Corner furniture screed installation. All generations of furniture ties. Start

The manufacture and assembly of furniture is impossible without the use of fasteners. And although the buyer does not always pay attention to such trifles, furniture fasteners affect not only appearance products, but also on service life and quality.

Connecting fittings for furniture

Fasteners for furniture have appeared relatively recently. In the old days, when working with wood, they used locking joints - tenons, wedges, dowels and glue. The beauty and reliability of wood products depended on carpentry skills. Today there are many special furniture fasteners. Connecting furniture fittings differ in installation method, purpose, reliability and, finally, cost. There are many types of fasteners. The simplest and most basic of them are nails and screws. All kinds of ties are more complex furniture fasteners, the photo shows only some of them. Connecting fasteners ensure the interaction of furniture elements with each other.

Application of fasteners

When assembling furniture parts, confirmats, screws and nails are most often used as fastening elements. Nails are used to upholster upholstered furniture or secure fiberboard to the back walls of a cabinet. Nails with decorative heads are used as decoration. In the production of furniture, individual parts made of chipboard, plywood or wood are fastened together using confirmats. They are made of steel and coated with white zinc. Equipped with a rare thread and a blunt tip. The countersunk head has a hexagonal slot, which is provided for special key. The panels are secured to the main furniture frame and shelves with confirmations. Screws are usually used to attach handles, hooks, strips and other furniture fasteners - corners and ties, used when connecting main load-bearing elements structures and for their fixation. Shelves and tabletops are often also secured using furniture corners. And although the corner is used less and less due to the fact that the fastening parts are visible, for assembly inexpensive furniture he is quite acceptable.

Other types of furniture fasteners

One of the old types of connection is a dowel. This is a high-quality, reliable and cheap mount. Once assembled it is completely unnoticeable. To connect the parts you need the dowel itself, a drill, a hammer and PVA glue. Installation of the element requires some skill and accuracy of marking.

It is hardly noticeable and ensures the strength of the connection. Manufacturers call this type of ties differently: minifix, rafix, rondofix. It consists of an eccentric, a fitting and a rod. The difference between the fasteners is the diameter of the eccentric.

The screw coupler, or barrel, consists of two elements. The barrel has a nut inside. The screw is tightened tightly, which creates strength and reliability of fastening. The screw head on the side surface can be closed with a plug. The screed is difficult to install and requires precision in the intersection of parts.

Screws and self-tapping screws are furniture fasteners of approximately the same shape. They differ in tip, slot and type of thread. They are made from high quality materials With anti-corrosion coating. They are used without preliminary drilling of the materials being fastened, which speeds up the installation process itself.

Glass fastenings

Noteworthy is the increasingly used furniture made of glass and mirrors. These are magazine, serving and dining tables. Cabinets, stands and stands for flowers. Cabinets, counters and bar counters. Glass is a fragile material. Fastenings for such furniture must have a large margin of safety, be aesthetic and original. They are made of metal and equipped with rubber or silicone gaskets. Fastening fittings for glass products are divided into adhesive and drilled. The easiest to install are fasteners that are first attached with glue and then secured with screws. But there are weight restrictions - no more than 25 kg. Furniture fasteners that require drilling are capable of holding heavy weight connected elements. For holes, use a special set of drills. The set of similar accessories for glass furniture is quite wide: hinges, door handles and locks, stoppers, closers, brackets, shelf holders, legs and much, much more.

Bed accessories

There is a wide variety of transformation mechanisms for beds, armchairs, corner and chairs. They allow you to fold/unfold upholstered furniture, providing the room with a full-fledged sleeping place. The main furniture fasteners for beds are ties and hooks. Bolts, angles, and pins are also used as connecting elements. Connecting fittings can be made of steel, chrome steel, zinc, galvanized. There is a wide variety of shapes and sizes of connecting elements. The transformation mechanism used in the beds makes it possible to lift sleeping area vertically upward or from one of the sides. Under the bed you can arrange containers for bed linen. When assembling any structures, furniture fasteners play an important role for a strong and high-quality connection.

No assembly plant can do without fasteners. This statement fully applies to furniture assembly, in which, in addition to standard fastening and connecting hardware, specialized fasteners are widely used, which are not used anywhere except in the production and assembly of furniture.

Fasteners in professional slang are called “ties”, and some of them have a non-standard design, and a number of fastening and fastening elements are developed for a specific furniture product. Unified couplers have a rather limited range and often require the use of specialized tools.

Types of fasteners

Today, in the manufacture of any type of furniture, they use the following types ties, which significantly simplify the process of assembly operations and increase the strength of structures:

Let's take a closer look at each category of furniture fastening and assembly fittings and the features of their use.

Confirmat (furniture screw, self-tapping screw) is not only the most common type of fastening elements for furniture, but also the easiest to use. It is mainly used when joining two furniture boards at an angle of 90.0°. When installing the structure, it is necessary to comply with certain requirements to ensure the durability and strength of the product as a whole:

• distance from the edge of the part to the first screw;
• pitch between individual fasteners;
• correspondence of the diameter of the hardware to the thickness of the slab.

On a note!

To connect two parts, it is necessary to drill holes of different diameters. In the main part it must correspond to the body of the screw, and in the attracted part it must correspond to the diameter of its head. For drilling, special confirmat drills are used, the body of which has a stepped diameter.

The use of this type of fastener has its own specifics and has a number of disadvantages:

On a note!

To mask the screw head, either decorative plugs or self-adhesive stickers are used. The plugs have a color that quite accurately matches the color of the furniture board, and the stickers completely imitate the texture of the surface.

Eccentric couplers

At industrial production various items Furniture eccentric couplers are widely used. At self-production interior products, this type of fastener is not widespread due to the complexity of drilling holes, which requires compliance high accuracy, and some types of eccentrics require special tools.

The design of the coupling element consists of two parts - an eccentric and a pin, which are installed in two different parts, connected at an angle of 90.0°. The main advantage of this connection method is its secrecy. It does not affect the appearance of the furniture product and does not require additional masking. Equally important is the ability to repeatedly assemble and disassemble the structure without compromising its strength and rigidity. individual parts. Exist special types eccentric couplers, which allow you to connect furniture boards at angles other than straight.

On a note!

To install the eccentric, a special drill is required, so the developers try to unify the eccentric diameter as much as possible. Most samples have a diameter of 15.0 millimeters. The Fosner drill used for drilling blind holes for the eccentric eliminates the need to create a larger depth in the slab than necessary.

Assembly and connection of hotel furniture parts is carried out in the following sequence:

• an eccentric is inserted into a blind hole drilled on the base (main) part;
• a rod (pin) is passed through the through hole of the second part;
• the pin is screwed into the eccentric body;
• after this, the eccentric is turned and fixed;
• the parts are attracted to each other and the necessary connection force is ensured.

Intersectional

An intersectional tie is a specially shaped screw and nut that allows parallel furniture panels to be connected to each other. This type is most widely used in the assembly of modular and sectional furniture. The number of connecting elements is selected depending on the area of ​​the connected planes. The nuts have different lengths, which depend on the thickness of the panels being joined.

On a note!

This type of fittings is widely used for self-assembly modular furniture. Before the beginning assembly work individual sections or modules are fixed to each other using clamps. After this, holes of the appropriate diameter are drilled in the joining surfaces according to preliminary markings.

The design of the tension connector makes it easy to reformat, creating separate sections interiors with a wide variety of designs, layouts and shapes. If, when reformatting the modules, the holes for the screed become unnecessary, they are simply masked with decorative plugs.

Furniture corners

Furniture corners are gradually becoming a thing of the past, but are still widely used for independent or individual production home environment. Today the industry produces:

• metal (power) corner fastening fittings;
• plastic corners, which are used for fastening and installing auxiliary or decorative elements.

Power angles are attached using special furniture bolts or insert threaded fittings, and installation does not cause difficulties and can be carried out using glue.

Special types of ties

Often, when creating exclusive furniture designers provide for the use of unique connecting and fastening elements manufactured in single copies. From special types of screeds greatest distribution Received fasteners for countertops. It is designed to connect two separate halves of the dining table planes into a single whole.

A hairpin and two “C”-shaped ones are installed in the lower plane of the tabletop, which requires drilling a cylindrical recess in it and milling a groove. The minimum number of ties per table is two units.

In addition, among fastening and connecting fittings, they are quite widely used. different kinds shelf holders.

Conclusion

The review shows the most common types of fastening and tightening furniture fittings. However, to ensure strength and rigidity as individual elements, and the product as a whole, it is necessary to accurately mark and strictly follow the technology of preparatory and assembly work.

From the video tutorial you will learn in more detail how to correctly use confirmat to connect furniture elements.

Modern furniture amazes with its unusual design and versatility. It is made from both expensive and budget types materials. Today, the production of furniture paraphernalia has improved. Available for sale various models interior furnishings.

High-quality fittings and fasteners ensure reliability and long service life. These components are made from various types metal alloys. Manufacturers of furniture fasteners use special technology hardening of metal blanks. Thanks to this, bolts and screws are able to withstand any mechanical impact.

Modern types of furniture fasteners

Specialized departments offer many types of furniture fasteners. Almost all of them belong to the same type, this is a threaded screw. The design consists of a wide bolt and nut. During the assembly process, they tightly fix the various parts together. They are used to make kitchen tables, cabinet and upholstered furniture.

The main requirement of such components is their aesthetic appearance. In simple terms, they must be invisible against the general background of the structure. High-quality furniture paraphernalia should not have any defects on its surface.

In addition, other types of fasteners are available for sale. These include:

• bolts with driven nuts. The main advantage of such products is their reliability. The product is strong;
• confirmation It belongs to the screw type of fastener. The principle of operation resembles self-tapping screws or a hex screw. These products provide quick assembly furniture design, as well as its aesthetic appearance;
• eccentric couplers. Almost all quality products consists of such elements. They provide good fixation of each part. In addition, they allow you to increase the speed of assembly;
• wooden corners. This type was used more than ten years ago, but due to their reliability they are used for the production of modern furniture.

The stores offer a catalog of furniture fasteners. It concentrates more than 100 types of metal products for the production of one or another type of furniture paraphernalia.

What fasteners to use for glass furniture

Modern models consist of many glass and glossy panels. To fix them, special types of fasteners are used. Silicone and rubber gaskets help reduce friction.

They prevent damage to the glass panel during the assembly process. Most of the parts are glued with a special adhesive. The fittings consist of lightweight metals. Thanks to this, all the details are in harmony with each other. Hidden furniture fasteners are used here.

For larger models, corners, hinges and locks are used. Thin screws and self-tapping screws with plastic attachments help secure these elements.

Fastenings for upholstered furniture

The purpose of furniture fasteners is obvious - it is fastening furniture elements together. For the production of upholstered furniture paraphernalia they use whole line fasteners. It includes: corners, silicone gaskets, screws, bolts, hex nuts. All these parts consist of durable metals, such as: zinc, tin, chromium.

For example, special rollers, brackets, hex bolts and furniture nails will help you make a retractable mechanism. The finished product will have a lightweight drawer opening mechanism or be transformed into a new model.

For production wooden models use furniture fasteners for chipboard. These parts are made of zinc, which in turn is highly durable. Self-tapping screws securely fasten heavy elements between themselves.

Today, manufacturers are ready to provide many types of fasteners for various furniture. Usually everything necessary for its assembly comes with it.

If there is a need to replace any fasteners with a type that is more suitable for its function, look at numerous photos of furniture fasteners on the Internet. Then you can confidently choose what you really need.

Photo of furniture fasteners

Furniture screed is used only in furniture production. When making furniture, you should not use traditional fasteners instead of furniture ties, because she has special properties, which not only facilitate the assembly of furniture, but also allow you to hide the fasteners. Next, we will consider the most commonly used types of furniture screeds and their features.

Confirmat

The most common type of fastener is confirmat. At the same time the easiest to use. With its help, assembling furniture is easier and faster than using other types of furniture screed. Especially if during assembly you have to drill holes for fasteners yourself. Using a confirmat, two parts are connected at an angle of 90 degrees.

Fig.1.

In order to tighten the two parts, you need to drill two holes. One in one part, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the confirmator head, the other, at the end of the second part, of a smaller diameter equal to diameter threaded part.

As a rule, drills with a diameter of 6 and 5 mm are used for this, respectively. However, there is a combination drill available for drilling holes at the same time. It is very comfortable. There is no need to constantly rearrange drill bits or use two drills at the same time.

Fig.2.

Confirmat is a universal fastener, but it has some disadvantages and application features.

Confirmat should be used simultaneously with the use of dowels. This is a dowel wooden rod with a diameter of 6-8 mm and a length of 20-30 mm (in the photo below, next to the confirmation). The dowel acts as a guide and does not allow parts to move during tightening.

Fig.3.

Despite the fact that furniture assembled using confiramate can be assembled or disassembled, furniture made from laminated chipboard does not tolerate this very well. As a rule, after one disassembly, the furniture screed no longer holds well.

The confirmation should be wrapped carefully. Most best option manually or with a screwdriver at low speed. Otherwise, the confirmation thread turns into a drill, which breaks the hole.

Fig.4.

In order to recess the head into the body of the furniture part, you should use a wrench and do it carefully, otherwise there is a possibility of the thread breaking. Sometimes it is necessary to pre-calculate.

Confirmat refers to “visible” fasteners. Those. Unlike other types of fasteners, it remains visible, so it is necessary to use special plugs or stickers to hide the fasteners.

Fig.5.

Fig.6.

Eccentric coupler

An eccentric tie is more often used in the factory production of furniture. The reason for this is the difficulty of drilling holes. An eccentric coupler consists of two parts: a pin and an eccentric. The pin is installed in one part, and the eccentric in another.

Fig.7.

The main advantage of this type of fastener is that the fastener is hidden and therefore does not spoil the appearance of the furniture. In addition, this type of fastener, unlike confirmat, allows you to repeatedly assemble and disassemble furniture, which is important, for example, when moving. Also, using an eccentric coupler, you can connect parts at different angles.

When making furniture yourself, it is not often used due to the difficulty of drilling holes and the inability to correct the joint during assembly. The main difficulty in drilling holes lies in the hole for the eccentric. This hole is not through and requires the use of a special drill - a Forstner drill.

Fig.8.

Fig.9.

Fig. 10.

In this case, the sampling depth is about 12 mm, and the thickness of the chipboard is 16 mm. The remaining wall thickness is only 4 mm. There is a risk of drilling more than necessary, thereby damaging the piece of furniture. Therefore, when drilling holes for an eccentric tie, it is necessary to use drilling depth limiters.

Fig. 11.

Intersectional screed

This tie is a screw and nut with which two sections of furniture are pulled together, for example, two cabinets. To tie cabinets together, 2 to 4 sectional ties are used. Depending on the thickness of the chipboard, there are intersection screeds of various sizes.

Fig. 12.

Considering that the intersection screed is used to tie cabinets, and the cabinets, in turn, are made of laminated chipboard with a thickness of 16 mm, an intersection screed with a length of 32 mm is most often used. However, there are ties up to 50 mm long, which are used to tighten parts of greater thickness.

Fig. 13.

Shelf supports

There are a huge number of types of shelf supports. However, they can be divided into two groups: shelf holders for chipboards and shelf holders for glass. In turn, each of these groups can be divided into two types: shelf holders with and without fixation.

The shelf holder for laminated chipboard consists of 2 parts: a rod and a shelf holder.

Fig. 14.

The screw is installed in the cabinet wall, and the shelf holder is installed in the body of the shelf. To install the shelf holder, you need to drill holes in the shelf and cabinet wall. For most shelf supports, the hole sizes are standardized; they are shown in the figure below. However, when installing the shelf support, you should carefully read the instructions to avoid errors.

Fig. 15.

It should be noted that shelf holders for chipboard come with or without fixation. The shelf holder with fixation has an eccentric mechanism, thanks to which the shelf will be firmly connected to the cabinet wall. Shelf supports with fixation have one more advantage; shelf supports of this type serve as additional reinforcement of the furniture structure.

Fig. 16.

Glass shelf holders have more simple design. They are attached only to the cabinet walls using a self-tapping screw.

Fig. 17.

Shelf holders for glass without fixation are a rod or an angle. Shelf holders with fixation have a special screw with which the glass is firmly fixed and cannot accidentally fall out. Fig. 19. Screed for table tops. Provides reliable connection two pieces of countertops. To increase the accuracy of joining parts, it is advisable to use it together with a dowel. For a standard screed, non-through holes with a diameter of 35 mm and a depth of 19 mm are made in the connected parts of the tabletops. The distance between the holes should be 15 mm less than the length of the tie. The groove width must be at least 7 mm.

To tie two tabletops together, use a pair of ties. To install the tie rods, it is necessary to make recesses for the tie rod stops and a slot for the screw. This can be done different ways. Most affordable option next. The recess for the stops is made with a Forstner drill of a suitable diameter; the slot for the screw can be made using a jigsaw.

Fig.20.

Furniture corner

This type of fastener is used to connect two parts. This is a rather fragile connection method, so it is used to fasten parts that are not expected to be affected by heavy loads. Usually this decorative elements, for example, the base of a wardrobe or mezzanine shelves.

Fig.21.

Plastic corners are often used instead of metal ones. They are no less durable, but have a more attractive appearance and the possibility of hidden fasteners. The furniture corner is attached to two mating parts using two self-tapping screws. Then the lid is snapped on, thus hiding the fasteners.

Fig.22.

The furniture fasteners discussed in the article are the most common and most frequently used, due to the fact that these are the most versatile and easy-to-use types of fasteners. In the vast majority of cases, the types of furniture fasteners described are sufficient to assemble any furniture.

We have sorted out what furniture parts are made of, now we will look at how they are connected to each other. We will talk about furniture ties. Of course, in one article I will not be able to review all the existing ties, so I will consider only the main ones that I most often use in practice.

Screws

Or, as they are more often called today, self-tapping screws. This type of fastener is quite common, and in furniture of any class. In most cases, it is used to attach any decorative or functional elements, for example, guides, hooks, moldings, rear walls etc.

I most often use self-tapping screws with a length of 16 mm and 32 mm. The first ones are screwed into the face of 16 mm parts (without leaving reverse side), the second - at the end, are used to fix the rear walls, the bottom of drawers, etc., as well as for parallel connection two 16 mm parts (for example, fixing the front of a drawer).

It is not recommended to use self-tapping screws to connect parts together, since they do not hold well in this material and the connection will quickly become loose.

Confirmations

This is a type of self-tapping screw with a thicker, blunt-tipped shaft and a deep thread. On the hat cylindrical recess for a hexagon, not a Phillips screwdriver.

For such fasteners it is necessary to drill a hole, or rather two (for the rod - 5 mm and for the cap - 8 mm). The most convenient way to do this is with a special confirmation drill (see photo), but you can get by with two drills (5 and 8 mm).

This method of fixation is characterized by high reliability, ease of marking and installation (error up to 1 mm is possible), and a small visible part. Confirmation hat on finished product can be masked with a plastic plug various colors- can be selected for a specific product.

Mounting angles

Another fairly simple screed that can be useful for beginners is mounting angles. They are various shapes, sizes and materials. Let's start with the plastic ones.

Plastic corners

As the name suggests, they are made from plastic in various colors. They are fixed with a pair of screws, which are then closed with a decorative lid. It is better to use fasteners with a removable cover - as practice has shown, it does not fall off after a while.

There are also reinforced corners, which are fastened with four self-tapping screws, which means they are large in size.

The main advantages are ease of installation (there is one important trick that we will look at later) and invisibility of fasteners from the outside of the product. Despite its flimsy appearance, the shelf, standing on four such corners, withstood the weight of a sitting adult. The downside is that the fittings inside the box are quite large and can get caught on drawers, and just the fasteners are visually noticeable.

Metal corners

There is simply a huge variety of them, differing in size, shape, number of holes, etc.

They differ from plastic ones in better side connection strength, as well as size - due to its flat shape, they do not change the geometry of the product much, so they do not interfere with various moving parts.

The main disadvantage of such corners is that they are not decorative, so they should only be used in places inaccessible to the eye.

This drawback is designed to be eliminated by metal corners with a decorative cover, which snaps onto the finished connection, hiding it. Quite a lot of them are also produced. They, having all the advantages of metal fasteners, have a fairly decent appearance, allowing them to form visible ties.

All connections using self-tapping screws, when disassembled multiple times, significantly lose their strength to the point of complete failure.

Minifix

This is an eccentric coupler, which consists of two, rarely three components: the eccentric itself, the rod and sometimes the fitting. A rod is screwed into the fitting, but I usually use minifixes with a self-tapping rod - there is less hassle with them.

The main advantages include the detachability of the connection, and for the version with a foot it is larger, that is, it can be assembled and disassembled without loss of strength. Among the disadvantages is the complexity of installation - it is necessary to drill three holes with three different drills (5 mm, 8 mm and a 10 mm Forstner cutter), as well as a fairly large visible part (the eccentric itself); by the way, it can also be closed with a plastic or self-adhesive plug.

If a significant load is expected on the connection, then it is advisable to supplement the minifixes with dowels.

Dowels

These are wooden cylinders various diameters(8 mm is more relevant for furniture). It is not a screed in itself, because does not tighten the details.

It is used extremely rarely in isolation; it is advisable to strengthen the connection with glue. The main advantage is that it is completely invisible from the outside - not from any side!

Intersectional screed

I’ll tell you about one more screw connection, which, however, can be replaced with 32 mm self-tapping screws. This tie is used for detachable connection of two parallel parts (for example, two furniture boxes), it is characterized by fairly high strength and ease of installation. But both caps are clearly visible on both sides of the connection, which is not good (although, inside a cabinet or bedside table this is not very important).

There are also quite a few screw and eccentric couplers, but I usually don’t use them, and therefore I won’t describe them - the information received is quite enough for a novice furniture maker. The main selection criteria are inconspicuousness and sufficient fixation strength.