How to choose linoleum for a living room. Which linoleum is better for an apartment: expert opinion. Is linoleum harmful in an apartment? The flooring can be

How to choose linoleum for a living room. Which linoleum is better for an apartment: expert opinion. Is linoleum harmful in an apartment? The flooring can be
How to choose linoleum for a living room. Which linoleum is better for an apartment: expert opinion. Is linoleum harmful in an apartment? The flooring can be
05.03.2020

Linoleum for home– quite democratic, publicly available material. It has been used as a practical floor covering for over a hundred years. What explains its continued popularity? It has a relatively low price, is easy to install, and is available in many options. In addition, it is comfortable to use: soft and springy underfoot. At the same time, the coating has the necessary strength - it does not tear, crack, or swell from water, like laminate. The modern consumer has the opportunity to choose from numerous types offered by the market. A competent choice of good linoleum will be the key to its successful and long service. So how to choose and lay linoleum at home correctly, what should you pay attention to so that the linoleum serves faithfully for its intended time? Let's figure it out together.

  • Thickness from 0.15 to 3 millimeters.
  • Weight 1.25 - 2.25 kg per square meter.
  • It must have such elasticity and flexibility that it does not break or crack when wound on a standard rod d 45 mm.
  • The water absorption rate is no more than 1.5%.
  • Indicators and - from 13-18 dB.
  • Shrinkage during use should not exceed 0.2 mm per meter.

Semi-commercial linoleum

This is linoleum from class 31 to 34, which is usually used in typical office premises and in official ones.

It has the following characteristics: Belongs to classes 41-43. It is used as a floor covering in rooms where the floor bears a particularly high load, and where there is active movement of people and even equipment. It is equipped with a special reinforcing layer, has minimal shrinkage, and has a service life of up to 25 years. The combination of the high price of such material with technical characteristics that are not required for ordinary residential apartments makes its use at home impractical.

Individual linoleums of this group are produced for a special purpose, these are:

  • Sports coverings. They are characterized by special elasticity and softness, which provide excellent adhesion of the floor surface to shoes.
  • Antistatic coatings.
  • Coatings that are resistant to chemicals and have high bactericidal properties. Designed for various medical institutions.
  • Anti-slip coatings. Used in swimming pools and other rooms characterized by high levels of humidity.

How to choose linoleum?

We examined in detail the different types and types of linoleum. Based on their descriptions, we identified those important conditions, guided by which, it will be easier for you to make the maximum choice suitable material For .

Characteristic signs of high-quality linoleum are the absence of a strong odor, greasy shine, but the presence of relief. The drawing in the original high-quality coating looks natural and clear. A one and a half meter pattern step is considered the most preferable. Manufacturers of flooring always put a special corporate logo on their products. Also linoleum high class must have at least five layers.


Modern linoleum coatings are wear-resistant, versatile and durable products that are completely safe for health and approved for use in any facility: from residential premises to industrial buildings. The assortment is not just wide - huge!

The history of linoleum goes back more than 270 years. Initially it was completely natural product, made from jute, cotton or timber fabric, onto which a hot mixture of oils, resin-resin, wood flour and pigments was applied. In fact, the name of the elastic floor covering comes from its main component: linum - flax, oleum - oil.

The natural finishing material had a synthetic alternative made of PVC about 60 years ago. The reason is simple to the point of banality - a shortage of initial components and a sharp rise in prices for them.

Today they produce many various types linoleum products. All elastic coatings are classified according to several criteria:

Product composition

According to this criterion, two types of roll materials are produced for the household sphere:

Marmoleum or natural linoleum

Strong, durable and safe flooring made from natural ingredients. Contains:

  • The base is jute or linen woven fabric;
  • Linoleum granulate applied by thermopressing - a mixture of resin coniferous trees, modified linseed oil, wood flour, fillers and pigments;
  • Wax or varnish that protects the surface from abrasion and other loads (used for certain series).

The finished coating is available in the form of rolls up to 4 m wide and no more than 30 m long, linoleum planks or tiles, and also in combination with a base of HDF boards. All varieties are characterized by:


Product disadvantages:

  • High requirements during installation;
  • Characteristic oily smell;
  • High price.

Natural flooring can be installed in any room, from a children's room to a sales area, but marmoleum must be selected taking into account the load class.

Synthetic linoleum

In Europe, this type of elastic material is called PVC coating. Developed in our country in the late 50s. How affordable alternative natural products. Consists of a calendered plastic thermopolymer or is combined from:

  • Bases (foamed PVC, PE felt, combined);
  • Facial layer ( thin layer dense PVC with a decorative pattern);
  • Fiberglass (a reinforcing element used by well-known manufacturers to make the material resistant to tensile and deformation loads);
  • Transparency (wear-resistant surface coating made of polyurethane and other protective elastic materials).

Pros of synthetic linoleum:

  • Moisture and wear resistance;
  • Unlimited choice of designs and color solutions;
  • Easy to style and care;
  • Partial maintainability;
  • Reasonable cost;
  • Durability.

The disadvantages of the material include an unpleasant chemical odor (dissipates within 1-3 weeks), toxicity when ignited, and the slippery surface of budget series.

Product structure

What if some consultants insist on purchasing a baseless coating, while others recommend purchasing a product with a base? The fact is that natural and synthetic products are available in two varieties:

  • Heterogeneous - multilayer flooring materials, structurally consisting of a base, decor and protection;
  • Homogeneous - homogeneous or single-layer coatings, characterized by extremely high wear resistance and the presence of one pattern throughout the entire depth of the product.

The former can be used in any environment, from a private home to a hotel lobby. But the latter, due to their characteristics and high cost are used only in commercial, industrial and other similar facilities.

Areas of application

Coatings are divided into:

  • Household – heterogeneous materials for residential premises and offices with light foot traffic. The width of roll coverings is from 1.5 to 6 m, the length reaches 35 m, and the thickness is up to 5 mm. On average, a high-quality product can last 7-10 years or more.
  • Semi-commercial - a multi-layer, stronger, denser and more durable analogue of household series. Recommended for use in residential, office and commercial premises with medium load levels.
  • Commercial – single- and multi-layer finishing materials for premises with heavy traffic (retail, public, industrial and other facilities). The operating period is considerable - at least 15 years, provided correct selection and installation.
  • Special – floor coverings for rooms with special requirements: sports, dance halls, transport, hospitals, etc. The thickness of linoleum can reach 10 mm, and the service life is 40 years.

Wear resistance class

If you are not familiar with the basic characteristics of the material, it is enough to find out what load class the manufacturer classifies it as. Each collection is usually assigned a set of pictograms, including wear resistance. To determine the most suitable option see table below.

So, when choosing an elastic covering for an apartment, keep in mind: you need natural or synthetic linoleum with a heterogeneous structure from a household or semi-commercial series belonging to classes 21-23 or 31. Next, focus on your taste and budget.

Review of manufacturers

High-quality linoleum chosen for an apartment must meet several criteria:

  1. Be distinguished by good wear-, water- and chemical resistance, bacteriostaticity, and absence of odors;
  2. Serve for at least 7 years without signs of wear;
  3. Be easy to care for;
  4. Comply with Russian Federation safety standards.

Large manufacturers each new collection They are necessarily sent for research and, as a result, receive a whole package of various certificates: sanitary and hygienic, fire safety, compliance, voluntary testing for the environmental friendliness of the product, etc.

The best linoleum for an apartment can only be provided by famous manufacturers. We present you an overview of the most common brands:

Tarkett

The concern is known as one of the world's largest manufacturers of natural and synthetic floor and wall coverings. Its history is more than 130 years of ups and downs, phenomenal breakthroughs and the implementation of high-risk projects. The company has opened its factories almost all over the world, and products are supplied to 140 countries.

The product line includes:

  • Natural and PVC linoleum for walls and floors of all series: household, semi-commercial, commercial and special;
  • Parquet board;
  • Laminated parquet;
  • Cork coverings;
  • A variety of related products and components.

In 1995 in Samara region, Otradny, a plant for the production of PVC linoleum was opened. Its products complement the Tarket assortment imported from factories of Eastern Europe. In total, the company owns 4 brands:

  • Tarkett (EU, Russia) – more than 20 collections of premium series roll and tile products made from PVC and natural raw materials. They are produced in all wear resistance classes: from 21 to 43. The range includes all varieties, from household to special. The main advantage of the brand is widest choice designs on smooth or textured fabric;
  • Sinteros (Russia) - an economical series of polyvinyl chloride coatings of all types in classes from 21 to 34. Buyers are attracted by the affordability and practicality of the products.
  • Vinisin (Ukraine) - an analogue of the previous line of universal and durable coatings for home and public buildings;
  • Polystyl (Russia) – 6 collections from the mid-price category. The selection of designs in classes 23, 31, 32, 33, 34 and 41 is quite modest compared to other brands.

Advantages:

  1. High level of density and wear resistance of products due to the use of transparency with additional protective coatings (Extreme Protection, Titan, etc.);
  2. The presence of reinforcing fiberglass in the composition of linoleum, which ensures the deformation resistance of the material;
  3. The most extensive selection of designs and shades compared to competitors.
  4. Three types of base for the buyer’s choice: foamed PVC, polyester felt, duplicated;
  5. Allowed for use in children's and medical institutions;
  6. The safety of products for the health of users has been proven by numerous certificates. Including voluntary testing for environmental friendliness “Leaf of Life”;
  7. Excellent information support, including media materials and various recommendation brochures;
  8. Easy installation and maintenance;
  9. Prices for any budget;
  10. Long operational period - from 7 to 50 years.

Flaws:

  1. High price of Tarket brand collections;
  2. Cheap series may emit an unpleasant odor for the first few days.

Forbo

The Forbo group of companies is a huge number of enterprises of different directions. One of the largest divisions is rightfully considered an association of 7 European factories that produce floor and wall coverings— Forbo Flooring Systems.

For more than 20 years, the concern has been producing natural linoleum under the Marmoleum brand in various formats and in all classes (21-43). In Russia, a similar plant was opened not so long ago - in 2012 (Kaluga region).

Advantages:

  1. A completely natural and safe product for health;
  2. The assortment includes both rolled coverings and cut into tiles, strips and even combined ones based on HDF boards;
  3. A good selection of shades and designs for boards, stone, flock, etc.;
  4. High resistance to various abrasive and other abiogenic factors ( household chemicals, deformations), etc.;
  5. Bacteriostatic with low thermal conductivity;
  6. Durable mineral pigments are used in production;
  7. Approved for use in sanatorium-resort, medical and children's institutions;
  8. Good information support that makes it easier to choose linoleum for an apartment, house or commercial facility.
  9. Proven high level quality and environmental friendliness (full package of EN certificates);
  10. Easy installation and maintenance at no extra cost;
  11. Long service life - from 10 to 30 years.

Flaws:

  1. Excessively high price for all collections;
  2. Most decors must be ordered at the factory, and the waiting period is a month or more.

Grabo

The Hungarian company Grabo has a century-old history. It all started with a workshop for the production of tarpaulin and oilcloth products. Today the company consists of 4 factories, which produce a variety of flooring and wall coverings made of wood, polyvinyl chloride.

Synthetic linoleum products are manufactured in all classes: 21-23, 31-34, 41-43. The household series is presented in a good range of decors and shades, but much more modest than those of its competitors.

The company is especially proud of its special PVC linoleum, including transport, sports, bacteriostatic, soundproofing, anti-slip and others.

Advantages:

  1. Wear-resistant coatings with a good level of deformation elasticity (due to the presence of fiberglass);
  2. Wide range of designs. Even children's and avant-garde series are always available.
  3. Product compliance with European safety and health certification standards according to the CE Code.
  4. Effortless styling and care.
  5. Reasonable price for all collections and classes.
  6. Service life – 10-25 years.

Flaws:

  1. Modest selection of designs in domestic stores.
  2. Most series are not recommended for use in combination with underfloor heating systems.
  3. Over time, dirt can literally eat into the transparency, so care with special products is necessary.

Juteks

The Utex concern traces its history back to 1938. From a small plant producing packaging products, one of the largest European industrial enterprises gradually emerged. The main specialization is the production of floor and wall PVC linoleum of 21-34 wear resistance classes. In 2009, a plant was opened in the Russian Federation, during Vladimir region(Kameshkovo).

The enterprises owned by the concern produce linoleum under several brands

  • Juteks – premium products with smooth and textured surface, manufactured at factories in Belgium, Slovenia and the Russian Federation;
  • Beauflor is a business series in the most popular designs. Manufactured in Slovenia and Russia;
  • Ideal is an economy category of rolled linoleum for Russian buyers.

Advantages:

  1. Good level of wear and water resistance of the transparency due to the use of additional protective layers(Protective Coating, Wear Resistant, etc.).
  2. Used in the composition of reinforcing fiberglass, which prevents stretching and tearing of the fabric.
  3. More than 40 annually updated collections with various decors on a polyvinyl chloride and polyester basis.
  4. Mandatory product certification according to Russian and European standards. Luxury collections have environmental impact assessment reports.
  5. Easy installation and maintenance.
  6. Reasonable price.
  7. Service life – 7-30 years.

Flaws:

  1. Budget series are characterized by a low density of the base layer, a slippery surface, and emit an unpleasant chemical odor for a long time.
  2. Textured embossed coatings are difficult to clean from dirt. Wanted special means care
  3. Inexpensive series are not recommended for laying on bases with a built-in “warm floor” system.

Komitex LIN

In 2002, a plant was launched in Syktyvkar (Komi Republic) for the production of floor PVC linoleum on a foam and polyester basis. To produce the latter, there is a workshop for the production of synthetic felt.

Rolled floor coverings from Komitex OJSC are produced in 5 wear resistance classes (21-23 and 31-32) and 9 collections. There are household, semi-commercial and one commercial series. The number of designs is limited to traditional wood decors, as well as tile or marble chips. The surface is a calendered laminating film, which is purchased in China. Finished products certified in accordance with Russian standards of sanitary quality and safety.

Advantages:

  1. The surface is waterproof, inert to household chemicals, and can withstand frequent foot traffic.
  2. Availability of the necessary package of certificates.
  3. Easy installation.
  4. Low cost.
  5. The average operating period is about 5-7 years.

Flaws:

  1. The fabric is loose and dents appear quickly.
  2. Gives off an unpleasant chemical odor for a long time.
  3. It is prohibited to lay on heated floors.
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Linoleum is the most popular flooring among people with an average standard of living. Firstly, the price is not as high as parquet or carpet, and secondly, the service life is normal. And today’s manufacturers offer a wide variety of colors, choose any! But it turns out that at least this material is well known to consumers; there are many nuances that must be taken into account when purchasing. Therefore, this article is devoted to the question of which linoleum to choose, because the house has different rooms with its own operational characteristics.

What to look for before buying?

To understand in detail how to choose linoleum for your home, you should know the main criteria for a rational purchase:

  • correspondence to the intended purpose - a nursery is a room, or a bedroom, a kitchen;
  • characteristics - degree of wear resistance, noise absorption, antistatic, moisture resistance, antibacterial properties;
  • will the linoleum be able to withstand the load, taking into account the number of people living and the traffic rate;
  • whether harmony is created in the interior - linoleum can be monochromatic, with abstract patterns, or with imitation of different textures: wood, tile, stone.

If we take into account all the above criteria, the buyer will not get lost in the modern variety, because he will know exactly how to choose linoleum for an apartment, as well as for a private house.

What kind of linoleum is there?

Perhaps linoleum can be called the most affordable floor covering. The arguments to confirm these words are significant, because the material is installed in schools, in offices, and, of course, in a house/apartment. Therefore, it is clear why the market offers various types linoleum: how to choose the best one? The question is not difficult, you just need to understand the problem and then everything will become clear.

– made from wood flour, pine resin, limestone powder, natural dyes, and the base is jute fabric. Due to the fact that this material is made from purely natural components, it is excellent for children's rooms and rooms where asthmatics and allergy sufferers live. Therefore, if the question of which linoleum to choose for an apartment is being decided, this great option- the material is environmentally friendly, not harmful to health, and also resistant to abrasion, does not fade in the sun, and has bactericidal properties.

PVC linoleum is made either tissue based, or on non-woven thermal insulation. Domestic producers European technologies are used, so anyone can afford such linoleum, because the price of the products is affordable.

Advantages:

  • low thermal conductivity;
  • wide palette of patterns, shades;
  • pronounced dielectric characteristics;
  • ease of installation.

There are also certain disadvantages we're talking about about sensitivity to high temperature, instability to chemicals. So, if the room temperature drops sharply, elasticity is lost and PVC linoleum may crack.

In addition, the floor covering in question can be alkyd, colloxin, and linoleum-relin is also common.

Classification and marking of coatings

To accurately answer the question of how to choose the right linoleum, you need to understand the markings that correspond to the purpose of the room. As for the first digit of this very marking, it varies from one to four:

  • 1 – for rooms with minimal traffic;
  • 2 – residential rooms;
  • 3 - offices;
  • 4 – production premises.

And the second digit indicates the expected load, this means that one is, accordingly, the lowest, four is the highest load. For example, class 21 coating is perfect for an office and bedroom; for the kitchen and hallway it is advisable to buy class 23-24 linoleum.

To cover the topic in more detail, we need to give a few more examples. Let's take the hallway for example. Of course, the hallway and corridor are rooms with a very high degree of traffic. This means that the most best option– linoleum with a thickness of at least 3 mm.

Important: it is advisable to pay special attention to the thickness of the protective layer; it should be at least 0.25 mm.

Also, before purchasing, you need to evaluate the quality of the surface on which this flooring will be laid in the future. The smoother the surface, the thinner the linoleum can be and vice versa. The perfect solution for the hallway - household linoleum with a foam base. Or it could be expensive semi-commercial linoleum, which is characterized by increased strength.

How to choose good linoleum? This multifaceted issue worries many consumers. To prevent your purchase from becoming a cause for disappointment due to poor quality in the future, you should adhere to the following instructions:

  • trust your own sense of smell: the presence of a pungent odor clearly indicates that the coating contains harmful additives. High-quality linoleum, both synthetic and natural, does not have an unpleasant odor;
  • the drawing must be clear;
  • compliance with safety standards - good linoleum undergoes a special examination, is marked, and the seller must also present a hygiene certificate;
  • The quality must be checked in rolled form: for the absence of bumps and areas with peeled film. These indicators indicate marriage, similar coating you can’t buy it because the existing irregularities cannot be smoothed out;
  • it is advisable to give preference to material with special protective film– this linoleum is easy to clean and retains its original appearance for a long time;
  • all linoleum must be from the same batch - even when the article numbers are the same, differences in color are possible.

The question of choice is not so difficult if you know all the subtleties and nuances. All of the above tips will help buyers make the right choice; the purchase will not bring disappointment in the future, that is, during operation.

Choosing a floor covering for your home is always a difficult process, since choosing simply by color is not enough; you also need to have an idea of ​​its quality and application features.

We will talk about which linoleum is best for an apartment and why, as well as about the varieties of this material later in the article.

What to choose among the variety of materials

Since there is a huge selection of linoleums on the market, it is impossible to choose the best option for all occasions. Each type of coating has its own characteristics and is designed for use in certain conditions.

Therefore, when answering the question of how to choose the right linoleum, you should take into account its class and type, as well as where it will be used.

Classification of linoleums

Depending on the main component, linoleum is divided into:

  • alkyd;
  • natural;
  • nitrocellulose;
  • polyvinyl chloride;
  • rubber.

Of course, the best linoleum for residential premises is natural, as well as PVC. Both one and the other can be found on sale in construction stores. However, in terms of price, natural material will cost much more than synthetic linoleum.


Most safe linoleum– this is, of course, natural, since it does not contain chemical components and does not emit any toxins or odors.

Natural linoleum has a number of advantages:

  • antistatic, that is, it does not accumulate electricity;
  • wear-resistant;
  • durable;
  • not subject to mechanical abrasion and tensile strength;
  • practically non-flammable;
  • insensitive to alkalis and acids;
  • attractive in appearance;
  • environmentally friendly and safe for health.

However, in fairness, we note a few negative aspects when using natural linoleum. Firstly, such material cannot withstand sudden temperature changes - it begins to deteriorate and crumble. Secondly, it is sensitive to permanently low temperatures - it becomes brittle and brittle.

Therefore, even good quality natural linoleum is not recommended to be laid in country houses, where people live permanently only in the summer.

In addition, material made from natural fibers is afraid of moisture, because it causes fungus and mold to grow on the back side of the coating, and the fibers begin to rot.


For apartment premises that differ high humidity and intensity of use, such as kitchens, bathrooms, hallways, it is advisable to choose high-quality PVC-based linoleum.

Although PVC coating is completely synthetic, it differs in a number of ways positive qualities, such as:

  • acceptable price;
  • rich palette of colors and textures;
  • wide range of sizes and shapes;
  • resistance to fungus formation and rotting;
  • mechanical strength and abrasion resistance;
  • good heat and sound insulation.


If you are in doubt about how to choose linoleum color to match your interior, you will not have any problems with PVC coating. Since this material is available in a wide variety of colors, you can easily find exactly what you need. specific case. Based on its structure, PVC linoleum is divided into heterogeneous and homogeneous.

Homogeneous PVC linoleum

This type of material assumes that its composition is uniform throughout the entire thickness of the coating. That is, during the manufacturing process, granulated polyvinyl chloride is mixed with dyes. Thus, a distribution of the pattern is achieved not only on the surface, but throughout the entire thickness of the linoleum.

This quality of homogeneous material allows it to be used for more than 10 years, and appearance coverage remains unchanged.

Heterogeneous linoleum

This type of material is a multilayer coating. As a rule, the number of layers can reach 6. The areas of application of these coatings include both domestic and commercial use. The main components of this material are fiberglass and polyvinyl chloride granules.


The range of materials includes several dissimilar materials, such as natural fibers as the backing, PVC foam as the interlayer, non-woven fabric and others. So complex structure flooring is produced in order to optimize its characteristics, reduce thermal conductivity and enhance noise-absorbing qualities.

It is noteworthy that linoleum with a heterogeneous structure can be used both in residential premises and in utility rooms.

Areas of application of PVC linoleum

You can answer the question of how to choose quality linoleum for an apartment if you consider in detail the distribution of varieties of this coating by area of ​​application.


So, according to the intensity of use, linoleum can be distinguished:

  • domestic;
  • semi-commercial;
  • commercial;
  • special purpose.

Household linoleum

This material is intended for installation in rooms where the load level is low. The basis for the manufacture of such material is foamed polyester.

By thickness household type PVC linoleum ranges from 1-4 mm. The service life of this material is short, therefore, after 5 years, the floor covering requires complete replacement.

Coatings for household use on a polyvinyl chloride basis.


Advantages of household PVC linoleum:

  • ease of installation;
  • weakly conducts vibration and extraneous noise;
  • soft;
  • does not require specialized care during use;
  • wide range of colors and textures.

Semi-commercial linoleum

When solving the problem of how to choose a good linoleum, it is worth dwelling in more detail on this type coatings By structure this variety linoleum is similar to household, that is, it contains a base, a layer of decor and protection.


However, semi-commercial linoleum has a protective layer thickness of 1 mm, which allows it to be used in rooms with heavy loads, for example in offices, as well as in public places (more details: ""). This linoleum is optimally suitable for installation in residential premises.

Commercial linoleum

This material is more durable because it is intended for rooms where the load on it is extremely high.

Commercial linoleum is characterized high degree wear resistance, however, the number of textures and colors is very small (read also: " "). Although such materials are initially manufactured for use in public places with maximum load, no one forbids choosing such a coating for your home.


The advantage of commercial linoleum over household linoleum is the availability large assortment standard sizes of material.

Special purpose linoleum

This group of materials contains coatings used for gyms, medical institutions or commercial organizations. Each of the linoleum models from this category is adapted to certain operating conditions inherent in any specific area.

In particular, linoleums are made with antibacterial protection that can protect family members from contracting infectious diseases.

Regardless of which linoleum is best to choose for installation in a particular room, installation of such a covering is not particularly difficult and can be done independently.

The subfloor under the linoleum must be perfectly level. Although household linoleum is easier to handle due to its smaller thickness, it is very demanding on the quality of the base, since even the smallest flaws will be clearly visible.


Laying commercial linoleum does not require special tools, so it can be done with your own hands. In this case, it is only important to carefully fix the coating on the subfloor.

Since the household type of coating is light in weight and thin, it is successfully used for fixing it. Double-sided tape, mastic or glue.

At the same time, for semi-commercial, commercial and special types For linoleum, you can only use mastic or glue - tape is not suitable in this case.

Another difference between types of linoleum is the method of fastening the seams.

In particular, the seams household linoleum can be disguised cold welding. But for all other materials you will need special equipment, since their thickness does not allow the use of adhesives.

Results

Thus, if you decide to renovate your apartment and prefer to lay linoleum, then when choosing a coating, base it primarily on your aesthetic preferences. Carefully select the color and texture of the coating to suit the style of your interior.