Concrete pump parameters. Operational characteristics of concrete pumps: concept and application. Technical characteristics of mini-special equipment

The concrete pump supplies ready-mixed concrete in horizontal and vertical directions to the placement site using a distribution boom 4 with a concrete pipeline 9 or an inventory concrete pipeline. The distribution boom consists of three articulated sections, the movement of which is controlled by vertical plane communicated by double-acting hydraulic cylinders 5, 7 and 11. The boom is mounted on a rotating column 3, resting on the frame 15 of the chassis 1 through a slewing support device 2, and is rotated 360° in plan by hydraulic rotating mechanism and has a radius of action of up to 19 m. A hydraulic tank 6 and a water tank 10 are also mounted on the chassis. The articulated sectional concrete pipe 9 attached to the boom ends flexible hose 3. The concrete mixture is fed into the receiving funnel 14 of the concrete pump 8 from a concrete mixer truck or concrete truck. During operation, the truck-mounted concrete pump rests on remote hydraulic supports 16. Truck-mounted concrete pumps have a portable remote control for boom movements, concrete mix consumption, and turning the concrete pump on and off, which allows the driver to be close to the place where the mixture is laid.

Operating principle of a concrete pump:

Range, height and depth of delivery

From the tray of a concrete mixer (concrete mixer, mixer), concrete or solution is gradually unloaded into the receiving hopper of a concrete pump. The pumping unit begins pumping the mixture through a concrete boom directly to the unloading point up to 70 m in height and up to 200 m in length. Concrete and mortar can be supplied not only along the boom of a concrete pump, but also extended with additional concrete pipes, the so-called route.
The route is assembled on site from separate metal pipes, connected by special clamps. At the end of this route, a rubber trunk is put on to distribute the concrete over the formwork. The length of the trunk is 4 meters. You can use two trunks to increase the maneuverability of concreting.
If necessary, the route to the concrete pump can be connected without using a boom. Concrete pipes simply attach directly to pumping unit.
Application in the construction of buildings and structures from monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete, construction of bridges, tunnels, etc.

Main characteristics

— The design of the concrete pump is designed for installation on a three-axle chassis;
— Front outriggers with “X”-shaped extension for quick installation and ease of opening the boom in cramped conditions;
— Independent frame with protection against torsional deformation;
— Outriggers with hydraulic drive on both sides of the machine;
— Four or five section distribution boom with a diameter of 125 mm. with unwinding opening kinematics;
— Proportional control boom opening allows the operator to independently control the opening of sections;
— Concrete supply regulator;
— Quiet operation truck-mounted concrete pump with high performance: smooth, continuous flow of concrete;
Safety device on the opening inspection hatch.
— The productivity of the concrete pump is from 90 to 163 m3/h.

Standard Equipment

— Proportional radio control of the boom (two speeds) via a radio remote control with a frequency synthesizer, 8-position key and concrete supply regulator;
— Backup remote control with 30 m cable;
— Remotely controlled vibrator on the receiving hopper grid;
— Central lubrication unit pump unit;
— Additional manual system lubrication of the pump unit;
— Linings for outriggers made of heavy-duty plastic;
— Rear light on the receiving hopper;
— Accessories for flushing and cleaning the system.

Specifications

Options	Model
	ABN 65/21 (58150V)	ABN 75/32 (581532)	ABN 75/33
Maximum technical productivity at the outlet of the concrete spreader, m 3 /h	65	75	75
Maximum feed height concrete mixture concrete distribution boom from ground level, m	21	32	33
type of drive	Hydraulic
Installed power, kW, no more	95	125	125
Internal diameter of concrete pipeline, mm	125	125	125
Loading height, mm	1450	1400	1450
Angle of rotation of the concrete distribution boom, degrees:
in the vertical plane	90	90	100
in the horizontal plane	355	380	365
Loading hopper capacity, m 3	0,6	0,7	0,7
The maximum pressure on the concrete mixture by the piston at the outlet switchgear, MPa	7	6,5	7,5
Maximum aggregate size, mm	50	50	50
Chassis type	KamAZ-53215	KamAZ-53229	KamAZ-53229
Overall dimensions, m	10.0×2.5×3.8	10.3×2.5×3.8	10.45×2.5×3.8
Weight technological equipment, kg	9500	15 000	16 700
Total weight of the concrete pump, kg, no more	16 500	24 000	24 000
including distributed to the front axle	4500	6000	6000
on the rear bogie axle	12 000	18 000	18 000

Optional equipment

— Pipeline of double thickness and high-strength steel;
— Central automatic boom lubrication system;
— Emergency hydraulic line maintenance kit;
- Water pump high pressure;
— Air compressor for cleaning the boom;
— Air duct on the boom;
— Protection of the receiving hopper.

Installation area dimensions

Truck-mounted concrete pump 24m platform 6 X 10 meters
Concrete pump 28m platform 6 X 10 meters
Truck-mounted concrete pump 32m platform 7 X 11 meters
Truck-mounted concrete pump 36m platform 8 X 11 meters
Truck-mounted concrete pump 40m platform 9 X 11 meters
Truck-mounted concrete pump 42m platform 10 X 11 meters
Truck-mounted concrete pump 46m platform 10 X 12 meters
Truck-mounted concrete pump 52m platform 12 X 15 meters
Truck-mounted concrete pump 62m platform 13 X 16 meters
Truck-mounted concrete pump 65m platform 13 X 16 meters

To ensure transportation of the finished concrete mixture over a long distance or in hard to reach places a concrete pump is used. We’ll talk about the features of choosing and operating a concrete pump further.

Operating principle and design of a concrete pump

The main function of a concrete pump is pumping concrete during the construction of residential and industrial facilities.

The concrete pump is characterized by the presence of:

• output part,
• mixers,
• loading hopper,
• oil tank,
• cooling system,
• main engine,
• water pump,
• tool box,
• nitrogen cylinder,
• pumping valve,
• electrical panel,
• casing,
• hydraulic system,
• oil filter,
• pressure gauge,
• lubrication systems,
• supports,
• wheels,
• chassis,
• sewer,
• tow hitch,
• supporting chassis.

The main parts of the concrete drainage device are:

• concrete pipe,
• concrete elbow,
• concrete castle with rubber seal,
• flushing device.

The main part of the concrete pump is the motor, which is powered by electricity or diesel fuel. The concrete pumping system operates in an open circuit, which is easily adjustable. The presence of additional functions, such as continuously variable hydraulic adjustment and adjustable fuel supply, helps the device perform better.

The main components of the concrete pump are two hydraulic cylinders and a water pump. Due to the presence of pistons connected to hydraulic cylinders, a reciprocating movement occurs, during which the first piston moves in one direction, and the second in the other.

A loading sector is connected to the outlet openings, into which the concrete mixture falls. With the help of two cylinders moving in different directions, the concrete mixture is pumped. The cylinders for transport purposes are connected to hydraulic ones, so the concrete mixture is very quickly sucked in and pumped.

In a concrete pump oil type adjustment of the concrete mix supply speed depends on the amount of oil entering the hydraulic cylinder. The distributors in such a device are pipes installed in a rotary direction. To ensure uninterrupted pumping of the mixture, you need to use pipes three times larger than the concrete size.

For industrial or residential construction, concrete is used, which has a particle size of two to four centimeters, in which case the diameter of the pipes will be from 6 to 12 cm.

The concrete mixture that enters the concrete pump undergoes a special study in laboratory conditions, where such a composition is selected so that the concrete can be conveniently and easily pumped. It is recommended to use cement or other plasticizer-based additives.

Scope of use and advantages of concrete pump

A concrete pump is used to supply concrete to hard-to-reach places. During construction multi-storey buildings or large industrial enterprises, moving concrete using a concrete pump is much easier and faster.

Scope of use of the concrete pump:

1. When constructing bridges and overpasses, this device helps to quickly deliver the concrete mixture, preventing it from thickening.

2. During the construction of railway or water structures This device is also used.

3. During the construction of tunnel or port connections, a concrete pump is an indispensable means of transferring concrete mixture to the site.

4. In any construction where a lot of concrete is used, a concrete pump is required, since this unit does not require spending time and physical resources on transporting concrete.

Advantages of using a concrete pump:

1. A concrete pump helps to quickly and efficiently construct buildings and save time and money.

2. Smooth supply of concrete mixture prevents its leakage during transportation.

3. The concrete pump is a fairly wear-resistant equipment, and in addition, it is easy to operate.

4. Concrete pumps are capable of delivering the mixture both vertically and horizontally.

5. Some models are characterized by the presence of a remote control, with which it is possible to supply concrete over a long distance exceeding 25 meters.

6. The presence of wheels allows you to quickly move the device and does not require a large number of people to transport it. One person is enough to operate the concrete pump.

7. Concrete pumps are different high level productivity, and perform a given job several tens of times faster than a human.

8. The maximum length of concrete mix supply is 300 meters, and the height is 80 m. During the construction of multi-story buildings, this is a necessary unit.

Types of concrete pumps

Depending on the type of movement, there are:

• stationary concrete pump,
• automobile concrete pump,
• mobile concrete pump,
• mini concrete pump.

A stationary type concrete pump looks like a trailer with a pump installed on it. Its transportation is carried out using a tractor.

Advantages:

• pumping large quantities of concrete,
• availability of both vertical and horizontal feeding,
• lower cost,
• presence of a highway.

Scope of use:

• construction of tall buildings,
• multi-storey buildings.

Flaws:

• lack of quick transportation of the pump,
• poor performance of maneuvers,
• Mandatory presence of a manipulator.

A truck-mounted concrete pump is used while delivering concrete to a hard to reach areas construction. It looks like a car on which a pumping station with concrete pipes is installed. The main components of this device are a concrete bunker and a boom. The boom has the appearance of a pipe with several movable elbows. The boom length of an automobile concrete pump ranges from 20 to 60 meters. This main criterion the cost of this device. A container for immersing concrete acts as a bunker. From the bunker, by pumping liquid, concrete enters the pipe system. The end of the boom has a flexible sleeve that controls the delivery of concrete to a specific location. To start a concrete pump of this type, cement laitance or a chemical solution is first poured into it. To work on this device two people are required, one monitors the control and coordination of the boom, and the second is engaged in direct construction work.

Advantages:

• high level of productivity, more than 90 m³ per hour;
• does not require special transport for movement;
• easy maneuverability.

Flaws:

• high price,
• lower length and height of concrete supply.

Mobile concrete pumps require additional technical equipment to move them. They are installed on a chassis and thus move around the construction site.

Mini concrete pumps are used during construction to supply concrete in small quantities. This unit is used both during large-scale construction and during the construction of medium or small objects.

Thanks to its compactness, the mini concrete pump can easily move around the construction site and deliver concrete solution to the most inaccessible places.

Peculiarities:

• feed length up to 150 m, and height up to 50 m;
• devices operating both on mains power and on diesel fuel;
• autonomy of movement.

Depending on the type of concrete supply, the following devices are distinguished:

• vacuum type,
• piston type,
• curtain type,
• gate type,
• S-shaped,
• C-shaped.

A vacuum type concrete pump supplies fuel by accumulating vacuum in the receiving part. The piston system involves pressing concrete using several pistons.

Curtain-type devices have a feed mechanism that is separated from the entire device by curtains. Vane concrete pumps have a vane assembly that separates the device from the feed mechanism.

1. To buy a concrete pump, go to a specialized store, where experienced consultants will help you choose a device based on the construction features.

2. In the process of choosing a concrete pump, the first step is to determine its functional load. You should know exactly how much concrete needs to be pumped and on what size objects it will be used.

3. If you only need to use a concrete pump once or twice, compare the price of renting and buying it, and decide for yourself which option to choose.

4. Pay attention to the power and performance characteristics of the device.

5. The parameters of the length and height of the feed are also selected individually.

6. Between a stationary and automobile concrete pump, it is better to give preference to the second type, although it costs more, but over time these costs will pay off, since for stationary device it is necessary to hire equipment to transport it.

7. The price for a concrete pump is determined by the following factors:

• concrete pump type,
• device power,
• performance,
• feed height and length,
• company manufacturer.

Concrete pumps characteristics and overview of manufacturers

1. Concrete pump Putzmeister (Germany) - characterized by the following features:

• fast and efficient transportation,
• high feed speed,
• good performance,
• allow you to quickly build bridges, high rise buildings, tunnel structures,
• a large number of innovative technologies release devices with remote control who work quickly and efficiently,
• able to work in the harshest weather conditions,
• easy to clean and unpretentious to use.

2. Cifa concrete pump (Italy) - characterized by the following characteristics:

• about ten models that meet everyone modern technologies construction;
• complete set using high-performance units;
• The Z-shaped design of the booms allows you to easily and efficiently deliver concrete over long distances;
• concrete pumps easily penetrate the most inaccessible places;
• the design allows for significant fuel savings during operation;
• acceleration of the pace of construction several times;
• the bunker helps improve the quality of the concrete mixture;
• high pressure allows concrete to be delivered faster;
• Compact installation does not take up much space on the construction site;
• Possibility of choosing an electric or diesel engine.

3. Sany concrete pump made in China has the following features:

• the presence of a liquid crystal indicator and text display,
• ease of control,
• presence of two operating modes: high-speed and low-speed,
• patented concrete bunker manufacturing technology,
• There is practically no accumulation of solution in the corners of the hopper,
• presence of a remote control,
• low noise performance,
• reducing the amount of exhaust gases in devices running on a diesel engine,
• the engine can start easily even at low temperatures,
• low fuel consumption,
• ease of use,
• durability of work,
• the ability to adjust the concrete supply speed allows you to use the concrete pump at various construction sites,
• The presence of a hydraulic circuit makes it easy to transport the device.

1. Before starting to use the concrete pump, it is recommended to test the structure of the concrete pump itself and the complete set of the concrete pipeline for test hydraulic pressure, which will help determine the operability and set up the device. The recommended pressure value is indicated in the technical specifications of the device.

2. To flush the concrete system, use a water pump. The receiving hopper controls the size of the initial mixture particles entering the concrete pipeline device, and thus prevents its clogging.

2. To select the correct mixture composition, you should test the device for pumping compositions of different densities. Due to the presence of a special tank for concrete, it is continuously pumped. Installation of a centrifugal water pump is required to pump out excess water after washing the concrete pump.

3. The concrete pump route is installed in such a way that the shortest distance and the minimum number of bends are obtained. The horizontal part of the concrete pump is mounted on supports or pads, and the vertical parts are located on masts, trusses or formwork. Concrete pipes cannot be installed at right angles, and if vertical sections appear, they should be replaced with inclined ones.

4. If the appearance of a vertical section could not be avoided, then its location should not be closer than eight meters to the concrete pump; in addition, the additional installation of a needle valve is required, which will prevent the occurrence of reverse flow of concrete during stopping, changing or cleaning the device.

5. Before serving concrete mortar should be initially skipped through the concrete pipeline mortar or a mixture of cement and sand, diluted one to two to moisten inner part concrete pipeline and form a lubricating layer on it.

6. Several trays or vibrating chutes are used to distribute the concrete mixture. If the concrete mixture contains low-density aggregate, then booms should be used as distributors.

7. It is forbidden to take long breaks while pouring concrete. If there is a break of up to one hour, then the concrete mixture should be pumped every ten minutes at minimum speed.

8. The main reason that indicates improper operation concrete pump is the appearance of blockage of concrete pipes. This process occurs due to long delay concrete in a concrete pump, during the process of delamination or partial setting of the mixture, which is prepared without compliance correct proportions or due to increased density of concrete, which was susceptible to prolonged vibration.

9. If the appearance of a traffic jam cannot be avoided, do not start the device in operating mode, as this will lead to its breakdown. First you need to find the place where the plug is located; if it has formed in the concrete pipe, then you need to start the concrete pump at a minimum number of revolutions. To clean the concrete pump, use the baths or wads that should be installed in it.

10. If the concrete pump is used in winter, then the concrete mixture that enters it must be heated to a temperature of 25-30 degrees. Before starting work, it is recommended to insulate the concrete pipes and warm up the concrete pump using steam; condensate should be discharged outside.

For the construction of a small facility, it is not always rational to use large-sized special equipment. Great solution The task at hand will be the use of mini concrete pump technology, which has similar parameters to the performance characteristics of large specialized equipment for construction. The small-sized concrete pump has proven itself in monolithic construction, where a prompt solution for pouring foundations and other load-bearing structures buildings.

Why choose mini equipment?

Buying a large stationary or mobile concrete pump does not always pay off. Expensive equipment can take months or years to pay for itself, while you need to solve production problems. A mini concrete pump can be rented, and if funds allow, purchased on lease or through another credit program. In the construction segment, there are universal tasks where it is necessary to fill structures without the use of large equipment, and at the same time it is irrational to use homemade concrete pumps. The low price of special equipment with a full daily load will allow you to pay for yourself in about 6-8 months, and renting a mini concrete pump can “recoup” the investment even faster, but again, subject to a full daily load.

The market for small concrete pumps is quite extensive, there are Russian developments, but recently they can be seen on construction sites mini-equipment made in Japan, China, USA, South Korea, as well as a number of industrialized countries. For low-rise construction, where there is average level operating cycle, only the mini stationary concrete pump is the best solution organizing the work cycle process at the production site.

Technical characteristics of mini-special equipment

To properly organize the work cycle of a job where pouring concrete mixture is required, try renting a miniature concrete pump. Approximate technical characteristics of special equipment include:

• The maximum supply size of a hose with mortar is 150 meters.
• Maximum level supplying the solution to a height of 50 meters.
• Basic installation - electric or diesel engine general principle actions.
• Fully autonomous mode of movement.

Options for small concrete pumps

Before you learn correctly how to choose a concrete pump for construction work, we suggest you familiarize yourself with the groups of special equipment. There are two types of specialized equipment on the market, which are represented by the following categories.

• Piston type. The most popular version of the concrete pump group, which is used not only in the post-Soviet space, but also in highly developed countries. Thanks to the universal principle of the piston group, it is possible to organize a continuous cycle of supplying concrete mixture to the production site. The maximum level of performance of a concrete pump m 3 depends on the technological chain of organizing the supply of solution by piston group machines. Installation of piston category equipment occurs on a mobile chassis or on self-propelled equipment.
• Rotor system. This type of mini concrete pump is also used in a number of technological processes. Due to the presence of a sleeve with rollers, direct ejection of the solution in portioned parts is ensured. The delivery system bypasses the concrete pipe and goes directly into the hose. The productivity of such equipment is 2-3 times less than in a piston group, but is effective for highly specialized work of supplying concrete mixture to a construction site.

“The overall dimensions of a miniature concrete pump allow the installation of a bunker for receiving and processing concrete mixture.”

Along with this in technological process it is necessary to fulfill strict time requirements for processing the mixture, which should not exceed 20 minutes, otherwise this will lead to failure of the main process equipment. Exceeding the processing time of concrete can cause premature wear of special equipment, therefore, upon completion of work, it is recommended to thoroughly rinse all components of special equipment with a strong stream of water or other technological liquid intended for cleaning the concrete pump.

Features of the selection of small-sized concrete pumps

Considering the high popularity of purchasing and renting small-sized concrete pumps, we note the main technical and functional advantages.

• Mobility. The equipment is capable of maneuvering through difficult streets and roads of a large metropolis, where the quality of concrete comes first, and, therefore, prompt delivery of the concrete pump to the site is guaranteed by the acceptable dimensions of the special equipment.
• Compactness. Given the limited space production site, the mini concrete pump is the right decision For construction process. For example, in order for Kamaz to turn around completely, it is necessary to ensure free space 10*12 meters, for a miniature concrete pump, this space is 5*6 meters, that is, if you carry out construction processes inside a workshop, then a small-sized concrete pump can easily be deployed at your production site.
• Financial benefit. For large-sized equipment, it is necessary to attract a sufficient number of auxiliary forces, on average up to 5-6 people. Mini concrete pumping equipment requires the use of 1 driver and a maximum of 2 auxiliary workers. The financial component is quite impressive.
• Multifunctionality. Using a concrete pump is not only about supplying concrete mixture. Some models of special equipment are equipped with a mixer, which allows you to mix concrete if it is not possible to invest in the time frame for pouring the solution during the production cycle.
• Performance. Despite its very miniature size, the special equipment has sufficient productivity. The maximum volume of concrete processing, depending on the machine model, is 70-170 m 3 . The maximum height of hose supply and equipment operation is up to 25 meters; some models of special equipment will allow you to lift the solution to a height of 50 meters vertically and about 160 meters horizontally.

Popular brands of mini concrete pumps

Additional information about special equipment

Considering that many equipment manufacturers have provided additional options machine control, it is necessary to carefully study the possibilities of using auxiliary technological equipment for supplying concrete mixture. The main weight of the installation equipment is about 1 ton, so it is possible to transport special equipment by light-duty transport if there is no mobile-type mobile scheme. Upon completion of work with concrete, it is necessary to thoroughly wash all units and components of special equipment to prevent the formation of concrete build-up after the mass has hardened.

To ensure the movement of the prepared concrete solution to the place of its use, a concrete pump is used. Its main function, therefore, is to simply pump or, in other words, transport concrete during the construction of projects, both residential and industrial purposes. With the help of concrete pumps, work associated with pouring concrete mixture during the construction of large concrete and iron structures is facilitated and accelerated. concrete structures modern infrastructure.

Concrete pumps usually include:

A) output part;

B) loading hopper;

B) main engine;

D) electrical panel;

D) stirrer;

E) oil tank;

G) cooling system;

H) water pump;

I) hydraulic system;

K) pumping valve;

L) nitrogen cylinder;

M) tool storage box;

N) pressure gauge;

O) oil filter;

P) lubrication system;

T) wheels;

F) electrical panel;

X) nameplate;

C) tow hitch.

The concrete pump engine can be either electric or diesel. Since the concrete mixture pumping scheme is an open circuit, it is easy to regulate. And the presence of a continuously variable hydraulic adjustment system and the ability to change the amount of fuel supplied provides more quality work unit.

The main components of a concrete pump are a water pump, as well as two hydraulic cylinders to which pistons are connected, moving back and forth in opposite directions.

The outlet openings are connected to the loading sector designed to receive concrete mixture. Since the transport cylinders are connected to hydraulic cylinders, the concrete mixture is quickly sucked in and pumped out.

The concrete mixture with which the concrete pump operates must go through a preliminary stage laboratory research so that it is possible to determine the composition of concrete, ensuring its easy and fast pumping.

Areas of application for concrete pumps

1. During the construction of railway facilities and water structures, the use of concrete pumps significantly speeds up the work.
2. During the construction of overpasses and bridges using this device, due to the rapid delivery of the concrete solution to the laying site, its premature thickening does not occur.
3. In the process of constructing tunnels and port connections, the use of concrete pumps is practically no alternative way of supplying concrete solution to the required volume for a facility under construction.
4. The organization of any construction that uses large volumes of concrete is unthinkable without the use of a concrete pump, which significantly reduces the time for transporting the concrete mixture, as well as the physical and financial resources associated with this technological operation.

Advantages of using concrete pumps

1. Smooth and continuous flow of concrete mixture without leakage during transportation.
2. The use of a concrete pump speeds up the construction of any concrete structures, while simultaneously providing savings in both finances and time.
3. Concrete mixture can be supplied by such equipment not only horizontally, but also at an angle to the horizontal, and even vertically.
4. Concrete pumps are fairly wear-resistant and easy to maintain devices.
5. The presence of wheels on this equipment allows it to be moved over short distances without involving a large number of workers.
6. The concrete pump can be controlled by just one person, and some models of these devices have remote control.
7. The greatest distance over which the concrete mixture can be supplied is 300 m, and maximum height feed - 80 m.
8. Concrete pumps are high-performance units that carry out the work of delivering concrete solution tens of times faster than a person.

Classification of concrete pumps

Depending on the method of transportation, concrete pumps can be:

A) stationary;

B) automobile;

B) mobile;

D) mini concrete pumps.

Such construction equipment is a trailer with a pumping station installed on it, which is transported by a tractor. Have you decided on this type of concrete pump? We recommend renting! Read more about renting a stationary concrete pump at https://beton-monolit.ru/arenda-betononasosa/. For any period of time and throughout the Moscow region.

Advantages:

A stationary concrete pump can pump a very large amount of solution;

It is possible to supply this solution both vertically upward and horizontally;

Low cost;

Availability of a highway.

Application area:

Construction of multi-storey buildings, buildings;

Construction of high-rise buildings.

Flaws:

There is no possibility of quickly transporting such a concrete pump;

A manipulator is required;

Poor maneuverability.

Thanks to high mobility such equipment, it is often used to transport concrete solution to remote construction sites. It is an ordinary car with a securely fixed pumping station, to which the concrete pipes are connected. The main components of this construction equipment- a bunker for receiving concrete, as well as a boom.

Structurally, the boom is made in the form steel pipe, having several movable elements called knees. The length to which the boom of such a concrete pump can extend is usually in the range of 20...60 meters. The end part of the boom is connected to a flexible sleeve, which ensures that the concrete is directed to a given location. Before starting any automobile concrete pump, a certain amount of cement laitance or a special chemical solution must be poured into it.

When operating such a device, two people are involved: one operates the boom and the unit as a whole, while the second directly performs concrete construction work.

Advantages:

High productivity (usually exceeding 90 cubic meters at one o'clock);

No separate allocation required vehicle to move such a concrete pump;

High maneuverability.

Flaws:

Significant cost;

Compared to the previously described type of concrete pump, the length is shorter, as well as the height of the mortar supply.

Mobile concrete pumps

To move such units, additional equipment is required. They are concrete pumps mounted on a chassis that facilitates the transportation of these devices.

Mini concrete pumps

They are used in cases where some construction work requires the supply of a relatively small amount of concrete solution. This device is used both in large-scale construction and in the construction of medium and small facilities.

Due to the rather small size of such concrete pumps, they are easy to move within a small construction site, promptly ensuring the delivery of concrete solution to where it is urgently needed.

Main technical characteristics:

A) maximum length feed - 150 meters;

B) the maximum lifting height of the solution is 50 meters;

B) devices can be equipped with either electric motors or diesel engines;

D) autonomy of movement is ensured.

Nowadays, automation of the construction process is increasingly being introduced into construction industry, which allows you to reduce the cost of the facility being built, increase the speed of construction and make the work of builders easier.

One of the construction automation processes is usage concrete pumps, photo 1.

Photo 1. Concrete pumps on a car chassis

A concrete pump is a set of equipment that is installed on a chassis truck And consists of the following main parts:

• built-in folding concrete pipeline in the form of an arrow (boom-concrete pipeline). The length of the concrete pipeline in working position can be 22…64 m, photo 2;
• rubberized hose (“trunk”, usually about 4 m long);
• mixer;
• loading hopper;
• concrete elbow (there are 3...7 pieces);
• hydraulic cylinder (usually 2 pcs);
• water pump;
• concrete castle with rubber seal;
• flushing device.

Photo 2. Concrete pump-boom concrete pump in working position

There are truck-mounted concrete pumps with the following boom reach: 22 m; 32 m; 36 m; 42 m; 46 m; 52 m; 53 m; 57 m.

Depending on the type of supply, concrete pumps are divided into:

• vacuum (concrete is supplied by creating a vacuum in the system);
• piston (concrete is supplied due to the movement of pistons);
• curtain (presence of curtains);
• gate (presence of gates).

The shape of the concrete pipeline is:

• S-shaped concrete pumps;
• C-shaped concrete pumps.

There are concrete pumps different types depending on size and method of transportation:

• stationary (has wheels for movement and is made in the form of a trailer);
• automobile (based on a truck);
• mini concrete pump (used for small volumes of concrete or small supply), photo 3.

Photo. 3. Types of concrete pumps: a) stationary; b) mini concrete pumps

On photo 4 high performance concrete pumps and long length arrow departure.

Photo 4. Concrete pumps maximum power and a long boom reach. Installation of concrete pumps manufactured by Putzmeister M70-5 (Germany) and CIFA K80H Carbotech on cars of the brands Kenworth C 500B, Mercedes, Man

An automobile concrete pump has a number of advantages, such as mobility and the possibility of more convenient maintenance of the entire machine as a whole. But, for example, a stationary one is cheaper in terms of rental and operating costs.

Conditions under which the concrete pump is used

1. The main purpose of a concrete pump is to pump concrete from concrete mixers () to the concreting object, which is located in a place that is difficult to access.
2. When using the appropriate concrete mixture. For normal operation concrete pump, use a concrete mixture with a maximum crushed stone size not exceeding 1/3 cross section concrete pipeline Typically, for concreting most construction projects using a concrete pump, a concrete mixture with a crushed stone size in the range of 20...60 mm is used, while the internal diameter of the concrete pipeline should be 60...120 mm.
3. If necessary, concrete building elements and structures at a significant height, more than 5 m.
4. If necessary, concrete the entire structure at once.
5. For large volumes of concreting, when it is necessary to concrete with high productivity and long time, with an opportunity 24/7 work concrete pump.
6. Characteristics of the concrete mixture for which a concrete pump can be used:

• mobility of concrete mixture P4, P5 (cone slump 16...21 cm);
• W/C (water-cement ratio) not more than 0.75;
• strength grade is not less than B12.5 (M150), for some pumps - not less than B22.5 (M300).

Operating principle of a concrete pump

The principle of operation of the concrete pump is that the concrete mixture is supplied continuously from the concrete mixers at a certain speed into the concrete pump hopper. From the bunker, with the help of pumps, the concrete mixture enters the concrete pipeline, from where it goes to the direct concreting site.

Before operating the concrete pump, to create a thin lubricating layer that ensures easy pumping of concrete, you should pump a small amount of the following mixtures to choose from:

• mortar;
• cement-sand mortar in a ratio of 1:2 (C:P).

It is not permissible to take long breaks in the supply of concrete, more than 15...20 minutes. In the event of an emergency or forced stop of the concrete pump for more than 1 hour, if possible, you should pump a minimum amount of concrete at low speed every 10 minutes so that it does not set inside the concrete pipeline.

IN winter time The operating condition of the concrete pump is pumping the concrete mixture at a temperature not lower than 25...30°C, i.e. it needs to be preheated. During winter concreting, concrete pipes are additionally insulated.

Application of a route

In particular difficult conditions where the access to the facility is very far or high optional equipment– routes (set of concrete pipes). The route consists of a certain number of metal pipelines that are laid to the object along the shortest path with minimum quantity bends.

Concrete pipes cannot be installed at a right angle or strictly vertically; in extreme cases, with a short length of the concrete pipe, an arrangement at a right angle is allowed if this bend is located no closer than 8 m from the concrete pump itself and an additional installation of a needle valve is provided.

When choosing to rent a concrete pump, you should pay attention to its characteristics:

• type of concrete pump;
• power and performance of the concrete pump;
• concrete mix supply parameters (maximum length and height);
• concrete pump manufacturer.

Advantages of using concrete pumps

1. Possible direct access to the construction site in difficult conditions, when it is not possible for a concrete mixer truck to drive directly to the construction site.
2. Labor costs are reduced.
3. The loss of concrete during transportation to the formwork is reduced.
4. The speed of construction increases.
5. High durability of concrete pump equipment when used correctly.
6. The concrete pump equipment is easy to operate.
7. Possibility of supplying concrete in horizontal and vertical directions:

• horizontally – up to 300 m;
• vertically (height) – up to 80 m.

1. The mobility of the installation allows for maximum use of equipment in terms of time and speed of movement.
2. High productivity (up to 90 m³/h).
3. Convenient to use in monolithic construction of multi-story and massive buildings and structures.
4. Concrete pumps can be powered by an electric or diesel engine.

It is believed that the concrete pumps from the manufacturers listed below have more high quality and reliability:

• Putzmeister (Germany);
• Cifa (Italy);
• Sany (China).

Konev Alexander Anatolievich

Malyavin Anatoly Nikolaevich