Conducts training in safe work practices. Training in safe working methods. Types and procedure for conducting briefings. Organization of the occupational safety training process

On June 8, 2016, Rosstandart adopted GOST 12.0.004-2015 “System of Occupational Safety Standards (OSSS). Organization of occupational safety training. General provisions"(hereinafter - Standard; instead of GOST 12.0.004-90). Start of action - 03/01/2017. Let's consider its main provisions.

The standard is based on the basic provisions of GOST 12.0.004-90 and Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia and the Ministry of Education of Russia dated January 13, 2003 No. 1/29 (hereinafter referred to as Resolution No. 1/29).

The standard establishes the main types and forms of training and testing of knowledge on labor safety of persons engaged in work, applies to all legal and individuals related to work, as well as education of the younger generation.

New terms introduced by the Standard

The Standard introduces several new terms in the field of training for the first time, in particular “ occupational safety instructor" This is a person, as a rule, from among managers or specialists, who has undergone training in occupational safety (hereinafter - OSH), including the study of techniques and methods of instructing, training and testing knowledge, and is allowed, in the manner established by the employer, to train workers in OSH directly from the employer, including briefings, internships, training on individual courses and (or) issues, as well as knowledge testing.

Training organizer- an organization or individual entrepreneur that organizes and conducts training, including knowledge testing, of its employees as an employer; other workers, including contractor personnel, as the organizer of the production where they work.

Training- type of training established by national legislation within the framework of additional professional education, which does not change the level of education, aimed at obtaining new competence necessary for professional activity within the scope of existing qualifications.

Self-employed person- person, independently busy for the provision of services under civil contracts, including in the form of individual entrepreneurship.

Types and forms of occupational safety training

The standard defines the main types of occupational safety training:

• general training in the organization of safe and harmless working conditions, protection from hazards and risks, prevention of work-related injuries and diseases, first aid methods and social protection victims;
• teaching techniques safe behavior;
• training in safe methods of performing work and work operations;
• training in first aid techniques for victims;
• training in methods of managing safe work performance;
• training in methods of conducting effective instruction and training.

The document defines the main forms of occupational safety training:

• traditional classroom training (lectures, seminars, practical lessons, trainings, laboratory classes);
• “classroom” training using a computer training complex;
• distance learning;
• acquiring skills and developing sustainable techniques for the correct safe performance of labor operations on simulators and (or) educational places;
• acquiring skills and developing sustainable techniques for providing first aid to victims using simulators and (or) mannequins;
• briefing;
• internship;
• verification (and self-test) of acquired and residual knowledge, including testing using computer tools;
• testing (and self-testing) of acquired and remaining skills and abilities, including business games and/or using simulators and mannequins.

Groups of people who undergo occupational safety training

The main groups of people who undergo security training labor:

• managers of all levels and ranks involved in management, including safety and (or) occupational safety;
• specialists assisting managers of all levels and ranks involved in management, including safety and (or) occupational safety;
• persons involved in the management of labor protection on a voluntary basis in various commissions, committees, as well as representatives of employees;
• self-employed persons who organize the safe performance of work and the safety of their work independently;
• occupational safety specialists professionally engaged in occupational safety management and (or) occupational safety;
• persons who do not participate in management and are engaged in the simple process of labor, safely performing their labor functions.

The issues of teaching the younger generation occupational safety, behavior and study during the educational process and training sessions in secondary schools, preschool institutions, higher and secondary vocational educational institutions.

For workers related to the work for which they are required increased requirements occupational safety, conduct special occupational safety training taking into account these requirements. The training ends with a separate test of the acquired knowledge on occupational safety and work safety.

Employers—individual entrepreneurs who personally perform the duties of occupational safety specialists—should undergo vocational training by OT, giving the right to professional activity in the field of occupational safety and industrial safety.

For your information

Individuals, including individual entrepreneurs those providing occupational safety services must have the appropriate basic professional education and qualifications in the field of occupational safety, or industrial safety, or technospheric safety, or higher professional education in combination with professional retraining on occupational safety or safety of technological processes and production, giving the right to professional activity in the field of occupational safety and industrial safety.

Occupational safety training in training organizations

The standard defines the requirements for teaching staff training organizations. In particular, he must have qualifications no lower than those required by national legislation from occupational safety specialists, as well as experience in teaching (training, instructing) in occupational safety or practical work in the OT field for at least three years.

Types of briefings:

• Induction training.

If necessary, by decision of the head of the enterprise, induction training is also carried out for persons visiting the production divisions of the enterprise and (or) located in the territory and facilities controlled by the enterprise for other purposes.

Note!

Initial and refresher training is now defined as initial and refresher training.

• Initial training at the workplace.

It is clarified that initial training in the workplace is carried out by persons hired to perform short-term, seasonal and other temporary work, in their free time from their main job (part-time workers), as well as at home (homeworkers) using materials and tools (mechanisms) allocated by the employer or purchased at your own expense.

• Repeated training at the workplace.

The possibility of a longer period (up to one year) of conducting this type of instruction is excluded.

• Unscheduled briefing.

No significant changes have been made.

• Targeted instruction.

It is clarified that targeted instruction is carried out during mass events on the territory controlled by the training organizer and (or) with travel (exit) beyond its borders.

There was a requirement to conduct new magazine registration of target briefing, its form is given.

Important

All persons conducting any type of instruction must undergo training and testing of knowledge of safety and occupational safety requirements as occupational safety instructors.

• Internship.

This type of training is described in more detail than in the previous GOST. Let's highlight the main things:

1. The instructor or experienced worker conducting the internship must be trained as OT instructor.

2. Internship duration:

For blue-collar workers - from 3 to 19 work shifts;

For those without work experience and relevant qualifications - from one month to six months.

3. Internship period for managers and specialists— from two weeks to one month.

Check of knowledge

The procedure for conducting a knowledge test is described in more detail than in the previous GOST, with minor differences from Resolution No. 1/29.

Significant differences:

1. Composition of the commission (permanent commission) - at least five people, the presence of any three of which at the knowledge test is mandatory (clause 10.7).

Note!

There is a contradiction here with the next paragraph, which states that the presence of the chairman is mandatory (clause 10.8).

2. To conduct an independent knowledge test under the same conditions, a commission of a training organization is created.

3. All members of the commission must undergo training in occupational safety in training organizations and (or) testing of knowledge of occupational safety requirements in higher commissions as occupational safety instructors.

4. To conduct an independent knowledge test, the training organizer may involve third-party specialists and (or) training organizations that have the right to provide training in occupational safety and testing knowledge of occupational safety requirements.

Training in safe methods and techniques for performing work

It is determined that training is carried out under the guidance instructor industrial training , who has undergone appropriate OT training as an OT instructor and has extensive practical experience.

For your information

If the training organizer does not have the necessary educational and material base, it is allowed to conduct training at existing workplaces.

For blue-collar workers and junior service personnel, if there is insufficient training in the form of instructions for the safe performance of the work assigned to them, training is provided safe methods and methods of performing work.

Training in first aid techniques for victims

In each shift of workers in dangerous and (or) harmful working conditions, as well as in separate teams working away from points medical care There must be at least one such trained person.

Training in the form of a separate course with a final knowledge test

This type of training is intended for persons involved in the management of occupational safety and health. Training is carried out in the form of advanced training in vocational education institutions.

Workers in blue-collar professions whose working conditions or the nature of the work performed require special education on occupational safety and knowledge testing in the form of a separate course, undergo such training as needed at the discretion of their employer.

Organization of the occupational safety training process

Types of training specified:

• without interruption from work;
• with a partial break from work (no more than three days a week, no more than four hours a day);
• with a complete break from work.

Preparation of necessary documentation

There was a requirement for the form of a certificate to test knowledge of OT requirements, which was not in the previous GOST.

There is no fundamental difference between the form and content of the above certificate and the certificate defined by Resolution No. 1/29.

The certificate must now contain a numbering consisting of a series (three groups of characters) and a number (three groups of characters):

first group— two-letter short name of the country according to GOST 7.67-2003 in Latin letters;

second group- one character:

0 — for training organizers;

1 - for training organizations;

third group— TIN of the organization that issued the certificate, in national system identification.

The certificate number consists of:

first group— the last two digits of the year the certificate was issued;

second group— protocol number for testing knowledge of occupational safety requirements;

third group— number of the person being tested in the protocol for testing knowledge of OT requirements.

S. A. Talanov,
Leading specialist-methodologist of the consulting group "TERMIKA"

Organization and conduct of labor safety briefings

A. Induction training

According to Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to provide instructions on labor protection and internships in the workplace. The rules for conducting occupational safety briefings are defined in the Procedure for training in occupational safety and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements for employees of an organization, approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia and the Ministry of Education of Russia dated January 13, 2003 No. 1/29. All persons hired, as well as employees seconded to the organization and employees of third-party organizations performing work in a designated area, students educational institutions, passing industrial practice undergo induction training. It is carried out by a labor protection specialist or an employee who is assigned these responsibilities by order of the enterprise. Introductory training in occupational safety is carried out according to a program developed on the basis of legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation (in particular, GOST 12.0.004-90 (1999) “Organization of occupational safety training”), taking into account the specifics of the organization’s activities.

An approximate list of the main questions of induction training
(according to GOST 12.0.004-90 (1999):

1. General information about the enterprise, organization, characteristics production.
2. Basic provisions of labor protection legislation
2.1. Employment contract, work time and rest time, labor protection for women and persons under 18 years of age. Benefits and compensation.
2.2. Internal labor regulations of an enterprise, organization, responsibility for violating the rules.
2.3. Organization of labor protection work at the enterprise. Departmental, state supervision and public control over the state of labor protection.
3. General rules behavior of workers on the territory of the enterprise, in production and auxiliary premises. Location of main workshops, services, auxiliary premises. 4. Major dangerous and harmful production factors, characteristic of this production. Methods and means of preventing accidents and occupational diseases: collective protective equipment, posters, safety signs, alarms. Basic requirements for the prevention of electrical injuries.
5. Basic requirements for industrial sanitation and personal hygiene.
6. Means personal protection. Procedure and norms for issuing PPE, terms of wearing.
7. Circumstances and causes of individual typical accidents, accidents, fires that occurred at the enterprise and other similar industries due to violations of safety requirements.
8. Procedure for investigation and registration of accidents and occupational diseases.
9. Fire safety. Methods and means to prevent fires, explosions, accidents. Actions of personnel when they occur.
10. First aid for victims. Actions of workers in the event of an accident on the site or in the workshop.
Introductory training should be carried out in the occupational safety room using technical means training and visual aids(posters, full-scale exhibits, models, models, films, filmstrips, videos, etc.).
All categories of applicants, without exception, must undergo induction training. The occupational safety engineer must regularly check with the human resources department to ensure that all those hired have undergone induction training.
Based on the results of the briefing, the person responsible for working with personnel completes the final registration of the newly arriving employee and sends him to the place of work.
The induction training must be signed by the person being instructed and the person instructing in the introductory training registration log, as well as in the employment document (as a rule, in the order (instruction) on hiring on the reverse side).

B. On-the-job training

Instruction at the workplace consists of familiarizing workers with the basic provisions and requirements for labor safety, sanitary rules, norms and hygienic standards, building codes and rules technical regulations, standards (state, industry, organization), design rules and safe operation various types equipment, rules and instructions on labor protection, organizational - methodological documents, methodological instructions, recommendations, as well as existing dangerous or harmful production factors, descriptions and demonstrations of safe methods and techniques for performing work. Occupational safety briefing ends with a knowledge test through an oral survey or using technical training tools, as well as a test of acquired skills in safe ways to perform work.
The acquired knowledge is checked by the employee who conducted the instruction (unit manager, work manager, etc.).

An approximate list of the main issues of initial training in the workplace(according to GOST 12.0.004-90 (1999):

1. General information about the technological process and equipment at this workplace, production site, in the workshop. The main dangerous and harmful production factors arising during this technological process.
2. Safe organization and maintenance of the workplace.
3. Dangerous areas of the machine, mechanism, device. Equipment safety equipment (safety, braking devices and fencing, locking and alarm systems, safety signs). Requirements for the prevention of electrical injuries.
4. The procedure for preparing for work (checking the serviceability of equipment, starting devices, tools and devices, interlocks, grounding and other protective equipment).
5. Safe practices and methods of work; actions in case of occurrence dangerous situation.
6. Personal protective equipment at this workplace and rules for their use.
7. Scheme of safe movement of workers on the territory of a workshop or site.
8. Intrashop transport and lifting equipment and mechanisms. Safety requirements for loading and unloading operations and transportation of goods.
9. Characteristic reasons accidents, explosions, fires, incidents industrial injuries.
10. Measures to prevent accidents, explosions, fires. Responsibilities and actions in case of an accident, explosion, fire. Methods of using fire extinguishing means, emergency protection and alarm systems available on the site, and their locations.
Workers not involved in the operation, maintenance, testing, adjustment and repair of equipment, the use of electrified or other tools, the storage and use of raw materials and materials may be exempt from passing initial briefing at work. The list of professions and positions of employees exempt from undergoing initial training at the workplace is approved by the employer.
Instructions are divided into:
- introductory;
- primary at the workplace;
- repeated;
- unscheduled;
- target.
Before starting independent work, the employee undergoes an on-the-job training. Depending on the complexity of the work, it lasts from 2 to 14 shifts.
The enterprise must have an order specifying the supervisors of the internship.
The internship ends with testing of employees' knowledge of labor protection instructions, safety measures when operating equipment, fire and electrical safety rules and is documented in the workplace briefing log.

B. Repeated, unscheduled, targeted briefing

Repeated training of workers at the workplace is carried out in order to increase the level of their knowledge and skills in labor protection. All employees undergo it at least once every 6 months, with the exception of those employees who, according to the employer’s order, are exempt from initial training. Repeated training can be carried out individually with each employee or with a group of employees of the same profession.
Unscheduled briefing is carried out:
- upon the introduction of new or amended legislative and other regulatory legal acts containing labor protection requirements, as well as labor protection instructions;
- when changing technological processes, replacing or upgrading equipment, devices, tools and other factors affecting labor safety;
- in case of violation by employees of labor protection requirements, if these violations created real threat the occurrence of serious consequences (industrial accident, accident, etc.);
- on request officials state supervision and control bodies;
- during breaks in work (for work with harmful and (or) dangerous conditions - more than 30 calendar days, and for other works - more than two months;
- by decision of the employer (or a person authorized by him).
Targeted instruction is carried out in following cases:
- when performing one-time work that is not directly related to the duties of the specialty (loading, unloading, cleaning the territory, etc.);
- when eliminating accidents and consequences natural Disasters and disasters;
- during the performance of work for which a work permit, permit and others are issued special documents;
- when organizing mass events.
All types of instruction must be carried out directly by the work manager.

Testing knowledge of labor protection requirements

All employees of the enterprise pass occupational safety exams, with the exception of department heads and officials who have completed training in occupational safety in specialized training centers and having the appropriate certificate.
To test the knowledge of employees of an enterprise on labor protection, it is necessary to:
1. Issue an order to create a commission to test knowledge of labor protection.
2. Prepare a training program on labor protection for blue-collar workers.
3. Issue an order to conduct training and test knowledge on occupational safety for employees of the enterprise.
4. Draw up the minutes of the meeting of the commission to test knowledge of labor protection requirements for workers.
5. Organize the preparation of employees for passing exams:
- make a working folder with instructions and the Training Program and place it in a convenient place for reference;
- conduct classes and lectures on labor protection and fire safety;
- announce to employees the day of examinations in accordance with the order.
6. Take exams and issue a protocol.

First aid training for victims at work

Training in providing first aid to victims at work begins with the issuance of an order on those responsible for providing first aid first aid in case of accidents and a first aid kit.
In accordance with this order, the engineer (responsible) for labor protection must conduct training for those responsible for providing first aid in medical institution, which has a license to provide this type of service (mainly medical institutions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations).
Training of workers in providing first aid to victims at work is carried out during fire safety exercises (trainings) or during special exercises (civil defense).
In conclusion, it should be noted that employees who have not passed the in the prescribed manner training and instructions on labor protection, internships and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements are not allowed to work.

Tags: Training system for safe methods and techniques of performing work, instruction on labor protection, on-the-job training, testing knowledge of labor protection requirements, first aid to victims at work

The discipline program is developed in accordance with the requirements of legislative and legal regulatory framework Governments Russian Federation and the Moscow Government.

Work at Height is, firstly, when there are risks associated with a possible fall of a worker from a height of 1.8 m or more. Less than this mark - if work is carried out on machines or mechanisms, water surface or protruding objects. Secondly, when an employee climbs a height exceeding 5 m or descends a height exceeding 5 m on a vertical ladder, the angle of inclination of which to a horizontal surface is more than 75°. And finally, if the work is carried out on sites at a distance closer than 2 m from unfenced differences in height of more than 1.8 m, and also if the height of the fencing of these sites is less than 1.1 m.

Adults are allowed to work at heights. They undergo mandatory preliminary (upon entry to work) and periodic medical examinations. Instructions on labor protection are provided. Training in safe methods and techniques for performing work is provided. Upon successful completion of the test of knowledge and acquired skills, a certificate of admission to work at height is issued.

Workers permitted to work at height are issued a work permit issued on a special form.

Workers allowed to work at height are divided into 3 groups according to the safety of work at height:

1 group- workers allowed to work as part of a team or under the direct supervision of an employee appointed by order of the employer;

2nd group- foremen, foremen, internship supervisors, as well as workers appointed as responsible performers of work at height according to the work permit for work at height;

3 group- workers appointed by the employer as responsible for the safe organization and performance of work at height, as well as for conducting briefings; teachers and members of certification commissions created by order of the head of the organization providing training in safe methods and techniques for performing work at height; workers performing maintenance and periodic inspection of personal protective equipment (hereinafter referred to as PPE); workers issuing permits; responsible managers of work at heights performed under work permit; occupational safety specialists; officials whose powers include approving the work plan at height.

Periodic training of workers of groups 1 and 2 in safe methods and techniques for performing work at height is carried out at least once every 3 years.

Periodic training of Group 3 employees is carried out at least once every 5 years. (exam), based on the results of which a standard document (certificate) is issued.

Work at height curriculum:

Curriculum: 1 group

• Methods and means of preventing accidents and occupational diseases;
• Requirements for workers when working at heights;
• Application of safety systems for working at height. Inspection of PPE before and after use;
• Safe production practices and methods special works on high;
• Fundamentals of rescue and evacuation techniques;

Curriculum: 2nd group

• Requirements of norms, rules, standards and regulations on labor protection and work safety;
• Methods and means of preventing accidents and occupational diseases. Procedure for investigation and registration;
• Work at height, carried out with a permit;
• Rules and requirements for use, application, operation, issuance, care, storage, inspection, testing, rejection and certification of protective equipment;
• Organization of rescue measures and safe transportation of the victim. Providing first aid to the victim;

Curriculum: 3rd group

• General issues of ensuring the safety of work at heights;
• Technical and technological measures to ensure safety of work at height;
• Organizational measures to ensure safety of work at height;
• Organization of rescue measures and safe transportation of the victim. Teaching Methodology practical techniques first aid;

Photos from training

Price

The employee is required to undergo training in safe methods and techniques for performing labor protection work, providing first aid in case of industrial accidents, on-the-job training and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements (Article 214 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

In accordance with Article 76 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to remove from work (not allow to work) an employee who has not undergone training and testing of knowledge and skills in the field of labor protection in the prescribed manner.

All employees of the organization, including its manager, are subject to occupational safety training and testing of knowledge of occupational safety requirements.

Responsibility for organizing and timely training on labor protection and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements for company employees lies with the employer in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Occupational safety briefings

• introductory;
• primary at the workplace;
• repeated in the workplace;
• unscheduled in the workplace;
• target in the workplace.

Introductory training on labor protection.

Introductory briefing on labor protection (“introductory briefing”) is carried out by a labor protection engineer or a person appointed by order of the head of the Company, before hiring or on the first day of hiring, according to the Program of introductory briefing on labor protection

• with all those hired, regardless of their education, work experience in a given profession or position,
• with temporary workers, business travelers, students and students arriving for internships.

Initial instruction on labor protection in the workplace.

Initial briefing on labor protection in the workplace (“initial briefing”) is carried out before starting work by the immediate supervisor who has undergone training and knowledge testing of labor protection requirements and has been approved to conduct instructions in this department by order of the head of the Company, according to the Program for Briefing on Labor Safety in the Workplace :

• with all newly hired employees;
• with employees transferred within the company;
• with employees performing new work for them;
• with posted and temporary workers;
• with students and students who arrived for practice.

On-the-job internship.

Primary test of knowledge.

At the end of the internship, the employee undergoes a knowledge test in the store’s permanent knowledge testing commission, approved by order of the head of the Company. The results of the knowledge test are recorded in the knowledge test protocol.

Annual knowledge test.

Repeated training on labor protection in the workplace.

Repeated briefing on labor protection in the workplace (“re-briefing”) is carried out at least once every six months, and if available dangerous species works at least once every three months by the immediate supervisor, who has undergone training and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements and has been allowed to conduct instructions in this department by order of the head of the Company, according to the Program for conducting instruction on labor protection in the workplace. If an employee is absent from the workplace within the established period (vacation, business trip, sick leave, etc.), repeated instruction is carried out on the first day of departure before starting work.

Unscheduled briefing on labor protection in the workplace.

Unscheduled briefing on labor protection in the workplace (“unscheduled briefing”) is carried out by the immediate supervisor of the work performed, who has undergone training and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements and has been approved to conduct briefings in this department by order of the head of the Company, in the following cases:

• upon the entry into force of new or revised instructions, regulations, as well as changes and additions to them;
• when it changes technological process, replacement of equipment, fixtures and tools;
• in case of violation by employees of labor protection requirements, which can lead or have led to injury, accident or other situation that threatens the life and health of people;
• at the request of officials of state supervision and control bodies;
• during breaks in work for more than 30 calendar days;
• by the employer's decision.

Targeted instruction on labor protection in the workplace.

Targeted briefing on labor protection in the workplace (“targeted briefing”) is carried out by the immediate supervisor of the work performed, who has undergone training and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements and is allowed to conduct briefings in this department by order of the head of the Company in the following cases:

• when performing one-time work not related to direct duties in the specialty (loading, unloading, cleaning the territory, one-time work outside the Company, etc.);
• when eliminating the consequences of accidents, natural disasters and catastrophes.

Testing employees' knowledge and allowing them to work independently

On-the-job internship.

After conducting initial instruction on labor protection in the workplace, managers or their replacements organize training for newly hired workers in safe techniques and work methods through on-the-job training for a period of 2 to 14 shifts.

Primary test of knowledge.

At the end of the internship, the employee undergoes a knowledge test in a permanent knowledge testing commission, approved by order of the head of the Company. The results of the knowledge test are recorded in the knowledge test protocol.

Admission to independent work

At the end of the internship, testing of theoretical knowledge and acquired skills in safe ways of performing work, the manager allows the employee to work independently, about which a corresponding entry is made in the order on admission to independent work and the workplace briefing log.

Annual knowledge test. In progress labor activity employees undergo an annual knowledge test in a permanent commission on the “Occupational Safety and Health Training Program for Personnel.”

Conducting occupational safety training and knowledge testing for managers and specialists

Primary certification of managers and specialists

After completing the introductory briefing, all managers and specialists, no later than one month from the date of taking office, must undergo training at training centers or at the Company’s permanent commission, according to the training program for managers and occupational safety specialists, approved on the basis of the current labor legislation.

Retesting the knowledge of managers and specialists

At least once every three years, managers and specialists undergo regular testing of knowledge on labor protection in the permanent commission of the Company or training centers.

Unscheduled knowledge testing of managers and specialists

Carried out in the following cases:

• when putting into operation new or redesigned regulatory documents on labor protection;
• when transferring an employee to another place of work or assigning him to another position that requires additional knowledge on labor protection;
• if they or their subordinates violate the requirements of labor legislation, industry operating and safety rules, labor protection instructions and other regulatory documents;
• at the request of state supervisory authorities;
• by decision of the employer (or his authorized person.

(You can read the material in more detail by following the link Training in safe methods and techniques for performing work, conducting labor safety briefings, on-the-job training and testing knowledge of labor safety requirements

You have new employee. What occupational safety measures should be taken with him? Watch Anatoly Terentyev's video on this topic at the end of the article.

1. Conducting induction training

As soon as an employee appears at the enterprise, even before signing an employment contract, it is necessary to carry out work with him. This instruction is carried out by a labor protection specialist or a specially trained person.

There must be a training program approved by the head of the organization, with a list of questions that you, as an occupational safety specialist, include at your discretion. Most often included general issues:

• general information about the enterprise;
• presence of harmful and hazardous factors that may affect the employee;
• protective equipment that may be provided to employees;
• benefits and compensation provided to employees;
• employee actions in emergency situations.

The learning results are reflected in the journal. The employee signs in this journal.

2. Conducting initial training

Next, the employee goes to work. On the first working day, the immediate supervisor of this employee conducts . Training is carried out according to programs, instructions, or other documents that reflect the procedure and safety of work. The learning results are also reflected in a special journal.

3. On-the-job internship

Internship is mandatory only for workers employed in hazardous and hazardous conditions labor. To determine whether an employee needs an internship, just read it employment contract. If the working conditions in the contract are optimal and acceptable, then an internship for this employee is not mandatory.

These are the workers who perform maintenance and repairs. technical devices. For example, a slinger’s working conditions are acceptable, but an internship is mandatory for him.

The internship is formalized by order:

“Ivanov Ivan Ivanovich will be assigned an internship under the leadership of Petrov Petrovich in the number of ________ shifts from _____ to ________”

4. Training in safe ways to perform work

Eat individual species professions for which on-the-job training may not be required, but training in safe methods and techniques for performing work becomes mandatory.

How is it carried out? The rules don't clearly say this. The Ministry of Labor says that the organization of this type of training is carried out at the discretion of the head of the organization. Therefore, you can send your workers to, or invite specialists, or organize this training at your workplace.

This type training is carried out no later than 1 month upon employment of the employee.

A training program must be developed. It usually consists of five sections:

• labor law/ talk about workers’ rights and responsibilities;
• occupational Safety and Health / parse all internal local documents;
• Fire safety;
• electrical safety;

5. Testing employee knowledge

“A commission consisting of ______________________________ tested knowledge of the requirements for safe methods and techniques for performing work, providing first aid to victims...” You can also add there various instructions and internal regulations.

This protocol must be drawn up and signed by the employee no later than 1 month from the date of entry to work.

6. Employee permission to work independently

Permission to work is issued by an order, which is drawn up after completing all the above-described measures:

“Based on a positive knowledge test, allow the employee to work independently.”

Conclusion:

Why is it important to carry out all these activities?

Because in the event of an accident at an enterprise, all the measures described above are reflected in the first section of the “N1” act, section “Information about the employee.”

If all the above measures are not carried out, then there can be no question of any admission of the employee to work. So, according to Article 76 Labor Code RF, an employee who has not completed training, instruction, internship and knowledge testing in the appropriate manner should be immediately removed from work.