Paul kleiman psychology people experiments concept. Read online "psychology". The costs of inventing the "Skinner box"

Paul Kleinman

Psychology. People, concepts, experiments

Paul Kleinman

PSYCH101

PSYCHOLOGY FACTS, BASICS, STATISTICS, TESTS, AND MORE

Scientific editor Vladimir Shulpin

Published with permission from ADAMS MEDIA CORPORATION (USA) and Alexander Korzhenevsky Literary Agency (Russia)

Legal support for the publishing house is provided by Vegas Lex law firm.

Copyright © 2012 F+W Media Inc.

© Translation into Russian, edition in Russian, design. LLC "Mann, Ivanov and Ferber", 2015

Dedicated to Lizzy - the only person who can handle my craziness and make me stay sane

Introduction

What is psychology?

Translated from Greek, psyche means "spirit, soul, breath", and logos - "the doctrine of something." Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes. In fact, people working in this field of science are trying to answer the questions: what makes a person act in a certain way or how does he see this world? These extremely simple, at first glance, questions include a huge number of different and complex topics, including emotions, thinking, dreams, memories, perception, character, mental disorders and their treatment, and much, much more.

It should be noted that psychology arose a very long time ago, back in the days of the ancient Greek philosophers, but only at the end of the 19th century, in 1879, the German scientist Wilhelm Wundt created the first laboratory specifically designed for psychological research, after which, in fact, the actual development of this science. Since then, psychology has developed by leaps and bounds and has offered a truly diverse field for scientific activity, intersecting with many other areas of research: medicine, genetics, sociology, anthropology, linguistics, biology and history - and even with such aspects of human life as sports and romantic relationships. .

So, tune in to reflect, sit back (like lean back in your chair) and prepare for your moment of insight: it's time to explore and understand yourself in ways that you didn't even know existed before. Perhaps this book will simply remind you of what you already knew; Or maybe you will discover something new for yourself. Well, anyway, let's get started. Welcome!

Ivan Pavlov

The man who studied man's best friend

Ivan Pavlov was born in the Russian city of Ryazan on September 14, 1849. As the son of a parish priest, Pavlov studied theology until 1870, but left the religious path and entered St. Petersburg University to study physiology and chemistry.

From 1884 to 1886, Pavlov studied with the outstanding physiologists Karl Ludwig (this scientist studied the physiology of the cardiovascular system) and Rudolf Heidenhain (who studied the structure and functions of the digestive tract). By 1890, having become a qualified surgeon, he became seriously interested in the problem of regulating blood pressure. The young researcher learned how to insert a catheter into a dog's femoral artery without anesthesia, but almost painlessly, while recording how various emotional and pharmacological stimuli affect the animal's blood pressure. However, Pavlov's most important and most significant experiments (carried out on dogs) - the classical formation of conditioned reflexes - were yet to come.

From 1890 to 1924 Ivan Pavlov served as professor of physiology at the Imperial Medical Academy. In the first ten years of work at the Academy, the scientist was interested in the relationship between salivation and digestion. Thanks to his surgical skills, he was able to study the digestive secretions of dogs throughout their lives in relatively close to normal conditions and conducted experiments that demonstrated a clear connection between autonomic functions and the nervous system of animals. In the course of the research, the most important theory of Pavlov was developed - the theory of the conditioned reflex. And by 1930, the scientist used his experiments in this area to explain the development of psychosis in humans.

Psychology. People, concepts, experiments Paul Kleinman

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Title: Psychology. People, concepts, experiments

About the book “Psychology. People, concepts, experiments" Paul Kleinman

Are you far from scientific psychology, but want to master it? Are you not attracted by the prospect of reading multi-volume works of scientists because of their scale? Then pay attention to the book “Psychology. People, concepts, experiments" written by Paul Kleinman. In it, such a science as psychology is presented in a simple, interesting and visual form. It does not contain dry theories and concepts that are present in textbooks for universities. This edition is for all ordinary people who have decided to get acquainted with the wonderful world of psychology, but do not want to read an abstruse text.

Paul Kleinman begins his book with a brief biography of the most famous psychologists and cites their best achievements. It is interesting that our compatriot I. Pavlov, who conducted experiments with a dog and a light bulb, opens the list, which seems to be known to most of us, because many people know his work from the school curriculum. But from the book “Psychology. People, concepts, experiments” about Pavlov and his experiments, you can learn a lot of new things. Also, the book will introduce you to Anna and Sigmund Freud, Hermann Rorschach, Jean Piaget, Kurt Levino and more than 30 other prominent personalities.

Paul Kleinman introduces readers to the basic concepts of psychology. Separately dwells on art therapy, stress and its consequences, Gestalt psychology. Starting to read this book, you will learn about theories of intelligence and personality, cognitive dissonance. Separately, the author dwells on leadership and power. He gives specific examples of how dictatorship and slavery can be observed in the modern world. At the same time, each event submitted for consideration is studied from all sides, which makes it possible to give it an objective assessment.

After reading the book “Psychology. People, Concepts, Experiments, you will not only have an idea of ​​what affective, anxiety and dissociative disorders are, but also how to diagnose them.

The main advantage of this book is that Paul Kleinman has removed all unnecessary details and complex terms from it. Thanks to this, the story turned out to be lively and interesting. With such a book, information that sometimes takes years to study and understand for those who comprehend the basics of psychology is perceived quickly and without unnecessary difficulties.

"Psychology. People, concepts, experiments” really deserves attention. Reading it will not take much time, while it will allow you to understand the actions of people, the events taking place in the world, and most importantly, to get acquainted with outstanding personalities in the field of psychology who have made an invaluable contribution to science.

Genre:

Description of the book: The very meaning of psychology tells us that this science studies our soul or its condition. This science appeared a very long time ago, but it got on its feet only in the nineteenth century. Psychology is so versatile that it can help in medicine, sports, sociology and many other scientific branches. This book is able to remind you of what you may have known or guessed. It will also open up a completely different and unfamiliar world. Paul Kleiman will help you understand yourself and the world that surrounds you.

In these days of active fight against piracy, most of the books in our library have only brief fragments for review, including the book Psychology. People, concepts, experiments. Thanks to this, you can understand whether you like this book and whether you should buy it in the future. Thus, you support the work of the writer Paul Kleinman by legally purchasing the book if you liked its summary.
READ A BOOK

In our time, it has become fashionable to talk about human psychology, to understand the causes of a particular behavior of a person, to analyze the actions of one's neighbors and to dig the brain. In order to be aware of the topic, we suggest reading the book by Paul Kleinman “Psychology. People, concepts, experiments. In it you will find everything you wanted to know, while not particularly bothering about scientific terms and other words that are difficult to perceive by a simple layman. Dummies' Psychology Manual is the best definition of Paul Kleinman's work.

The book “Psychology. People, concepts, experiments” is written in simple and understandable language. And all because the author is a blogger. He writes books on psychology and philosophy, as well as scripts for various TV shows. It is noteworthy that Paul Kleinman is a television broadcaster by profession. Yes, of course, like all people with higher education, he received knowledge in psychology and philosophy. But he is not an expert on the subject. Just a passionate person. This work cannot be called scientific. Educational - yes. Therefore, let's leave scientific works for scrupulous followers of Freud, Maslow, Fromm - let them study. Today we will read light and fascinating reading material on psychology and learn to unobtrusively understand the brains of our neighbors.

In order to understand how it all began, the author suggests at the beginning to get acquainted with the most famous specialists who have made a significant contribution to science. Briefly about the biographies and basic concepts of the great psychologists - Ivan Pavlov, Stanley Milgram, Freud and others will appear before the reader in the work “Psychology. People, concepts, experiments.

An equally interesting topic is the mental deviations of a person and the causes of their occurrence. True, if you believe every word of psychologists, it turns out that we are all abnormal. After all, each person has his own phobias, complexes, fears, preferences, which the sharp eye of a specialist considers a deviation.

Many of the facts cited in the work “Psychology. People, concepts, experiments” are known to readers since their school years. But this does not in the least detract from the benefits of reading, since it is enough for a person who does not specialize in psychology to know the basic dogmas of science, which the author has excellently presented in this book. Read and develop!

On our literary site, you can download the book by Paul Kleinman “Psychology. People, concepts, experiments” (Fragment) in formats suitable for different devices — epub, fb2, txt, rtf. Do you like to read books and always follow the release of new products? We have a large selection of books of various genres: classics, modern science fiction, literature on psychology and children's editions. In addition, we offer interesting and informative articles for beginner writers and all those who want to learn how to write beautifully. Each of our visitors will be able to find something useful and exciting.

What is this book about
Do you want to know more about psychology, but the multi-volume works of scientists scare away with their scale? Now you do not have to spend years of your life studying such a fascinating science as psychology.
Everything you wanted to know about psychology is simple, visual and interesting.
This book is not at all a boring textbook for a university, crammed with theories and concepts - with evidence, justifications and other frightening terms. Vice versa! This is a living narrative, generously seasoned with facts, examples and illustrations.
In just a couple of evenings, you will get acquainted with the wonderful world of psychology, satisfy your curiosity and, which is also important, if necessary, you will be able to keep up small talk.
You will learn about the most famous psychologists who have made an invaluable contribution to science: Ivan Pavlov, Sigmund and Anna Freud, Alfred Adler, Hermann Rorschach, Jean Piaget, Kurt Lewin and more than 30 personalities.
Get acquainted with key ideas - theories of intelligence and personality, cognitive dissonance and leadership, understanding of emotions, love, stress and dreams.
Read about fascinating experiments, basic concepts and trends - cognitive and gestalt psychology, behaviorism and art therapy.
Learn to understand dissociative, anxiety and affective disorders
New discoveries are waiting for you!

Who is this book for?
For those who are interested in psychology and like it when complex things are explained simply.

Quotes from the book

Profile of Adolf Hitler
In 1943, Murray was assigned to understand the psychology of Adolf Hitler. Personality traits were revealed: resentment, malevolence, a tendency to underestimate, blame and offend people, intolerance of criticism, rejection of jokes, inability to thank, the desire for revenge and an extreme thirst for attention.

dreams
A dream in which a person is lost when moving usually means that the person is confused and is trying to return something or find his way, but does not know how to do it.

Stop, moment
Every time we move our eyes or head or move in space ourselves, some things enter our field of vision and others leave it, so we rarely see the world stationary.

social facilitation
With outsiders, we easily solve simple problems, but complex ones are more difficult. It is more comfortable to learn a sports game alone than in a team. The presence of others will make you think about how and what you are doing, which will make you more likely to make mistakes.

bystander effect
This phenomenon leads to the most terrible consequences. A 29-year-old woman was returning from work when she was attacked and stabbed by a stranger. She called for help. Lights came on in the windows, but no one came out. She was killed. Later it turned out that 40 people were watching this, but no one helped her.

admit it
To maintain mental health, a person must accept reality as it is, even if it is not very pleasant. Read online or download the book “Psychology. People, concepts, experiments" on fb2 by Paul Kleinman. The book was published in 2015, belongs to the genre "Psychology" and is published by Mann, Ivanov and Ferber.