Installation of cable channels: how to mount them on a concrete wall. The procedure for attaching a cable channel to the wall. Fastening for a cable channel.

IN modern apartments And in private homes, it is rare to find the option of open wiring that is not distinguished by beauty and safety. Consumers try to hide cables in walls, hide them behind wallpaper, or use cable ducts for electrical wiring. The latter method is easy to install, beautiful appearance and the ability to add new wires to already connected ones using the same “passes”. The cost of such boxes is low, which is also considered a plus.

Features and varieties

Cable channels are boxes for laying wires made of metal or plastic. The scope of their application is quite wide: interior decoration offices and apartments, external wiring and ensuring the safety of cables in enterprises.

The functional purpose of such structures is to protect wiring from mechanical damage And open interaction With environment. Elegant design and ease of use are additional advantages.

All cable channels according to types and sizes are divided into two large subgroups:

• rigid for electrical wiring;
• flexible from corrugated pipes or sections.

In construction, a metal modification of the cable channel is common, where the box body is cast or perforated.

Important! Boxes with perforated metal body are used only when it is necessary to create a sufficient amount of ventilation in the wiring.

Used in everyday life plastic structures, having sufficient rigidity to perform their direct functions, and having an attractive appearance.

Main varieties

Depending on the modification, the dimensions of the cable channels, their shape, material of manufacture and technical parameters vary. In everyday life or for registration of wiring in offices, the following are most often found:

The types of cable channels listed can be divided according to the degree of rigidity, the presence of a cover or the type of locks at the joints. However, installation of wiring boxes in an apartment is carried out according to the same principle and with general rules.

Installation nuances

Creating convenient and high-quality wiring in an apartment or private house ensures reliable and safe connection of all electrical appliances. Before deciding how to attach the cable channel to the wall, and which screws are best to install the boxes on, it’s worth planning.

Important! You can plan the route for laying wires in any direction and with a different number of turns, but you need to make sure that there are no places where the wires could be damaged.

• place the switches on the side of the door handle at a height of 90–160 cm from the floor;
• a minimum distance of 15 cm is required from the ceiling, and 10 cm from the window;
• horizontal wiring lines should be located at a distance of at least 30 cm from the floor.

Beginners installing cable channels for electrical wiring of any kind should stock up on material 10–15% more than calculated in the drawings.

Advice: do not cut the entire box into pieces at once: during the fastening process, shifts may occur upward or downward and parts of a different length will be required.

Wall mounting options

There are several ways to attach cable ducts to a ceiling or wall:

1. Glue the structure with superglue or a special solution. Not the best reliable option, because under the influence of moisture or other harmful factors integrity adhesive base may break and the cable channel may come off. There is also no way to dismantle it without causing damage to repairs.
2. Screw to the surface using galvanized self-tapping screws. Suitable for wooden or plasterboard surfaces.
3. For a concrete or brick wall, dowel-nails are used.
4. Combine the method of gluing and screwing in screws.

In specialized stores you can find separate species cable channels, which have one adhesive side. For their installation, no additional devices are required, only the material itself.

Important! It is necessary to cut the boxes with the lids snapped on them. And when constructing several sections into one route, ensure that the joints match.

How to secure a box with glue

If you decide to secure the cable channels without the possibility of subsequent dismantling, you can use glue. In this case, the operating algorithm will be as follows:

• glue is applied in a zigzag between the edges of the box in increments of 1.5 cm;
• the treated base is pressed against the wall, but not fixed, but moved to the side;
• when the remainder of the adhesive base on the wall dries and turns into a thickened mass, install the cable channel in the same place;
• hold, pressing the box with force against the wall, waiting for the glue to dry.

Tip: to increase the reliability of installation of cable channels, nail nails along the central axis in increments of 50–60 cm along the length of the route.

Cable laying is carried out only after the glue has completely hardened and the structure is securely fixed to the wall.

Features of fastening with self-tapping screws

To install cable ducts using self-tapping screws, you must first make holes in the profile. They are placed along one line in increments of 50 cm. It is better to use a zigzag pattern.

Tip: If gaps appear when attaching the box to the wall, make holes for screws in increments of 30–40 cm to improve the strength of the structure.

To work with dowels, you will need to prepare holes in the wall. To do this, it is advisable to use a 6 mm drill so that the diameter is suitable for nails measuring 6 by 40 mm. The distance between the holes should be no more than 50 cm. If the wall is not level, it is better to reduce the step to 30 cm.

Video on the topic

Today we will talk about how to attach a cable channel to the wall with your own hands. In fact, installing an electrical plastic box is not difficult at all. The main thing is to choose the right mounting method, depending on how the walls in the house or apartment are represented. Next we will look at everything existing options installation and will provide several important nuances that will allow you to properly secure the cable duct to the wall.

Method No. 1 - Self-tapping screws

If you decide to perform either an apartment with plasterboard partitions, then the installation of the cable channel must be done with special wood screws. The fastening step depends on what load will occur on plastic box, or rather, how many wires need to be stretched inside, and what their cross-section is. Typically, to securely secure the cable duct to wooden wall or plasterboard, it is enough to screw screws every 40-50 cm. If the walls are uneven, it is better to reduce the fastening step, this will hide all defects and gaps.

You should not choose to install the cable duct with your own hands too long screws. To securely fix the box in the wall, it will be enough to screw in fasteners about 40 mm long. For screwing, it is best to use a screwdriver with a Phillips bit. We talked about that for home repairs in the corresponding article!

Method No. 2 – Dowel-nails

If you need to attach a cable duct to a concrete or brick wall, which is a typical situation for an apartment and a house, you can’t do without dowel-nails, also called “ quick installation" In addition, for fastening you will need a hammer drill with a 6 mm drill. So, in order to independently secure an electrical cable box on a wall made of concrete or brick, you need to perform the following steps:

1. Pre-drill 6 mm holes in the bottom of the cable channel every 40-50 cm.
2. Attach the box to the wall according to the markings (more on this later) and mark the drilling points that coincide with the finished holes in the cable channel.
3. Drill holes according to the marks on the wall.
4. Place the plastic box and drive the dowels into the appropriate places.
5. Hammer the nails.

Following these simple instructions, you can install the cable duct yourself in a wall made of concrete or brick. We draw your attention to one very important point– do not drill holes with a drill while leaning the box against the wall. When drilling plastic, the impact mode can provoke the appearance of cracks, which will have a negative impact both from the visual side and from the durability of the finished wiring.

Detailed video instructions for installation work

Method No. 3 – “Screws with a press washer”

If there is a need to attach a cable duct to metal with a thickness of less than 2 mm or aluminum profile, then for fastening we advise you to use metal screws, also called “bugs”. By the way correct name bedbugs - self-tapping screws with a press washer. They do not require pre-drilling a hole. There is nothing difficult about installing an electrical box on a metal surface; the main thing is to choose good screws and charge the screwdriver.

There is also a special gun with which you can independently attach the cable duct to concrete. Video provided detailed description installation:

We fasten the product with a gun

Method No. 4 – Liquid nails

Well last method fastening the cable channel in an apartment or house - on special glue"liquid Nails". The need to glue the cable channel to the wall arises if another installation option is not possible. Most often, liquid nails are used when installing electrical boxes on bathroom tiles or a smooth metal surface. However, it is unlikely that it will be possible to secure the box well with glue alone. The adhesive mixture is often used as an additional fixation option. It can be combined with self-tapping screws or even quick installation.

There are very important nuance fastening the cable channel with glue - first you must apply the adhesive mixture to the surface of the box, and then lean it against the wall according to the markings. As soon as they leaned back wall to the wall, remove it and wait a few minutes for the glue to thicken a little on both surfaces to be glued. After the liquid nails “grab” at least a little, press the cable channel against the wall as hard as possible, the main thing is not to break it. Like this in a simple way You can attach the cable channel with glue yourself.

So, so that you can correctly and at the same time quickly install the cable channel, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following nuances settings:

Electrical wiring is of two types - hidden and open. In the first case, the wires are placed inside the wall and hidden by the finishing coating - plaster, wallpaper, panels, etc. In the second, they are attached to the wall, which makes it possible to find a breakdown, replace the wire or make wiring at any time. But in order for exposed wiring to look neat, and for pets to not risk getting an electric shock if they want to taste the cable, it is necessary to create some kind of protection. For this purpose, there is a special fitting on sale called a cable channel, and in this article we will analyze in detail all the intricacies of its installation.

If the apartment has open wiring, then the wires are located on the surface of the walls, pass under the ceiling or near the floor. Of course, this does not mean that they should be nailed to wallpaper or tiles and left in that form. To hide the wires, you need to install a special protective box - cable channel.

This solution has a lot of advantages, starting with the fact that you will need less time to organize the wiring, ending with quick and simple repair faulty area. In addition, with open wiring, you can make an additional electrical point or draw another line at any time. Wires hidden in the cable channel look neat and do not pose a danger to children and pets.

However, open wiring also has its disadvantages. One of the most noticeable is the reduction free space. If there is a cable duct on the wall or near the floor, you will not be able to move the furniture close. Certainly, we're talking about only about a couple of centimeters, but for apartments with a modest square footage this can become a problem. Also open wiring will be fine not for every interior - the strict outlines of the protective box give the room a certain “office” feel, and look ridiculous on expensive wallpaper and among exquisite furniture.

The width of the cable channel should allow any wire to be hidden in it, but the best option There will be products with flexible stranded cores. Flexible cables are much easier to lay in a longitudinal groove and bend at the corners.

The cable channel consists of side walls and a back connecting them. The open part is closed with a special lid with latches and a double lock. There are many types of wire ducts, differing in shape, size and material from which they are made. They can be U-shaped, round, triangular and even curved in shape. There may be partitions inside that form grooves for individual cables.

Most often, cable channels are made and sold in 2 m long sections. But in order to hide open wiring It’s not enough to just buy them - you need to purchase a whole set of related fittings - corner and rotary inserts, plugs, socket modules, etc.

Select cable channel

As we have already said, cable channels vary in shape, structure and material from which they are made. Thus, you can find steel, plastic and aluminum products on the market.

Let's look at each option in more detail:

Installation of cable channel

Installation depends on technical characteristics channel cable and its location. In this chapter we will talk about the installation of wall and floor models.

Preparatory work

Regardless of the model of the selected cable channel, work should begin with calculations. First of all, determine how much material you will need and what the range will be. To do this, create a plan of the apartment or individual rooms where the installation will take place.

Each wall must be displayed separately and in such a way that the route of the cable channel, all accessories that will be needed for installation and its footage can be clearly seen. Be sure to include the outlets and appliances that you will connect to them in your plan. The cable channel can be placed at any level – even in the center of the wall. There are no strict requirements here, so you can use it to your advantage by fitting it into the interior.

Before installation, you should make sure that the walls are even and prepare them properly, especially if you will be attaching the cable channel with glue. This is the fastest installation method, but it requires ideal flat surface. There are also restrictions on the size of the channel - only small models, containing no more than 3 wires.

If the wall has differences, is roughly plastered or is completely devoid of finishing coating(bare concrete or brickwork), you can secure the cable channel using dowels. This fastening method is quite labor-intensive, but it is the most reliable and is suitable even for heavy casings with “armfuls” of wires inside. For plasterboard walls It is recommended to use butterfly dowels, and they can be attached to wooden surfaces with screws or regular nails.

Once you have decided on the fasteners, you can begin marking the wall. To do this, use a simple pencil to place a point at the channel installation level (usually 30-40 cm from the floor). Apply a meter rule to this point and level it. You can also use an indicator cord or laser for this. Draw a line or beat it off with a cord, walking along all the walls where the wiring will be attached.

Installation of wall cable channel

If you chose self-tapping screws as fasteners, they should be installed at a certain interval, depending on the load on the cable channel. The load, in turn, is determined by the number of wires inside. For secure fixation on drywall or wooden surface It is better to screw in screws every 40-50 cm. When uneven walls It is recommended to reduce the step to mask flaws and gaps.

If you have to work with concrete wall or brickwork, it is better to install the cable channel using dowels. To do this you will need a hammer drill with a 6mm diameter bit. Dowels are installed in increments of 40-50 cm, but if the weight of the cable channel is large, the distance is reduced.

Progress:

If the cable channel for wires needs to be installed on thin metal up to 2 mm or an aluminum profile, it is better to choose bugs as fasteners - special screws for metal. The installation principle is exactly the same as in the case of dowels. The video below shows in detail how to attach the cable channel to the wall:

The simplest and in a fast way fastenings are liquid nails - a special super-strong construction adhesive. You can use them if none of the above installation methods are suitable. Often, the adhesive method is used to install cable ducts in the bathroom on tiles or metal surfaces. The disadvantage is that the adhesive mixture does not have good adhesion to these materials and is more used as a fixation enhancer.

Rules for attaching the cable channel to glue:

1. Make markings on the wall.
2. Apply a thin bead of glue to the back of the box.
3. Lean the box against the wall according to the markings.
4. Once you have the back wall leaned against it, move it back and wait a minute or two to allow the liquid nails to become more viscous on both surfaces.
5. When the glue “sets” a little, press the cable channel against the wall with great force, but do not break it.
6. Hold it in this position for 30 seconds, then install the next segment in a similar way.

Floor cable channel

This type of cable channels deserves special attention. Such products allow you to hide any wires completely unnoticed without the risk of spoiling the interior design. All thanks to the fact that the design of the cable channel is combined with the baseboard. After installing a new floor covering, instead of regular baseboards, you can choose those that have special grooves for wires. This way, you will solve two problems at once and will not overload the interior with unnecessary details.

Advantage of floor cable channel:

1. Sufficient flexibility of the plastic product allows you to work even with uneven walls.
2. You can choose any color flooring or wall decoration.
3. Possibility of repeated use with careful installation and dismantling.
4. It's easy to hide wires in it, and you don't even have to remove the baseboard - you can just bend the edge and squeeze the cable in there.
5. The weight of the cable channel does not matter since it rests on the floor.
6. Low cost compared to conventional wooden skirting boards and metal cable ducts.

Before installing such a plinth, it is also necessary to make markings on the floor and walls, taking into account the dimensions of the cable channel. To calculate how many meters of product you will need for one room, measure total area(multiply width by length) and subtract width from it doorways. To the result obtained, add 9%, which will go to trimmings. Count the number of corners - they will require special connecting parts.

Contrary to popular belief, plastic skirting boards with cable channels they are attached not to the floor, but to the wall. Installation is carried out according to the same scenarios as for wall products - with dowels, screws or liquid nails(depending on the wall material).

Start installation internal cable The channel should be placed from the corner in the most visible part of the room, trying to use solid profiles.

Progress:

We described general principles, how to install a cable channel, and we hope that they will help you make neat open wiring in your apartment. When it comes to installing wire protection outdoors, use only galvanized fasteners to prevent them from rusting.

In production, technical and administrative premises do hidden wiring in an array of fences is expensive, and sometimes technically infeasible. There is only one way out - to arrange external gasket electrical communications over walls and ceilings. Electrical installation rules (PUE) prohibit the installation of cables open method indoors. This applies to the internal spaces of buildings and structures with increased level humidity. Electrical boxes decide this problem. The article covers the topic of how to attach a cable channel to a wall.

Why do you need a cable channel?

Otherwise, the product is called an electrical box. Its main function is to protect cables and wires from external negative impacts. The aesthetic side of the issue is important, because it is not very pleasant to see a chaotic accumulation of wires and cables on the walls of the room.

Installation of cable channels groups wire communications according to their purpose. Placed in one channel power cable, and in the other they are placed low current wires. Multi-channel boxes can carry conductors to the distribution node. Then single-channel or double-channel boxes are led out from the node in the required directions.

Advantages of cable channels

The generally accepted name for communications laid in boxes is open electrical wiring, which is not true. It is better to call such a system closed external electrical wiring.

Closed external electrical wiring has a number of advantages:

• ease of installation of cable channels;
• laying various types of communications in large quantities;
• inexpensive and fast communication to consumers;
• wide selection of product sizes and colors;
• unobstructed access to wiring along the length of communications.

Types of cable channels

Industry building materials issues a wide range of cable channels. Among them, 7 types of structures should be noted:

• rigid wall PVC boxes;
• soft vinyl cable channels;
• galvanized steel and aluminum boxes;
• corrugation;
• floor channels - baseboards;
• ceiling cornices - fillets;
• movable chain cable channels.

Rigid wall PVC boxes

These are popular designs. The longitudinal edges of the box and the lid with grooves and projections form a locking system. After laying the cables and wires, the channel is snapped into place with the outer panel.

PVC boxes are produced with both one-sided and double-sided snap panels. The two-way system is much more reliable. Cable channels are sold in the form of two-meter strips. They offer to purchase corner fittings for them. These are parts that cover the internal and external corners of the cable route.

To lay the cable channel route, you will need the following tools and materials:

1. Ruler and tape measure;
2. Marker or pencil;
3. Laser level;
4. Hammer;
5. Hammer;
6. Hacksaw or angle saw with saw blade;
7. Cable channels;
8. Corner fittings;
9. Dowels.

Installation of PVC boxes

Installation PVC cable channels occurs in stages. The actions are performed sequentially:

1. Mark the cable route on the walls using a pencil, ruler and tape measure;
2. The laser level controls the horizon and vertical markings;
3. Using a saw or miter machine, cut the strips of boxes into the required installation sections;
4. Applying a section of the box along the marking line, drill holes in the wall with a hammer drill through the plastic. The holes are made at a distance of 300-400 mm from each other, depending on the massiveness of the wiring. At corners of turns, the distances between nearest holes are halved;
5. Dowels are driven into the holes with a hammer to attach the channels to concrete walls. Electrical wiring is placed in the box;
6. The corners of turns are covered with fitting covers;
7. The top panel is installed on the box, snapping the locks;
8. Remove dust and dirt from the surface of protective structures.

Important! If you need to run a cable from a room to an adjacent room, then a through hole is drilled through the box in the partition. On the side of the adjacent room, a cable channel is installed at the same height from the floor. The hole goes outside this channel. The cable is routed through the opening into the adjacent room.

Soft Vinyl Cable Channels

Boxes from this material began to be made relatively recently. Thanks to its flexibility, the box easily bends around internal and external corners.

Vinyl products do not require the installation of additional corner and other fittings. Fastening channels to the wall is done in the same way as installing rigid PVC products. Lock system are easily fixed and at the same time provide a strong connection between the box and the lid.

Cable channels from flexible material convenient to use not only in technical and utility rooms, but also in living rooms.

Galvanized steel and aluminum boxes

In their design, metal cable channels are not much different from PVC products. Metal is more durable and durable material than plastic.

Note! Electrical boxes made of metal are much more reliable, but also much more expensive. plastic products.

Corrugation

The cable channel is fastened to the corrugated wall using special clips. Holes are made according to the markings using a puncher. Through the mounting opening of the clip, a dowel is driven into the hole. Flexible hose snaps into place with clip brackets. Corrugated pipes there are different diameters and can hold quite a large number of wires at the same time.

Special distribution boxes divide the wires into different directions, laid in other corrugated shells. Flexible cable channels are used in utility rooms, technical rooms and workshops.

Additional Information. The advantage of flexible boxes is that installing a corrugated cable channel allows you to replace one cable or several wires without disturbing the position of other communications.

Floor channels - skirting boards

At the end of the last century, they went on sale universal designs skirting boards. The internal space of plastic products began to be used as cable channels.

On sale you can find floor products of various colors and structures with internal channels for laying cables. Mostly inner space Floor cornices are used to place television or Internet cables.

The fastening systems for external panels-covers of skirting boards differ in the shape of the locks. This can be a completely removable strip between the vertical and horizontal shelves of the plinth, or a longitudinal U-shaped core in cross section can be removed.

To secure the baseboards, dowels are driven through the vertical shelf of the product into the wall. They are hammered into recesses pre-made with a hammer drill in the wall. On internal and external corners routes from the plinth are installed special plastic corners. After laying the communications, the wires are covered with a longitudinal panel, snapping the locks.

Ceiling cornices - fillets

Ceiling cornices that cover the corners where the walls meet the ceiling are called fillets. Most often, the same skirting boards with internal channels are used as fillets. Fastening fillets is no different from installing floor cornices.

Along the perimeter of the ceiling in the walls, mounting holes are made with a puncher in increments of 300 mm. Hammering the dowels in with a hammer secures the fillets. After laying the communications, the ceiling boxes are covered with longitudinal panels-lids.

Movable chain cable channels

Recently, mobile cable channels have appeared. The products are used to protect wired communications connected to complex mechanisms, parts of which perform reciprocating movements.

The movement of a chain cable channel resembles the movement of the tracks of an all-terrain vehicle or a tank. The product is made of high-strength wear-resistant plastic. Each section of the traction chain can be opened and any section of communications can be checked.

The movement of the cable chain duct does not cause any noise. The shape of the traction chain sections is similar to the track track. The material of the products consists mainly of high-strength nylon, is flexible and can withstand high tensile loads.

Various home-grown designs of cable channels are known. Basically, they are quite primitive and may be far from safe. Products need to be purchased only from factory-made ones.

Video

Cable channels- are they plastic or metal boxes for hidden or open laying of wires and cables. Can be used both outdoors and indoors. They are also called cable trays and boxes, sometimes the word “electrotechnical” is added.

Consists of a body and a cover. The cross-section is mainly rectangular and square, but there are others, more specific. The body can be solid, or perforated. Perforated housings are rarely needed, for better ventilation and faster cooling. In this article we will talk about how to attach a cable channel to your wall in the house.

Fastening the cable channel to the wall using self-tapping screws.

If you decide to install a cable channel in wooden house or an apartment with plasterboard partitions, then installation must be done with special wood screws. The fastening step depends on what load will be placed on the plastic box, or more precisely, how many wires need to be stretched inside, and what their cross-section is.

As a rule, to securely fasten a cable channel to a wooden wall or drywall, it is enough to screw screws every 40-50 cm. If the walls are uneven, it is better to reduce the fastening step, this will hide all defects and gaps.

You should not choose too long self-tapping screws for installing the cable channel. To securely fix the box in the wall, it will be enough to screw in fasteners about 40 mm long. For screwing, it is best to use a screwdriver with a Phillips bit.

Fastening the cable channel to dowel-nails.

You will need the following tools:

• Hammer.
• Dowel-nails.
• Sharp knife.
• Level and pencil.
• Screwdriver.

To begin, draw a straight line on the wall (ceiling) (for walls at a level) and prepare dowel-nails for work, from which you need to cut off the plastic cap sharp knife. This is done so that the channel fits tightly to the wall. We will use a concrete drill with a diameter of 6 mm and, accordingly, dowel-nails No. 6.

Next, attach the cable channel to the line and punch it with a hammer drill, going deeper into the wall to the length of the dowel. Insert the cut plastic insert and screw the dowel-nail with a screwdriver until it stops. The next attachment point is located 40-50 cm, the extreme one 5-7 cm from the edge of the box. Insert the wire into the channel and snap the cover on.

How to attach a cable channel with glue (liquid nails).

Fastening with glue is not very reliable; it is used where others cannot be used, for example, for fastening to tiles. You can combine it with others - with fastening with self-tapping screws or dowels with nails.

To glue the box to the wall, glue is applied to it in a zigzag line, then pressed against the wall along the markings so that the glue is imprinted on the surface, and removed. After a few minutes, when the liquid nails have set a little (the time depends on specific type glue, this can be read in the instructions on the package), the box is pressed tightly against the wall again.

Remember that dismantling a cable channel glued to the wall with liquid air without damaging the coating or the electrical box itself is impossible. The cable can only be laid after the adhesive has completely hardened.

Fastening the cable channel to metal.

If there is a need to attach a cable channel to metal less than 2 mm thick or an aluminum profile, then we advise you to use metal screws, also called “bugs,” for fastening. There is nothing difficult about installing an electrical box on a metal surface; the main thing is to choose good screws and charge the screwdriver.

Classification of cable channels.

Depending on the room, the schematic arrangement of the wiring lines and the number of wires in them, it is recommended to use boxes various types.

Main cable channel options:

• Pipe-based channels, further divided into horizontal and vertical. Similar channels will also include subchannels. The term “conduit” is used quite often;
• Box. PUE, clause 2.1.10 defines a box as a closed hollow structure of rectangular or other cross-section, intended for laying wires and cables in it. Boxes can be blind or with openable lids, with solid or perforated walls and lids. Blind boxes should have only solid walls on all sides and no lids.
• Trays. PUE, clause 2.1.11 defines the tray as open design, intended for laying wires and cables on it. The tray does not protect against external mechanical damage to the wires and cables laid on it. Trays must be made of fireproof materials. They can be solid, perforated or lattice;
• Channels for laying cable harnesses, most often made on the basis of various types of discrete fastenings (brackets).

Channel cable size chart:

Separately, we note that installation external electrical wiring is carried out last, after all finishing work has been completed.