Plaster gas silicate blocks with cement mortar. How to plaster aerated concrete inside a house. Video: Plastering aerated concrete, preparing the base

One of the popular wall materials used for the construction of private houses is aerated concrete. But despite its fame, very often at the stage of finishing an already built house, fatal mistakes are made, due to which the natural microclimate is disrupted aerated concrete house. And before you start detailed description process of facade treatment, you need to understand why such misconceptions arise, how to avoid them, and what kind of plaster for aerated concrete façade should be.

A little about aerated concrete

To understand finishing issues, let's move a little away from this topic to understand how important it is to do everything correctly and what affects the cladding technology. To do this, you need to plunge into block production technology. And to briefly summarize its description, special additives are introduced into the finished cement-sand mortar, the result of which is the formation of a porous structure. If we look at the body of gas silicate concrete in more detail, we will notice not only microvoids, but also many channels dotting them, forming an “open” cellular structure that has a mass positive properties, such as:

• high heat capacity. It is provided not only by the porous body of the blocks, but also by their precise geometry, which allows the use of a minimal joining seam from a special adhesive composition that does not allow the formation of cold “bridges”;
• noise insulation;
• not susceptible to various fungal formations;
• the “open” structure of concrete creates a unique atmosphere indoors - it will remain cool in summer, and in cold period warm. But if this natural vapor permeability system is disrupted, for example, by improperly plastering walls made of aerated concrete, then the house will become stuffy, and condensation will begin to accumulate on the walls, which will lead to the appearance of mold.

But the cellular structure of aerated concrete blocks also has certain disadvantages:

• a high degree of water absorption leads to rapid destruction of walls without the possibility of restoration. Therefore, waterproofing is given Special attention;
• the structure, consisting of open pores, is very well ventilated, which makes the house quite cold, even despite good system heating;
• The heterogeneity of the body of blocks, even of the highest density, makes them susceptible to mechanical stress, which is imprinted in the form of large chips and potholes.

But is it necessary to plaster aerated concrete blocks or is it necessary to install a more thorough cladding? Of course, the ventilated facade system is an ideal option for decorative protection walls, but if you choose the best way to plaster aerated concrete on the outside and follow the technology, then this finishing method will be no less effective.

When is the best time to plaster gas silicate walls?

Aerated concrete belongs to the family cellular concrete, therefore it has some of its general properties, namely shrinkage. This phenomenon is inevitable, and if finishing is done earlier than six months later, then cracking is inevitable.

But as we remember, aerated concrete does not like water, so immediately after erecting the walls, they need to be treated with a deep penetration primer, which reduces water absorption. To be on the safe side, you can cover the walls with polyethylene.

The rest of the plastering is best done in the summer, but if the planned finishing occurs during a colder period of the year, then it can be carried out when the temperature at night does not drop below 0 0 C.

The quality of an erected aerated concrete structure directly depends on the sequence of finishing the interior and exterior of the building. Let's consider possible methods, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages.

Method 1 - parallel plastering inside and outside the house

The production of such finishing is very convenient from a technical point of view and significantly saves time. But if we consider this method from the other side, then it is less preferable, since the quality is lost and the characteristics of the newly built house suffer.

Any technology for plastering aerated concrete walls involves significant evaporation of moisture. Of course, most of it will weather away with the help of natural and artificial ventilation, but the bulk of the moisture will be on the walls. Plastering the outside at the same time will clog it on certain time, which is undesirable.

Method 2 - when exterior finishing is carried out first

It is more logical to initially finish the walls made of aerated concrete from the outside in order to prevent their destruction under the influence of atmospheric phenomena. But this is not entirely true; if you do this, the vapors will be directed inward, which is extremely undesirable.

But even primed walls that have overwintered will easily give up moisture and all the vapors in the spring, without destroying the structure. But if a house is built near a body of water, then priorities change, and under such circumstances, you first need to protect the walls from the street from exposure to abundant moisture.

Method 3 - when interior finishing is done first

Of the proposed options, this is the best, because the volume of moisture formed during finishing will freely come out through the unclogged pores of aerated concrete. After the plaster has completely dried, you can safely begin cladding the facade.

Treating the walls with a deep primer using this finishing method will not interfere with the removal of excess moisture.

Which mixture is preferable as facade plaster?

Market building materials abounds huge assortment plaster mixtures intended directly for processing aerated concrete. If you believe the manufacturers, then they are all the best in their field. But this is far from true. The characteristics of the main groups of plaster compositions summarized in the table will help you decide.

Type of plaster	Advantages	Flaws
Silicone mixtures based on silicon-organic polymers	resistance to water absorption; does not deteriorate under the influence of precipitation; high level of vapor permeability; easy to apply	high price
Silicate plaster based on liquid adhesive glass	hydrophobicity; low water absorption	not aesthetic appearance after dust settles; limited choice of colors
Acrylic mixture	high strength; good decorative qualities	flammability; low vapor permeability. But this can be corrected by using enhanced protection against moisture and organizing a powerful ventilation system for the room.
Mineral plaster: lime-sand; cement-sand	resistance to temperature changes; good adhesion; resistance to cracking; vapor permeability; low cost	does not have high decorative qualities

All vapor-permeable plaster, except mineral, is produced in the form of a ready-made mixture. In this regard, when studying the characteristics of various types, pay attention to the setting time. The longer it is, the easier it will be for beginners to apply the mixture.

But still, preparing a conventional cement plaster composition is much more profitable from an economic point of view. Therefore not everyone experienced builders I am tormented by the question: “Is it possible to plaster aerated concrete with cement mortar?” The answer is clear - no, for the following reasons:

• low adhesion to gas silicate surface;
• high humidity, which is detrimental to such cellular walls;
• low coefficient of vapor permeability, which will not allow moisture to escape.

Some craftsmen even manage to mix concrete mortar with the plaster mixture in pursuit of profit. But instead they get a bunch of problems and the need for big ones Money to correct the consequences.

Independent finishing of the facade with plaster

There is nothing tricky about how to plaster aerated concrete as competently as possible. Then it's a matter of technology. Plastering can be carried out using several technologies:

• thin layer;
• thick layer.

There is no particular difference between them; the choice is yours, depending on which method will be more convenient for applying the plaster.

Preparation

In both cases, before finishing, you need to prepare the base.

Stage 1. The walls are cleaned of dirt with a stiff brush.

Stage 2. Defects in masonry joints are eliminated with an adhesive composition.

Stage 3. If there are potholes in the blocks, they also need to be “patched” with the same masonry adhesive or polyurethane foam.

Stage 4. Beacons are mounted on the nails - profiles along which the alignment will take place.

Stage 5. The base of the walls is primed with a hydrophobic composition with a surface 2–3 mm thick.

Stage 6. After it has dried, a composition for 5 mm reinforced fabric is applied.

Stage 7. A reinforcing mesh (fiberglass or metal) is attached to the walls with an overlap of 5 cm. It is better to do this with mortar rather than with self-tapping screws. Since in the first case, the mesh will become one with the wall and, accordingly, will “sit” together with the aerated concrete, preventing the appearance of small cracks in the plaster layer. Using the same principle, they are installed and secured plastic corners. Only after the reinforcing plaster has dried can you continue.

Thick-layer surface plaster

When plastering using this technology, it means applying one layer sufficient to perfect alignment walls - at least 10 mm.

Stage 1. Dilute the plaster mixture in a small amount.

Stage 2. The composition is thrown onto the walls.

Stage 3. The rule is to level the plaster along the beacons.

Stage 4. After plastering the entire surface of the walls, wait completely dry and only after that you can color it if you wish.

Thin layer surface plaster

Plastering walls using multilayer technology is also not difficult and is more suitable for beginners.

Stage 1. The first layer is applied 3-4 mm over aerated concrete. Only after it has completely dried can you continue.

Stage 2. The applied plaster is considered leveling, so special attention must be paid to evenness. Again we wait for complete drying - about 3-4 days.

Stage 3. The final step is to cover the finishing surface, which can later be rubbed down if necessary.

Stage 4. After the previous application has dried, the walls can be painted.

To increase the service life of the plaster, you need to treat it with a water-repellent solution. It will extend the life of the plastered surface almost twice. The use of such compositions is especially important in areas with high humidity.

As you can see, plastering walls yourself is not that difficult. In the first 10 m2 you will develop your own style of application, after which the process will go much faster.

Internal and external aerated concrete plaster must have optimal parameters, protecting the walls of the structure from destruction and cracks under the influence of external influences. There are several basic options for finishing mixtures that will improve and maintain the quality of the base. The right technology application will ensure a long service life and decorativeness of the coating.

Aerated concrete has good thermal insulation properties and a high degree of vapor permeability due to the porous structure. Proper finishing of aerated concrete will help preserve the quality of the material, preventing the accumulation of condensation and the occurrence of mold.

In this article we will answer main question, so how to plaster aerated concrete outside and inside the house.

Aerated concrete blocks

Basic requirements for plaster

It is worth immediately noting that ordinary plaster It is not recommended to apply it to a house made of aerated concrete blocks. First of all, because standard sand solutions are characterized by high density, this leads to poor adhesion when applied to a gas block and the rapid appearance of cracks.

Adhesion(from Latin adhaesio - adhesion) in physics - adhesion of the surfaces of dissimilar solids and/or liquid bodies.

The plaster must maintain optimal microclimate inside the building, protecting the walls from moisture. Therefore, you should choose mixtures with a vapor-permeable base. Otherwise, the steam coming out of the house will get stuck inside the walls, since the plaster will simply block its exit to the outside. Thus, moisture will begin to accumulate in the walls, which will ultimately lead to their destruction. Of course, nothing will happen to the house in a few years, but in six to eight years the almost irreversible process of destruction will begin.

Plaster for aerated concrete should be:

• resistant to external weather influences;
• have good adhesion(adhesion to aerated concrete);
• resistant to sudden temperature changes;
• high degree of compressive strength (protection against cracking);
• vapor permeable;
• moderately dense;
• improving the thermal insulation of walls;
• have a decorative appearance.

When choosing plaster for aerated concrete, you should not ignore any of the points listed above.

Applying plaster to a house made of aerated concrete blocks

Absence facade finishing structures made of aerated concrete will lead to darkening, deformation, and peeling of the surfaces of the blocks.

Types of plasters suitable for aerated concrete blocks

The choice of plaster mixture for aerated concrete primarily depends on whether you are going to cladding the walls from the outside or from the inside. Based on the type of application, plasters are divided into external and internal.

As you understand, external plaster is intended for finishing facades. Because here she performs protective functions, its strength, moisture resistance and thermal insulation indicators should be higher.

Internal mixtures are intended for finishing indoor walls, so the presence of moisture resistance in the characteristics of these plasters can be ignored, with the exception of cases of wall cladding in the bathroom. Due to the lack of resistance to moisture, internal mixtures are much cheaper than external ones.

Applying a finishing layer of plaster to aerated concrete

Popular plasters for aerated concrete

Mixtures for finishing facades made of aerated blocks are divided according to the type of composition into:

• lime-cement;
• acrylic;
• silicate;
• silicone.

Lime-cement mortars quite durable and at the same time vapor-permeable, because their main component is lime, which replaces sand. Address low levels of water resistance, elasticity and limited selection color palette material can be made using various additives. Modern ready-made mixtures contain special fillers that improve the properties of the coating.

Acrylic It is advisable to finish a building made of aerated concrete only if there is high-quality internal insulation of the walls. Such plaster cannot boast of good vapor permeability, but in quality decorative finishing, it is durable and reliable.

Silicate plaster for aerated concrete is produced on the basis of liquid potassium glass. The coating has good moisture resistance, vapor permeability and durability. The silicate solution is easy to apply. The finishing layer is resistant to dirt and abrasion, providing decorative effect finishing coating for a long period (more than 25 years). The problem with silicates is the limited choice of colors.

Leveling walls with silicate plaster

Silicone mixtures contain resins and organosilicon polymers. The quality characteristics of the material are optimal for creating durable coating. Silicone-type plaster retains elasticity after application, which ensures the absence of cracks on the surface even when the blocks shrink. It is important to note the special decorativeness of the finish, thanks to special fillers and color variations can be given original look façade.

Silicone plaster can undoubtedly be called a leader among others; it has all the advantages of silicate compounds, moreover, it is durable and looks great. But the price of silicone mixtures is much higher than others.

On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer the service of designing houses made of aerated concrete. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Most popular manufacturers

The building materials market is saturated with a huge number of plaster mixtures various brands for finishing aerated concrete surfaces. Popular formulations have optimal characteristics for carrying out work.

Applying plaster to the interior walls of a gas block house

Ceresit CT 24. The mineral composition of the mixture gives the solution plasticity. The material is easy to apply. The coating can withstand up to 100 cycles of low temperature influences. It is recommended to paint after complete drying (after seven days).

CERESIT ST 77. Acrylic look The mixture is used for facade finishing, ensuring the strength of the coating with a fairly thin layer of application. The material is frost-resistant and resistant to external influences. Used when there is waterproofing and ventilation inside the house.

Founded by Startwell T-21. Cement-lime plaster is frost-resistant and has a sufficient level of adhesion. The resulting coating is resistant to shrinkage and moisture.

Video description

Watch the video comparison facade plasters for aerated concrete:

Baumit Silicone Top. A high level of adhesion and ductility is achieved thanks to the base of the mixture - silicone resins. The coating remains decorative for a long time due to its dirt-repellent properties. Wide choose palette of paints of the material (up to two hundred shades).

Weber.pas silicone. Mixture based on silicone emulsion. It is possible to select the appropriate grain size. Optimal resistance of the material to moisture, temperature, and dirt.

Baumit Silikat Top. Silicate type plaster. The coating is durable and has good vapor permeability. The composition has different grain sizes and up to two hundred tinting variations.

Priming the surface before plastering

Internal plaster of aerated concrete walls

Internal work on plastering walls made of aerated blocks is carried out with gypsum solutions with various additives. Composites in the form of perlite, marble chips will increase the decorative effect of the finish. There is the possibility of painting the composition in various colors.

Gypsum mixtures without additives are different required level vapor permeability, which allows the plaster to be used as a base for wallpapering. Standard sequence of work:

• elimination of irregularities and chips on the surface of the walls;
• removing dust and applying the first layer of solution;
• installation of reinforcing mesh;
• applying the second layer.

After complete drying, you can glue wallpaper, paint the walls or apply a third, decorative layer plaster.

Interior work is carried out only subject to the preliminary application of a waterproofing composition and priming.

Interior wall plaster

External plastering of aerated concrete walls

Plaster for facade-type aerated concrete can be applied when using various technologies: thick-layer or thin-layer finishing. The sequence of work includes:

• mandatory preparation of wall surfaces, leveling;
• priming (compositions based on acrylate siloxane);
• applying a thin layer of solution - the basis for attaching the mesh;
• reinforcement (protection against cracks);
• leveling the finishing layer;
• second layer of coating (formation of a smooth, even surface);
• finishing layer of plaster, grout.

One year after completion facing works, it is recommended to apply a water repellent solution. Thanks to the treatment of the facade with this composition, the moisture-proof and water-repellent properties of the coating are increased.

Features of plastering walls made of aerated blocks

Proper execution of the work must take into account the characteristics of the material of construction. Aerated concrete blocks may have differences in structure. Sawn options have an open, pronounced cellular structure and do not require special preparation for finishing.

The formed blocks are covered with a hydrophobic layer with a buried pore structure and require additional processing. Grinding the surfaces with a wire brush will help improve the adhesive properties of the material.

Video description

Watch the video of the process of applying plaster to a house made of aerated concrete:

It is also important to remember the rule of increasing the degree of vapor permeability from the inner layer to the outer surface. The façade finish should be twice as thin as the interior coating.

It is strictly not recommended to carry out plastering work on aerated block surfaces earlier than 6 months after the construction of the walls. The structure must dry completely, getting rid of excess moisture accumulated during laying of the material.

Plastering on reinforcing mesh

Optimal conditions for applying plaster

External plaster aerated concrete must be produced under certain conditions. It is important to complete the interior work first higher level humidity. Bearing structures walls made of aerated blocks must be completely dry, not exceeding 27%. Otherwise high humidity will provoke adhesion failure and lead to peeling of the finishing layer of the facade.

The optimal time for finishing the interior of the house is spring, the façade of the building is the end of summer.

External temperature conditions to carry out work must correspond to +5-+30°C, with air humidity not exceeding 80%. If it is necessary to perform finishing at low temperatures, it is recommended to use a special soil composition deep penetration before the onset of acceptable weather conditions.

Carrying out the work correctly will help avoid peeling, cracks and defects. It is forbidden to apply the coating in the heat, under the influence of direct sun rays and in windy weather.

Plastered facade of aerated concrete house

Conclusion

Choice quality solution for plastering of aerated concrete structures will help improve performance characteristics material, will create strong and durable surface protection.

The article popularly talks about widely used building materials, lightweight concrete, main characteristics and finishing methods using traditional technologies, plastering house elements.

Plastering aerated concrete walls

Plastering internal and external structures made of lightweight concrete is the most used method of protection from external influences. climatic conditions and giving the house an original respectable appearance, as well as internal comfort.

The prevalence of the technology is due to the ability to inexpensively and independently carry out a set of works on the preparation and finishing of structures and achieve the desired results.

Special characteristics of aerated concrete blocks

Aerated concrete refers to cellular concrete and consists of quicklime, cement, sand and gas-forming aluminum powder. When mixing components and water, a reaction occurs with the release of gas, forming voids, the number of which determines the weight, density, thermal conductivity of concrete and areas of use:

• Concrete with a density of 300-400 (kg/m3) is used for thermal insulation.
• Density 500-900 (kg/m3) allows it to be used for constructing partitions and walls.
• With a density of 1000-1200 kg/m3, concrete is used to make load-bearing walls.

Concrete has gained popularity in housing construction due to its properties:

1. Low thermal conductivity allows it to be used as a heat-insulating substance.
2. Frost resistance can reach 150 cycles; among lightweight concrete, only expanded clay concrete has greater durability.
3. High fire resistance.

One of the negative qualities for construction is hygroscopicity, which means that aerated concrete needs a coating.

The hygroscopicity of aerated concrete requires isolation from moisture.

Preparing gas silicate blocks indoors for plastering

In aerated concrete the amount of cement is up to 60 percent, in gas silicate concrete no more than 14, lime is twice as much, the rest is sand. The percentage matters because the more cement, the higher the strength, and the base must be stronger than the coating, otherwise it will peel off. That is, the finishing of the house must be done with lime- cement composition.

When finishing, you need to remember that the base must be stronger than the coating.

The main function of plastering surfaces made of gas silicate blocks is to form a vapor-impermeable barrier and limit moisture absorption. To improve the adhesion of the coating to the base, the structural elements are coated with a deep penetration primer, the first layer is applied generously, better with a spray gun, after drying you need to paint it again.

After priming, given that the gas silicate composition of the base is weak, it is necessary to carry out reinforcement to prevent the appearance of cracks.

The rough layer of reinforcement is made from glue on which the blocks were laid, experienced craftsmen They use tile adhesive for this as a cheaper composition.

Using glue instead ordinary solution associated with polymer additives in a composition that ensures strong adhesion with a thin layer of the mixture.

After applying a thin layer of glue, 2-7 millimeters thick, a fiberglass mesh is embedded into it, which fixes the blocks and serves as a reliable base for the coating. The mesh is overlapped over the applied glue and pressed in with a notched spatula.

It is advisable to start applying the solution after 5-7 days, when the reinforced layer gains strength.

Plastering gas silicate blocks inside a building: technologies used

Protection of gas silicate structures occurs in three stages:

1.Plastering with lime-cement mortar.

2.Priming.

3. Putty.

A lime-cement or lime-gypsum mortar no more than one centimeter thick is applied to the reinforced surface.

The technology of manual plastering is common; if the wall is large and uneven, beacons are installed and the applied layer is leveled using a broad rule.

The solution is mixed in a bucket, small tank or trough, water is poured into the poured mixture and stirred to the required consistency, you need to cook a little, gypsum sets in 20 minutes, cement needs a little more time, so the amount should be sufficient to be processed during this time. You can level it immediately after laying it on; the last step is grouting.

After finishing, use a long strip to check the evenness of the surface; unevenness within 5-7 millimeters will not be noticeable.

Is it necessary to plaster the aerated concrete block from the outside?

The need to protect the façade made of aerated concrete is due to its properties:

1. Hygroscopicity will lead to the saturation of gas blocks with water, which in frost will cause destruction of the structure.
2. Mechanical impact will cause chips, dents, and cracks.
3. The material has a porous structure with open pores through which circulating air carries away heat.
4. Rough aerated concrete house looks unpresentable.

For aerated concrete structures, the danger is the accumulation of moisture inside the blocks, which freezes and destroys the block from the inside due to temperature changes. Therefore protection external surfaces mandatory, the method of protection by plastering is widely used for various reasons, one of which is the low cost of this technology.

Materials used for exterior work

For application protective equipment externally, substances with the following qualities are needed:

• permeable to water vapor;
• not getting wet;
• with good grip;
• resistant to frost.

The main types of mixtures for finishing aerated concrete outside:

• Acrylic for aerated concrete, strengthens loaded structures, base.
• Silicate, include liquid glass;
• Silicone, based on silicon-organic polymers, is well suited for facades, but high in price;
• Gypsum mixture;
• Lime-cement composition.

Do-it-yourself internal plaster of aerated concrete block: features of the work

Due to the high hygroscopicity of the material, plastering inside the house has its own characteristics.

Plastering surfaces must necessarily include a reinforcement process. It is recommended to use fiberglass mesh, which does not break down in an alkaline environment.

The surface should be painted with a deep penetration primer twice.

Apply a thin layer of plaster about 5 millimeters thick and embed the mesh in it. After drying, apply the base coat using beacons.

Which is better plaster

If vapor permeability is required for the kitchen, bathroom or sauna, mixtures of gypsum with perlite sand are used. Silicate is also suitable, but it must be taken into account that such mixtures are incompatible with acrylic, silicone, and latex materials.

For use on aerated concrete, you can use cement-lime mixtures, which do not require priming of the walls.

Set of tools

Finishing aerated concrete surfaces requires the following tools:

1. Spatulas.
2. Scraper to remove dirt and debris.
3. Metal brushes.
4. Hammer for knocking down irregularities and protruding mortar.
5. Sandpaper.
6. Brushes, rollers for priming.
7. Master OK.
8. Tank for mixing the solution.
9. Mixer for preparing the solution.
10. Falcon, shield where the mixture is applied.
11. Grout grater.
12. Poluterok.
13. The rule is to align the corners.

How to plaster: progress of work

Ready-made mixtures are excellent for finishing, but have a high cost, so for do-it-yourself wall preparation technology is proposed, after which you can safely use any composition.

For preparation you will need tile adhesive, fiberglass mesh, and deep penetration primer. It is necessary to smooth out all chips and cracks with a compound for laying aerated concrete blocks, then remove dust and debris from the wall with a cheek and paint it with a deep penetration primer twice.

Tile adhesive is diluted and applied to the surface with a thickness of 5 millimeters, the mesh is pressed on top with a notched trowel. When the layer is completely dry, apply plaster in the usual way, any solution can be used.

The costs of this technology will be an order of magnitude less than when using ready-made plasters.

How long before you can move on to the next stages of wall finishing?

After completion, the beacons are removed, and the resulting dents are subsequently sealed with putty.

To move to the following types finishing, you must wait until the walls are completely dry at a constant temperature. Drying will require about a month during the warm season to ensure that temperature changes do not lead to cracking or peeling. It is not advisable to speed up the process; if necessary, a heater is used.

Interior and exterior decoration of the house important stage construction work, from quality implementation which determine the durability, comfort of living and aesthetic appearance of the house. For finishing work there is a lot modern materials and technology, but traditional methods, do not lose popularity and are still relevant today. These methods allow you to achieve the necessary results at low cost and labor intensity.

Useful video

Aerated concrete blocks are incredibly in demand today - and not only in private construction, but also in the construction of frame-block buildings. multi-storey buildings. The products are compact and have light weight, are easy to install, which allows a person to build warm and inexpensive housing with his own hands.

However, raising the walls and bringing them under the roof is not all. You need to know exactly how to plaster aerated concrete inside a house, and understand the principle by which interior plaster is generally selected. These questions became the topic of this article.

The principle of selecting plaster for the base

Both aerated concrete and gas silicate concrete belong to the category of cellular concrete. There is an opinion that this is one and the same thing, but there is still some difference between them.

Both materials contain a combination of two cement-lime binders. However, their percentage different, resulting in a material with completely different strength characteristics.

Leveling coatings for aerated concrete

Aerated concrete contains up to 60% cement, and the rest is lime and sand. In gas silicate products, there is only 14% cement, almost twice as much lime, and many times more sand. It is clear that if there is so little cement, then the strength of the products is no longer the same. And generally speaking, gas silicate concrete is no longer a structural material, but a thermal insulation material.

• Perhaps now you have a question: “What does interior wall plaster have to do with it?” And given that it is selected depending on the type of base, and in order to avoid problems with the coating later, you need to know exactly what can be combined with what. The characteristics of the binder are of decisive importance here.

Note! Cement, or rather products and solutions based on it, always has greater strength than lime and gypsum. When creating multi-layer screeds, the following principle must be observed: the base must always be stronger than the coating - otherwise, it will inevitably peel off.

• From the above it is not difficult to conclude: if there is no - or almost no - cement in the blocks, then the internal plaster of the walls, and especially the external one, cannot be done, for example, with a cement-sand mortar (see. Optimal ratio of cement and sand for plaster ). It can be used for aerated blocks, since they contain high percent cement, and the wall surface has sufficient strength.

• You can even use not special purchased mixtures, one of which we see in the photo, but mix the solution yourself. You just need to keep in mind that the plaster should not be done as for heavy concrete or clay brick - in proportions of 1:3, when a mortar of M150 grade is obtained.

Plaster interior walls made of aerated concrete, made with a mortar of half the strength: M75. To make it, take M400 cement and mix it with sand 1:5.

When the grade of cement increases, its amount in the solution should decrease to 1:6, or even to 1:6.7 - that’s the arithmetic. Everything is done quite simply, and more low price self-mixing plaster will allow you to significantly save on finishing work.

How to plaster gas silicate

Now, as for the gas silicate wall, which contains very little cement. Accordingly, such plaster as for aerated concrete is not suitable for it. However, it is impossible to endlessly reduce the amount of binder in the solution - you can only replace part of it with another binder that is weaker in strength.

• Gas silicate blocks contain a large percentage of lime, and it is most logical for it to be present in the plaster. That is, the most ideal option for plastering such walls there will be lime-cement plaster. Making it yourself is more difficult, since lime paste must be present in the solution.

• It is much easier if the interior of the house is plastered using a purchased mixture. And by the way, if it is suitable for gas silicate, then it will also be suitable for aerated concrete (and not vice versa). Manufacturers often focus plaster mixtures on both materials, which means that in addition to cement, they also contain lime.
• Sometimes the instructions on the package say that the mixture can be used for all cellular concrete. This means that they can also be applied to walls made of foam concrete, which contain only cement as a binder. Just keep in mind that there are also cementless varieties of foam blocks made from lime.
• Like gas silicate, this material is also more of an insulator than a structural material. Foam blocks, which contain no cement at all, are used for the construction interior partitions. They can also be plastered, but there should be no cement in the solution.

It should be noted that the best option for leveling walls made of gas and gas silicate blocks, lime foam blocks, as well as sand-lime brick, are silicate plasters. But since they contain liquid glass and are very caustic, they are not used for residential premises - only in production workshops and on building facades.

The feasibility of using gypsum mixtures

Plastering inside a house with lime surfaces, can be made with gypsum or lime-gypsum mixture. In principle, they are suitable for all types of foundations, but there is one problem, and it concerns walls built from cellular concrete.

Considering their high vapor permeability, and the similar property of gypsum, it is not always advisable to use plaster based on it indoors:

• Here it is already necessary to consider the structure of the wall decoration as a whole, and oddly enough, you need to focus on the option exterior finishing. Let’s say that the outside of the cellular concrete walls will be monolithically lined with bricks, clinker tiles, or stone, or plastered over polystyrene foam.
• Due to their poor vapor permeability, these materials will trap moisture in the thickness of the walls, not allowing it to escape. In this case, inside you only need to use cement plaster, or provide for such decorative coating, which will become a barrier to steam.
• For example: if it is paint, then it is alkyd; if wallpaper, then vinyl or cork. Yes, the same tile or stone, any cladding with insulation - all this will not allow porous walls to become saturated with moisture.
• In what cases can interior plastering of walls made of aerated concrete or other cellular material be done with a gypsum mixture? There are only two options here. The first is when the external walls are leveled on the base base with plasters with a high degree of vapor permeability: silicate, silicone, special for cellular concrete.
• The second option is a ventilated facade. When there is an unobstructed outlet for steam and condensation on the outside of the wall, the internal plaster of the walls, like their finishing, can be executed in any way. But note that if the facade is insulated, then thermal insulation boards should be loose: soft mineral wool or the cheapest loose foam.

• Let us also clarify this situation. Decorative plaster for interior decoration is most often made on the basis of gypsum. How to properly prepare a porous base in cases where the use of gypsum mixtures is undesirable. There are no problems with cement-based blocks.

In any case, the basis before decorative plastering should be leveled like for wallpapering. Therefore, the walls should first be leveled with a cement composition, and when it dries, decorative gypsum plaster can be applied for interior decoration. You will learn more about this in the next chapter.

Internal plastering of aerated concrete

So, in our story we came directly to the implementation of internal plastering works on aerated concrete walls. We will try to highlight the most important nuances this process, and for clarity, we offer you to watch the video in this article.

Nuances of preparation

Porous surfaces have the highest moisture absorption, which must be reduced by priming. On aerated concrete walls it is produced more abundantly than, for example, on brickwork. To do this, you need to take not just an adhesive primer, but a deep penetration composition.

Important! Primers can be ready-made, or they can be concentrated – that is, they are diluted with water in a proportion determined by the manufacturer, which must be observed. You should not think that if you apply undiluted primer, you can, for example, reduce the number of passes. The composition must have a normal concentration.

The first layer is applied generously, preferably with a spray gun. You can also use a regular garden sprayer for this purpose, which is used to spray trees. After aerated concrete wall dries slightly after treatment, apply another layer, after which the surface should be completely dry.

Double impregnation significantly reduces the wall's absorption, but does not eliminate it completely. Yes, this is not necessary - otherwise how will the solution stick to the surface? The surface of aerated blocks is very smooth, and for plaster it is necessary to ensure good adhesion. Make notches as in heavy concrete, you can't do it here. How to get out of the situation?

How to make a plaster coating as durable as possible

After priming, task number two is reinforcing the surfaces. This is necessary not only for the best adhesion of the layers, but also to prevent the appearance of cracks.

This is especially important when the walls are built from gas silicate, which contains five times less cement than gas blocks. The strength of such a base is quite weak, and plaster, even gypsum, will be stronger and will work against tearing.

• Your task is to make a strong layer between the base and the plaster sheet, which will provide them with the best adhesion. Therefore, no matter what type of plaster you use, the starting layer must be made with an adhesive mixture, which is intended for installing cellular blocks.

• To create a reinforcing layer, ordinary tile adhesive is also suitable. Many craftsmen, due to the lower cost than the masonry mixture, prefer to use it. Why do you need an adhesive composition and not just a plaster composition?

Note! The fact is that adhesive compositions are always modified with polymer additives, which not only adhere, but permanently glue surfaces together. The layer of glue is thin and durable, and a fiberglass mesh is embedded in it. Not only is it an excellent base for plaster, but it also reliably fixes the blocks, preventing microcracks from appearing and expanding.

• This approach to preparatory work is especially important when solutions are used for plastering. self-made. In them, unlike factory ones specially designed for gas blocks, there are no improving modifying additives, as well as fiber reinforcing the plaster in the mass.

• There are no words, factory mixtures solve all problems, but due to the high cost, they are more often used for facades. On interior plaster, which is not exposed to the same influences as on the street, you can save money - you just need to do it wisely. If you don’t want to have problems in the near future, you need to do the adhesive layer anyway.
• Installation of the mesh, in principle, is not necessary and is carried out by craftsmen at the request of the home owner. But the customer should know that creating a reinforcing layer only improves the quality: both of the plaster and the base - after all, no one knows what shrinkage processes will occur in the soil.
• It’s better to play it safe and spend a little money on a mesh than to incur costs for complete renovation. We especially advise you not to neglect the mesh when the walls are being prepared for painting - after all, any crack on them will be immediately visible. Under thick wallpaper or tiled cladding, cracks are invisible, but the task is not to hide them, but to prevent their appearance.

• There is nothing complicated about installing the mesh, and you will see this in the video presented in our article. The canvases are laid with an overlap on the freshly applied adhesive solution, and then pressed, combing with a notched trowel. The use of such a tool is very important, since thanks to it, ridges of squeezed out solution remain on the surface of the mesh.
• When they dry, you will get a wonderful relief surface on which you can apply any plaster. First, the mesh is pressed into the adhesive layer with chaotic movements, trying to press it as tightly as possible to the base. If regular leveling plastering is to be carried out on the walls, at the end, you need to do a horizontal combing.
• This is necessary only so that the plaster, which will be applied to this surface at the next stage, does not slide off the wall. Well, for decorative plaster - if this is what will be used for interior wall decoration, the base should be smooth. In this case, the relief is not left, but the solution on the mesh, squeezed out with a notched trowel, is smoothed out.

When can I start plastering directly? Let us say right away that it is not advisable to do this the very next day.

Even if the surface seems dry, the cement adhesive layer has not yet gained sufficient strength. It's not scary if gypsum plaster is applied to it. If it is a cement mortar, then the adhesive layer must be given at least five days - and better than a week, for strength gain.

Gas silicate-based blocks are widely used as a building material for the construction of buildings. They provide increased thermal insulation of buildings, but due to their porous structure they absorb moisture. Form protective covering walls allow plaster mixture. First, rough plaster for gas silicate blocks is laid on the prepared surface. Then a thin layer of mortar is applied and grouted. Covering the wall with aerated concrete, plastered with dry mixtures, helps prevent cracking of the material due to waterlogging.

Properties of gas silicate material and its protection using a plaster layer

Silicate blocks are a modern building material characterized by a cellular structure. They are made from a mixture of quartz sand and cement, to which aluminum powder and lime are added. When mixing the ingredients, it occurs chemical reaction, as a result of which the gas silicate solution increases its volume and then hardens in special forms.

Gas silicate based blocks are used as building materials for the construction of buildings.

As a result of the gas formation reaction, the blocks acquire a porous structure, which determines the main performance characteristics of the material:

• reduced thermal conductivity. Gas silicate walls reduce thermal energy losses and reduce heating costs;
• ability to absorb noise. Cells unevenly distributed inside the blocks prevent extraneous noise from entering the room;
• increased vapor permeability. Air exchange occurs through the pores, improving the microclimate of the living space.

In addition, the blocks have energy-saving properties. They gradually accumulate thermal energy, which is then transferred to the room and increases its temperature.

• reduced weight;
• increased strength characteristics;
• increased volume;
• correct geometry;
• minimum tolerances on dimensions;
• good machinability;
• environmental cleanliness;
• frost resistance;
• fire safety.

In the field of low-rise construction, silicate blocks have proven themselves positively

The need to plaster the surface of porous blocks is associated with the following properties material:

• increased hygroscopicity. Porous gas silicate is prone to absorbing moisture, which causes gradual destruction of the material when negative temperature, and also promote the development of microorganisms. To prevent cracking of the blocks, they are plastered;
• reduced adhesion of the cellular surface of the blocks to finishing materials. Plaster mixtures based on sand and cement, as well as lime-based plasters, do not adhere well to porous gas silicate. Carrying out finishing measures allows you to increase adhesion;
• moisture condensation inside the gas silicate mass. As a result of intensive air exchange occurring under conditions of temperature changes, moisture accumulates inside the blocks. It makes it difficult for air vapor to escape from the room and negatively affects the microclimate.

To ensure adhesion of the gas silicate surface, the following work is carried out:

• cover the gas silicate with a special solution. The soil penetrating deep into the cellular gas silicate improves adhesive properties;
• reinforce the gas silicate surface with metal, nylon or fiberglass mesh. It allows you to apply an increased layer of plaster;
• Several layers of plaster are applied successively. Layer finishing allows you to create smooth surface with increased adhesive properties.

The cellular structure determines the need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks

The need to protect the surface of gas silicate blocks and other products made of porous concrete is due to their cellular structure. Finishing gas silicate walls- a mandatory event.

Purpose of plastering:

• prevention of destruction of gas silicate walls as a result of temperature fluctuations;
• protection of gas silicate blocks from intense moisture absorption and development of microorganisms;
• improving the appearance of various buildings whose walls are built from gas silicate blocks;
• reducing the volume of heat loss through the unprotected surface of gas silicate walls;
• security comfortable conditions indoors by providing increased sound insulation;
• leveling the surface of the walls after laying the blocks, allowing you to create a flat base for finishing;
• protection of block walls from the formation of cracks, allowing to increase the service life of the building.

Aerated concrete is susceptible to the influence of natural factors - the effects of precipitation, ultraviolet rays and weathering. In addition, porous gas silicate is destroyed as a result of mechanical damage. Plastering walls made of gas silicate blocks provides reliable protection throughout the period of operation.

Reliable protection provides plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks

We prepare the necessary tools and building materials

Preliminary preparation of building materials and the necessary tool will speed up finishing work and increase their productivity.

To plaster gas silicate walls you should prepare:

• a rule designed to stretch the plaster mixture along the beacons. The length of the rule is selected depending on the distance between the beacons;
• metal guides, called beacons, to ensure flatness. The beacons serve as a guide when working with the rule;
• drill with attachment or mixer. They are used to ensure accelerated and uniform mixing of the plaster mortar;
• trowel and spatulas with extended work surface. The tool is used for throwing and leveling the plaster mixture;
• plumb line, building level, roulette. They are used in the marking process and are used for control during plastering activities.

You will also need a wide brush or roller to apply the primer composition to the surface of the blocks. To perform the kneading, you need an appropriate container, and to fix the mesh you will need nails or dowels.

Tool for plastering walls

In addition to tools, you must purchase the following materials:

• adhesive mixture for priming. It provides increased adhesion of plaster to gas silicate blocks;
• mesh for surface reinforcement. Mesh reinforcement makes it difficult for cracks to form and strengthens the finishing layer;
• dry mix for plastering work. It is easy to purchase a ready-made composition for plaster in specialized stores.

Having prepared everything you need, proceed to work.

Plaster mixture for gas silicate blocks - choosing high-quality plaster

Novice finishers and home craftsmen often ask the question of how to plaster gas silicate blocks, as well as what requirements apply to the plaster mixture.

It is easy to purchase plaster compounds in construction supermarkets. famous manufacturers:

• Knauf companies;
• brand Ceresit;
• EuroMix company;
• brand PROFIT.

Plaster compositions from well-known manufacturers can be easily purchased in construction supermarkets

Along with imported plaster mixtures and primers, finishing mixtures produced by domestic manufacturers are also offered. An expanded range of plaster compositions makes it difficult for novice craftsmen to make the right decision. You can consult with construction department salespeople on how to plaster gas silicate blocks inside. Professionals will offer best option plasters and will also advise how to plaster gas silicate blocks on the outside of the building.

By purchasing ready-made plaster To perform external and internal finishing work, a number of factors should be taken into account:

• area of ​​use of plaster;
• adhesion properties of the mixture;
• resistance to negative temperatures;
• vapor permeability of plaster after hardening;
• moisture-proofing characteristics;
• environmental cleanliness finishing material;
• shelf life of the composition;
• manufacturer's image;
• duration of setting.

If you have the necessary ingredients, it’s easy to make your own plaster mortar. To do this, you should take equal ratios cement and lime, mix with three parts of sand and dilute the resulting mixture with water to the desired consistency. Adding chalk will increase the plasticity of the plaster composition and make it easier to apply.

It’s easy to prepare your own plaster solution if you have the necessary components

Internal plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks - stages of work

According to technology, execution interior work for plastering gas silicate walls includes the following steps:

1. Cleaning walls from dirt.
2. Impregnation gas silicate material special soil.
3. Installation of the mesh to the gas silicate surface.
4. Layer-by-layer application of plaster mortar.
5. Final finishing activities.

Let us dwell on the features of each stage of work.

We prepare the wall surface for treatment with a special primer

Preparing the surface of gas silicate is a critical step that ensures adhesion and affects the quality of plastering work.

The critical stage is preparing the gas silicate surface

Preparatory activities include:

1. Dust removal of gas silicate.
2. Removing old coating and dirt.
3. Degreasing problem areas.
4. Elimination of oily traces.
5. Increasing the depth of gas silicate masonry joints.

It is not always possible to remove oil and grease stains that have penetrated into the gas block mass with a metal brush. In this case, they are cut out with a chisel.

Applying primer to aerated concrete of internal walls and partitions

Treatment of gas silicate with a primer solves the following problems:

• increases the adhesion of blocks with the finishing mixture;
• reliably seals internal cavities;
• gives the gas silicate surface additional roughness.

Primer should be applied in an even layer

Priming of blocks is carried out using various methods:

• manually, using a paint brush or wide roller;
• using a spray bottle to cover a larger area.

The primer should be applied in an even layer, paying special attention to hard-to-reach places in the area of ​​corners and openings. Plastering on gas silicate blocks is carried out after the soil has completely dried.

We attach the reinforcing mesh to the gas silicate blocks

Strengthening blocks plaster mesh provides improved adhesion of plaster. The mesh is attached in various ways:

• by fastening metal mesh to the gas silicate surface with dowels or nails;
• by pressing a fiberglass or nylon mesh into a pre-thrown layer of finishing composition.

Mesh reinforcement in combination with priming will achieve increased adhesion. After installing the mesh, you should secure the beacons, and also moisten the gas silicate surface with a spray bottle or brush. better penetration finishing composition.

Reinforcement with mesh in combination with priming will allow you to achieve increased adhesion

Plaster for aerated silicate blocks - the process of finishing aerated concrete material

Let's figure out how to properly plaster walls made of gas silicate blocks. Perform plastering in the following order:

1. Using a trowel, spread a layer of plaster mixture onto the gas silicate masonry.
2. Distribute by rule finishing composition along the guides.
3. Remove hardened lumps of plaster after it has hardened.

There is no need to try to ensure perfect flatness. You just need to distribute the mixture over the wall area.

Applying the finishing layer after finishing rough work

At the final stage of finishing activities, the following work is performed:

1. Rough plaster is covered with primer.
2. Implemented finishing plaster gas silicate.
3. Irregularities are removed and finishing putty is applied.

At the final stage, the internal plaster of walls made of gas silicate blocks acquires the necessary flatness during the process of grinding and grouting.

Applying the finishing layer

Plastering external walls with plaster compounds

For façade finishing of buildings, it is used, to which ingredients are added to increase water resistance.

This plastering of gas silicate blocks with cement mortar is carried out according to the following algorithm:

1. The facade of the building is cleaned of dirt.
2. The primer is applied to the surface of the gas silicate.
3. The metal mesh is being installed.
4. Facade plaster for gas silicate blocks is applied.

An improved aesthetic perception of the finish is achieved by coating the surface with paint.

Plastering walls with cement-sand mortar is used for façade finishing of buildings

External and internal plaster of gas silicate walls - useful tips

At independent execution plastering work should be guided by the advice and recommendations of professional finishers.

They focus on the following nuances:

• performing work at temperatures of 5-30 degrees Celsius. At this temperature environment ensures normal drying of the plaster;
• the need for layer-by-layer application of the finishing mixture. In this case, the finishing layer of plaster is applied only after the main layer has dried;
• feasibility of surface wetting. At elevated temperatures, spraying liquid prevents the formation of cracks;
• ratio of thicknesses of external and internal finishing equal to 2:1. This allows you to shift the dew point and prevent moisture condensation inside the blocks.

Please also note that optimal thickness the internal finishing layer is 8-14 mm. Professionals pay attention to the fact that gas silicate finishing can be done a month after the completion of wall laying.

Conclusion

Do-it-yourself plastering of walls made of gas silicate blocks allows you to save significantly. High-quality plaster will reliably protect gas silicate blocks. Getting started finishing works for the first time, carefully study the technology requirements and take the choice of finishing material seriously. Advice from experienced builders will help you avoid mistakes.