Is it possible to grow cedar from a nut at home? Cedar at home How to grow a tree from a pine nut

17.06.2019

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Cedar is a powerful tree; in natural conditions it grows up to 40 m in height. Bred for indoor cultivation decorative varieties. They don't require large area plot, and also bear fruit.

Planting methods

For planting, choose fresh nuts, removed from a strong and healthy cone without signs of mold. Grocery store nuts are not suitable for cultivation because they are subject to heat treatment.

Source: Depositphotos

Knowing how to plant cedar at home from a nut, you can grow a useful ornamental tree

To grow a tree, prepare nuts from a cone as follows:

Wash the seeds in warm water to remove the resin using toothbrush or a sponge.
Make a stratification: place the nuts in cold water for three days. Change the water daily. Floating seeds are not suitable for planting; seeds that have sunk to the bottom should be planted.
On the 4th day, drain the water and mix the seeds with peat or sand. Moisten the resulting mixture and place it in a wooden box with holes for air. Place the workpiece in dark room with an air temperature of +4 °C for 3–6 months. So you imitate winter conditions for a plant. Once every six months, take out the nuts to moisten the substrate.
Purchase soil for coniferous plants at the store or bring natural soil from the forest. Plant nuts in March-April in a small container up to 200 g. Deepen the nut into the ground 2 cm, sprinkle with sawdust or pine needles. Place the pot in a shaded place where the temperature does not exceed +18...+20 °C. Water the crops regularly without over-watering.

It is advisable to plant several seeds, because 10–15% of them remain viable. At proper care the first shoots appear after 60–90 days. Growth in the first 5 years of a tree’s life is slow; within a year the sprout grows 7 cm in height.

Growing and care

During the growth of seedlings, harden them and accustom them to natural conditions. To do this, take the pot out into the sun to take air baths during the summer period. Plant hardened seedlings in nutritious, light, loose, well-drained soil.

When landing, make sure that:

root system was completely immersed in the ground;
the roots were not damaged or bent.

They are planted using the transfer method: they are moved from one pot to another along with the root ball, which contains friendly organisms. This will increase the survival rate of the plant.

Growing a tree from a nut requires a lot of effort and patience. The Siberian plant will decorate garden plot for many years.

Cedar is one of the most beautiful representatives of coniferous trees. Its lifespan is 450–500 years, and cedar pine reaches maturity at 80–85 years. This long-liver pleases not only with its spreading long needles, but also with delicious pine nuts, rich in vitamins, microelements, fats and protein.

Cedar can be grown from a nut

You can meet cedars both in summer cottages and on the territory country houses. Most often they are planted as annual seedlings, but not many people know how to grow cedar from a nut at home.

Planting material

Growing cedar from nuts is not an easy task, because there are no high-quality planting raw materials on sale. Nuts that you can buy in the store are absolutely not suitable for growing cedar at home. Most often they are shelled and fried. Not many people decide to germinate seeds themselves, because it is much easier to buy an annual seedling and plant it in the ground.

Buy pine nuts not the best either good idea. The seeds retain their germination capacity for 1 year, in the second year it decreases by 50%, and after that the seed will not germinate at all.

In addition to the shelf life of nuts, its conditions may also be violated, which negatively affects the planting material.

To grow cedar from seeds at home, you will have to collect pine nuts yourself. This can be done in areas where cedar pine grows at the end of October and November. At this time, the collection of ripe cones begins. You can take seeds or cones with seeds that have fallen to the ground, but they may be damaged by mold or rodents, and there is a high probability that it will be last year's harvest.

It is better to pick the cone directly from the tree, but this is not easy to do due to the height of cedar pines. The pickers use long sticks with beaters on the ends, knocking the cones off from the very tops. Such seeds are more likely to germinate.

To collect seeds, it is best to pick a cone from a tree yourself.

Preparing seeds for germination

To plant seeds, you need to remove them from the cone. This is done quite simply. The cone is placed close heating devices or quickly burn with flame from all sides. Under the influence of temperature, the scales open, releasing the seeds. On an industrial scale, special devices are used that crush the cone without damaging the pine nuts.

After removing the seeds, care must be taken to disinfect them. To prevent many fungal diseases, pine nuts are soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate for 2–3 hours before planting.

Planting seeds

An important point in growing cedar from seeds is stratification - the creation of conditions as close as possible to natural ones. In the forest, pine nuts, falling into the ground in November–December, overwinter under the snow and only germinate in the spring. Creating something similar at home is quite simple:

After soaking in potassium permanganate, pine nuts are planted in a specially prepared substrate to a depth of 1–2 cm. Planting too deep prevents seed germination.
Seeds planted in a container are watered so that all the soil is wet, but not soggy from excess moisture. Otherwise, the nuts will begin to rot.
5–7 cm of snow is placed on the surface of the substrate. The container is covered with polyethylene and placed on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator for 3 months. If weather conditions do not allow you to immediately cover the plantings with snow, then this can be done later.
Once a month or as the soil dries, the nuts are watered with water at room temperature. It is advisable to use melted snow.

After 3 months of stratification, the container with the cedars planted in it is taken out of the refrigerator and placed on the south window. Most often, the first shoots appear already in the second week.

Cedar sprouts well on a south window

Substrate for planting seeds

The quality and composition of the soil play an important role in growing cedar at home. Seeds should be germinated in a mixture:

river sand;
fine gravel chips;
peat

Sand and gravel are calcined before planting. This prevents the development of many diseases and kills mold spores. Sometimes cedar seeds are germinated in a mixture of pine sawdust and fertile soil. This composition is very similar to the soil of a cedar forest, but it dries out quite quickly, so you need to carefully monitor the watering of the sprouted nuts.

Before planting nuts, the soil should be calcined.

Transplanting seedlings

When the cedar sprouts have reached 3 cm, they need to be planted in separate containers, where they will grow for the first year. The main thing when transplanting is to handle the delicate roots carefully so as not to damage them.

Drainage is placed at the bottom of the pot; you can buy it in a store or use pine cones. The second option is better, because it brings the growing conditions closer to natural ones. The substrate is made from river sand, fertile soil and pine sawdust.

A month after transplantation, you can begin hardening the seedlings. First they arrange ventilation, and after a while they take it outside.

A young tree should not be left in the scorching sun, but shade is not suitable for it either. You need to place the pot with cedar in a place with diffuse shadow - under another tree or canopy.

During the first 10 years, cedar pine grows very slowly, but when good care will grow sharply. It is better to plant the seedling in the ground before three years. This tree is well accepted and easily withstands winter.

A three-year-old seedling can already be planted in the ground

Caring for a young tree

If it was possible to plant a cedar tree at the dacha and the tree took root, then all the requirements for growing pine were carefully met. Now you can start caring for the seedling. You need to remember the following recommendations:

For full development forest trees enter into symbiosis with mycelium. This useful neighborhood will help strengthen the cedar grown in the country. To do this, take 5 handfuls of forest litter and pre-chopped caps of ripe forest mushrooms, soak it all in a bucket of warm water. A day later, the cedar is watered with the resulting mixture.
It is impossible to loosen the soil around the tree, because the roots are located very close to the surface and there is a risk of damage.
The soil around the seedling is mulched to retain moisture and control weeds. Crushed cedar or other coniferous cones, sawdust, and pine nut shells are used as mulch.
Water the plant as the soil dries out, but cedar reacts painfully to waterlogging and may die. Every year in spring and autumn you need to apply fertilizers for coniferous trees. If you take good care of the cedar during the first 10 years of its life, it will grow actively and bear fruit well.

Cedars are one of the most beautiful coniferous trees, symbolizing health and strength. They are also recognized long-livers. They often live up to 500 years. These evergreen trees are often used to decorate garden and park landscapes. Many people buy annual seedlings and plant them in the plots. But experienced gardeners know ways to plant cedars at home and properly care for them.

Cultivated varieties of cedars have a variety of sizes, shapes, colors and needle lengths. Before choosing one or another variety for cultivation, it is worth getting acquainted with the types of tall cedars.

Lebanese are powerful and spreading trees with branches growing horizontally. They grow slowly, so that by the age of 10 they reach a height of 2 meters.
Himalayan - plants with drooping crowns, protruding tops and drooping branches. Growth is slow, no more than 3 meters in 10 years.
Atlas trees are powerful trees that need a large area. They require garters after planting in the ground.
Cyprian - plants from the island of Cyprus, reaching 40 meters in height in nature.

At home

There are types of cedar that can be grown at home. For example, they are great for creating bonsai. These include the valuable Himalayan cedar, as well as its Japanese “relatives”.

The difference between Himalayan cedar is its curved branches and light green needles. IN room conditions they grow very slowly, they have small size needles, but can take on a sophisticated appearance.

Japanese cedar sizes in wildlife such that the diameter of its trunk reaches 2 meters. Home-grown specimens are much more modest in size, but are not inferior in attractiveness.

Outdoors

For growing in open ground Siberian and Far Eastern cedar are suitable. Breeders have developed varieties that are intended for planting in the garden.

Siberian cedar is common in the eastern and western regions of Siberia, as well as in China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan. Nowadays, varieties of Siberian cedar have been developed that differ in the size and shape of the crown, and the presence of edible fruits.
Far Eastern cedars are frost-resistant evergreens whose lifespan reaches 600 years. Over the course of 3-4 years, the seedlings grow quite slowly and require special care; they can be planted in the countryside.

Methods of germination and propagation

Gardeners breed different kinds cedars for a long time. They reproduce in several ways: by seeds and cuttings.

Seeds

Growing a cedar from a nut takes time and effort. The result depends on the quality of the planting material. Pine nuts bought in a regular store are not suitable for these purposes - they are shelled and fried.

The germination rate of cedar seeds remains high for one year. Then it decreases: for two-year-olds the figure is 50%.

The reasons why gardeners prefer seed propagation to purchasing ready-made seedlings are the higher price of seedlings and the likelihood that they will not take root. To grow cedars, select cones with the largest nuts, which are soaked, disinfected and stratified before planting.

Cuttings

Propagating cedars by cuttings is a faster, but also more labor-intensive method. Green cuttings taken from fruit-bearing plants during bud swelling are used as planting material. The length of the branches is no more than 10 centimeters; they are cut from the side branches of the first or second order.

Technology for planting cedar at home

To grow cedar at home, select high-quality seeds. They can be purchased at a specialized store or collected independently from a tree. Ripe harvest period pine cones– from late October to November.

Landing dates

Not all gardeners know exactly when to plant cedar seeds when growing indoors. It is believed that the best time for planting is April and May. In this case, the seeds must be pre-stratified, otherwise the germination period may drag on for a whole year.

Preparation of natural material

Before sowing cedar seeds, they must be prepared. This procedure includes several steps.

Soak. The seeds are placed in hot water and soak in it for 2-3 days.
Cold stratification - immersion in damp fine-grained sand and storage for 3 months in the cellar or on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. Every 15 days, it is necessary to ventilate and moisten the mixture, and remove rotten or moldy seeds.

Treatment for blackleg and pests

To protect against blackleg fungal disease and other pests, the seeds are treated with a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate and a fungicide. This can be done 2 times a month.

Soil composition and container volume

You can plant cedar seeds in the substrate. The most suitable are loamy and sandy loam soils, as well as mixtures of sand and peat. The volume of the pots should be approximately 300 milliliters, their height should be about 8 centimeters.

Planting and germination of a young tree

Pine nuts are deepened into the soil by 3 centimeters so that developing sprouts can more easily free themselves from the shell. It is recommended to place young crops in well-lit places, while protecting them from direct sunlight.

The soil should be mulched and watered regularly. In the room where the seedlings are located, the temperature should be maintained at 20-22 C.

Rules for caring for homemade pine needles

Homemade conifers have strict requirements for light levels. If it is insufficient, it is necessary to provide the cedars with additional lighting. In the warm season, they can be taken out onto the balcony or into the garden, but this should be done gradually so that the tender young trees do not suffer from overheating or, on the contrary, from hypothermia.

Regularity of watering

Cedars should be watered sparingly. If there is an excess of moisture, there is a risk of root rotting. It is also important to ensure that the soil does not dry out.

Fertilizer

Feeding has a good effect on the condition and growth of young conifers. For this purpose, special fertilizers for coniferous trees are used - once in the spring and twice during the summer.

Crown formation

Giving the cedar crown its shape is a simple procedure. For plants no older than 10 years old, it is enough to just remove the lower branches. And from young seedlings you can simply remove the buds.

Wintering the plant

Balconies or closed terraces. Sometimes pots with plants are taken out into the garden, when low temperatures oh they're digging them in.

How to plant in open ground

Grow a beautiful cedar on personal plot quite possible. There are varieties adapted to grow far from their natural habitat. Young seedlings require a lot of attention and careful care.

In what areas can the tree be grown?

Cedars have long been successfully grown in Central Russia, for example, in the Moscow region, Vladimir and Ivanovo regions, as well as in Siberia, the Urals and Altai. Spreading coniferous trees can be seen in garden plots, groves and parks. Climatic conditions in our country they meet the requirements of the breed. Siberian cedar feels especially good in open ground.

Germinating seeds and preparing cuttings

Seeds for growing plants in open ground are prepared in the same way as those intended for cultivation at home. They undergo selection, soaking, stratification, and treatment with fungicides.

The seedling for planting can be grown on your own or purchased from a specialized store. Experienced gardeners They prefer to buy cedars that are at least 5-6 years old. However, two-year-old conifers can also be planted.

Selecting a location

Defining , Where is it better to plant a seedling on a personal plot, we must take into account that this plant loves warmth and light. Therefore, it is recommended to allocate well-lit places protected from winds for it.

Soil preparation

The soil where the ephedra is planted must be fresh, well-drained, enriched nutrients saturated with organic matter. Cedars prefer clay and loamy substrates.

Planting period and pattern

The best time when it is recommended to plant a plant in open ground is spring. This should not be done in the summer, but in the fall the period comes again when you can plant conifers on the site. It is enough just to wait until the leaf fall of the deciduous representatives of the flora ends.

The planting scheme should take into account that the crown diameter of an adult tree is about 6 meters. This distance should be left free around the planting hole. The nearest buildings should be located at a distance of 3 meters, otherwise the roots may destroy the foundation over time.

Caring for a planted tree

Young trees are demanding of growing conditions. They grow slowly, so you need to make sure they are not in the shade tall plants and did not suffer from lack of light.

Irrigation

Cedars suffer equally from drought and from excess moisture. Therefore, seedlings should be watered regularly, but moderately. IN hot weather The needles need to be irrigated to keep them fresh.

Top dressing

It is recommended to fertilize seedlings three times during one growing season - in May, June and July. For this, a solution of potassium sulfate is used. A year after planting the tree in open ground, you can use nitrogen fertilizers as top dressing.

Treatment against insects and pests

Young seedlings are very vulnerable to diseases and pests, for example, gray grass or tar cancer, bark beetles, scale insects, and aphids. To protect green pets, it is necessary to clean trunk circle from weed and use special insecticides.

Is it possible to transplant an adult tree from the forest to a plot?

Try to transplant mature plant You can go to the garden plot. However, to do this, a number of conditions must be met, which determine whether the tree will take root in a new place:

its height should not exceed 3 meters, and the trunk diameter should not exceed 7 centimeters;
the earthen ball must be large, and it must be preserved when digging and transporting;
practice shows that it is not easy to fulfill the last condition, since the slightest shedding of the earthen clod causes damage to the feeding roots.

How to care for an adult cedar

Caring for an adult plant consists of ensuring soil breathability, sufficient light levels, seasonal feeding, moderate infrequent watering, mulching the soil and annual pruning.

These simple procedures will allow you to grow a long-lived tree on your site and plant it with healing, saturated with phytoncides and biologically active substances, air.

Professor of Moscow State University of Linguistics, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences. Sciences I.I. Drozdov

Any natural talent is revealed to its fullest, only in certain favorable conditions, with appropriate upbringing. Yes and Siberian cedar - only with appropriate attention and targeted care, it fully realizes its rich natural capabilities.

Pinus cembra (Arolla Pine).

In wild cedar forests, trees are not productive enough. Here they are formed under the conditions of biogenosis - a unique plant complex with high environmental properties, opportunities for secondary use of forests and obtaining valuable wood in mature forest stands.

In the village cedar forests, unique cedar gardens, formed and well-groomed by man, the trees are presented in all their splendor.

Trees with lush, evergreen crowns adorn village landscapes in the best possible way, ennobling them with their colorful appearance. Phytoncides improve the health of the atmosphere; the nut yield in the pine trees near the village is almost every year 5-6 times higher than the yield of forest plantations.

However, despite all the attractiveness of cedar, growing it is more difficult compared to other conifers (Scots pine, larch, spruce). Foresters call the culture of Siberian cedar the school of patience.

Its seeds are distinguished by deep dormancy and they germinate only after a winter stay in the cold, at least 3-4 months. Cedar crops require protection from rodents and birds. The first ten years the cedar grows slowly, reaching a height of 1.5 m.

However, in the future, this breed is able to thank for attention to it. Cedar gets along well in individual areas, near buildings. At 30 years old it reaches a height of 9 meters, forms lush crown, reaching 3 meters in diameter.

Pinus koraiensis, cedar seeds. A tall, slender tree over 40 m tall with a dense crown.

By this time, there is little space for spruce, Scots pine and larch, they are cramped on the site, and problems arise with their felling.

Siberian cedar is propagated mainly by seed, less often - vegetatively (grafting, rooting cuttings).

It is preferable to import cedar seeds from flat and low-mountain areas Western Siberia. When propagating this breed in the European part of Russia, it is better to focus on the spring sowing period (late April, first half of May).

For this purpose, the seeds are first prepared, stratify at least 3 months in the cold, following the following procedure.

The seeds are soaked for 3 days, changing the water daily. During this period, benign seeds swell and go down to the bottom of the vessel. Empty and poor-quality seeds remain on the surface, their delete.

Benign seeds are pickled in an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate. Then their seeds are mixed with a damp (50%) substrate (sand, peat, sawdust, conifers, etc.) in a 1:2 ratio and placed in the cold (under the snow, in the refrigerator, etc.).

With a small number of seeds, they can be placed in bags made of several layers of loose fabric. It is important that the entire period of stay in the cold, the seeds are wet. They retain moisture well under snow; they need to be moistened periodically in the refrigerator. Seeds in bags can be placed in plastic bags without closing them tightly.

Before sowing, the seeds are separated from the substrate, again pickled in a strong solution of potassium permanganate (up to 24 hours) and dried for sowing.

It is better to plant them in a greenhouse, hotbed, etc. on a loose peat-soil substrate. Here the crops are reliably protected from damage by birds. IN comfortable conditions seed germination increases, seedlings grow 1.5-2 times faster than in open ground.

At the bottom of the sowing furrows before sowing, it is advisable to add 1 g of superphosphate per 1 meter, potassium fertilizers - 0.5 g or wood ash- 2 g mixed with 20 g of peat. The distance between sowing lines is 15-20 cm.

The seeding rate is 30 g (125-150 seeds) per 1 meter. The depth of planting seeds into the soil is 3 cm. The surface of the crops is covered with a 0.5-1 cm layer of loose mulch (peat, sawdust or other covering material). During the season it is necessary to weed and loosen the soil 3-4 times.

Before mass shoots appear (10-12 days), it is required watering. Subsequently, the seedlings develop a fairly deep root system.

To protect crops from infectious damage to seedlings caused by the Fusarium fungus, in addition to preventive treatment of seeds, it will be necessary to water the seed furrows with the seeds sown in them with a 0.4% solution of potassium permanganate.

When lesions appear, the stems of the seedlings turn red, a constriction forms, they fall and dry out. Control measures: during the first 2 weeks, seedlings are treated with a 0.4% solution of potassium permanganate 1-3 times with a solution consumption of up to 10 liters per 1 m2.

After 3 years, before their growth begins, the seedlings are dug up and transplanted into a tree school with a placement of 0.4x0.4 m, where they are grown for 3-5 years to obtain larger seedlings. Seedlings dug up before the start of the growing season can be stored in the cold for 2 weeks.

Bunches of seedlings (50-100 pieces) are packed in damp burlap, then in plastic film and placed in a basement or in a snow pile, previously prepared under a layer of sawdust.

You can grow seedlings with closed roots, that is, in peat, plastic or other containers prepared for seedlings with a height of at least 8 cm and a volume of 200-300 cm 3 .

The containers are filled with a substrate from a mixture of peat and loam (1:1) with the addition of granulated superphosphate - 50 g, potassium salt - 25 g, dolomite lime - 250 g per bucket of the mixture (10 l).

The containers are filled with substrate in mid-April and placed on the ground in the greenhouse. After stratification, cedar seeds are washed, pickled for 24 hours in a 0.4% solution of potassium permanganate and germinated 7-10 days before sowing on damp sand or damp burlap.

Germinated seeds are sown 1 piece into each container, fill them with peat, sand or sawdust in a layer of 1 cm and water them with a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate (5 liters per 1 m of container surface).

Care consists of timely watering, loosening the surface of the substrate two or three times, and removing weeds. If foci of seedling damage (fusarium blight) are detected, they are watered with a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate. If several seedlings died, empty seats supplemented with sprouted seeds or shoots from additional crops.

Growing period is 2-3 years. In the first case, seedlings are grown for 2 years under a film covering, in the second - the first year in closed ground, the next 2 years in open ground with mandatory regular watering. The slightest overdrying of a small volume of substrate has a detrimental effect on plant growth.

Grown seedlings are removed from containers or directly into peat pots transplanted into large containers (paper-plastic milk bags, ceramic flower pots, plastic bags, etc.) or planted in tree school soil (0.4x0.4 m) to germinate them and obtain 6-8-year-old seedlings .

Runes Divination hand-carved from cedar, which significantly enhances magical properties.

Saplings 6-8 years old are more reliable than seedlings when transplanting cedar to a permanent place. At the tree school, they are dug up with a lump of soil (0.2 x 0.2 x 0.2 m) and transferred to the planting site, having previously wrapped the lump with film or a damp cloth. Seedlings with a closed root system are freed from containers before planting.

Planting seedlings carried out in areas with previously loosened (dug up) not turfed loamy or sandy loam soil. The planting hole is dug 30% larger than the volume of the root systems of the seedlings.

The removed soil is mixed with fertilizers (peat, humus, rotted manure, wood ash), it is advisable to add 3-4 handfuls of forest litter from under the coniferous forest.

The latter contributes to better development of mycorrhiza on root systems (symbiosis of root endings and hyphae of forest fungi), which provides good mineral nutrition to forest woody plants.

The prepared substrate is poured into the bottom of the hole and the root system of the seedling is placed in its center so that its root collar (the boundary between the stem and the root system) is at the ground level of the site. Next, the hole is filled with prepared loose soil, compacted by trampling and watered (0.5 buckets).

Place seats for seedlings linearly or in groups with a distance between them of at least 3 m. When planting plantings garden type, placement of seedlings 4x5 m or 5x5 m. This provides a fairly complete light supply to the trees, promotes crown development and formation good harvest bumps in the future. With sparse trees standing, cedar begins to produce harvests from the age of 18.

Seedling care

When appearing on young shoots white plaque(more often appears in humid weather) it is necessary to treat them with a solution laundry soap. He is being bred into warm water, beat the foam and then thoroughly wash the affected shoots with a sponge or soft cloth swab 2-3 times.

Otherwise, with the active development of whiteness shoots may die off. The tree, however, does not die, but annual growth is lost.

Essential oil. Cedar (Cedrus deodara). Pine family. Extraction method: steam distillation from wood.

Vegetative propagation cedar, most often grafting cuttings of cedar onto cedar or cedar onto Scots pine, is carried out to clone valuable selected forms (in terms of growth intensity, decorativeness, productivity), to accelerate the appearance of the first cones.

From a cutting - a scion - taken from an adult tree from the upper female tier of the cedar crown, a sexually mature plant develops. After 4-5 years, cones may appear on such a grafted tree.

Cedar cuttings can be rooted in special greenhouses, like blue spruce cuttings. But the technology of this process is quite labor-intensive. At all, vegetative propagation cedar is a rather complex matter, and it is better to leave it to specialists.

Cedar seed production is one of the main attractive qualities of this tree. In a free state, cedar grown from seed begins to form cones at the age of 18-20.

Siberian cedar is a monoecious tree; in the upper, most illuminated part of the crown there are female ovules, below - male strobili. The cedar “blooms” in June. The female “bumps” of raspberry-violet color are hidden in the needles near the apical bud of the shoot.

Male “flowers”, orange-crimson in color, are collected in large “inflorescences” at the base of the shoots. After 3-5 days, they turn brown and fall off. Pollen is carried by the wind. After pollination, the female cones close, become green-brown, grow to 2-3 cm and are called “winter cones” until the spring of next year.

Fertilization and seed formation occurs from the end of August and throughout September. To ensure cross-pollination, it is advisable to have a group of cedars (3 or more).

To increase the reliability of pollination of female “flowers” in young cedars, you can carry out artificial post-pollination: shake off the pollen of male “flowers” onto paper, place it in a jar and store it in the refrigerator for several days. As the female “flowers” open, apply pollen to them with a soft brush or gently blow them off a sheet of paper.

Cedar grows and bears fruit for several centuries. Near Yaroslavl, in the Tolga Monastery, about 50 cedars from the monastery garden, founded four centuries ago, have been preserved. Individual centuries-old fruit-bearing cedars are often found in the Yaroslavl region.

Near Suzdal, an alley of 150-year-old cedar trees is successfully bearing fruit. In the Ivanovo region, in the Ples tract near the town of Furmanov, a 120-year-old cedar grove (about 1 hectare) bears fruit and produces natural regeneration of cedar.

In the Moscow region, near the town of Dolgoprudny, in the Klyazminsky park forestry enterprise, there is a century-old grove of two hundred cedars. Near the town of Zaraisk in the Novinkovsky forestry of the Lukhovitsky forestry enterprise, a 25-year-old cedar plantation on an area of 3.2 hectares (about a thousand cedars) bears fruit abundantly. In the Dmitrovsky district near Yakhroma, M.V. Tvelenev conducts observations in a half-century-old grove with an area of more than 3 hectares.

It is possible to establish new cedar groves not only in Siberia, but also in the European region of Russia. This is not only possible, but also necessary to do.

More detailed information about the biology of Siberian pine, methods of its propagation and cultivation can be gleaned from the books:

Bekh L.I., Taran I.V. Siberian miracle tree. Novosibirsk: “Science”, 1979. - 126 p.

Drozdov I.I. Introduced conifers in forest crops. M.: MGUL. 1998. - 135 p.

Ignatenko M.M. Siberian cedar. M.: “Science”, 1988. - 160 p.

Krylov G.V., Talantsev N.K.; Kozakova A.F. Cedar. M.: Timber industry. 1983. - 216 p.

Parfenov V.F. Complex in a cedar forest. M.: Timber Industry, 1979. - 240 p.

Tvelenev M.V. Growing Siberian cedar outside its natural habitat. M.: TsBNTUleskhoz 1974. - 16 p.

9. Yangutov A.I., Drozdov I.I. Artificial cultivation Siberian cedar // Results of Science and Technology. VINITI. Forestry and forestry series. M.: 1989. - Issue. 5. - p. 60-91.

Everything is written in the article. I quote:
Before mass shoots appear (10 - 12 days), watering is required. Subsequently, the seedlings develop a fairly deep root system.

When lesions appear, the stems of the seedlings turn red, a constriction forms, they fall and dry out. Control measures: during the first 2 weeks, seedlings are treated with a 0.4% solution of potassium permanganate 1 - 3 times with a solution consumption of up to 10 liters per 1 m2.

After 3 years, before their growth begins, the seedlings are dug up and transplanted into a tree school with a placement of 0.4x0.4 m, where they are grown for 3 - 5 years to obtain larger seedlings. Seedlings dug up before the start of the growing season can be stored in the cold for 2 weeks.

Bunches of seedlings (50 - 100 pieces) are packed in damp burlap, then in plastic wrap and placed in a basement or in a snow pile, previously prepared under a layer of sawdust.

You can grow seedlings with closed roots, etc. e. In peat, plastic or other containers prepared for seedlings with a height of at least 8 cm and a volume of 200 - 300 cm3.

Description of cedar

Cedar looks great in the country. This is an evergreen tree all year round will please his beautiful view. It belongs to the pine family and can live up to 800-1000 years. As it grows, this long-lived plant acquires several peaks and a dense crown.

Old cedars are distinguished by brown, with a grayish tint, cracked bark in the form of rough scales. Young shoots are dark brown with a huge number of long red hairs. The needles are dark green, soft, grow in bunches of 5 needles, triangular with small notches, reaching a length of 5 to 15 cm.

Cedar is a monoecious plant; both female and male cones grow on it. The female cedar cone is located at the end of the shoot, and the male cone is at the base. Pollination occurs thanks to the wind. Conical buds up to 10 mm long. A mature cone reaches 15 cm in length and 5-10 cm in width. They are diamond-shaped and have brown tint. Young cones are ovoid in shape and purple tint. Full maturation occurs within 15-16 months. Cedar begins to bear fruit, planting and caring for it according to all the rules, at the age of fifty years.

The seeds of the evergreen beauty are large, dark brown, ovoid in shape. One cone can ripen from 50 to 150 seeds.

Types of cedar trees

Before you learn how to plant cedar, you need to familiarize yourself with what species exist in nature and how each of them is characterized so that you can choose the best option for yourself. In total, the genus of cedar trees includes 4 tall species:

Lebanese - distinguished by its powerful and spreading branches that grow horizontally. Lebanese cedar looks very unusual; planting and caring for this species is very simple, since it is completely unpretentious to its growing conditions. This tree is slow growing and by the age of 10 years it barely reaches 2 meters.
Atlas - This species will require a lot of space to grow as it is extremely powerful. By the age of 10 it reaches 3 m in height. After planting, the seedling needs staking. The branches of the plant are raised upward.
Himalayan - by the age of 10 it grows up to 3 m. The branches are drooping, drooping type, the apex sticks out.
Cyprian - originally from the island of Cyprus. The crown at the beginning of growth is cone-shaped, then develops into a wide-spreading one, and in old age it becomes umbrella-shaped. In adulthood it reaches a height of 40 m.

Landing place

Growing cedar begins with selecting a suitable location for the plant. recommended where the soil is not too dry and rich in nutrients. Plants in the neighborhood should be lower than the cedar because it requires high levels of light as it grows. Trees that have reached the age of 7-8 years can already develop normally further in partial shade.

How to plant cedar

The very first thing you need to know is that cedar seedlings should be located at a distance of 7-8 m from each other. Marking the area when planting is very important stage work. It is necessary to ensure that the distance from the tree to the house and nearby buildings is at least 3 m. These distances must be maintained so that the powerful root system of the plant does not destroy the foundations of the buildings over time.

When you are done with the markings, you can start planting; this is not a difficult process at all. Cedar is not too picky about soil and does not require additional bedding. In hard soil, it is recommended to fill in a drainage layer (15-20 cm) consisting of coarse sand or broken bricks.

Watering and spraying

Cedar trees usually do not need watering when grown in the garden. Young trees and cedar seedlings are an exception; in dry and hot summers they need to be watered. Moderate watering is required to avoid moisture stagnation.

Evergreens also tolerate dry air calmly. But at the same time, young cedars need to be periodically sprayed summer days. This way you will provide the needles with a rich color.

Cedar care

How to grow cedar so that it is strong, beautiful and healthy? The answer to this question is simple - you need to properly care for it. While the plant is still young, it grows very slowly, giving way to other conifers and deciduous trees. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that small and still weak cedar seedlings did not disappear in the shadows and thickets of their faster neighbors. It is necessary to remove self-sowing foreign plants in a timely manner.

Feeding

The tree will grow best in an area open to sunlight. The evergreen beauty does not tolerate an excess of nitrogen, this can lead to poor development of the root system. At the same time, it requires potassium.

Seedlings need mulching, it will keep the roots in winter time from frostbite in severe frosts. Every year it is recommended to increase the layer of mulch, this will promote the formation of adventitious roots.

In spring and autumn, the circle of soil around the trunk can be mulched with organic matter. IN summer period It is recommended to feed cedar twice a month with complex

Propagation by seedlings

You need to choose cedar seedlings very carefully. It is better to purchase those that are sold in containers or with big lump soil on the roots. This condition increases the chances that the plant will tolerate transplantation well. It is recommended to buy 2-3 year old seedlings. If the planting material shows exposed roots and yellow withered needles, then it is better to refuse such a purchase.

Having selected seedlings, you can begin planting, adhering to the following recommendations:

Dig up the soil within a 3 meter radius around the planting hole.
The planting hole should be 40 percent larger than the seedling's earthen ball.
Before planting, dip the roots of the seedling in a creamy clay solution.
First secure a peg in the hole, only then can you place the seedling there. Cover everything together with soil.
Tie the seedling to the support with twine.
Water the plant moderately. If there is no rain for 14 days, then you need to continue watering every 2 days.

How to grow cedar from a nut

To grow cedar from a nut, you first need to choose the right seeds. Make sure that planting material doesn't have unpleasant odor and not covered in mold. Now that the material has been selected, you can begin sowing.

Before sowing, so that the seedlings are not damaged by the fungus, the seeds must be pickled in a weak solution of manganese for two hours.

The seeds do not germinate immediately, they pass first long preparation which lasts about 5 months. The first step of preparation is soaking the seeds in water for 3 days; you need to change the water daily. After this, the nuts are mixed with sand, moistened and placed in a fabric bag. Now you need to place them in a wooden box with holes on the sides and put them in the refrigerator. Planting material should be checked periodically and moistened as needed. If mold is noticed on a nut, it is immediately thrown away and the sand is changed.

After six months, the nuts are thoroughly washed and planted in pots to a depth of 1 cm. Sandy soil is used for this. At room temperature After 30 days the seeds will germinate. Now the seedlings can be placed in a lighted place, but not in direct sunlight.

With the onset of summer, the pots can be taken outside so that the plants gradually get used to the air and sun. After some time, small seedlings can be transplanted into loose soil.

How to grow cedar in the country

When coniferous forests are far from your home, you really want to settle in a plant that will envelop your yard with intoxicating and healing properties. pine aroma. Cedar is perfect for this purpose. Due to its large size, it is often used for landscaping large parks and squares. On suburban area a tall handsome man will also look great, especially paired with a birch tree, but what to do if you have small dacha and the site is not characterized by endless open spaces? You can find a way out by planting a dwarf cedar in your dacha.

Here are some varieties of dwarf cedar:

Nana varieties;
Atlas cedar Aurea variety;
cedar of Lebanon variety Sargentii;
Himalayan cedar variety Golden Horizon.

Benefits of cedar for humans

What benefits does cedar bring to humanity, why, especially recently, has interest in this evergreen plant increased so much? This is explained by the fact that the tree has extraordinary properties:

Throughout the year, cedar looks very decorative, especially in winter, when green needles are combined with white sparkling snow.
Healthy and tasty pine nuts are widely used in cosmetology, medicine and cooking.
Owing to its unique healing properties, oleoresin resin is one of the the best means for wound healing.
Cedar needles are also useful; for centuries it has been successfully used to treat many diseases.
Your area will be filled with the amazing coniferous aroma inherent in cedar, as a result of which the air will be filled with useful substances and freshness.
Cedar wood is highly valued in construction and furniture making. Simply priceless in this case, the Canadian of this tree has the most high price, since they are extremely durable, easily withstand changes in high and low temperatures, are environmentally friendly and have antiseptic properties. So Canadian cedar can be considered a leader among trees used by builders and furniture makers.