Advantages of using pellets (wood pellets) - "FRP" Pellets. Advantages of pellets and benefits from use What are pellets and what are they made of
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Modern man knows that ecology, efficiency, care for environment and the health of household members is not an empty phrase. In case of gas boiler many problems arise - this includes increased CO emissions and endless red tape with public utilities, bribes and contributions. In Russia, few owners of private houses have switched to pellets, but the corresponding trend is beginning to gain momentum. Let's see what they are pellet granules, what is their consumption and what are the advantages and disadvantages of this progressive type of heating.
Pellets are
Special pellets made of wood (more often), peat or straw (less often). The cost of purchasing and installing equipment will be approximately the same as in the case of gas equipment, but you can perform all connection-related operations yourself. Daily pellet consumption is approximately 50 kg (an average of two bags) per day. Naturally, it is more profitable to buy pellets wholesale, therefore the boiler owner should provide a dry place for their storage.
Advantages of pellet heating
Heating your home with pellets has many advantages, including:
- no special maintenance required - you can handle ash removal yourself, and most models come with an auto-cleaning function;
- The efficiency is 70-95%, and these are very high figures;
- many models are equipped with a hot water supply circuit;
- the boiler can be installed independently;
- reliable protection against fire and explosions;
- ease of transportation and storage of fuel;
- possibility of working where there are no conditions for gas furnaces.
The main thing is to ensure adequate conditions for storage - the room should not be humid, and foreign odors during operation should also be avoided. No approval is required to connect a pellet stove.
Flaws
Cons of this type there is very little fuel and equipment, and the main thing is high price boiler Behind last years it has fallen, but still remains quite high. In addition, the pellets themselves are not cheap, although their consumption is economical, and purchasing and delivery can cause some difficulties, as well as servicing the stove - the fact is that pellets are not yet in such high demand, and in remote areas you may simply not find a supplier .
conclusions
Pellet heating is a modern environmentally friendly solution, which is one of the best today. The system requires installation costs, but in general it is economical and, no less important, safe for health.
Pellets appeared on our market relatively recently. They came to us from America and European countries, where they have been used for a long time. However, this type of fuel is becoming increasingly popular in our country. Using pellets, you can organize heating in a private home as efficiently as possible.
To understand exactly what the benefits of pellets are, you need to understand what exactly they are. High-quality pellets consist of pure wood, they do not contain chemical additives or other impurities. The wood used to create them is granulated after pre-treatment. Raw material first crushed to obtain a homogeneous mass consisting of elements of a certain fraction. Then the prepared wood is dried to ten percent moisture content and crushed again. The finished heating material is obtained after packaging the formed granules.
The color of the pellets can be different, since much depends on the quality of pre-cleaning. Light pellets are more preferable because the wood has been thoroughly cleaned before pressing and forming pellets. If the fuel has dark color, there were particles of bark left in it. In a private house, the boiler will have to be cleaned frequently, as these particles will create carbon deposits. Dark pellets are usually used in industrial boilers. Their diameter, as a rule, is significantly larger. They are supplied in large quantities of two to three tons and are used to generate heat for settlements and industrial facilities.
There are several options for using this type of fuel. Initially, the production of pellets is carried out for burning them in pellet boilers and special fireplaces. This application is the most effective, because pellets were created precisely as a heating material. When burning them, the boiler heats up very quickly if additional oxygen is supplied. Compared to other types of fuel, pellets are considered one of the most economical options. In addition, they provide a stable heat exchange process. Many convenient features are usually found in modern pellet boilers. During operation, granules can be supplied automatically. They can have a built-in temperature controller, oxygen supply controllers and much more. When burning pellets, the coefficient useful action is ninety percent or more.
In ordinary fireplaces and boilers, it is also possible to use heating pellets, but you will need to constantly add fuel manually. You will also need to carefully monitor the consumption of pellets, control the oxygen supply and heating temperature. When using pellets in equipment not intended for them, you must not forget that this type of fuel burns much faster than, for example, firewood, and therefore the fireplace or boiler will heat up faster. The advantages of heating with pellets include the absence of the need for large quantities storage space. Before heating equipment they can be carefully placed in bags or some containers. You can even store pellets in residential premises, since they do not contain chemical components or harmful impurities. This is very environmentally friendly fuel, the safety of which is comparable to natural wood.
You can also take pellets on a hike if there is no easy access to firewood. Build a fire in hiking conditions using pellets is quite simple. It's easy to move on and keep the fire burning. Pellets today are often used for other purposes than their intended purpose. For example, they fill toilets for animals. The harmlessness and safety of wood makes it possible not to worry about the health of your pets. This heating material is very versatile. You can also find it in automotive services, where pellets are used as an effective absorbent.
What raw materials are used
In our country, coniferous species are most often used to make pellets, but higher quality fuel is obtained from wood deciduous plants. Prevalence coniferous species This is explained by the fact that the equipment required for their processing is less expensive and complex. In addition, they are pressed hardwoods quite bad, so you have to spend money and time to select pressing, moistening and processing modes for them. More powerful equipment is also required. At the same time, in the domestic market the cost of pellets depends very little on the material.
When burning birch pellets, more heat is released than when burning coniferous pellets, however, the difference is small. But at the same time, birch wood does not contain resins that settle in the chimney. When using pine pellets, the chimney must be cleaned periodically.
When choosing an energy source for heating your premises, you need to answer the question:
“I want an automated boiler?!”
If you are satisfied with a non-automated boiler, into which you will need to load firewood or coal 3-4 times a day, then you can install a wood-burning boiler or boiler long burning. Perhaps you have a lot of free firewood or coal.
In this case, you need to understand one important point, that all long-burning boilers, which claim that one fill is enough for 12-36 hours, actually work this way only if the moisture content of the firewood is 10-12%. To do this, you need to prepare the firewood in advance so that it can sit for 1-2 years, dry out, and only then use it for its intended purpose.
But as a rule, all firewood that is sold in Russia has a humidity of 30-40% and when burning such firewood in long-burning boilers, part of the energy will be spent on drying it to the required humidity and one bookmark will not be enough for the stated 12-36 hours, but in reality will last for 6-12 hours.
If you still need automated heating and you do not have mains gas, then you have a choice: pellets, diesel, electricity or propane gas.
The cheapest energy source listed is pellets.
Well, now the most main question: what are pellets?
Pellets are biofuel obtained from peat, wood waste and waste Agriculture. It is a cylindrical granule of standard size.
Pellets are a renewable energy source. The most popular and effective are wood pellets; pellets are also made from: buckwheat husks, seed husks, peat, straw, etc.
Here's a photo of pellets made from various raw materials:
Compound feed!!! Everyone who sees pellets for the first time thinks so)
In appearance, all pellets are the same: they have the same shape and dark color, but they have strong differences, I will talk about that later.
How much do pellets cost?
The cost of pellets varies depending on their characteristics and region from 5,500 rubles to 8,500 rubles per 1 ton.
But in fact, the cost of 1 ton of pellets does not mean anything, because it is not clear what the monthly fuel consumption will be.
On average, per 200 m2 of living space, monthly fuel consumption is 1400-2000 kg, depending on the insulation of the room. From here you can calculate estimated cost heating with pellets: from 8,400 rubles to 12,000 rubles per month, depending on the insulation of the room and the temperature outside.
Below is a graph of heating costs for various types fuel 200 m2 of living space per year, data are given from thermotechnical calculation according to aggregated indicators:
The graph shows that the cheapest energy carrier in Russia is
This is main gas, then there are pellets.
Diesel heating is 2 times more expensive. Electricity is also 2 times more expensive, with the cost of 1 kW of electricity being 2.4 rubles. Propane gas is 1.5 times more expensive.
Also, when using pellets instead of electricity, you release free electrical power.
With an electric boiler, there may be a shortage of electricity. This means that, for example, 10 kW of electricity is allocated to the facility and that’s it. But you need to turn on the TV, kettle, refrigerator and there is nothing left for heating.
For people with energy education and for those who understand thermal power engineering: the cost of 1 gCal of heat is 1,100 rubles, or the cost of 1 kW of heat is 1.1 rubles.
For example: everyone knows the cost of 1 kW of electricity in their premises. If 1 kW costs 3 rubles, then the cost of heating with pellets will be 3 times cheaper.
Where can I get pellets?
Today in Russia there are more than 500 pellet producers. In each region there are 5-7 manufacturers and 10-15 trading companies that sell pellets. Therefore, I can say with confidence that there are a lot of pellets, you won’t be left without pellets.
It is always more profitable to buy pellets in the period May-July (summer), because during this period all pellet manufacturers experience a strong decline in sales.
The heating season has already ended or has not yet begun. The cost of pellets in summer can be 2000 rubles cheaper per 1 ton than in heating season. The peak prices for pellets occur in December and January.
To do this you need to understand:
How much does a pellet, diesel or electric boiler cost?
How much will heating cost per year using these types of fuel?
The heating system itself, regardless of the choice of boiler, will cost approximately the same.
Let's consider the payback period using the example of heating 200 m2 of a residential building:
Conclusion: despite the fact that a pellet boiler is more expensive, installing a pellet boiler will pay for itself in the case of diesel in 1 year, in the case of electricity in 1.5 years.
How are pellets made?
Pellets are obtained by grinding raw materials to flour. It is then dried to a moisture content of 8 to 12%. Next is granulation, in a special device that resembles a “meat grinder” or granulator.
The gluing of wood pellets occurs due to the content of a substance - lignin, which, when heated, ensures the creation of the required shape.
Pellets are an environmentally friendly fuel
The pellet production process is as follows:
How do pellets differ from each other?
Diameter (mm). In Russia, pellets of 6 and 8 mm are most often found, but pellets with a diameter of 8 mm are more popular. 6mm pellets are mainly for Italian boilers, or for the supply of pellets for export and pellet fireplaces. 99% of pellet boilers in Russia can consume at least 6 mm or 8 mm pellets.
Ash content (%). This indicator means how much ash will be formed when burning 1 kg of pellets. The lower the ash content, the less frequently the boiler needs to be cleaned. For normal operation boiler using wood pellets, their ash content should not exceed 1%. The ash content of agro pellets (buckwheat, sunflower seeds, etc.) is from 3% and above. Accordingly, the boiler will have to be cleaned 3 times more often. I didn’t clean the boiler in time and fuel consumption increased.
- Heat of combustion or calorific value. This indicator means how much energy will be released when 1 kg of fuel is burned. Or the amount of heat released when burning 1 kg of fuel. Accordingly, the higher the combustion heat, the lower the pellet consumption.
Humidity (%) . The humidity of the pellets should be between 8 and 12%; if this figure is higher or lower, the pellets will crumble.
Pellet density. Subject to all production technologies, 1m3 pellets = 650kg. If the pellets are not dense, this reduces their efficiency and accordingly increases fuel consumption.
Package. There are 2 main types of packaging such as big bag (600-1000 kg) and bag (15-40 kg). Depending on the storage space, bunker and method of feeding pellets, the client chooses the packaging that suits him.
Bags are most often placed on a pallet and wrapped packaging film, because Since the film is not resistant to sharp objects, the pallets must be of high quality and not have a sharp surface. Also, pellets in bags can be shipped in bulk.
How to store pellets?
Storing pellets is very easy. Main enemy pellet is moisture. Pellets to be afraid of direct hit moisture. They do not absorb humidity from the air.
Therefore, they can be stored in bags outside on pallets and covered waterproof materials, and big bags are just on the street. because they are already waterproof.
Advantages of pellets over other types of fuel
Advantages over diesel fuel:
The cost of heating using pellets is 2.5 times cheaper than diesel fuel;
Pellets are non-flowing, non-flammable, non-odorous;
Pellets are a renewable energy source. The cost of diesel is growing faster than the cost of pellets.
Advantage over electricity:
Heating with pellets is 2-5 times cheaper than with electricity;
Liberation of the free electrical power;
There are no high-power electric boilers.
Advantage over wood and coal:
Pellets have an ash content of 0.5%, firewood and coal have an ash content of 30-40%. Pellets have lower ash content and higher boiler efficiency;
A pellet boiler can operate autonomously from 7 to 30 days. Possible for pellets autonomous operation from 1 to 30 days;
Coal is dirty and burns with soot.
Advantage over gas tanks (propane gas):
The cost of 1 kW is 2 times cheaper than using gas from a tank;
Pellet boilers do not require approval from the supervision (up to 1 mW);
The price of propane gas is rising rapidly;
Advantage over mains gas:
Not all territories are gasified;
Payment is required for connecting to the main gas and mains up to the point of connection;
The price of 1 kW from main gas is only 20-30% lower, connection to the main gas will pay off only after 10 years;
Permits are issued slowly;
Gas fuel is constantly becoming more expensive;
In the event of an accident on the gas main, you will be left without heating;
It is impossible to extend gas to the “wild corners” of nature;
Pellet boilers do not require supervision approval (up to 1 mW);
Pellets are renewable and environmentally friendly pure source energy.
How does a pellet boiler work?
Device
A pellet boiler consists of 3 main parts: a heat exchanger and burner, a fuel supply system, and a pellet storage bin.
Operating principle of a pellet boiler
Pellets are poured into the bunker. Using the fuel supply system, they are supplied to the combustion chamber (burner). A powerful air flow is pumped into the burner using a fan and the combustion process and water heating occur.
Pellets without forced submission air does not burn because it has an increased density. The boiler reaches the set water temperature of 80-85 C, turns off, and the supply of air and pellets stops. The pellets in the burner simply smolder. When the water temperature cools by 5-7 degrees, the boiler turns on again and this happens cyclically.
Pellet boiler maintenance
The frequency of filling the bunker with pellets depends on its volume; on average, a standard bunker is enough for 3-7 days of boiler operation. The boiler must be cleaned 1-2-3 times a month, depending on the ash content of the pellets and the design of the heat exchanger. The ash pan of the boiler is also emptied of ash and the burner is cleaned of “coke”.
The pellet boiler can be serviced by unqualified personnel; the service time takes 5-10 minutes. To operate a pellet boiler you do not need to have any special skills.
Placement of the pellet boiler
The pellet boiler can be placed in basements with low ceilings. The boiler can be placed in outbuildings, as well as in detached buildings. For reliable operation automation systems, the temperature in these rooms must be positive. It is important to ensure easy access to the pellets and the pellet boiler from all sides.
Do I need permits or approvals to install a pellet boiler?
Pellets are non-explosive and environmentally friendly fuel. Pellet boiler - belongs to the segment of solid fuel boilers. When installing a pellet boiler, no permits or approvals are required.
What to do with a pellet boiler if main gas is supplied in 3-5 years?
If you are planning to use pellet heating as a temporary heat source because you are waiting for a connection to the main gas, then you do not need to worry about unnecessary expenses.
You can sell the boiler to us after it has been used. We call this function trade-in of pellet boilers.
Also, the pellet boiler can be left as a backup.
Call us, we will select a boiler for you based on power and calculate the monthly consumption of pellets in comparison with other energy sources.
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