliper, cannot differ from the declared thickness by more than 1 mm.
5. Use a square to measure the displacement of the glass planes. A deviation exceeding 1 mm indicates non-compliance with standards.
6. Determine the transparency of the glass, the presence of water and steam in the chamber.

Decorative and functional elements

To give the window a more sophisticated look, so-called sprats are used (see photo).

They can vary in color, thickness, and be located between the glasses or on top of them.

Built-in blinds can be a convenient addition to the window design. They are located directly in the glass unit chamber and are controlled from the outside. But such a system has a serious drawback - the impossibility of maintenance and repair.

Read about choosing blinds for plastic windows.

It is much more profitable to order all additional fittings and accessories at once: this way you will not have to pay for their delivery and installation, which will cost from 1,300 rubles.

Which glass unit is warmer?

This table shows how the level of thermal insulation of a double-glazed window increases with the increase in the number of glasses and the thickness of the chambers:

Double-glazed window formula	Reduced heat transfer resistance coefficient, m 2 ×°C/W
4M1-12-4M1	0,30
4M1-Ag12-4M1	0,32
4M1-16-I4	0,59
4M1-Ar16-I4	0,66
4M1-10-4M1-10-4M1	0,47
4M1-12-4M1-12-4M1	0,49
4M1-Ar10-4M1-Ar10-4M1	0,49
4M1-Ar12-4M1-Ar12-4M1	0,52
4M1-12-4M1-12-I4	0,68
4M1-16-4M1-16-I4	0,72
4M1-Ar6-4M1-Ar6-I4	0,64
4M1-Ar10-4M1-Ar10-I4	0,71
4M1-Ar12-4M1-Ar12-I4	0,75
4M1-Ar16-4M1-Ar16-I4	0,80

Please note: from the point of view of heat conservation, a single double-glazed window with I-glass is superior to a regular double-glazed one.

Double-glazed windows for residential premises: minimum and optimal parameters, price comparison

The formula for a double-glazed window suitable for an apartment or house located in central Russia:

• Minimum parameters: double-glazed window 4-10-4-10-4. This is a generally accepted standard with good sound and heat insulation characteristics.

Advice: if you live in a quiet area, it will be more profitable to order a single-chamber double-glazed window with I-glass. It is not as good in terms of sound insulation, but retains heat much better than the standard two-chamber option (see table below).

• Optimal parameters: double-glazed window 4-16Ar-4-14Ar-I4. It has all the necessary extras: wide chambers of different thicknesses for better protection from noise, argon filling, energy-saving glass.

Expert advice: the service life of the seals can be extended by regularly (2 times a year in the off-season) cleaning them and lubricating them with silicone oil or glycerin.

Which fittings should I choose?

Fittings for heavy, constantly opening and closing windows must be durable and reliable. Otherwise, the handles will break, and the sashes will sag and jam. The brands Winkhaus, Siegenia Aubi, Roto, G-U, Maco have earned trust. High-grade steel with anti-corrosion coating is used for the manufacture of fittings. Polymers are allowed only for plugs and decorative covers.

The best fittings are those that can withstand 50–60 thousand cycles and have a 10-year warranty. The cycle consists of 4 actions: opening for ventilation, closing, swing opening followed by closing.

When purchasing, you should choose adjustable fittings that will allow you to open the sash as needed, and special stoppers will prevent involuntary slamming. Owners of private houses, ground-floor apartments, and summer cottages prefer windows with anti-burglary devices that will prevent intruders from entering. If desired, the fittings are supplemented with details that provide:

• slot ventilation;
• turning limitation;
• functioning of the microlift:
• sash tilt in several positions;
• restricting children's access and other functions.

Expert advice: choose fittings only with the functions you need. Make sure that the extras you pay top dollar for (high-quality European fittings are expensive) are what you actually need. For example, anti-burglary devices are unlikely to be useful on upper floors.

Choosing the opening method

Window designs differ on this basis:

• Deaf - installed in rooms that do not need ventilation, or combined with opening doors.
• Pivot - allow the doors to open in one direction.
• Tilt-and-turn - have two ways of opening: they rotate inward into the room, and can also recline, which is important when there is a small child in the apartment or the window sill is filled with flowers. This rational option for kitchens that require regular air exchange. With a combination of folding and rotary mechanisms It is convenient to ventilate the room at any time of the year.

Expert advice: in a wide window there is no need to make all the sashes openable. The price of such a window will be unreasonably high. Usually one moving element is enough.

Let's look at an example of balcony glazing. A tilt and turn door costs 12,500 rubles, a tilt and turn door costs 11,200 rubles, a swing window costs 10,750 rubles, and a blind window costs 5,900 rubles. If the inner window and two outer ones are rotary, and two more outer ones are tilt-and-turn, you will have to pay 67,150 rubles for everything. And if you make an internal window and three external ones blind, and only one external one - tilt-and-turn, full glazing of the balcony will cost much less - only 44,900 rubles.

Which plastic window manufacturer is better?

Competition and strict control in the window market have driven out outright marriage. But experts unanimously lean towards large manufacturers. They have equipment that smaller companies don't have, so their products are of higher quality. Experts have learned to cope with unwanted linear expansion of PVC, low elasticity coefficient, and improve resistance to temperature changes. Additives and stabilizers for these purposes undergo strict control and do not cause harm to health.

Which company should you choose?

A list of the best window profile manufacturers, compiled based on ratings and reviews.

Veka

Leads in number of sales, in the top three in all ratings. Technical base allowed the company to finally stop producing low-grade products; only class A profiles are produced. Window models are diverse, durable, known for their reliable noise and heat insulation, tightness, and are equipped with a rubber seal that is not afraid of frost. Disadvantage - they are a bit expensive.

KBE

The company uses environmentally friendly plastic, the windows are durable, have good noise and heat insulation, cope with temperature changes in the range from -50 to +50 °C, and do not fog up. Flaws: high price, over time the plastic develops a yellowish tint.

Rehau

The products are environmentally friendly, a wide range of, strength, meeting the requirements of time, sound and heat insulation, frost resistance. Disadvantages: reduced height of the sashes, higher cost than other brands.

We recommend paying attention to Rehau windows made from the BLITZ New profile with an installation depth of 60 mm. This is an energy-saving, affordable and high-quality solution. Three-chamber profile, with the ability to install double-glazed windows up to 32 mm. Retains 30 times more heat than wooden Soviet frames. Noise reduction up to 40 Rw dB and excellent appearance.

High-strength sealed profiles for any climatic conditions from perfect white plastic. All load-bearing walls are made according to RAL class A, the declared service life is up to 45 years. The company's factories are located in Germany, Poland and Belarus.

Montblanc

Windows of different types, attractive, inexpensive. Durable, adapted to Russian weather. Disadvantages: there is no quality management certificate, the fittings are rather weak, the seal emits a chemical smell.

LG Chem

The combination of decent heat and sound insulation characteristics and professional design. Glossy plastic, reasonable quality/price ratio. A relative disadvantage is the recent entry into the market in the central part of the country, which affects its popularity.

Trocal

Windows have a deformation-resistant design, designer finds and a large selection of reliable and sealed models that attract buyers. Disadvantages: heavy profile; built-in blinds break after several years of use.

Russian windows

Russian plastic windows are cheaper than foreign ones. But this does not mean low quality. Typically, domestic manufacturers use German technology. The cost is more affordable due to cheap energy resources and labor. You also need to remember this when choosing.

For example, Russian company Kaleva works according to the scheme full cycle: from the moment the window is designed to installation in place. This is not a common occurrence. The Panorama company from St. Petersburg has been operating in the plastic window market for more than 20 years. Its PVC profiles are distinguished by quality, the right balance of rigidity, reliable insulation, and aesthetic appearance.

Which profile for plastic windows did you choose?

Plastic windows have long ceased to be a novelty, but, unfortunately, there are still cases when a lot of money spent on their installation ends up in literally thrown to the wind: due to incorrectly selected design, low-quality materials or unprofessional installation, such windows very quickly become unusable and, at best, require expensive repairs, and at worst, complete replacement. We have prepared information about the most important parameters that you must pay attention to when ordering and installing windows, and asked for advice from an expert from the ArchDialog agency.

Well-installed, high-quality plastic windows should serve faithfully for many years, reliably protecting your home from bad weather and street noise. They have a number of advantages compared to outdated wooden frames: they do not rot or rust, do not dry out from the sun and do not swell from moisture, do not require regular puttying and painting, have convenient opening mechanisms, are reliable, comfortable and durable in use. The only disadvantage of plastic windows is their flammability and very heavy weight. To select windows that meet the most stringent requirements, you need to pay attention to several parameters, which we will discuss in detail.

Design

Plastic (or PVC) windows consist of a hollow multi-chamber plastic profile with metal reinforcement, double-glazed windows and fittings.

Profile

A PVC profile usually has from 2 to 8 hollow chambers. It is believed that the thicker the profile and the more chambers there are, the warmer the windows. However, you shouldn’t overpay a lot of money for an extra number of cameras: plastic already has very low heat transfer, so to save money in our climate it’s enough to install quality windows with a three-chamber profile, a two-chamber double-glazed window and two sealing contours - this will ensure effective heat retention inside the room during the cold season.

Double-glazed windows

Heat retention in the house is largely ensured by properly selected double-glazed windows. In residential premises it is most reliable and expedient to install windows with double-glazed windows(i.e. with 3 glasses and 2 air chambers between them). Compared to single-chamber double-glazed windows, this is a more expensive option, but the price difference will be justified significant savings on heating and great comfort in winter.

Single-chamber double-glazed windows(with 2 glasses and 1 air chamber) are significantly inferior to two-chamber ones in heat retention, but their undoubted advantage is their lighter weight and affordable price. Windows with single-chamber double-glazed windows are recommended to be installed in regions with very warm climates or in non-residential premises: on summer cottages, balconies, loggias, verandas, etc. Some manufacturers claim that their single-chamber double-glazed windows, filled with inert gas or, conversely, with highly rarefied air (“vacuum”) inside, retain heat as effectively as double-chamber double-glazed windows, and are much cheaper. However, you shouldn’t believe these marketing tricks: it’s better to pay extra once and order a high-quality double-glazed window than to suffer from the cold for many years.

Three-chamber double-glazed windows(with 4 glasses and 3 air chambers) are very heavy and require especially durable fittings and special installation technology. In addition, the four glasses included in their composition transmit light much worse compared to single-chamber and double-chamber double-glazed windows. It is recommended to use them only in the extremely cold climate of the Far North, preferably on fixed windows that cannot be opened.

Previously it was believed that the wider air chamber of glass unit, the less heat will go outside through the window. But now it has already been proven that she is fat air gap does not always guarantee effective heat retention: according to the law of convection, warm air from the internal warm glass will rise upward, and cold air from the external cold one will fall down, replacing it. Thus, there is a constant circulation of air masses inside the glass unit, which leads to significant heat loss. Therefore, modern manufacturers are trying to reduce the distance between the glasses.

Reinforcement

To provide additional strength to a heavy window structure, the PVC profile is reinforced with an insert, the metal thickness of which (according to German standards) must be at least 1.5 mm for regular windows and 2 mm for windows big size. It is advisable to choose a PVC profile with closed rather than U-shaped reinforcement - it is much stronger and more durable.

Accessories

When ordering plastic windows, it is very important to choose high-quality, strong fittings, especially for structures with double-glazed windows: weak fittings simply cannot withstand the weight of a heavy frame with three glasses, and within a few months after installation, serious problems with the windows may begin - drafts, frame skew, difficulties with opening and closing.

Additional functions

When ordering plastic windows, you can choose the most suitable option for each home. For example, if your windows overlook a noisy road, it is very useful to take care of additional sound insulation. It is achieved by installing double-glazed windows with different glass thicknesses and different widths air chambers between the glasses that will dampen resonance. Top winter ventilation function, profile with built-in ventilation, mosquito net and the opening regulator (“comb”) will be very useful additions to new windows.

What to look for when choosing

To avoid many problems, it is better to order windows from reliable, reputable companies. Indeed, in addition to the high quality of the windows themselves, you need confidence that they will be installed correctly: the vast majority of problems with plastic windows occur not so much because of their low quality, but because of unprofessional installation. Serious companies have a quality certificate for their products and provide a guarantee on their windows for at least 5 years. Another everyday recommendation is to hire someone you know as an assistant who has experience in ordering windows, so that if necessary, he can advise you on something or clarify some important details.

Window adjustment

During operation, any, even the highest quality windows, sag over time from heavy weight and constant loads, their mechanisms begin to work poorly, the frames shift and no longer fit tightly to the base. Therefore, all windows require periodic adjustment. If it is blowing from the window, its handle does not turn well, or there are difficulties opening and closing, this is an indicator that it is time to make an adjustment. You can adjust the window either yourself or by inviting a professional technician to your home.

Sooner or later the time comes when old wooden windows need to be replaced with more advanced ones. modern designs, and here anyone can be shocked by the diversity that pleases modern market. Manufacturers offer windows made from different materials, with different types glass of different thicknesses and configurations. To choose the right window for your apartment, it is necessary to be familiar with what the market offers us, to know about the advantages and disadvantages of different types of structures. This is what we will talk about.

No. 1. Profile material

First of all, attention should be paid to the profile material, since it largely determines what characteristics the window will have. For now Manufacturers offer the following options:

• plastic profile;
• wooden profile;
• aluminum profile;
• wood-aluminum windows (wooden windows with aluminum trims).

Plastic profile

Based on the number of chambers, double-glazed windows are divided into single-chamber, double-chamber, triple-chamber, and sometimes you can even find 4- and 5-chamber double-glazed windows. The more chambers, the better the insulating properties of the structure. In the conditions of central Russia, it is not recommended to install single-chamber double-glazed windows.

Double-glazed windows are in greatest demand, and thickness of all glasses it can be not only standard (4 mm), but also increased (5-6 mm), due to which additional sound insulation is achieved. Distance between glasses in a double-glazed window with two or more chambers, it can also be unequal, which has a positive effect on noise and heat insulation. The characteristics of a double-glazed window are indicated by its formula. For example, the formula 4*16*4 means a single-chamber double-glazed window with glass thickness of 4 mm and a distance between them of 16 mm, the formula 6*14*4*14*4 says that you have a double-chamber double-glazed window with an outer glass 6 mm thick, and the formula 4*16*4*12*4 suggests different distances between the glasses.

The space between the glasses can be filled with one of the following substances:

• dehumidified air– the most common and most affordable option;
• sulfur hexafluoride rarely used, but provides higher thermal insulation properties of the glass unit;
• inert gas. The cheapest is argon, krypton is more expensive, but has best properties, and xenon is used extremely rarely due to its high cost. Inert gas is used to create low-emission double-glazed windows: it not only prevents heat transfer, but also protects the coating of i-glasses. The thermal characteristics of a double-glazed window filled with argon are 24% better than those of a double-glazed window filled with air.

When choosing a double-glazed window with inert gas, you need to understand that it will have to be re-injected every 10 years, because even with the most high-quality sealing it evaporates at a rate of approximately 3% per year. Unscrupulous manufacturers may pass off dried air as inert gas, since it is impossible to verify this upon purchase.

No. 3. Type of glass in a double glazing unit

The properties of the entire window structure will depend on the properties of the glass used. The following types of glass can be used:

• regular float glass;
• low emissivity glass, which, with a high level of transparency, have improved thermal insulation properties. K-glass Made by applying a tin oxide coating to hot glass, the coating is literally baked so it is durable. The technology has been used since the 70s, so it is outdated and inferior in efficiency i-glass. The latter are obtained by applying silver ions or titanium oxide to cold glass. The coating is sensitive to external factors, so it is used inside a double-glazed window, and the chamber is filled with inert gas, but the efficiency of i-glass is 1.5 times higher than k-glass. Low-emissivity glass allows you to keep the room warm in winter and cool in summer;
  
• high strength glass. This includes triplex and tempered glass. Triplex is made by pressing several glasses with a polymer film, the result is a durable, impact-resistant material. Triplex is even used as bulletproof glass; such glass does not shatter into sharp fragments - as a result of damage, all parts remain on the film, forming a pattern of cracks. Triplex has unsurpassed sound insulation properties. Tempered glass obtained by applying special paint or enamel to the surface and further processing at high temperature. The color can be any, and the enamel becomes one with the glass, due to which additional strength is achieved. At strong blows fragments with rounded edges are formed;
  
• sun glasses can become a replacement for curtains. At the moment there are several types of solar control glass. Solid tinted glass obtained by adding dye at the manufacturing stage. Tinted by vacuum spraying glass is made by depositing metal oxides onto clear glass, and film tinted glass obtained by gluing tinted film onto finished glass;
  
• self-cleaning. New expensive technology allows the window from the outside to always remain clean without human intervention. Organic contaminants do not stick to the surface of the window, but are destroyed under the influence of sunlight, the residues are washed off by rain, and streaks do not remain on such glass. Self-cleaning glass has not become widespread because it is expensive, and not every region regularly has bright sunshine or frequent rain.

No. 4. Window shape

The shape of the window affects the perception of the interior, can make it unique and inimitable, but depends on the characteristics of the house. If it can actually be used in a private house, then it is suggested to use structures of standard shapes.

Modern manufacturers offer the following window shape options:

• rectangular and square;
• round and oval;
• arched;
• triangular;
• trapezoidal.

Partitions are created at the discretion of everyone. Moreover, the glass unit in the window can be decorated decorative layout- thin rods that add originality to the structure and also slightly strengthen it. Another way to decorate a window is to use.

Loops can be standard overhead, mortise or screw-in. A special type is anti-burglary hinges, which are useful for providing additional security. The window can be equipped locks or blockers. The fittings directly affect the quality and durability of the window, so it is better to give preference reliable hardware manufacturers:Roto, Aubi, Winkhaus, Siegenia, Maco and some others.

Do not forget to immediately equip the window structure - this is protection from insects and debris, it can be inserted into the frame or swing outwards from the window. Except and

A wide variety of window materials and designs allows you to functionally and stylishly decorate any room, protecting it from drafts and noise. Only once is it worth spending a little time studying the intricacies of choosing a window, so that you can enjoy a strong and durable design for decades.

Today, an increasing number of people are replacing old wooden windows with new ones to improve the climate in their apartment. Construction market offers a selection of windows made from modern materials. You can choose windows from materials such as aluminum, stainless steel or plastic. The most popular are plastic windows, as they are a durable, strong and relatively inexpensive material.

A high-quality plastic window has a presentable appearance, ideal fittings and a large selection of frame designs.

Plastic windows (double glazing) are produced from polyvinyl chloride with the addition of stabilizers and other elements. All these components give the window increased strength and wear resistance, varying color scheme and resistance to weather influences.

Main components of the design

Plastic windows consist of the following parts:

• housing made of plastic;
• frames;
• double glazed windows;
• accessories;
• glazing beads;
• mosquito net.

Today, many companies work either with a specific brand of PVC windows, or with by different manufacturers. In order not to make a mistake, there are tips for choosing plastic windows.

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You should give your preference to a company that not only installs plastic windows, but also directly produces them. If this is not possible, then you should pay attention to the period of operation of such a company; it must be at least 5 years. Some sellers specialize in a particular manufacturer, while others may offer a selection of windows from different manufacturers.

Typically, companies that value their customers provide a guarantee for their products. The warranty period can be 3-5 years and depends on the quality of the products from which the structure is made.

A high-quality plastic window should retain heat well, reduce noise levels, close tightly and be durable.

It is necessary to conclude an agreement with the installation company. It should be read carefully to avoid further misunderstandings. Some points are worth paying attention to Special attention, For example:

• Is dismantling the old window included in the installation cost?
• who is responsible for the export household waste arising after dismantling;
• at whose expense the delivery will be carried out;
• Is the cost of components (mosquito net, slopes, window sill) included in the final cost of installation or is it paid for separately.

Most sellers include these items in the installation cost. The customer also undertakes to fulfill certain conditions: free access to the window opening and the availability of a power source.

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Choosing a PVC profile: some nuances

The durability of the window and its appearance depend on the correctly selected window profile. Today, the domestic market is saturated with goods of Russian and Turkish production. However, better quality products are produced in Germany: their profiles not only benefit in whiteness of color, but also in technical parameters ahead of many other manufacturers. They are the most durable, withstanding temperature changes from -40°C to +40°C and strong gusts of wind.

When choosing a window profile, importance is also paid to the reinforcing profile.

It is installed in the middle PVC profile and is responsible for the strength of the window and its resistance to loads. Its thickness must be at least 1.5 mm; this can be checked on a sample cut, which window sales managers are required to provide.

The material from which the reinforcing profile is made must be galvanized steel. Otherwise, if ferrous metal is used, the profile begins to become covered with rust, which is why reddish streaks appear on the drains.

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Choosing plastic windows: double-glazed windows and main points

This part of the window is the base. For comfortable stay a double-glazed window must contain 3 chambers, minimum 2. This significantly increases sound insulation and heat loss. On the other hand, the less glass in a double-glazed window, the greater its light transmission.

There is also the opportunity to purchase double glazing with glass, where outside There is a mirror coating, and the inside is energy-saving glass. This choice will be justified, provided the window opens to sunny side, then the room will be additionally warmed up from the sun's rays.

What about the choice of accessories? This part of the window structure is also important; you should not skimp on this point when purchasing. Most window manufacturers use German-made fittings in their designs. Russian manufacturers are not currently producing it.

If you fear for the safety of your home or live on the top floors, then you should take a closer look at anti-burglary fittings. Such a kit may include anti-vandal film or triple glazing. But the cost of such windows is an order of magnitude higher than ordinary ones, and possible repairs or replacing cracked glass can cost an arm and a leg. Therefore, in some situations it will be rational to install an ordinary iron grill on the window.

A family with small children should also think about protection. Especially for such cases, locks or handles with a key have been developed that will reliably protect a curious child from falling out of the window.

Before direct installation, care should be taken to prepare the room. It is understood that furniture and walls will suffer from dirt and dust, therefore, first of all, you should free up the space next to the window opening. It would also be a good idea to cover furniture with film and remove valuable items (TV) from the room.

To protect the floor, use film or packaging cardboard. It should be remembered that any installation work are accompanied by noise, so to avoid conflicts it is better to warn your neighbors in advance. 50% depends on the correct installation of the window structure thermal insulation properties designs.