Raspberries in the garden, from planting raspberries to harvesting, useful tips. HOW to pick raspberries correctly? Medium ripening

The raspberry, bright and aromatic, attracts attention with its high taste and healing properties. It is useful for adults and children; its systematic use enriches the body with vitamins and microelements; even a couple of spoons of raspberry jam a day throughout the winter can prevent the occurrence of colds or infection viral infections. Raspberries are found in almost every garden suburban area, attractive to gardeners is its unpretentiousness, ability to produce crops in the year of planting, and bear fruit until late autumn.

Planting raspberries - how to choose the right site

To determine the best place to plant raspberries, you can observe where they grow in wildlife. These are forest clearings and open forests, edges, i.e. places are well lit, in winter period Snow drifts accumulate on them, providing excellent wintering for plants. Similar conditions should be created for the raspberries that will be planted in the garden.

The best option would be to plant bushes compactly in a corner of the garden, on an area protected from strong winds, with fairly good sunlight. When choosing a location, you should also focus on areas with deep burial (more than 1.5 m) groundwater- raspberries will not tolerate waterlogged soil.

Get good result It will not succeed even if the area of ​​the site is swampy or saline. Poor fruiting will be observed on heavy clay soils. You can determine in advance the suitability of a site for planting raspberries by how any of them grow on it. fruit trees, their normal development- a guarantee that the raspberry bushes will also be comfortable.

It is not recommended to plant raspberries on the southern slopes of the hills - such places warm up well during thaws in winter, long thaws and warming up of the roots help reduce the winter hardiness of the plant, with the return of frost, especially if the temperature drops below -20 C, heated plants can suffer greatly - more frostbite may occur. parts of shoots.

Beginning gardeners should note that when frequent watering With a small amount of water, plants will form surface roots; with rare and abundant watering, the part of the root system located in the deep layers of the soil will be more actively formed.

To prepare the area for planting you will need:

• remove everything from it weeds along with rhizomes,
• apply organic and mineral fertilizers,
• dig up the entire area,
• destroy the beetle larvae found in the soil.

Experienced gardeners advise as organic fertilizers use activated compost.

The hole in which the bush will be planted should have a diameter of about 30 cm and a depth of 30-35 cm. Before planting, it is filled with a mixture of humus, manure, rotten straw and leaves by about half. If several bushes are unlikely to be planted, then you can dig not individual holes, but a trench and add fertilizer to it. This method of planting is even more effective - raspberry roots grow quickly and can take up quite a large space- within a radius of about 2 m around the bush, it’s good if most of it is fertilized.

If the soils are sandy and very poor, then it is recommended to dig a ditch half a meter wide and the same depth, fill it with a mixture of soil with nutritional components: humus, residues last year's foliage, twigs, it will be able to provide more complete nutrition to plants through the growing in its thickness root system. The bottom of the ditch, to retain moisture, can be covered with a 2-3 cm layer of red clay.

At increased acidity When digging, up to 200 grams of fluff lime can be added to the soil per 1 sq. m of raspberry tree area. Wood ash added to the soil will also be useful.

It is best to plant raspberries in the fall, in late September - early October. In this case, it will have time to take root well, and in early spring it will be ready for full development and active growth. If planting raspberries is planned for spring, then this should be done earlier, when the condition of the thawed soil allows.

The recommended row spacing, regardless of whether the bushes are planted singly or in a common trench, should be about one and a half meters, the distance between the bushes is about 0.5-0.7 m. It is recommended to deepen the seedling into the ground about 5-7 cm deeper what he grew up on previous place. This point is not difficult to determine; the part of the stem located above the ground surface has a different color and the border is visible quite clearly.

Before planting, the roots of each seedling are straightened, carefully placed in a moistened hole, covered with soil, and trampled down. Then it’s time to water, it is recommended to pour at least 10 liters of water under each bush. After the water is absorbed, the ground should be covered with a layer of mulch, which can be used as fallen pine needles, straw, peat or humus.

Mulch will be effective if its layer is about 6-8 cm thick. It is advisable to lay a 10 cm layer of mulch between rows - this will allow:

• maintain soil looseness throughout this season,
• prevent active evaporation of moisture,
• inhibit the emergence and growth of weeds.

Planted bushes should be pruned to 25-30 cm. It is impossible to cut off shoots completely - substances accumulated by the plant that promote the growth of the root system are stored in their lower part, in addition, low pruning can inhibit the appearance of replacement shoots, which will ultimately lead to the death of the plant.

When planting raspberries in autumn, the plants are earthed up, and the stem is covered at least 10 cm deep. This simple procedure will help preserve all the lower buds.

When and how to prune raspberries

Raspberry fruiting begins on two-year-old shoots: the shoots grow actively in the first year, and flower buds are laid in the fall. At the end of fruiting, they begin to dry out. Drying shoots should be removed not seasonally, but as they appear. Cleaning the bushes in summer will ensure more active growth of young shoots, which are called replacement shoots.

With the onset of spring, one-year-old shoots will need to be cut by 15-20 cm. In this case, they are guided by the location of the first large bud from above. Shortening the shoots causes more active branching and promotes the formation of larger berries. Second positive point- shortening the branches makes them more stable and they will not bend to the ground under the weight of the filling fruits.

Subject to complete removal overwintered in spring, but with damage and weak shoots. In the fall, all fruit-bearing shoots must be completely removed.

What to consider when choosing a method for growing raspberries

Today there are four methods of growing raspberries:

• tape, when the width of the plantings reaches 30-40 cm,
• nesting, with placement in rows of single bushes,
• on trellises,
• without the use of shoot garters.

Tape option cultivation involves the formation of a wide strip of shoots, formed by root shoots mother bushes. Depending on the branching activity of the shoots and height, their number is regulated: it is desirable that the remaining number of shoots makes it possible to obtain maximum amount fruits, while allowing each branch to receive enough sunlight and warmth.

Because the modern varieties Since raspberries have significant differences in the height of fruit branches, their number and branching, the formation of ribbons from shoots should be approached taking into account the characteristics of each variety.

Nesting method usually used if the beds are very small. A separate peg is used to tie each bush. The recommended distance between bushes is one and a half meters, but it can increase depending on the length of the shoots that the planted variety produces. It is not difficult to care for such plantings; problems may arise if there is heavy rain during the fruiting period - the bushes are poorly ventilated and the berries inside them may become affected by mold.

When growing raspberries on trellises with a narrow ribbon seedlings are planted in a row at a given distance, and a certain distance between rows is also maintained. The method will require installing supports along each row and making a trellis, which is usually a well-tensioned metal wire.

Care consists of:

• in the uniform distribution of replacement shoots along the wire,
• removing fruit-bearing branches at the level of the ground surface - it will no longer be possible to get berries from them, but thicken the bush and take part of it nutrients they will,
• removing excess root growth using a sharp shovel or pruning shears - a large amount of it can significantly reduce the yield.

Growing raspberries is the least effective in practice. without garter:

• shoots form dense thickets,
• branches with the harvest lie on the ground, thereby causing spoilage of the berries,
• strong shading reduces the possibility of budding on shoots.

If, when growing the same large-fruited variety on trellises, you can get about 200 kg of berries, then when you tie it to stakes, the yield will decrease by about 3 times, and when grown without a tie, by 6 times.

Growing raspberries - secrets from experienced gardeners that will help you get high yields

Gardeners who have recently started growing raspberries often complain about failures:

• berries are damaged by insects,
• bushes grow poorly, or vice versa,
• The shoots grow extremely actively, but do not bear fruit.

In this case, the variety is usually blamed, and attempts are made to replace the plants with new ones. But before taking radical measures, you should analyze the reason; perhaps it’s not the variety at all, but the Not proper care?

caring for raspberries - timing of fertilizing and watering

To ensure the active development and fruiting of the raspberry bush, it should be provided with nutrients and water. Therefore, a mandatory procedure should be to add a sufficient amount of organic and mineral fertilizers. The main ones are potassium and nitrogen; phosphorus should not exceed 1/3 of the added potassium and nitrogen. Feeding with slurry can be done:

• the first - during the period of bud break,
• the second - in 10 days,
• the third - after another 2 weeks.

After fruiting, the plant will also need to replenish nutrients. During this period, you can use liquid fertilizers with the following composition:

• potassium sulfate - 15 g,
• double superphosphate - 30 g,
• water - 10 l.

As a top dressing, you can use a solution of nitroammophoska, mullein, diluted in a ratio of 1:6, chicken manure, diluted 1:12. First, the plant is watered abundantly, then nutrient mixtures are added, about 2 liters for each bush.

For normal fruiting during the season, you will need to perform 3-4 fertilizing and 6-7 full waterings. Watering should be carried out throughout the season, in a timely manner, in quantities that allow the soil to be kept moist.

It is also useful to add wood obtained from hardwood, ash in the amount of 200 g per 1 sq.m. area.

growing raspberries - how to loosen the soil correctly

Loosening the beds with the onset of the first spring after planting is carried out at the most early dates- so as not to harm the emerging root shoots. The depth of loosening in rows should be about 6-8 cm, in row spacing - up to 12 cm. Weeding can be repeated several times during the summer, as a crust forms after watering and germination weeds, but the maximum loosening depth should not exceed 5 cm.

Before wintering, the area is dug up - in rows to a depth of 10 cm, in row spacing - to 15 cm. Care must be taken that the skeletal roots of plants are not damaged during digging; it is best to dig not with a shovel, but with a pitchfork. Throughout the season, shoots should be constantly removed, only planted bushes should remain. Thickening of planting also leads to crushing of fruits, because shoots formed from the roots can take up to 50% of nutrients and moisture from plants.

The best option is to leave about 7 replacement shoots for each bush - this will allow you to get fairly large berries during each harvest.

Experts say that raspberry bushes are not prone to complete degeneration, but the root buds on them can mutate, usually for the worse. You can notice this negative phenomenon during flowering - the sepals will not be elongated. Advice - such bushes should be completely removed - large-fruited varieties should initially have elongated sepals. For remontant varieties raspberries, this change is not significant.

wintering features

Since it is almost impossible to predict how cold the winter will be, when growing raspberries in the middle zone, you will need to take care of them. reliable protection from frostbite.

Such a simple technique as bending the shoots to the ground and securing them above the ground surface, using available means (boards, logs, metal staples) will allow you to cover the raspberry field with a layer of snow half a meter thick in winter without any problems. Bushes prepared in this way are practically not susceptible to frostbite; in practice, it has been proven that they can withstand even the harsh Siberian winters. Raspberries should be opened when the threat of late frost has passed.

harvest

The berries of the first raspberry harvest begin to ripen at the end of June.

This happens over the course of a month. Since raspberries are distinguished by very delicate fruits not intended for long-term storage, then the berries should be harvested systematically, as they ripen, without keeping them on the stems.

Raspberry breeding

If you want to breed new varieties of raspberries, you will have to buy seedlings. It is best to contact specialized nurseries - planting material there's enough there high quality.

If the area is already grown suitable varieties, then you can use the vegetative propagation method and use bushes formed from root shoots. In addition, you can do the usual division of the bush into several parts, but for this you should choose the most powerful bushes. Shoots for transplantation should be selected that have a shoot thickness of more than 1 cm and a sponge-like, dense root system.

The productive period of raspberry bushes ranges from 12 to 20 years, while the characteristics of the raspberry variety, proper care, frost resistance and quality of soil cultivation play a role.

Material prepared by:

Deputy executive director Association of Gardeners of Russia (APYAPM), leading specialist of the Association of Gardeners and Nurseries (ASP-RUS) on berry crops

Shchekotova L.A.
Candidate of Biological Sciences, scientific consultant of the ASP-RUS Association

Danilova T.A.
Specialist of the Association ASP-RUS, student of MichSAU

Using material from J. Ciesielska – E. Malusa

Raspberry productivity and fruit harvesting

Black raspberry variety – Glen Glova

Raspberry yield per production sites can reach up to 15-16 t/ha when cultivating highly productive varieties such as Molling-Exploid and Zeva. The average yield is 10-12 t/ha, produced by such varieties as Glen-Glova, Glen-Moy. Remontant varieties have a yield of 3 to 10 t/ha, on average 5-6 t/ha. The most high yields obtained where there is sufficient water supply in August, during the period of flowering and fruit ripening.

Raspberries can be cultivated in one place for 10-15 years, but the commercially significant period does not exceed 7-8 years, after which there is a significant decrease in yield due to the spread of viruses.

Approximately 30-40 days after flowering, the fruits begin to ripen, become soft, and are easily separated from the fruit. At this stage of ripening, the fruits require careful handling; they remain in good condition within a few days after harvest, if they are more long time are on the plant - they lose appearance, soften, become very susceptible to rot. Even insolation during the ripening period can damage the fruits, making them pale and watery.

A special box with high legs for collecting raspberries

The red raspberry harvest period lasts 4-6 weeks, starting in June - the earliest ripening varieties ripen, and late varieties ripen at the end of August, the main harvest is harvested in July. Fruit ripening on the plantation is extended, but for each variety the period of mass harvest corresponds to the period of fruit ripening in the middle part of the shoot. Harvesting should be done every 2-3 days to obtain good quality fruits But you can collect fruits every day during the period of mass ripening, especially on days with high temperature air. The frequency of collection depends on the variety. Varieties with tender, juicy fruits and with friendly ripening can be collected quite easily and quickly, for example, these are Glen Ampl, Lashka, Norna, Ross, Latham. At the same time, the fruits of such varieties as September, clones of Jewel, Glen-Glova and other new breeding forms can be harvested over a longer period of time. In some varieties - Viten and September, the fruits, although red, are difficult to separate from the fruit stem; they must be left on the bush for at least one more day.

Glen Ample – traditional, industrial grade raspberries

The Primocanes variety is characterized by a long period harvest - 6-7 weeks, and more uniform ripening of fruits - from the beginning of August until the first autumn frosts.

Raspberries, which are hand-picked, have the color characteristic of the variety and are free from rot, are intended for consumption in fresh or for freezing. Rejected fruits are processed for the production of juices and jams.

Berries of a photoneutral raspberry variety – Polyana

Scientists have tried to find more objective criteria for determining optimal time picking fruits, but in practice they use a more practical and very subjective approach - fruit color and tear strength. French researchers have developed a scale in which five stages of distinguishable color changes are used to determine the direction of crop use. The color change occurs in two stages: the first, in which there are pigments and the fruit changes color from white to pink-red (stages S1-S2), the second - degradation and oxidation, the appearance of dark red and red-violet pigments (stages S3, S4 and S5). According to this scale, it is recommended to harvest the fruits at stages S2-S3, when they are easily separated from the fruit. For goods that will be exported, it is necessary to harvest at the S2 stage of fruit ripening and store the fruits properly, since color degradation occurs quickly, especially for fruits stored at room temperature.

Doctor of Agriculture Sciences Muhanin I.V. demonstrates raspberries collected in cardboard boxes

Raspberries are mostly picked entirely by hand, as the fruit is very delicate and must be handled very carefully. Picking berries is a labor-intensive process, but it is a crucial step for every grower. The picker can collect from 15 to 45 kg of fruits per working day, depending on the degree of fruiting, the purpose of the product and cultivation technology.

After picking, berries should be placed in containers with a capacity of 100-250 g as quickly as possible, even if they are intended for freezing, especially when individual system freezing (IQF). When manually picking, it is very useful to have tables on which containers with raspberries are placed in baskets or boxes made of plastic or paper; it is advisable that the platform moves along the row behind the pickers. Another option is used, in which the box or basket is secured to the collector using aluminum straps. The filled container is left in the shade of the bushes. Fruits with noticeable defects - berry shape, size or color are used for the preparation of jams, concentrates, natural juices or frozen in containers larger capacity— 2-5 kg. For both types of harvesting, it is important to load within a short time - no more than 3-4 hours, then there should be no manipulation or shaking, which significantly reduces the quality of the fruit.

Tall stands for boxes used when picking raspberries

In a number of countries, advanced harvesting technologies are used (USA, Denmark, Scotland, New Zealand) - mechanized harvesting is being introduced. In fact, if there are not enough workers, mechanized harvesting is the main condition for expanding the production of this crop. This method is widespread in the USA: for example, in the states of Oregon and Washington, about 85% of red raspberries are harvested by combine, but the further path of the product determines its quality - such fruits are processed.

Harvesting raspberries using a trailed combine harvester

To make a decision on the widespread use of machine technology for picking fruits, the plantation must be specially prepared. The machine must have a passage on each side of the raspberry line. Plants in a row should be the same height, shoots should not bend towards the ground. To level the height of the plants, the upper part of the shoots, collecting them in bunches, is shortened by 15-30 cm.

With a combine, the fruits are removed by shaking (the Littau combine, developed in the USA, and Danpluk) or using vertical vibrating drums with teeth (Pattenden, created in Scotland, and Braud Vectur - made in France). Vertical drum fruit pickers pick up fruit branches by vibrating teeth mounted on a rotating drum. In shakers, the fruit stalks are separated from the fruit by shaking. The fruits are collected in the machine tray and then transferred to the sorting table. The harvest is harvested using these two types of combines, and to control the products you need from 5 to 7 people, depending on the purpose of the product (processing or using whole fresh fruits).

Berry harvester

Recently, a Peco machine has been developed in New Zealand, which harvests only half the row; new system agriculture (Lincoln Canopy System). Fruiting shoots should be inclined horizontally on both sides of the row, their position should be fixed on a wire stretched 50 cm from the ground, while new shoots should remain free growing. At the top of the machine there are vertical blades that shake the branches, and at the bottom there is a conveyor belt, along which the fruits fall into containers. This harvester does not damage the suckers, and the harvested fruits are of high quality, which allows them to be consumed fresh or used for freezing (IQF). Another positive aspect is the ability to collect fruits in the absence of pickers and in mountainous areas. However, despite low cost machines required high costs labor to install the trellis, and the plantings should be planted with varieties that have strong growing shoots.

O.V. Zhbanov on an industrial raspberry plantation of the photoneutral variety Polyana

Factors limiting the introduction of mechanized raspberry harvesting are associated with crop losses, damage to shoots and limited service life of plantings. For this type of harvesting, it is necessary to select varieties characterized by easy fruit detachment. In addition, it is important to have variety in the length of the shoots, including varieties with powerful shoots, on which the fruits ripen more easily. During mechanized harvesting, damage to plantings can be caused - annual shoots may be damaged. Possibility of use mechanical means should be assessed based on economic analysis.

A combine harvester harvests 0.2 - 0.5 hectares in 1 hour, depending on the type of machine, the number of fruits on the plants and the quality of the grown product. In accordance with the instructions, the process of collecting fruits from 1 hectare can take 30-70 hours. The productivity of one picker is 6-20 acres per season, with another 5-7 people working with him. Based on analysis economic activity producers in France showed that the economic efficiency of mechanized raspberry harvesting is still lower, this conclusion was made by economists. Combine harvesting becomes economically feasible if you extend the period of its use for harvesting fruits of other crops.

High quality raspberries

The fruits of black and purple raspberries ripen much more quickly than those of red raspberries, so the harvest is completed within 1-2 weeks. To do this, you need to carry out 2-3 harvests to collect the main harvest; the fruits of these forms of raspberries are less damaged, even if they are very ripe. In the United States, where these types of raspberries are widespread and the berries are used mainly for processing, harvesting is carried out using combines.

How to pick raspberries correctly? What conditions are necessary for storing raspberries?

IN middle lane In Russia, raspberries ripen in the second half of July. The harvest ripens gradually, and the ripening time of the berries depends on weather conditions. The warmer and drier the weather, the faster it happens. Accordingly, in cool and humid weather, ripening occurs more slowly. The first harvest of raspberries is usually insignificant. A large harvest is harvested at the second stage, when the bulk of the berries ripen. On last stage After fruiting, the yield level drops again, since only small berries remain on the middle and lower branches.

Berry picking should be done in dry and sunny weather. It is not recommended to collect early in the morning when there is dew on the berries. After rain, berry picking is delayed until the berries are dry. Harvesting after rain is only allowed if there is prolonged rainfall. But in this case, the raspberry fruits are immediately processed. The berries are harvested at the stage of removable ripeness. The ripeness of raspberries is considered to be the period when the fruits have acquired their characteristic color. If the berries are intended for transportation, they are removed without waiting for full ripeness. Raspberries that have reached full ripeness are harvested if they are intended to be used for immediate consumption.

Raspberries are removed from the bush with part of the stalk. The stalk is separated by pinching off with two fingers. Some berry varieties are arranged in a bunch or the stalk is too short. In this case, they can be cut with small scissors or torn off without the stalk.

When picking raspberries, you should try not to touch the berries themselves. Their skin is very thin and delicate and can easily become wrinkled with the slightest careless handling. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to use a certain technique for picking raspberries.

Take the shoot with your left hand and, supporting it, place your right hand, palm up, under the berries. Then with two fingers right hand(thumb and index finger) grab the stem and pinch off the berry. Carefully transfer the berries that have fallen onto your palm into the prepared container. In this way, you can hold no more than 5-6 berries in your palm.

Berries must be placed in containers very carefully, trying not to damage them. When collecting, you should try to leave a stalk about 6-8 mm long. If there are damaged berries or fruits collected without a stalk, they must be placed in a separate container.

It is best to collect raspberries in shingled baskets and boxes with a capacity of 2-3 kg. If, when transporting berries, baskets and boxes are placed on top of each other, then they should not be filled to the top with berries. It is also not allowed to pour raspberries from one container to another.

For temporary storage of raspberries, a cold, well-ventilated room is suitable. If you plan to freeze the berries for their further processing for culinary purposes, then the dry fruits must be scattered on a tray in one layer and placed in freezer. After the berries have frozen, they can be transferred to plastic bags and leave in the freezer.

Cooking with raspberries!

Raspberries are very tasty and healthy berry, known for its healing properties since ancient times. Raspberries contain B vitamins, vitamin C, E, PP, salicylic acid and various antisclerotic and antiseptic substances. Raspberries help in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, bronchitis, acute respiratory viral infections, influenza, pneumonia and even tuberculosis (decoction and infusion of berries, twigs and raspberry leaves). Useful material strengthen blood vessels, help in the treatment of peptic ulcers. Raspberry is a good diaphoretic.

Raspberry bushes begin to bear fruit in the second year after planting. IN central Russia raspberries appear in late June - early July and for a long time (each bush of a simple raspberry bears fruit for about 20-25 days, remontant - longer) and pleases us with its aromatic, sour-sweet fruits. Bees also love raspberry flowers and fly to them even in rainy weather.

How to pick raspberries from a bush

Raspberries are very tender. And as soon as you lightly press on them, raspberry juice will immediately flow out. Therefore, raspberries should be handled with care and precision.

It is better to pick ripe raspberries in dry weather, because wet berries spoil faster. If you have to transport raspberries, it is better to pick off the berries with the stem (fruit stem), and then remove it when you make jam or compotes.

If you quickly get to the kitchen with the raspberries and the berries are still strong, then you can immediately pick them without the stalk.

Take only good berries, without buds or rot, otherwise it will ruin the rest of your harvest. It’s better not to be greedy and take only high-quality raspberries.

Raspberry bush

What to use to pick raspberries

Containers for collecting raspberries should be wide and low so that the berries fit into them minimal amount layers and did not press on each other.

Gardeners collect raspberries in containers or other containers ( volume 1.5-2 liters) with low sides, for example, like birch bark baskets or shingles - veneer. Wicker baskets are also good because they have holes and are well ventilated, without creating a greenhouse effect inside the basket.

Once you have collected the next container, immediately place the raspberries in the shade or other cool, well-ventilated and dry place. In such conditions, raspberries can be preserved for several hours without releasing juice.

During industrial harvesting, in addition to baskets, there are also special corrugated containers - cardboard cells (like a cardboard cage for eggs, only very small cells for raspberries).

Do I need to wash raspberries?

If you have collected big harvest raspberries and plan to use them for harvesting, then you just need to sort out the raspberries, removing twigs, random leaves and stalks from the berries.

There is no need to wash raspberries.

If you wash raspberries, half of the raspberry juice will leak into the water and the berries will become soggy and look like porridge. Not very useful and unattractive.

And if you picked a couple of glasses of raspberries and doubt whether some worm has crawled into the berry, and the raspberries are strong, then you can briefly soak the berries in cool, salted water. The worms will all come out.

Raspberries

The collected raspberries will not last long; your task is to get home as quickly as possible and start harvesting raspberries. And if you don’t have enough berries, eat them quickly!

How to prepare raspberries for the winter

First of all, you need to decide units of measurement . IN 1 liter jar there will be approximately 600 g of raspberries. And 1 kg of raspberries is a little more than 1.5 liters.

• 1 kg of raspberries = 1.5-1.6 liter container;
• Liter jar = 600 g raspberries.

All raspberry preparations are medicinal (both jam and compotes).

1. How to cook raspberry compote

1.1. Raspberry compote with sugar

Sterilization time for cans of raspberries own juice without sugar depends on the size of the cans: 0.5 liter can - 15 minutes, liter - 20 minutes.

2. How to make raspberry jam

Raspberry jam is brewing different ways– in one or several steps. And it differs in the amount of sugar per 1 kg of raspberries.

2.1. Instant raspberry jam

The most delicious jam from raspberries - one that has little sugar and short heat treatment(recipe for five-minute raspberry jam). This quick jam is cooked for 5-7 minutes after boiling and you need 2 times less sugar than berries (in weight units).

But it's jam instant cooking Raspberries should be stored in the refrigerator or cellar (basement).

If you don’t have space in the refrigerator, but only have a cool closet or pantry on the site multi-storey building, then other raspberry jam recipes will suit you.

2.2. Raspberry jam with half sugar

This jam differs from the previous recipe in that it is either immediately cooked until ready, in 1 serving (a sign of readiness is that a drop of jam dropped on a saucer does not spread).

Or you can cook raspberry jam five minutes (5-7 minutes after boiling) in 2 or 3 stages, taking a break between cooking for 6-8 hours or overnight.

Proportions for raspberry jam Half a kilo of sugar for 1 kg of raspberries.

2.3. Regular raspberry jam

This recipe for raspberry jam is the most stable; perhaps the berries do not retain their color and shape, but this jam can be stored at room temperature for 2 or 3 years.

You can cook simple raspberry jam in the same way as jam with half the amount of sugar - at once or intermittently.

Proportions for simple raspberry jam

Raspberries and sugar – 1:1 (in kilograms).

What kind of lids are suitable for raspberry jam?

Any raspberry jam should be poured into jars while hot. And any jam can be rolled up with iron lids.

Jam, which is cooked for a long time, in 1 or 2 batches and is stored better, can be covered with nylon (plastic) lids or screw caps. Then you need to put a circle of paper on the jam in the jar and fill it with 1-2 tablespoons of vodka, so that the jam is better stored, and possible mold collects only on the paper and can be thrown away or replaced with new alcohol-soaked paper.

Here's another question: what do nylon covers look like?. Nylon covers are ordinary covers made of white, translucent plastic (colorless). Only such covers were available in Soviet times. And then opaque multi-colored ones appeared on sale plastic lids: red, yellow, blue and other funny ones. Therefore, if I advise you to close with nylon lids, feel free to buy ordinary white soft lids or colored ones.

Raspberries on a plate

What to cook from raspberries and eat right away

Fresh raspberries are good for light desserts(Raspberries with cottage cheese), fruit salads, compotes(which to drink immediately - recipe), raspberry jelly - recipe.

Raspberries are added to cream or shortbread pies(they bake a base-basket, on which they then lay fresh berries raspberries, strawberries, blackberries and pour a little jelly on top so that the filling sets).

You can also add raspberries to the cottage cheese when cooking. cottage cheese Easter. And then your Easter will be a beautiful crimson color. Or you can throw berries into dough for Easter cakes or other tasty baked goods made from yeast or biscuit dough.

You can bake pies with raspberries, just sprinkle the berries with starch or flour for filling (2 tablespoons per bowl of berries). Starch is needed so that the filling is not liquid, and the flowing juices are set and neutralized by the brewing starch. Dough for pies with raspberries take as in the recipe for currant pies or buy ready-made yeast dough in cooking.

In addition, this raspberry custard filling can be used for baking puff pastries from ready-made frozen dough. It will be very tasty!

You can also get it from raspberries juice and make it out of it syrups or jelly. To do this, the berries are heated with a small amount of water so that the raspberries give juice (you need to stir the berries, otherwise everything will burn). Then strain the raspberry mass through a cloth. And from this juice you can already make jelly (recipe and proportions can be found on the gelatin package) and syrups (add sugar and boil until slightly thickened).

Raspberry berry sauces are suitable for dumplings - recipe and cottage cheese casseroles - recipe.

They also make delicious things from raspberries Home wine And liqueurs.

In general, there are many options for raspberry dishes! And they are all very healthy and tasty! You can also eat raspberries plain or with whipped cream or sour cream with sugar!

Be healthy and bon appetit!