Spring protection of garden plants from pests and diseases. Peach tree: description, planting, tree care

The peach is beautiful both during flowering and when it is covered with delicious fruits, but the planted tree will not take root without proper care. The article describes peach propagation methods, the conditions necessary for its cultivation, and contains photos of many varieties.

Varieties and varieties of peach

There are 3 varieties of peach:

• peach;
• nectarine;
• Potanin's peach.

Through the efforts of breeders, many varieties have been developed. According to the ripening period, they are divided into early, middle and late. The most common varieties include the following:

• "Redhaven". Early, produces large yellow-orange oval-shaped fruits with a red barrel, juicy, tender, very tasty pulp. The large bone comes off easily. Does not tolerate frosts well.

Variety "Redhaven"

• "Velvety". Ripens early, but takes root only in southern regions. The fruits are medium-sized, round, yellow with a blush. The bone is small, firmly embedded in the pulp.
• "Early Kuban". Winter-hardy, productive, yellow fruits are small but very tasty. Ripen in July.
• "Jaminat". Mid-late peach. The fruits are large, elongated, bright yellow with redness, slightly flattened on the sides. Orange color The pulp is sweet, slightly sour. A seed that is easily separated from the pulp. Does not tolerate frost very well.
• "Stavropol pink". The fruits have a light yellow with pink, velvety surface. The pulp is tender, sweet and sour. Fruit ripening time is the end of August. The variety is frost-resistant.

Variety “Irganaysky late”

• "Irganaysky late". The surface of the yellow, medium-sized fruit is covered with picturesque red spots. The variety is late, not very resistant to frost, the fruits ripen in September.

Attention! When choosing a variety, familiarize yourself with its characteristics so as not to purchase a tree that cannot take root in the climatic conditions of your region.

Features of planting peach

The place for planting peach should be selected carefully. It will not grow in lowlands, in wind-blown areas. The south side is ideal with plenty of sun and good protection from the wind. Precursors undesirable for peach are melons, strawberries, and nightshades.

A hole 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 m is prepared for the peach seedling. The graft is left raised 50 mm above the ground. The newly planted tree is watered abundantly.

Peach is good for planting sunny plot garden

When planting in depleted soil, in the spring a mixture of potassium chloride and superphosphate (50 g each), as well as 300 g, should be added to the planting hole wood ash and 8 kg of compost or humus. In autumn, humus is poured into the hole, covered with a 20 cm layer of soil on top, and then the seedling is lowered.

Advice. To prevent peach roots from freezing cold winter, when planting in a hole, place a plastic bag filled with black soil big size and plant a tree in it. The edges of the bag remaining on the surface can be used to cover the soil after watering.

How to care and what to fertilize

Care consists of pruning, watering, and fighting all kinds of diseases and pests. The peach tolerates drought steadfastly, but development and fruiting are inhibited. Therefore, if there has been no rain for a long time, 2 buckets of water with a temperature of about 25 degrees are poured under the tree every 2 weeks. Watering too generously, especially when the fruits are ripening, can cause them to crack.

When digging up a site in the spring, nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied under the trees for better development and the formation of abundant ovaries. in autumn mineral fertilizers They don’t add anything, only organic matter, and then once every 2 years.

Trees need to be pruned regularly

It is advisable to protect it for the winter trunk circle and roots from rodents, spreading spruce branches around. The tree trunk is wrapped in roofing material or rags.

Advice. Use this method of protection young tree when preparing for winter: dig 2 supports on the sides, put a bag on them, covering the entire seedling. Cover its edges with soil. Make several holes - wood needs to breathe.

To obtain good harvests for a long time, it is necessary. Several types of this procedure are used:

1. Formative, increasing fruiting and harvest quality. Forming the crown should begin when planting the tree.
2. Thinning, allowing for the development of strong shoots.
3. Health-improving, when diseased or frozen branches are removed in the spring.
4. Anti-aging, used to rejuvenate peach aged over 7 years. Stimulates abundant fruiting.

Peach fruit

Peach propagation

Peach is propagated by pitting and grafting cuttings. For most amateur gardeners, the first method is the most acceptable. To get planting material, take the fruits of trees growing in the same area. Seedlings grown from the seeds imported fruits will not take root here. The peach from which you plan to take the pit must be ripe and look perfect, as in the photo. Then proceed like this:

1. Several seeds are selected, cleared of pulp, and placed in a container with wet sawdust or sand.
2. They are put away for the winter in a dark, cold place to undergo the stratification procedure.
3. In the spring, seeds with hatched sprouts are planted in a flowerpot with peat fertilized with humus.
4. Water moderately. When will it be formed root system and the tree itself, the flowerpot is transferred to sunny place with a temperature of 18-20 degrees.

Peach seeds obtained from peach seeds sprout quickly

Another method takes less time. In this case, the seed removed from the fruit is first washed, and then split and the seeds are extracted from it. Place the seed of the day on 3 in warm water, changing it to fresh daily. When the seeds swell, they are planted in pots to a depth of 10 cm, one in each. Water the ground, cover the container transparent material. They make sure that the ground does not become moldy, for which the greenhouse is ventilated every day.

Attention: peach seeds do not have good germination. Plant a lot of them, and from those that have sprouted, choose the strongest ones.

Experienced gardeners propagate peach by grafting cuttings. Suitable rootstocks include apricot, sloe, and felt cherry. Cuttings are harvested in November-December from 1-2 year old shoots. They overwinter in the cellar or under cover outside. They are grafted in March using the same methods as other trees.

Diseases, pests and their control

The peach does not have many enemies, but they are all caused by fungi and are very serious. It is impossible to grow a full-fledged tree without prevention:

Pests that have settled in the bark are destroyed by treating the trunk with lime and a small amount of copper sulfate.

Growing a peach is not an easy task; without constant attention, you are unlikely to get a good result, but if everything is done correctly, the tree will regularly delight you with a bountiful harvest.

Features of growing peach: video

How to grow a peach: photo

It has always been believed that the peach tree, its spring blossoms and abundant harvest are the privilege of the most southern regions countries. Since the middle of the last century, breeders and hobbyists have been promoting the culture into the middle zone. Peach can displace apricots in country gardens because it is more resistant to return frosts, and the seedling from the stone inherits the maternal qualities. Fifty lovers of the Moscow region have been cultivating peach in bush form for more than 10 years.

Description of the peach tree

Garden varieties come from the common peach, bush or single-stem form. The height of the tree can reach 9 meters, but spreading trees of 3-4 meters are more common. The peach root system is superficial, located in fertile layer up to 70 cm. Peaches love warmth, light and abundant watering. The tree bears fruit for 20 years, starting from the second year after rooting.

The peach tree is a cross-pollinated species. Several varieties growing nearby will increase the fruiting of each, especially if you create a fruit conveyor from July to September, collecting specimens different periods maturation. The keeping quality of peaches is low.

Peach trees cannot be called frost-resistant. They lose part of their roots during winter frosts -25, if they last more than three days. The roots will withstand severe frost of 30-35 degrees for 24 hours. A short dormant period awakens the tree during winter thaws that occur in winter.

The tender peach is difficult to endure wintering. The crown cannot withstand temperatures of -20 without shelter, and fruit buds and last year's growth die. The consolation is that the peach tree has a great self-healing ability and within a year the frozen tree will bloom again.

Peach agricultural technology for each climate zone

It is customary to grow peach trees in climate zones with mild climates. At the same time, they form a cup-shaped crown of trees, penetrated by the rays of the sun, located at a distance of at least 3 meters.

For areas with cold winters, the bush form and thickened plantings are more suitable. Here fruit links are formed from the lower shoots. Low-lying branches can be easily covered in winter, ensuring the safety of fruit buds.

You should purchase only seedlings of zoned and recommended varieties of peaches. Good result gardeners receive by growing a tree from a local variety of peach seeds.

Peach care is year-round and includes techniques that allow you to create conditions for long-term annual fruiting. Therefore, peach agricultural technology in the Caucasus and Moscow region includes the same operations, but they are performed using different technologies:

• planting dates and varieties;
• formation of a young and fruit-bearing tree;
• watering and fertilizing;
• protection from pests and;
• preparation for wintering and spring awakening tree.

Each of these activities is based on practical techniques, helping a demanding tree survive in hostile conditions.

How to grow a fruit-bearing peach tree in the Moscow region

Research conducted by scientists Botanical Garden who studied the experience of amateur gardeners in the Moscow region in growing peaches, allowed us to draw some conclusions:

1. Seedlings grown from seeds of local varieties retain their maternal qualities if taken from own-rooted peach. Seedlings from rootstocks are sterile.
2. Own-rooted peaches exhibit greater resistance to local conditions.
3. It is proposed to shape the fruit tree in such a way as to give it a bush shape, leaving mainly young growth.
4. Trees need to be planted so that they can be covered in the middle of winter. Create a screen from the north wind even in summer.
5. Use seedlings grafted onto almonds and cherry plums. Apricot Jardel is an unsuccessful rootstock for peach.

How to care for a peach tree? An example of proper agricultural technology for middle zone can serve as a Kostetsky lover's garden. The harvest from each of 20 peaches in 2011 amounted to 30 kg per tree. He obtained such results by adapting to the needs of southerners for 20 years.

Recommendations for those interested in growing peaches in the Moscow region:

1. Planting several varieties of seedlings with a distance between holes of 3x4 meters.
2. Spring cutting out dry, weak, non-fruiting branches. After flowering, thinning is required, removing excess ovary, then the fruits reach 150-200 g in weight.
3. Protection – 4 times in spring spraying 1% copper sulfate against leaf curl, hole spotting.

The gardener fertilizes the plants all year round. After a year, 3 kg/sq.m. crumbles. m of plot area with humus in a mixture and potassium salt for the entire area of ​​the garden in the fall. Fertilize with liquid organic matter annually in early spring. In winter, more than half a bucket of wood ash is poured into each hole. In the spring, when the buds swell, 300 g of complex fertilizer is applied to the tree trunk circle and filled with 5-6 buckets of water. After flowering, liquid 10% organic matter is added to the tree trunk circle in the amount of 3-4 buckets. In August, fertilizing is repeated with the addition of half a glass of superphosphate to the bucket.

In the fall, when the leaves fall, each tree receives another 10 buckets of water. Then the earth is mulched with humus. There is always space left near the trunk to prevent diaper rash.

Obtaining peach seedlings from pits

If you take a seed from your own rooted local peach variety, it will impart resistance to the seedling to climatic features, size and taste of the mother's fetus. How to grow a peach from a pit? Can be grown at home, in a pot. To do this, you need to keep the seed in water for 4 days, then remove it, split the seed, and plant the kernel in a pot.

For spring planting of peaches, it is necessary to carry out artificial stratification in winter. In a cool place, the stone is stored all winter in damp sand. In the spring, the seed will burst and a seedling will appear; it needs to be placed in a tub.

In the fall, you can spread the seeds into well-prepared soil at a distance of 10 cm. In the spring they will sprout, by the fall they will reach a height of 1.5 m and give off lateral branches. Next, they are seated in prepared planting pits.

In autumn, young plants are planted without cutting off the top branches, but the roots are shortened slightly. In spring, on the contrary, they pinch off the tops, beginning the formation of the tree.

Spring is the most important period in peach care.

Nature is awakening. It is at this time that the gardener begins to struggle to protect the peach from pests and diseases, and to form the future harvest.

Caring for peach in the spring involves timely releasing the branches and roots from the protective cover so as not to create diaper rash on the trunk. At the same time, protective measures should be carried out and fertilizing should be carried out in accordance with the schedule. As soon as the flower buds begin to swell, within 3 weeks it is time for the gardener to form a crown. The event is responsible, requiring practical skills and well-sharpened tools. How to properly prune peaches in spring, watch the video for beginners:

The main goals of spring pruning:

• rid the tree of fattening branches;
• provide access to sunlight for fruiting shoots;
• remove old branches that already have few fruitful shoots.

It must be remembered that pruning is an operation during which the tree can be weakened. It should be as gentle as possible. You cannot immediately cover the wet cut with garden varnish after pruning. Apply protective layer it is possible after 3-4 days to avoid gum development.

Only a well-groomed, strong tree can decorate a garden and bear delicious, aromatic fruits.

Spring peach pruning - video

• peach seedling or pit
• gardening tools: shovel and hoe
• fertilizers
• perseverance

Peach - very ancient plant, known 3 thousand years ago. China is considered the birthplace of the peach, from where it was transferred to the Middle East. Peach belongs to the pink family and has two types - ordinary (the skin is covered with light fluff) and smooth (nectarine). On average, a peach tree can produce a harvest of up to 120 kg within 15 years. Peach grows best in subtropical climates, where its height reaches eight meters. Peach is heat-loving and does not tolerate temperatures below -25°C.

It's worth knowing when and how peach blossoms. Usually in mid-April, the branches of the tree are covered with pale pink or white single flowers, large or small, depending on the variety. A feature of the flowering process is the appearance of buds before the first leaves. The flowering period lasts up to 12 days. The first fruits appear on average after 120 days. It is recommended to pluck ovaries less than 2 cm long.

The question often arises - how to grow a peach from a pit? The answer is simple: in the fall, a worm-free seed of a ripe fruit is taken from a rooted (ungrafted) tree, placed in water for a week, which needs to be changed every day. Next, you need to dry the seed and, placing it on the edge, carefully prick it without damaging the sprout inside. The seed is planted in the ground to a depth of 8 cm at a distance of a couple of meters from mature trees. In spring, it is better to water the sprout abundantly and feed it with humus. When the height reaches 70 cm, it is recommended to do a little pruning of the branches, and next year you can safely form the crown of the tree. The first harvest is expected in the third year after planting the seed.

If waiting three years for the first fruits seems too long, then you can use seedlings. Here are the basic tips on how to plant a peach. Choose the southern side, which must be well-lit, on which strawberries, melons, and clover and nightshade crops were not grown in previous years. The depth and width of the hole is about 50cm, fertilizers are placed at the bottom, then the seedling is placed evenly and the roots of the tree are covered with loosened soil. You need to pour manure on top, 300 g charcoal, 50 grams of superphosphate or potassium chloride and pour out three buckets of water. The landing time can be either spring or early autumn. In winter, the seedling should be covered with a bag of straw or cardboard box. In summer, the tree is watered with 2 buckets of water per 1 square meter.

When growing this fruit tree It is important to know how to trim a peach. This procedure is performed for the first time when the tree reaches a height of 70 cm. Next, it is recommended to trim old and dry branches every spring, and treat the cut areas with garden varnish. This allows you to rejuvenate the tree and increase its vitality. Autumn pruning characteristic only of the southern regions. Also, when choosing a variety, do not forget that it is best to plant a tree of local varieties, which will increase your chances of getting good harvests. Spare no effort to in early spring admire delicate flowers, and in the summer enjoy the delicate aroma and natural beauty of the taste of this fruit delicacy.

Peach blossom

Flowers

Since ancient times, the peach tree has been revered as sacred. Beautiful shade blossoming peach has its own, different from plum and others fruit crops Charm. The areas famous for growing these fruits are beautiful at any time of the year, especially in spring. They can be called a real peach kingdom.
The time for flowering will not come soon, but why not study photography techniques in advance, so that later, when the moment comes, without wasting time, go take pictures, using the tips received not only for photographing blooming peaches, but also for any other blooming garden plants.

Photography techniques:

1. Try to show the beauty of the “peach kingdom” by taking photographs wide angle lens.
2. Take a photo close-up a separate branch or peach flowers.
3. Use a polarizing filter to increase color saturation and show the mountain line more clearly.
4. Make negative exposure compensation to deepen the color of the petals.
5. Experiment with multiple exposures - it will create interesting effect mitigation.
6. Try creating spring landscape photographs by placing objects other than peach blossoms in the frame.

You will need:

Lens
It is best to have not only a wide-angle lens, but also a macro lens

Tripod and cable release
Helps avoid blurry pictures due to hand shake

Polarizing filter
Used to add color saturation and contrast. For autofocus cameras, use a circular polarizing filter (C-PL filter)

1. Try to show the beauty of the “peach kingdom” by photographing with a wide-angle lens.

In photo 35-A, the author wanted to use a camera with a wide-angle lens to show a field of peach trees spreading widely around, a real kingdom. Pictures taken horizontally and vertically often produce very different impressions, so try photographing in two versions and then compare the results.

The basic setting for landscape photography (landscape photography) is a closed aperture, and, therefore, a maximum depth of field across the entire field, to infinity. The depth of field in front of and behind the focal point is related as one to two, so to ensure that all objects in the frame are clearly visible, focus (place the focusing window) on a point approximately one-third behind the subject. If you have a preview mode on your camera, use it before releasing the shutter to make sure that all the necessary objects in the frame fall within the sharp area of ​​the image.

If the weather is clear, we recommend taking a photo of the peach blossoms from a low point, against a blue sky. Photo 35-B was taken from the very base of the tree, from bottom to top, with most of the frame occupied by a blossoming peach, which is the main subject of the photo. With such a composition, you can take photographs with automatic focusing, but it is still better to manually focus on the object in the foreground to be safe.

Early morning is best for photographing peach tree orchards. Besides that side lighting will highlight vertical planes tree trunks and will add dimension to the image, shooting early will also avoid large crowds of people in the field of view, which usually occurs later in the day in popular tourist places.
It is also important to follow the rules of conduct when filming. If you take photographs during work, warn people nearby and obtain their consent so as not to disturb them.

2. Take a close-up photo of an individual branch or peach blossoms.

When shooting a single branch, it is important to balance the number of colors. Photo 35-C is a decorative peach. Two overhanging branches were chosen so the photo was taken vertically. The two branches complement each other in color, creating a balanced shot.

When photographing flowers macro, choose from a variety of candidates that are especially impressive in shape. Peach has a more saturated color of branches compared to plum and cherry, and if there are many of them, the flowers can look pale, so try to choose a composition so that the branches are not too noticeable in the frame.
It is also important to choose the right light so that the flowers look most beautiful. If, for example, the flowers are in the shade, you can direct light onto them using a reflector and show all the beauty color shades. Photo 35-D was taken with almost vertical incident rays. Young leaves bring greenery into the frame, shading the flowers.

3. Use a polarizing filter to display the mountain line more clearly.

In areas where peach cultivation is widespread, you can find views where mountains rise behind fields of peach trees. A wide-spread peach grove against the backdrop of a majestic mountain range is a picture that is definitely worth capturing in photographs.

At the time when the peach trees are in full bloom, even in clear weather the mountains are often shrouded in haze, and therefore appear blurry in the photo. In situations like this, a polarizing filter comes in very handy. Its use slightly increases the contrast and color saturation, allowing you to achieve a clearer image in photographs of a mountain range. The combination of colors - the remnants of snow caps on the peaks, the blue sky and the rich pink hue of peach flowers looks especially bright thanks to the filter (Photo 35-E).

4. Make negative exposure compensation to deepen the color of the petals.

As a rule, you can take photographs with automatic exposure metering, but in the cases described below, there is a need for compensation. Depending on the situation and shooting conditions, determine the required degree of exposure compensation. In modern digital cameras it's not difficult at all!

To make the color of the flowers more saturated, try making a slight negative exposure compensation. Optimal values ​​are in the range -0.5~-1.0. Photo F was taken with automatic metering, Photo 30-G was taken with exposure compensation -0.7. When comparing them, you can see that in the second photo the shades of red are more saturated, and this enhances the impression of the photo.

If the background for the photo is clear sky, its brightness may result in underexposure (Photo 35-H), so positive compensation is required. Photo 35-G was taken with +1.5 compensation, and therefore it turned out lighter and the color shade was more impressive. Feel free to experiment with exposure correction and choose the best!

5. Experiment with multiple exposures - this will create an interesting softening effect.

When photographing flowers, a soft filter is often used to create a slight blur, but it is interesting to try photographing using multiple exposures. An example is photo 35-J: the focus blur effect is somewhat different from what soft filters create, and if your camera allows you to take pictures with multiple exposures, be sure to try it when shooting.

Focus manually, make negative exposure compensation by one stop. Compensation must be done as many times as you expose the frame (in this case, twice). Turn on multiple exposure mode and click the shutter for the first time with normal focus on the subject. On the second exposure, use the focus ring to shift the focus closer to the foreground, this will result in the desired blur. Be careful - if the focus is shifted the other way around, behind the object, the desired image softening effect will not be achieved.

6. Try creating spring landscape photographs with objects other than peach blossoms in the frame.

When the peach trees are in full bloom, many other flowers are blooming around. Try to capture the riot spring bloom, creating compositions from peach trees and flowers growing nearby.

Photo 35-L, like the previous one, was taken according to the two-thirds rule. Field greens competition, yellow color dandelions, blue speedwell and rich pink peach created a beautiful photo.

Also, probably, an interesting scene for shooting would be a peaceful spring picture of working farmers, or tourists enjoying the view flowering trees. Photo 35-M conveys the atmosphere of a spring weekend: people sketch a grove of peaches in full bloom against the backdrop of a mountain range still covered with remnants of snow.

Photography: Nikon Support Center, Sadao Tomiya.
Russian edition: Evgeny Shved, member of the Guild of Advertising Photographers, Moscow

alika2010.wordpress.com

Description and features of the Donetsk yellow peach variety

The fruits of all varieties of peaches are valued for their juiciness, amazing taste and aroma; they are used not only in fresh, but they make delicious jams, jams, jellies, candied fruits, and add them to cakes and pastries. And a lot can be said about the benefits of peach - it helps improve the functioning of the cardiovascular system, normalize liver function, promotes the formation of hemoglobin, has cleansing properties, is widely used in dietary nutrition and as a general tonic.
All these qualities are inherent in such a wonderful peach variety as Donetsk yellow. This is a high-yielding variety that appeared in the Donetsk representative office of the Institute of Horticulture. It was bred through the efforts of breeder L.I. Taranenko in 1960. The specialist managed to create a new high-quality variety of peach from the seeds that were brought from the city of Gelendzhik. For a long period of time, the variety was propagated by specialists from the Donetsk nursery, and a little later it became popular not only in the Donbass and other regions of Ukraine, but also in Russia.

The fruit tree of the Donetsk yellow type is a tall crop with a fairly dense round crown. The leaves are also large in size and have a beautiful dark green hue, and annual shoots, on the contrary, are light green, but you can see an interesting carmine tan on them. Peach flowers are also very large and have a pleasant pink tint. Donetsk yellow is a self-fertile variety, its fruits weigh up to approximately 150 g, some can reach 220 g.

Characteristic for fruits round form, sometimes they come in the shape of a wide oval, somewhat flattened on both sides, and a specific abdominal suture is also quite visible visually on the surface. The fruits have a pale yellow peel with an exquisite blurred blush on the surface. Unripe peaches have a greenish-yellow skin color, the same as the flesh of the fruit. It is dense in consistency and has a yellow-orange color right next to the peel. The taste of Donetsk yellow can be called quite sweet, with a pleasant acidity. The seed of the fruit is large and it is almost impossible to separate it from the pulp. When tasting by experts, this peach variety received a good rating of 4.9 points.

According to the duration of the growing season, this variety fruit tree very close to the Kyiv early, but its need for heat at this time is greater. Just like the control variety Kyiv ranniy, Donetsk yellow begins to bear fruit no earlier than the third year after planting, and maximum amount harvest can be expected in the fourth year. The early fruiting rate is average; in years favorable for the wintering of flower buds, the amount of harvest collected from each fruit tree can be about 50–60 kg.

Advantages and disadvantages

Most varieties of peaches today are adapted to our climatic conditions.
But still, before purchasing for your garden plot any variety of peach tree, you should familiarize yourself with its characteristics. The Donetsk yellow variety has a lot of undeniable advantages, for which it has been loved by experienced and novice gardeners for many years.

Among them is the good resistance of the crop to severe frosts. As experience shows, in one year the Donetsk yellow trees froze by 1.7 points, while for the Kyiv early and Redhaven varieties this figure was more than 2 points. In addition, the variety we are describing has excellent restorative properties - even those trees that freeze to the level of fallen snow are able to fully restore their strength the next year and produce good harvest. If we talk about the winter hardiness of flower buds, then Donetsk yellow has higher indicators than most other large-fruited varieties.

Has large fruits High Quality, which have good taste. Fruits also tolerate transportation normally, but only if they are transported unripe, since when fully ripe they can become covered with unpleasant dark spots.

Disadvantages include non-simultaneous ripening of fruit pulp, as well as possible damage powdery mildew and leaf curl.

In order to prevent curling, which most often leads to curling and dying of leaves in early May, makes the fruits small and inhibits their normal ripening, takes away strength for correct height and development in the tree itself, preventive treatment should be carried out with special preparations.

Video “Pruning a peach”

The video demonstrates how to properly prune a peach and what tools are needed for this.

When does the peach blossom?

peach blossom Peach actually refers to rose family and includes two types: ordinary and smooth, that is, nectarine. The peach thrives best in a warm subtropical climate, as it cannot tolerate temperatures below -25 degrees Celsius. In Georgia peach trees covered with their beautiful and delicate flowers of pale pink or white approximately in the middle of April. Once, I remember, peaches bloomed on April 8, because it was especially warm early spring. The flowering period of peach trees lasts somewhere up to 12 days.

The flowering of a peach depends on its type and on the placement of the tree too. If your peach grows in the shade, then it will bloom later than a peach in the sun. On average, it is already in mid-April, you can see peach blossoms. Very beautiful flowers peach has a pink tint, large in size, similar to apricot. Blooming peach orchards are a paradise for bees. It is also very beautiful if you get into such a garden during flowering. The biggest and beautiful gardens peaches can be seen in Crimea. It’s a shame that just when the peach is blooming, you need to cut off its branches in order for the peach harvest to be large and sweet, so it’s a pity to cut off these flowering branches and throw them on the ground.

When does the peach blossom?

It probably depends on climate zone and current weather conditions. Last Saturday (April 11) we were in one of the garden centers (a store similar to Russian gardening supplies) - seedlings in pots were already put out on the street and blooming luxuriously.

I couldn’t resist and took a photo.

Until the peach had leaves after winter season it begins to bloom. And this flowering occurs in the middle and last months of winter. Already in spring, peach leaves appear and flowers fall off.

The peak of flowering, when we can see pink flowers on peach trees, is in February, so now is the best time to enjoy peach blossoms.

The flowering of a peach depends on its type and on the placement of the tree too. If your peach grows in the shade, then it will bloom later than a peach in the sun.

On average, it is already in mid-April, you can see peach blossoms. Peach flowers are very beautiful with a pink tint, large in size, similar to apricots.

Blooming peach orchards are a paradise for bees. It is also very beautiful if you get into such a garden during flowering. The largest and most beautiful peach gardens can be seen in Crimea.

It’s a shame that just when the peach is blooming, you need to cut off its branches in order for the peach harvest to be large and sweet, so it’s a pity to cut off these flowering branches and throw them on the ground.

This year our peach bloomed for the first time, a young seedling; yesterday I just noticed flowers on it (end of April, western Belarus). How beautiful they are! I used to admire cherry blossoms and apricots, but the peach surpassed them in beauty.

In warmer regions, of course, it blooms earlier.

Peaches are divided into three types based on flowering: early, middle and late flowering. Difference between flowering periods different varieties peach is approximately 2-2.5 weeks (16-17 days).

Early varieties of peaches in Crimea bloom already in March; in the central part of Ukraine, peaches bloom much later than apricots, at the end of April (if the weather is good), and generally Peaches in Ukraine bloom in May.

How many days does a peach blossom? Peach blooms for up to two weeks (10-12 days).

I lived for several years in sunny Georgia, where peach blossom each time it filled me with great admiration. Peach is actually a very ancient plant, its homeland is China.

Peach actually refers to rose family and includes two types: ordinary and smooth, that is, nectarine. The peach thrives best in a warm subtropical climate, as it cannot tolerate temperatures below -25 degrees Celsius.

In Georgia peach trees covered with their beautiful and delicate flowers of pale pink or white color approximately in the middle of April. Once, I remember, peaches bloomed on April 8, because a particularly warm early spring arrived. The flowering period of peach trees lasts somewhere up to 12 days.

Peach blooms quite early, but again it all depends on the region of residence and the climate. IN northern regions peach does not grow at all, since it loves warmth very much. And its flowering usually begins in April, and in some places it may bloom later.

Peach (Persica)

Peach, peach tree(lat. Persica) - woody plant family Rosaceae, relative of the almond tree. Common peach (Persica vulgaris) - is a tree, up to 8 m high, with pink flowers appearing before the leaves. The homeland of peach is China; this country currently ranks first in its industrial cultivation.

Peach is a heat-loving tree. Most varieties do not tolerate temperatures below -25°C. Trees reach a height of up to 4 m, with a crown up to 6 m in diameter. Peach blooms in mid or late April, for 10-12 days. Peaches of early varieties ripen 3 months after flowering, mid-early ones - after 3-4 months, late ones - after 4-5 months.

Peach usually bears fruit 2-4 years after planting, within 10-15 years. Depending on the variety, the fruits have different weights - from 200 to 300 g, pubescent or smooth (nectarines), round or flattened (figs). Peach trees are different high yield, from one tree you can get 30-50 kg of fruit. By the way, peaches are one of the three most delicious fruits along with oranges and mangoes.

Types of peach trees:

• Common peach(Persica vulgaris) – or true peach, with pubescent fruits. As part of the common peach species, two varieties have been identified: with pink flowers (Persica vulgaris rosaeflora) and with bell-shaped flowers ( Persica vulgaris campanulaeflora).
• Nectarine(Persica nucipersica ) – peaches without pubescence or bare-fruited peaches.
• Potanin's Peach(Persica potaninii ) – or Almond Potanin.
• Fig peachor Fergana peach ( Persica ferganensis), or Chinese peach - peaches with flattened fruits. A relative of the almond tree.

Peaches for growing in Ukraine – popular varieties:

Early varieties: fruit ripening in July - first half of August:

• Forest-steppe . Yield variety peach, one tree can produce 30-50 kg of fruit. The fruits are medium-sized (90-150g), ripen in mid-July - early August, the pulp is well separated from the stone.
• Kiev nectarine . Average yield variety – 20-30 kg per tree. The fruits are medium size (60-80g), ripening time is the first half of August. The taste is sweet and sour, the bone is semi-separated from the pulp.
• Kyiv early. Peach of medium height, winter-hardy (-27-33°C ), high-yielding. The fruits are medium size (85-150g), ripen in mid-July. The pulp is juicy and tender. Fruiting begins 3 years after planting.
  

Medium varieties: fruit ripening in August:

• Slavutich. It has increased winter hardiness and is productive (30-50 kg per tree). Medium-sized, bears fruit 3-4 years after planting, in the second half of August. The fruits are medium (80-140g), the pulp is separated from the stone.
• Favorite.High-yielding variety - up to 50-60 kg per tree. The fruits are large (150-170g), ripen in the second half of August. The pulp is easily separated from the stone.
• Nectarine Mine Grand. High-yielding variety - 50-70 kg per tree. The fruits are large (150-200g), ripen in mid-August. The pulp is juicy, of high taste. It begins to bear fruit at 3-4 years. It is characterized by increased winter hardiness.
  

Mid-late varieties: fruit ripening at the end of August:

• Augustovsky. It is distinguished by its large fruit. The fruits weigh from 170-180g to 250-300g, are juicy, sweet and sour, the pulp is easily separated from the stone.
• Bely Lebedeva. Drought-resistant, frost-resistant peach variety. The fruits are medium (140-160g), ripen at the end of August.
• Donetsk yellow . Self-fertile variety, does not need pollinators. Fruit weighing from 130-150g to 220g, juicy, sweet with a pleasant sourness. Productivity is high: 50-60 kg per tree.
  

Three rules for peach pruning- when and how to trim a peach. To do this, let's talk a little about the biology of the peach tree. Apple tree flowers tolerate frosts down to - 3 °C, and peach flowers tolerate frosts up to - 5 °C, and the buds themselves tolerate frosts (night, spring) even more up to - 7 °C, which are very dangerous for them.

And in the ovary - 1 °C is already enough for it to die. Therefore, the answer is clear - prune the peach as late as possible, thereby delaying its flowering.

And peaches bloom for a very long time, up to 20 days, they do not bloom at the same time, that is, on the same branch there can be both flowers and ovaries, the pink bud phase.

If we cut a peach- there were several thousand flowers on it, but let’s leave a few hundred. And it will literally bloom here in a few days, form ovaries and these ovaries will be exposed to frost. This should not be allowed. Well, in general, Northern China is considered the birthplace of peach; this suggests the conclusion that this is a stable plant, even moreover, cold winters have a beneficial effect on the formation of flower buds and ovaries.

Temperature changes from + °C warm to - °C cold have a very bad effect on plant development. And the peaches that do not have time to enter peace die. The climate is different everywhere from dry subtropics in the south to a temperate continental climate in the court areas and the central part. Well, it was all theory, but experience is the son of difficult mistakes - now let’s talk about practice.

The first rule for pruning a peach.

Peach pruning should be done according to color in the spring from the second half of April to the beginning of May. And with this technology, the yields will always be good. We will trim the peach as late as possible, thereby preserving the harvest.

Rule two for pruning peaches.

This is a rough rule sanitary pruning peach Feel like a sculptor, you need to take it in your hands cutting tool and trim off all excess on the tree. But now we need to say a little more about the biology of the plant. It has two features: the peach is a very light-loving plant; it does not tolerate shade.

Second feature- the bulk of the nutrients rush to the top of this tree along the vertical branches, and our task with this sanitary pruning is to reduce the crown of the peach. Because these are the ones nutrients they go up and drive the entire harvest there to the periphery. As a result, the lower branches become depleted and the tree simply dies. Anything above 2.5-3 m is no longer a peach, but a candidate for firewood. In 3-4 years this tree will weaken and disappear.

Now let's talk about peach pruning- pruning is a surgical operation. The cutting tool must be clean and disinfected. For this purpose, a medical drug is used - it is called chlorhexidine bigluconate. This good antiseptic, it is antimicrobial, destroys viruses, and has fungicidal properties. The pruning shears are treated with it; the treatment is carried out after pruning each tree.

And now we start pruning, Firstly main enemy peach is a vertically growing shoot, a branch, they steal from all the other branches, so they are cut off (to a thorn). Then we remove diseased branches, dried branches, not very healthy ones (on a thorn).

Why trim branches to a thorn?- peach wood is very soft and susceptible to various kinds of diseases, and after pruning, as soon as these stump-thorns dry out, they need to be treated with garden varnish. Var is now sold in tubes - it is convenient and very good. This processing must be done.

We remove the branches inside the tree and lighten the crown. And we get a bowl with shoots growing at an angle of 45 degrees. Thus, we lightened the crown, removed vertically growing shoots and bouquet branches (this was our task) and performed the second stage of pruning.

The third rule for pruning peach trees.

Let's get to the main part about pruning- get good fruits and lay the foundation for next year’s harvest. For this purpose, there is a pruning technology, it is called differently - either for a replacement knot, a fruit link, or a fruit pair. Well, to make it clearer, we will focus on the fruit link.

We remove everything that exceeds 45 degrees mercilessly. And so our task is to formulate this year, grow a good harvest and lay the foundation for the harvest for next year.

We prune the tree in pairs, the upper branch is cut by 1/3 for fruiting, and next to it the lower one is cut into 2 buds from which 2 shoots will grow (fruit-bearing and replacement) and the operation will be repeated again in the spring. Peach bears fruit only on shoots of annual growth.