CSP plates for walls. Cement particle board - where to apply a universal material? The use of DSP for formwork in monolithic construction

CSP plates for walls.  Cement particle board - where to apply a universal material?  The use of DSP for formwork in monolithic construction
CSP plates for walls. Cement particle board - where to apply a universal material? The use of DSP for formwork in monolithic construction

Cement particle board (CSP) is a versatile building material suitable for both indoor and outdoor use. Moreover, in terms of the sum of its characteristics, it surpasses any wood-based sheet material (chipboard, OSB), because, in addition to high heat and sound insulating qualities, as well as enviable strength, the DSP board demonstrates acceptable fire resistance and the complete absence of warping or shrinkage. Thanks to this, DSP can be painted, plastered, finished with ceramics (tiles) or siding.

What are such plates made of - are additives needed

DSP is a multi-component sheet building material, in the manufacturing process of which Portland cement and wood shavings are used. In addition, the composition of the plate includes special chemical additives that allow the base materials to coexist without any problems. Indeed, under normal conditions, wood is not friendly with cement, which provokes excessive moisture and the associated warping and decay of the material.

The use of special additives (up to 2.5–3% of the total volume) eliminates the negative consequences of the proximity of wood and cement, giving CBPB such useful properties of the first and second components as heat resistance and fire resistance. Moreover, due to the percentage ratio - 24% of wood accounts for 65% of cement - the plate acquires other positive qualities: high strength, frost resistance, soundproofing properties, vapor permeability and complete disregard for the material by both insects and rodents.

In addition, at the same time, a wooden and cement board demonstrates such qualities as resistance to fungi, moisture resistance, resistance to temperature shrinkage and compatibility with most finishing materials, which is explained by enviable adhesion. At the same time, chemical additives in DSP do not belong to environmentally harmful materials, since they do not contain either asbestos or formaldehyde.

What are the specifications and sizes

Domestic enterprises have been producing the first DSP boards for floors and walls since the late 1980s. Now this composite building and finishing material is produced at six enterprises, adhering to the following size range:

  • Length - from 2.7 to 3.2 m. Moreover, the most popular plates are 3 meters long.
  • Width - exactly 1.25 m. This size is a kind of standard that determines the step of the crate when finishing the surfaces of the DSP.
  • Thickness - from 8 to 36 mm. Moreover, this parameter divides the range into 7 sizes, and the depth of the most popular sheets is 10, 16 and 20 mm.

The thickness and length of the sheet affect such a value as the weight of the DSP. Moreover, an 8-mm slab 2.7 meters long weighs the least - 36.45 kg, and a 36-mm slab 3.2 meters long - 194.4 kg will have the maximum weight.

Other technical characteristics typical for the DSP board are as follows:

  • Density - from 1.2 to 1.4 t / m 3. The difference in density depends on the level of humidity, which can be unstable (standards allow fluctuations within 3%).
  • Strength - bending 9-12 MPa, tensile - 0.4 MPa. As you can see, the plate reacts poorly to both bending and stretching. Another thing is longitudinal deformation. In this case, the resistance of the DSP is so great that it can be used to strengthen the load-bearing wall of the house.
  • Standard humidity is 9%. Moreover, after a daily stay in water, this indicator increases only to 16%, and the linear dimensions of the sheet change by 0.3% in length and 2% in thickness.
  • Vapor permeability - 0.03 mg / (m h Pa). Due to the porous structure, cement-bonded particle boards are classified as "breathable" materials, which, combined with the general environmental friendliness of the base, increases the attractiveness of this option in the eyes of builders of healthy dwellings.
  • Thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.26 W / (m K). Such a sheet cannot be compared with pure wood (0.15), but compared to brickwork (0.7), cement-bonded particle boards look very dignified, and compared to pure concrete (1.75), they are completely amazing.

However, no matter what technical characteristics the DSP plate demonstrates, the use of this material is associated with solving a narrow set of tasks that will be discussed below in the text.

Disadvantages of cement and chip slabs - what are they

After reviewing the characteristics, I would like to mention the disadvantages of the DSP. First of all, these include the significant weight of the sheet, which makes it difficult to transport the panel to the upper floors or roof. However, for the formation of a roofing cake, 10- or 16-mm sheets are usually used, the weight of which does not exceed 75-85 kilograms, which is quite acceptable for a roofing team of 3-4 people.

The second serious disadvantage of DSP is its low bending strength. Such plates are not suitable for the construction of arches and other architectural forms with curved lines. However, if necessary, the same OSB sheet can replace the cement particle board.

The practice of application in outdoor work - where it is useful

Due to the high frost resistance and acceptable moisture resistance that any cement-bonded particle board has, the use of this material in outdoor work will be justified even if thin, 8 mm sheets are used. DSP is used in the construction of ventilated facades. In this case, lighthouses are stuffed onto the wall of the building, on top of which sheets of cement and shavings are laid. Further finishing depends on the degree of grinding of the outer side of the panel. Unpolished material can be covered with plaster, not forgetting the reinforcing mesh. The sanded sheet is usually painted or left as is.

In addition, due to the high moisture resistance of DSP, the use of this material is also possible in the context of the base for the assembly of removable or fixed formwork. High stiffness, minimal moisture warpage and virtually water tightness make this material an ideal formwork for reusable or single use. Moreover, the sheets are easily processed, allowing you to assemble structures of even very complex configurations. And as a fixed formwork, DSP has an additional advantage - the sheet will work as a waterproofing agent, simultaneously insulating the base.

Sandwich panels based on sheets of chips and cement are also very popular. Such building materials allow you to assemble a house in a matter of months. In this case, the main advantage of DSP is the thickness of the sheet, which reaches 3.6 centimeters and allows you to increase the overall rigidity of the structure. Therefore, from sandwiches based on such sheets, it is possible to build houses of virtually any number of storeys. True, a sandwich panel made of a heavy-duty sheet with a thickness of 36 mm weighs more than 400 kilograms, which somewhat complicates the construction process.

DSP boards are used not only for floors or attic floors. In this case, the panels are used as cladding, they are stuffed onto the frame racks with a preliminary vapor barrier. Moreover, from the outside, the slab is first primed, raising the adhesion of the surface, and then painted or plastered, obtaining an outwardly attractive facade. Well, the internal layer of mineral wool located between the racks of the frame will be responsible for the thermal insulation in the frame house, so the heat resistance of the DSP in this case can be neglected.

Interior decoration and floor arrangement - for every taste

If you have a DSP board, the use of this material in interior work is limited only by your imagination. From the sheets, a high-quality rough sheathing for walls or a frame is obtained. Moreover, they can be covered with a layer of plaster or primer and wallpapered or tiled, so DSPs go to wet areas (bathrooms, showers, toilets, kitchens), and to ordinary rooms. Thick sheets can be used in the arrangement of interior partitions.

Moreover, 24- or 36-mm panels are used even without a frame. They are folded in 2 or 3 sheets, fixing to the ceiling and floor.

Such a move allows you to speed up the arrangement of the interior, and thanks to the wood base in the DSP, you can not only screw in self-tapping screws, but also hammer in nails, hanging pictures, mirrors, shelves or decor. DSP in the interior is valued for its high fire resistance. This material not only resists an open flame for 50 minutes, but also does not emit toxic combustion products. Therefore, such panels are classified as a low-combustible type of building materials G1 - under no circumstances will the DSP burn on its own.

However, the most common scope of such plates is interfloor, basement or attic floors. DSPs for floors or ceilings are more than willing to buy. This material can be used to insulate a concrete slab, strengthen the frame floor, and increase the moisture resistance of a wooden base. Installation of the floor (basement) based on DSP involves the following operations:

  • Waterproofing and soundproofing are laid on the supporting column.
  • A log (beam 5x8 centimeters) and cranial bars are laid on top. The placement step is 60 centimeters.
  • A boardwalk or a thin DSP slab is mounted on the bars - the use of thick slabs for a rough-type floor will be unjustified for practical reasons. After all, the draft floor holds only a heater.
  • A waterproofing membrane and a layer of insulation are laid on top of the flooring. Moreover, the thickness of this layer should be 2-3 centimeters less than the depth of the log - this space will go under the ventilation gap.
  • At the end, a DSP sheet is laid on the log and fixed to ordinary self-tapping screws with a countersunk head.

By acting in this way, it is possible to obtain a warm floor with excellent strength characteristics even with a 20 mm thick cement-bonded sheet. Panels with a thickness of 24-36 mm can be laid on sand-cement bedding or compacted clay, refusing to support posts. For residential buildings, this technology is not suitable, but for warehouses, a thick cement-bonded particle board, the technical characteristics of which indicate a readiness to withstand a large operational load, will come in handy.

The floor in the house and apartment should be even and warm. This can be achieved by pouring a screed, but it is easier to lay sheet material with suitable characteristics on the subfloor. One option is a DSP board. It is a durable non-combustible material that can be used for leveling, as a base for flooring.

DSP plate - sheet material for exterior and interior decoration. It can be used on walls, ceilings, roofs, as a subfloor, as a base for flooring. The composition of the DSP is wood chips and cement with additives.

  • Portland cement brand M500 - 60-65%;
  • wood (wood) shavings of medium and fine fraction - 24-25%;
  • water - 8.5-10%;
  • additives (calcium chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, sodium silicates) - 2-3%.

The DSP board is formed from three to four layers. The inner layers in the DSP are made of sawdust of greater length (the thickness of the sawdust is 0.2-0.3 mm, the length is 10-30 mm), the outer layers are made of finer ones. The inner layer serves to give strength and elasticity, the outer layer allows you to make plates with a smooth surface that requires minimal finishing. Formed sheets are fed into the press, then dried to normal moisture content (10-12%).

Characteristics

Cement particle board has the following characteristics:


As you can see, the characteristics of DSP boards are good. Another positive point - the high density of the material leads to the fact that the screws in it hold well. Specific pull-out resistance 4-7 N/m. This is higher than that of fiberboard and, even more so, than that of. But in order to install fasteners in very dense sheets, you have to pre-drill holes. And if it is necessary that the hats do not stick out, then countersink.

Important properties

At its core, cement particle board is a hardened cement mortar in which chips are used as a reinforcing substance. That is, the material is harmless in terms of environmental friendliness. It can be cut with different tools. A hacksaw is difficult and slow, a special saw for concrete is needed in a jigsaw, but an angle grinder (grinder) is cut quickly, but the process is very dusty. If there is a need, it is well milled.


The DSP plate is not affected by fungus and insects. Can be glued with wood, metals and polymers (plastic). If necessary, two layers can be laid one on top of the other. If you want to have a monolith, use cement-based tile adhesive.

One of the important aspects is low flammability. Not a fireclay brick, of course, but when exposed to high temperatures it slowly chars, then crumbles.

Application area

If we talk about the advantages of DSP, first of all it is worth mentioning the incombustibility of the material. It does not ignite and does not support combustion. The second positive point is the absence of synthetic components that emit styrene and formaldehyde. This explains the popularity of this material in frame housing construction. Even despite the solid weight of the plates, they are used to make the lining of the first and second floors.


Scope of DSP boards - walls, ceiling, floor, formwork

A DSP slab for the floor is also used. But it is worth saying that the material has an unstable geometry. This is explained by technological features. So getting a perfectly flat surface without "steps" between the sheets is difficult.

Second moment. DSP boards are plastic. In the sense that if they are laid on an uneven surface, over time they will take the shape of the surface. On the one hand, this is good - where some sheet materials can break on uneven floors, the DSP will simply repeat the shape. On the other hand, you can’t even put a thick sheet on logs with a large distance - it will sag over time. On a subfloor or other base with minimal gaps, it can be used without problems.

DSP on the floor: how to use

The floor of DSP is recommended to be made from slabs with a thickness of at least 20 mm. Theoretically, plates of this thickness can also be placed on logs, but it is better to make their installation step small. Thinner sheets can also be used on a solid, even base (concrete screed or subfloor), but the heat-insulating and sound-proofing characteristics will be lower.


As a base for laying the finish coat - this is one of the good options. It is possible to lay both soft (linoleum, carpet, PVC tiles, cork) and hard (laminate, parquet, parquet board) coatings. Lay on the DSP and tile. In this case, take cement-based glue and see that the base is stable, there is no movement. When laying out, try to make sure that the seam of the tile does not fall on the junction of two sheets.

Under hard coatings (in particular, under tiles), it is possible to lay DSP not along the walls, but obliquely. Thus, with a straight layout, you will definitely avoid the coincidence of the seams. There is more fuss with such laying of plates, but the load on the seams will be lower. Less chance of cracking at the seams or broken tiles, swelling of the laminate seam.

How to seal the joints of the DSP

Since the cement-bonded particle board has thermal expansion, the boards are laid not close to each other, but with a gap. Under a hard floor covering, joints can be left unsealed (open seam). The seams should fall on the base (beam, logs, crate), because the joint will not be empty. For better insulation, a strip of waterproofing material is laid on the beam with an open seam. It can be a dense polyethylene film, roofing felt or more modern waterproofing materials.


If the floor of DSP boards is made under a soft floor covering, the seam is filled with an elastic sealant. When choosing a sealant, pay attention that after drying it remains elastic, otherwise it will simply crumble and sag. It must also be compatible with wood and cement. The best copolymers in this regard, but they are expensive.

There is another option for filling the joint of DSP boards on the floor - an elastic cord made of polyethylene foam. It is laid in the gap, and on top it can be covered or painted.

How to fasten and fastener installation step

DSP can be fixed with nails or self-tapping screws (self-tapping screws). The selection of fasteners depends on the thickness of the plate. The length of the nail or self-tapping screw must be at least three times the thickness of the plate. For example, fasten a 16 mm thick slab. The length of the screw or nail is 48 mm or more (16 mm * 3 = 48 mm).


Fasteners are installed:

  • along the perimeter of the sheet;
  • along the cross beams.

Along the perimeter of the sheet, self-tapping screws or nails are set back some distance from the edge. This distance, as well as the installation step, depends on the thickness of the sheet. All data are shown in the table above. These are the maximum allowed distances. For the floor, this is not as critical as for mounting on vertical surfaces, but, all the same, it is possible to install fasteners less often, more is undesirable.

two layers

When installing floors on a rigid base (wooden floor, subfloor, concrete slab), it is recommended to lay two layers of sheets. Their total thickness and the thermal insulation materials used (if any) must provide the required level of thermal insulation and sound absorption.


In this case, the second-row DSP slab is laid with offset seams. The offset of the seams must be at least 50 cm. The layers can be twisted together with self-tapping screws. If you smear them with glue, it will be almost a monolith. This, by the way, is a way out if it is difficult to lift thick slabs to a height. Thinner ones can even be carried up the stairs.

Do not forget to leave a gap for thermal expansion along the perimeter of the room - it is 3-6 mm. In order to leave a gap along the walls when laying the DSP, you can support it with mounting wedges, insert gaskets between the wall and the edge of the sheet. Insert thickness - 4-6 mm. Can be rolled around the perimeter. It will also improve the thermal and sound insulation characteristics. If the budget is limited, you can cut thin foam into strips and lay these strips along the walls.

Underfloor heating from DSP slabs for tiles.

The construction industry is one of the most actively developing today. Periodically, new technological solutions appear on the building materials market. One of such innovations is DSP boards, the sizes and prices of which have greatly pleased both specialists in this field and ordinary consumers. Today, together with HouseChief experts, we will try to figure out what is the uniqueness of this building material, what are its positive qualities, and whether it has disadvantages.

Read in the article

What is a CSP

The uniqueness of the sheet building material, which was briefly called CSP (cement-bonded particle board), lies in the fact that it was possible to combine seemingly incompatible components in its composition - Portland cement and crushed wood shavings. This became possible due to the introduction of special hydration additives that neutralize the harmful effects of the components included in the composition of the plates on each other. Modern manufacturers have learned how to make plates without the use of phenol and formaldehyde harmful to human health.

Technically, the process of manufacturing plates is as follows:

  1. The raw mass is formed in a special drum, where wood shavings, mineral components, Portland cement, and water are successively added.
  2. The formation of the plate occurs in layers, while finely ground chips are located outside, and larger chips are inside the product, thereby ensuring its strength. The smoothness of the front layer is achieved due to small chips.
  3. Moving along the conveyor line, the workpiece enters the hydraulic press, where it is molded under high pressure.

The ideal smooth surface allows even or even walls. If you veneer the house with panels and paint them in one of the pastel colors, you will get a classic facade, where the main role will be played by decorative strips covering the joints between the panels.


Water-repellent properties have made products based on chips and indispensable for finishing wet rooms.


Specifications, application of DSP boards

  1. The product density should be between 1100 and 1400 kg/m³ under normal humidity conditions.
  2. Water absorption should not exceed 16%.
  3. It is allowed to change the linear dimensions at high humidity (6-12%) in width by no more than 2%, in length - by 0.3%.
  4. The bending strength should be: 12 MPa - for panels with a thickness of 10, 12 and 16 mm, 10 MPa - for plates with a thickness of 24 mm and 9 MPa - for plates of 36 mm.
  5. The strength of the plate under perpendicularly applied tensile loads must be at least 0.4 MPa.
  6. Soundproof properties are 45 dB.
  7. Thermal conductivity - 0.26 W / m × ° C.
  8. According to GOST 7016-82, the value of the roughness level after factory grinding should not exceed 80 microns. For untreated slabs, this figure is 320 microns.
  9. The material belongs to the group of low-combustible products (G1).
  10. For dry rooms, the service life is 50 years or more.

Related article:

In the publication, we will consider the scope of products, design, the correct purchase of nozzles for a jigsaw, device selection criteria, a market overview and additional recommendations.

Important! It is recommended to use a carbide-coated concrete and stone cutting blade designed for this type of work. To prevent the tool from failing quickly, the rotation speed should be at least 200 rpm.



Finishing the facade of the DSP

Houses, the facades of which are lined with CSP, acquire an aesthetic appearance. The front layer of such products can have different designs. They imitate other finishing materials (stone, brickwork, milled decorative slabs for stone and brick

This video will tell about decorative materials based on DSP for facade decoration:

The use of DSP for the floor

When laying DSP on the floor along the logs, it is recommended to choose a thickness of products from 24 mm in order to ensure sufficient strength of the floor covering.


Mounting on logs Preparatory work before laying the DSP on the floor

Fixation of the plates is carried out using self-tapping screws, while the screw with a countersunk head must be immersed in the body of the wooden beam by 20 mm. The result is a perfectly flat subfloor with excellent performance.

csp plate

frame construction

DSPs have proven themselves in the construction of frame-type houses. There are two options - the purchase of a ready-made house kit based on DSP or the independent construction of walls, between which there is a mineral insulation. The slabs are fixed on a wooden or metal crate, while the frame is sewn around the perimeter, and then the House is cut out using frame technology using DSP

Article

When performing construction and finishing works, the most important aspect is the reliability and durability of the resulting structure, but not all materials provide such parameters. That is why a cement-bonded particle board with the necessary performance characteristics is an excellent solution. Products have their own characteristics, which should be taken into account in order to achieve the best result.

Deciphering DSP - cement-bonded particle board. The products include the following components:

  • High grade Portland cement (from M400) - 65%.
  • Wood chips (most often coniferous) - at least 24% of the total mass.
  • Water without impurities - 8.5%.
  • Special mineral additives (sodium silicate, aluminum sulfate and others) - 2.5%.

The availability of the constituent cement-bonded particle boards determines their high popularity.

The products belong to composite materials and have been known for quite a long time, which is confirmed by GOST 26816-86. For a long time it was unclaimed due to the wide variety of the construction market.

At the moment, the manufacture of the material is regulated by GOST 26816-2016. This regulation is based on the 1986 document and the European standards EN 634-1:1995 and EN 634-2:2007. Although the demand for products is increasing, due to the excellent quality and reasonable price, its availability remains rather low.

Material production

The plate manufacturing technology includes a number of successive stages:


Modern production is constantly developing, so it is possible to obtain DSP sheets with a minimum thickness of 6 mm without loss of properties.

Advantages and disadvantages

The material stands out among the rest with many advantages:


But the DSP plate also has disadvantages:


When buying, pay attention to the availability of safety certificates.

Types of cement particle boards

The panels have a similar composition and allow you to choose the right material for a particular situation:

The characteristics of xylolite and fibrolite are very different, therefore their purpose is different.

  • Xylolite. The base contains shavings and magnesia cement. It has high strength, so it can be used as a floor covering.
  • Fiberboard. For production, wood raw materials that have undergone special processing and burnt magnesite are used. Portland cement is used as a binder. The resulting parts are soft and suitable for thermal insulation.
  • Arbolit. Quite a popular variety for outdoor and indoor use.

The use of new technologies made it possible to bring "Arbolit" to the leaders of sales

It is also customary to divide parts according to the area of ​​\u200b\u200buse, depending on the thickness. There are two brands of products: TsSP-1 and TsSP-2, which differ in parameters.

Specifications

Such a facing material has the following properties:

  1. Bending strength. From 9 to 12 MPa. This indicator indicates that the laying place should be even. But the resistance to longitudinal deformation of the panels is high, which makes it possible to use them to strengthen load-bearing structures.
  2. Density. From 1200 to 1400 kg / m 3. Values ​​vary due to possible fluctuations in humidity.
  3. Vapor permeability. It is about 0.03 mg/(m·h·Pa). The presence of a porous structure does not prevent vapor exchange.
  4. Humidity level. Within 9%. If the manufacturing technology is fully observed, then with constant exposure to water during the day, the indicator changes by less than 2 times.
  5. Thermal conductivity. Coefficient - 0.26 W / (m K). If you sheathe a house with such material, then its energy efficiency will increase.

Extended table of general characteristics of cement-bonded particle boards

Sheet size:

  • width - 120 and 125 cm (standard);
  • length - 320 and 360 cm;
  • thickness - from 6 to 36 mm;
  • weight is due to dimensions: a panel 1200 * 3200 * 36 will have a mass of 195 kg.

There are other parameters, regulatory documents allow you to produce parts of the required dimensions.

Design parameters of the best-selling DSP models

Since the material is environmentally friendly and moisture resistant, the area where it can be used is quite extensive:

  1. Frame construction. In such a situation, dimensional parts should be used, because they reinforce the supporting structures. Wall ceilings are entirely sheathed with slabs, the field of which is processed.
  2. Facade decoration. This is the best option if the climate is high humidity and severe frosts. The panels are used when installing a system with additional ventilation: they are laid on the crate. Due to the fact that the products are polished or unpolished, they are left unlined or plastered.
  3. Internal work. Plates make wall and ceiling cladding. In larger processes, the material is used to equip the attic and subfloor.

Renowned brands such as Tamak offer a complete line of high quality cement boards for a variety of finishes and applications.

Characteristics allow the use of chipboard cement panels almost everywhere, if appropriate. Although all the work can be done with your own hands, the dimensions and weight of the parts require the presence of an assistant.

For comparison with other materials, we propose to use such characteristics as:

  • fire safety;
  • ease of installation;
  • resistance to mold and disease;
  • reviews of builders;
  • feedback from residents and homeowners.

Fire safety and flammability class

In this parameter, DSPs are superior not only to polymeric insulation and PVC, but even to wood concrete. TsSP is assigned a flammability class - G1, that is, they are slow-burning. Due to the large proportion of cement, each of the chips is surrounded by a cement stone, so to start the pyrolysis process in wood close to the surface exposure to a temperature of 500 or more degrees for half an hour is necessary.

As soon as the thermal effect is eliminated, the pyrolysis process is quickly completed, because close contact of many chips is necessary for the start of a self-sustaining reaction.

If the temperature exceeds 700 degrees, and this effect lasts more than an hour, then the pyrolysis of the chips begins throughout the entire depth of the plate.

At this temperature, any building materials sharply lose strength, and concrete is completely destroyed. Therefore, after a fire of such magnitude, the house cannot be repaired, except that the fire was local in nature and burned out only a small area of ​​​​the house.

Even the start of the pyrolysis process does not lead to the release of particularly toxic substances, because the main components of pyrolysis gas (smoke) are:

  • nitrogen;
  • carbon dioxide;
  • carbon monoxide.

Only carbon monoxide is a serious danger, but, firstly, very little of it is released during pyrolysis, and secondly, during a fire, combustion occurs in conditions of lack of oxygen, so carbon monoxide is released everywhere in huge quantities.

Therefore, the DSP one of the safest in the fire plan of materials and is comparable to GKL and fiberboards. It is much safer than finishing from:

  • plywood;
  • boards;
  • wood concrete;
  • insulating fiberboards;
  • foams and plastics.

Ease of installation

Due to the high cement content of CSP much harder than most finishing materials.

The weight of thin sheets is 25-45 kg, so a minimum of 2 people are needed to work with them.

To work with thick sheets, 5-6 people are needed, because the mass of a sheet with a thickness of 26 mm exceeds 200 kg.

Cutting the material is also difficult, because you need to use high-speed circular saw and diamond-coated blade or carbide tipped.

Therefore, in terms of ease of installation, DSP is inferior to most finishing materials. After all, its weight, with equal dimensions and thickness, exceeds the mass of any other finishing material, including LSU and wood concrete.

Resistant to mold and disease

Due to the fact that the wood in the DSP does not have direct contact with air, it is less susceptible to mold and disease.

In addition, for products manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST, the chips are pre-soaked in a solution of lime or other reagents, increasing biological stability wood.

Feedback from builders and residents about wood-cement blocks

In order to collect the most reliable feedback on the characteristics, application and prices of DSPs, we turned to the forums, among the users of which there are:

  • professional builders;
  • experienced engineers;
  • owners of apartments and houses;
  • people with experience in self-repair.

Here list of forums with DSP discussion threads:

  • Forumhouse;
  • Forumgrad;
  • NGS House;
  • Vegalab;
  • We build a house;
  • Mastergrad;
  • Ideas for your home;

Scopes of DSP

DSPs have been widely used in many construction areas due to their technical characteristics. Modern products based on cement and wood shavings compete with drywall, fiberboard and plywood.

Loft-style room

Finishing the facade of the DSP

Houses, the facades of which are lined with CSP, acquire an aesthetic appearance. The front layer of such products can have different designs. They imitate other finishing materials (stone, brickwork, plaster) or have a decorative rough surface made of stone chips of various colors and fractions.

Milled decorative slabs for stone and brick
High strength, resistance to negative environmental influences and aesthetic appearance of decorative CBPBs allow them to be successfully used for facade work in the construction of private houses
A variety of front decorative layer of stone chips

This video will tell about decorative materials based on DSP for facade decoration:

The use of DSP for the floor

When laying DSP on the floor along the logs, it is recommended to choose a thickness of products from 24 mm in order to ensure sufficient strength of the floor covering.

Fastening on lags

When working indoors, it is necessary to carry out preparatory measures - to close the holes in the base, if any, fix the logs, put insulation and vapor barrier material.

Preparatory work before laying the DSP on the floor

Fixation of the plates is carried out using self-tapping screws, while the screw with a countersunk head must be immersed in the body of the wooden beam by 20 mm. The result is a perfectly flat subfloor with excellent performance.

frame construction

DSPs have proven themselves in the construction of frame-type houses. There are two options - the purchase of a ready-made house kit from SIP panels based on DSP or self-construction of walls, between which there is a mineral insulation. The plates are fixed on a wooden or metal crate, while the frame is sewn around the perimeter, and then window and door openings are cut out. The elements of the crate are installed in increments of 60 cm so that the insulation material can be firmly fixed between them. Plates are taken with a thickness of 10–16 mm, fixed with galvanized screws.

House on frame technology using DSP

Related article:

Do-it-yourself frame house: step by step instructions. Do you want to build a frame house with your own hands? The step-by-step instructions given in this article will help to understand all the intricacies quickly and easily even for beginners.

Interior finishing works

The environmental safety of cement-bonded particle boards made it possible to use them as a full-fledged finishing material inside premises for any purpose. Due to its high moisture resistance, this material has significantly replaced drywall, which is not recommended for use on walls in wet areas.

Leveling the walls and floor in the bathroom

DSPs are used for effective leveling of walls and their subsequent finishing with decorative finishing materials. However, DSP in some interiors (loft, industrial, high-tech, and others), where a raw concrete texture is appropriate, is used to create accent surfaces and even to cover entire rooms.

The accent wall in the bedroom at the head of the bed is made of cement panels

The fastening of the plates depends on the thickness and dimensions of the sheets, and, accordingly, their weight. Heavy products are attached to the crate, and light ones - with the help of a special solution or mastic.

Production of SIP panels from CSP

CIP panels made of DSP are a three-layer material, where an insulation made of expanded polystyrene, basalt fiber or polyurethane foam (PPU) is fixed between the sheets.

Appearance of sandwich panels

A common distinguishing feature of the material is its high fire and environmental safety. The possibility of rapid construction of a private house and significant savings on finishing facade work.

Assembling a house kit from SIP with DSP

The use of DSP for formwork in monolithic construction

There are a number of advantages of this type of fixed formwork device in the production of monolithic works:

  1. Reducing installation work and the total period of construction of the facility.
  2. Surface ready for finishing.
  3. High profitability of the construction of the facility as a whole.
  4. Guaranteed to create a solid and reliable design.

Monolithic construction using fixed formwork from DSP

Mounting methods

DSPs can be mounted in various ways, depending on the purpose for which they are used. When finishing or insulating buildings, they are attached to a crate made of a metal profile or wooden bars with self-tapping bolts or nails. The arrangement of fixed formwork also involves frame erection (given the large weight of the plates, it, like the crate when finishing the walls, must be strong enough). In addition, the slabs can be laid on logs (when installing the floor) or rafters (under the roofing). When interior decoration, they are also can be attached to the wall with mortar or mastic.

Preparing for DSP Coating

Before starting work on arranging a rough coating from DSP, the subfloor must be properly prepared. For example, in the case of laying material on a wooden base, old or rotten boards must be dismantled and replaced with new ones.

It is important to close all the cracks with putty, and the wooden base is primed for better adhesion to the glue, on which the slab coating will be mounted.

If the installation will be carried out on a concrete base, then it should also be carefully inspected for damage and repaired if necessary. Also, if there are strong horizontal deviations, cement mixtures are leveled. In the case of laying DSP on the ground, a preliminary leveling of the surface is necessarily carried out - this can be done by pouring a sand-gravel mixture 20 cm thick on the ground and ramming it.

The process of building a gazebo with a DSP floor

The best option is to lay DSP boards on logs. In this case, if it is planned to install the base directly above the ground, the supports for the logs are installed on the ground, and hydro and thermal insulation is also laid. The distance between the supports can vary from 0.5 to 1 m - this figure depends on the thickness of the timber used for the logs.

Materials and tools that need to be prepared for working with DSP:

  • timber for lags (section 150x100 or 50x100 mm);
  • DSP boards in the required quantity;
  • antiseptic solution for timber;
  • sawing tool (for example, a hacksaw);
  • materials for waterproofing and insulation;
  • measuring instruments (tape measure, pencil);
  • fixing material;
  • drill.

Fastening floor tiles with self-tapping screws

How to paint DSP board

To give DSP boards an attractive appearance, the easiest way is to paint. After appropriate preparation of the surface, two coats of paint are applied with a roller or. Most often, in order to paint the DSP, they use:

Acrylic paints . This paint has good adhesion and is highly wear resistant. If financial possibilities allow, it is better to use paints that include a solvent, but water-soluble facade acrylic paints, if properly applied, will last from 3 to 5 years.

latex paint . This coating is resistant to alkaline and mild acid solutions, easy to wash and mechanically clean with detergents. Besides. Painting work can be done independently, which will save a significant amount.

silicate paint . The use of this type of coating has high adhesion, their vapor permeability provides optimal conditions for air circulation, which prevents the appearance of mold and other fungi. The coating is not afraid of atmospheric influences and detergents, and the service life will satisfy even the highest requirements.

Before proceeding with the painting of the CBPB, it should be taken into account that the use of alkyd paints is undesirable, since cracking and peeling of the coating may occur upon direct contact with alkalis.

1 What are such plates made of, are additives needed?

DSP is a multi-component sheet building material, in the manufacturing process of which Portland cement and wood shavings are used. In addition, the composition of the plate includes special chemical additives that allow the base materials to coexist without any problems. Indeed, under normal conditions, wood is not friendly with cement, which provokes excessive moisture and the associated warping and decay of the material.

For the manufacture of CBPB, Portland cement and shavings are used.

The use of special additives (up to 2.5–3% of the total volume) eliminates the negative consequences of the proximity of wood and cement, giving CBPB such useful properties of the first and second components as heat resistance and fire resistance. Moreover, due to the percentage ratio - 24% of wood accounts for 65% of cement - the plate acquires other positive qualities: high strength, frost resistance, soundproofing properties, vapor permeability and complete disregard for the material by both insects and rodents.

In addition, at the same time, a wooden and cement board demonstrates such qualities as resistance to fungi, moisture resistance, resistance to temperature shrinkage and compatibility with most finishing materials, which is explained by enviable adhesion. At the same time, chemical additives in DSP do not belong to environmentally harmful materials, since they do not contain either asbestos or formaldehyde.

Specifications of the DSP

In the manufacture of high-strength cement compositions are mixed with wood shavings of various fractions, water and a number of chemical reagents (for example, liquid glass or aluminum salts). Reacting with wood shavings, chemicals mineralize it, thereby increasing the strength and durability of the board.

Layering is the main quality of the boards, which guarantees their high quality and special strength. The formation of the slab structure occurs in such a way that large fractions of chips are located inside, and small ones are outside. After the preparation of the cement-chip mass, its layers are placed in special molds under the press, from where the finished multilayer DSP with a smooth surface on one side comes out.

DSP: the technical characteristics of the plate are such that it does not require the application of finishing putty. It is sufficient to paint the slabs after placement. In some cases it will be sufficient to apply a thin coat of primer before painting.

CSP floors laying nuances

In general, the installation of DSP boards is carried out in exactly the same way as the laying of OSB boards.

During the work, it is important to follow a few rules, and then the base of the floor will turn out to be of the highest quality: a wooden beam for a log must be treated with compounds that prevent rotting

Special compositions can be replaced with engine oil;

  • a wooden beam for a log must be treated with compounds that prevent rotting. Special compositions can be replaced with engine oil;

Wood preservatives

  • when installing plates on a concrete screed for a log, you can use a beam of a smaller section - up to 50x50 mm. This will save usable space;
  • when installing the log, you should monitor their level - it must be strictly horizontal;
  • before installation, DSP boards are laid out on logs - this will allow you to determine which of them need to be trimmed if necessary;
  • glue must be well mixed before use;
  • Compensation gaps along the walls will allow avoiding deformation of the DSP base.

Another example of the use of DSP

DSP - the material is not bad enough, if you use it to create an even base. It is not difficult to work with him, but due to the large mass of sheets, it is better to get an assistant.

Mounting Features

Boards based on a cement-bonded mixture are easy to process. For cutting, you will need a hacksaw with fine teeth. Large teeth contribute to the formation of dust, makes the edges of the part uneven, so this tool is not suitable for sawing DSP.

When arranging a dry screed, a concrete or wooden coating is used as the basis for the slabs. It is also possible to lay sheets on a frame, the cells of which are pre-filled with insulating material (mineral wool, foam plastic, expanded clay, and another type of dry filler).

The plates are fixed with self-tapping screws or with the help of an adhesive mixture. The adhesive must be evenly distributed over the surface of the material with a notched trowel, leaving no gaps. This will help to avoid deformation of the material.

It is also important to generously fill the joints with adhesive to obtain a monolith. Self-tapping screws are screwed in at intervals of 35-50 cm

When facing the DSP of the outer walls of the building, an installation method is used that provides for the arrangement of the crate. Frame parts can be wooden or made of metal profiles. When choosing a tree, it is recommended to pre-treat it with an antiseptic solution to protect it from premature aging and microbiological processes.

To create a thermal protection of the dwelling, it is recommended to lay heat-insulating material between the walls of the house and the DSP. Preference should be given to basalt wool, which has a good rate of vapor permeability (the walls will breathe) and high resistance to moisture (low hygroscopicity will prevent moisture absorption into the layers of the heat insulator).

Fine finishing of slabs from a cement-bonded mixture provides for surface treatment with a primer, laying a reinforcing mesh and applying a layer of decorative plaster. The facade is painted in a color that echoes other architectural elements of the exterior.

Arrangement of the floor with the help of DSP

Let's consider the arrangement of the floor from the DSP on the logs using the example of a balcony.

Step 1. A layer of insulation is laid under the logs. Logs are installed parallel to the walls at a distance of about 30-40 cm from each other.

Logs installed on top of the insulation

Step 2 Cross bars are installed, crates are being created. Between themselves, wooden bars are connected using metal corners and self-tapping screws.

Cross bars are installed, the crate is ready

Step 3 The space between the lags is filled with insulating material.

Insulation laying

Step 4 DSP slabs of the required dimensions are laid across the longitudinal logs. The width of the piece of material should be slightly less than the width of the balcony (by 5-10 mm).

Laying DSP boards

Step 5 The plates are fastened with self-tapping screws on the logs. The gaps between the DSP boards are sealed with adhesive.

Fixing plates with self-tapping screws

Video - Laying tiles on the DSP

DSP in the process of creating the foundation

Cement- and chip-based slabs can be used to create formwork that aids in pouring foundations. The thickness of the material depends on the required dimensions of the foundation and ranges from 16 to 26 mm.

Strengths of CSP formwork.

Simplicity in the installation of plates by an order of magnitude reduces labor costs and reduces the time of work, thus reducing the cost of the process of pouring the foundation. A special paint can be applied to the outside, after which it will acquire the properties of vertical waterproofing. Due to the high strength of the plates, the formwork is resistant to deformation during pouring and drying of the concrete solution.

The versatility of DSP allows the use of this material in the construction of frame-based housing, for leveling floor and wall coverings, as well as during the installation of soft roofs in buildings of any type. CSP floor slab gets good reviews from builders all over the world due to its high quality material and excellent performance.

Cement particle board floor application

The main advantages of CSP are high strength and durability.

The use of building materials consists in laying finished panels on various types of bases:

  • a flat surface of a wooden or cement floor;
  • wooden logs installed at regular intervals.

Ceramic tiles can be glued to the surface of the plates, flooring can be laid, as well as laminate or parquet. The properties of the material are preserved for decades, subject to the installation technology.

Scope of application of DSP boards

As mentioned above, DSP boards, the use of which ensures high mechanical strength of the created structures, are widely used in construction, repair and finishing works, in particular:

  • When making formwork foundations and other monolithic reinforced structures. The use of DSP greatly simplifies the installation process, in addition, this design prevents concrete leakage and ensures the formation of smooth side walls that do not require subsequent plastering.
  • For wall cladding and construction . In most cases, DSP sheets are attached to a pre-assembled metal or wooden frame. The thickness of the sheets in this case is from 8 to 12 mm. For fastening, self-tapping screws are most often used, it is also possible to use screws or nails as fasteners. In some cases, when leveling walls, special adhesive polymer mixtures can be used.
  • The use of DSP floor slabs provides high mechanical strength, as well as high rates of heat, hydro and sound insulation. The thickness of the material is selected based on the existing loads and the distance between the lags, however, the use of DSP boards with a thickness of less than 14 mm is not recommended.
  • Application for facade at home allows not only to significantly reduce the time for exterior finishing work, but also provides high-quality waterproofing of the main walls. Another advantage is that when using DSP, the characteristics of the material allow you to create various types of ventilated facades. As for the thickness of the sheet, for outdoor work it can vary from 12 to 14 mm.

Plate production

The production of DSP consists of the following steps:

  1. Aluminum, liquid glass, various salts are part of aqueous solutions that are loaded into special mixers.
  2. Mineralization of raw materials occurs with the gradual introduction of wood shavings into these solutions, consisting of different-sized fractional inclusions.
  3. Then cement and a little water are introduced into the composition.
  4. The mass is thoroughly mixed to obtain a homogeneous consistency, sent under a powerful press.
  5. The output is thin, but strong, with a smooth surface product.

The smooth surface of the plate is obtained due to the special distribution of chips in its structure - larger fragments are inside the product, and small ones are on the surface. In the production of DSPs, there are no voids in them. Another advantage is that the product is not subject to additional leveling, but can be immediately used for the manufacture of a subfloor and serve as a high-quality, even base for laminate, tile and other types of topcoat.

DSP production technology

From the name itself, it becomes clear that the main components of this material are cement (65%) and wood chips (24%). All this is mixed with water (8.5%), and various additives are added to the resulting mixture to improve the technical characteristics of the plate (2.5%).

Two types of chip material are used in the production process of DSP boards. They differ in size: small and medium. The plate itself has a three-layer structure, so medium-sized chips are poured into the second layer, and small chips into the first and third. The production process itself takes place in the following sequence.

  • Chips are mixed with hydration additives.
  • Cement grade M500 is added to the resulting mixture.
  • Water pours in.
  • The solution is thoroughly mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained.
  • The first layer with small chips is poured into the mold.
  • The second layer with medium-sized chips.
  • And the third layer.
  • Pressing is in progress.
  • After that, the semi-finished material is heated to +90C for eight hours.
  • Then, within 13-15 days, it dries in natural conditions.
  • After that, depending on the batch, it is either polished or simply stored.

Cement particle board applications in construction

DSP is a cement-bonded particle board, and the name fully reflects the composition of this material. DSPs are made from a mixture, the components of which are wood chips and cement compositions.

What is DSP and OSB? What is the difference?

The composition of the building material includes:

  • wood chips with fractions of various sizes - 24%;
  • water - 8.5%;
  • special additives - 2.5%;
  • Portland cement - 65%.

DSP boards for outdoor use

The production process is quite simple - DSP is done as follows.

  1. Special water solutions are loaded into special mixers, which include various salts, liquid glass and aluminum.
  2. Further, wood shavings with fractions of different sizes are gradually added to these solutions - mineralization of raw materials occurs.
  3. Cement is added to the resulting composition and a little more water is added.
  4. The mass is subjected to thorough mixing until a homogeneous mass and then goes under a powerful press.

GOST 26816-86. Cement particle boards. Specifications. Download file (click on the link to open the PDF file in a new window).

GOST 26816-86

The result of this production chain is the finished cement particle board, which is quite thin and has a smooth surface. A large amount of cement in the composition allows you to create a fairly durable material. By the way, inside the plate, the chips have b about Larger dimensions than outside, due to which the smoothness of the surface of the finished material is achieved. DSP does not need to be further leveled after laying, making the material excellent for creating a rough floor covering for laminate, tile and other types of finishes. Also, voids are not formed inside the DSP during production.

Cement particle board production

On a note! Wood shavings are also used as a raw material in the production of chipboard, fiberboard and OSB boards. The technologies for the production of these materials are somewhat similar to the technology for producing CSP boards.

Comparative table of performance characteristics of wood-based materials

DSP boards are widely used in construction. They can be used to decorate the facade walls of houses, they are used to create various partitions inside the premises. The material is suitable for use in restoration purposes and for interior finishing work. At the same time, it is suitable for apartments and private houses.

DSPs are used in construction for many purposes.

DSP plate is distinguished by high environmental friendliness, as it is created from natural materials and practically does not contain additional chemical ingredients. That is why the stove is recommended for use both in residential premises and in production.

Cement particle board (DSP)

The use of cement particle board is an opportunity to abandon the laborious pouring of a cement screed to create a base. Building material allows you to reduce labor costs and spend less money from the budget planned for leveling the floors for laying the finish coating.

Installation of a DSP plate for ceramic tiles

Processing rules for sawing and drilling DSP boards

Like it or not, CSP is a concrete stone filled with shavings (wood filler). Therefore, when the question is raised, how to process this type of material, one cannot mention a hand tool. Cutting and drilling can only be carried out with an electric tool.

At the same time, it is better not to use a jigsaw, although some craftsmen manage to cut plates of small thickness with such a tool. You just have to change the file often - every 5-7 m. Therefore, the optimal solution is a disc cutting tool.

The easiest way to cut DSP is with a circular saw with a diamond blade.

As for the disk, there are two options:

  1. Diamond coated disc with cut out segments. This disc is used for dry cutting. Here you can use discs for cutting stone, concrete or brick - they all work.
  2. Pobedite-coated discs for cutting wood. DSP is not the most durable material in terms of comparison with stone, so such a tool will cope with it.

As for power tools, most often craftsmen use a grinder or a circular saw (parquet).

Attention! It is easier to cut slabs with a DSP circular saw because the power tool has a support bar. It is she who allows you to clearly orient the disk in a perpendicular plane to the sheet, and as the final result - an even cut of the material

DSP slabs can be cut with a grinder with a cutting diamond disc installed on it

As for drilling holes in slabs, either metal drills or drills are used for this.

Types and characteristics

There are 3 types of DSP:

  • fibrolite- heat-insulating material based on long-fiber shavings (“wood wool”). Soft, easy to process, resistant to biological factors;
  • wood concrete- made from sawdust and small chips. It has a wide range of applications (thermal insulation, decoration, material for wall partitions, etc.);
  • xylolite(slab and cast). It has high strength, thermal insulation qualities and a wide range of colors, it is used as a floor covering.


Due to their water absorption, the plates increase in size, so a gap is required when installing between them.

Kinds

There are three types of DSPs. Studies of the material showed with accuracy that each of them does not lose its valuable properties even in the process of multiple cycles of a significant increase in temperature and subsequent defrosting.

Resistance to fire and especially humid environment, negative biological factors was also confirmed. But each type of plate has its own characteristics, consisting in the method of production, the difference in raw materials, the characteristics of the finished product and the scope. Among the types you can specify.

1. Fiber mat. Its basis is the so-called wood wool, which is a long-fiber shaving. The composition also includes inorganic binders.

Wood tapes obtained on special machines are impregnated with solutions of calcium chloride and liquid glass. Raw materials pressed in molds are subsequently dried. The thickness of such plates can reach 150 mm, but there are a number of much thinner parameters.

These building elements, characterized by considerable strength, are excellent for thermal insulation. Similar material is also used as acoustic.

It is easy to process and soft, because of this, it is in demand for multifaceted repairs, as well as works on the reconstruction of various structures. During construction operations with plates, due to their low weight, lifting equipment is not required; therefore, their use is very economical.

2. Arbolit. It is classified as lightweight concrete and contains small shavings, sawdust, reeds or rice straw. The most high-quality plates of this variety are made from wood chips.

If the basis of the composition is wood shavings, then the material is usually called wood concrete, if sawdust - sawdust concrete. The two types mentioned have somewhat reduced performance compared to the first one mentioned above.

They are heavier, denser and subject to unpleasant deformations, but also cost somewhat less. The scope of arbolite is quite wide. But basically it is in demand as a material for low-rise private construction, it is especially popular in the manufacture of wall partitions, as well as for decoration and thermal insulation.

3. Xylolite is most commonly known in the application as a coating DSP for floor. Plates, similar to those previously described, are made from wood waste, differing from other types in production technology. On sale, the presented assortment pleases with a variety of colors.

The material is distinguished by excellent thermal insulation qualities and increased strength. It does not burn in an open fire, but only gradually chars; even when boiling, it does not soak in water and is slightly thermally conductive; has an enviable elasticity and is hard as a stone, but at the same time it is easily processed like a tree: it is drilled, planed and sawn. In application, in addition to the above, it is excellent as a sheathing for stone, covering stairs, window sills, roofs.

An important characteristic is the weight of the DSP board. Such indicators are simply necessary to know during construction and other works.

The specified data is very useful in the transportation of goods and at the time of installation work. The mass of one module directly depends on the thickness and, knowing this indicator, it is easy to calculate it. After all, for every 10 mm there is a tiled weight of approximately 54 kg.

Installation work than sawing DSP

You should not try to cut the DSP with a hacksaw - this is a thankless task, the process is long, and the result leaves much to be desired. You can use a jigsaw or grinder.

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