Wooden frame stall assembly drawings. Advantages of wooden frame houses. Frame walls and stages of their construction

Construction frame house– popular technology for winter or summer country houses. This technology is distinguished by its simplicity, budget cost, efficiency, comparative ease of assembly, and the ability to quickly complete all work. It is important to design and calculate the labor intensity of the work, the amount of materials, taking into account the climate and individual budget.

At the heart of a frame house are the walls, their correct design is one of the factors for successful construction. Frame houses can be built with your own hands.

Whether you will carry out the work yourself or prefer to turn to contractors - knowledge about correct device the walls of a frame house will be useful, they will allow you to calculate the cost of work, determine the quantity necessary materials and choose the best option.

Do-it-yourself construction requires a lot of free time: people with full-time jobs will not be able to quickly cope with the volume of work.

A frame house is based on a rigid structure in which vertical posts are connected by horizontal lintels.

Construction of the wall of a frame house (pie)

Insulation is placed in the free cells, then the surface of the walls is finished from the inside and outside. The frame is installed directly on the foundation, but during construction you must first assemble each wall as a separate frame on a level area next to the foundation. The walls of a frame house form a kind of “pie”, assembled according to strict rules.

• Calculation of wall thickness is carried out taking into account the climate and purpose of the building;
• When choosing insulation, it is important to achieve good sound insulation, as well as thermal insulation, while calculating its quantity and optimal cost;
• It is important to protect the insulation from moisture and other adverse effects using special films;
• The correct technology for laying insulation will prevent heat loss; saving energy also requires calculation and planning.

Builders are looking to reduce heating costs by better insulation building. Calculating the dimensions of the walls and selecting insulation is the key to success.

Calculation of wall sizes and selection of insulation

To do this, the frame racks must be made of timber with a thickness of 200 mm. A cross frame made from bars measuring 50x50 mm is also allowed.

The calculation of wall thickness depends on the climate: in warm areas, with hot summers and mild winter, the thickness of the walls can be reduced.

Calculation of indicators for a country house that is visited only in summer time, will be simple: a wall thickness of 40 mm is sufficient, and for the frame it will be suitable edged board about 15 cm wide, called “magpie”.

How foam is used as insulation, mineral wool, as well as ecowool and polyurethane. Polystyrene foam is one of the cheapest materials, but it is fragile, insufficient in terms of sound insulation, flammable, and can be damaged by rodents. Popular in modern practice mineral wool.

Insulation of a frame house with ecowool

Ecowool and polyurethane foam are quite expensive, but they have the best protective properties, their use will allow you not to worry about vapor barrier, but during the construction process it will require special equipment for their application.

Since the surface of a frame house, as a rule, for rigidity and strength, is covered with sheets of plywood or chipboard during construction, the insulation can be attached directly to these sheets. Great importance has a calculation of the amount of materials: it is recommended to use a double layer of insulation. Mineral wool sheets and sheathing material are separated windproof film. The insulation is attached special glue, stronger fixation can be achieved using disc dowels.

For external protection wall “pie” requires a vapor barrier inside the building and its waterproofing with outside.

Vapor barrier inside the building and its waterproofing on the outside

Vapor barrier is necessary to avoid condensation of wet vapors inside the walls and their entry into the insulation. If moisture penetrates, mineral wool will significantly lose its thermal insulation qualities, and large energy costs will be required for additional heating of the structure. The film for waterproofing is laid outside, on the side of the facade, this allows you to protect the wall structure from wind and precipitation. For vapor barrier, foil materials are used, for example, penofol; for waterproofing, glassine is required; it is possible to use membrane boards. Such boards are overlapped during construction using a construction stapler, and the nodes must be carefully taped at the joints with special tape.

Vinyl siding

Vinyl siding is used in country houses.

Vinyl siding

Its cost is inexpensive, it is not susceptible to rotting or exposure to rodents, it is easy to carry out work and convenient for subsequent use (easy to clean, looks neat), and has a long service life. Often used for cladding country houses or if the developer wishes to reduce the cost of finishing.

Metal siding

Used for façade cladding and metal siding, it is durable, impact resistant and attractive design- the image of a fairy-tale hut is created.

Metal siding

Galvanized steel with polymer coating does not rust, tolerates temperature changes well.

Cladding with clapboard has a number of disadvantages characteristic of wooden materials - a tendency to dry out (swell) and be affected by bark beetles. Modern impregnations are used to reduce the effects of harmful effects and the fire hazard of the structure, making possible fires self-extinguishing.

To the number wooden materials For façade cladding there is a blockhouse that imitates timber, which is used for both interior decoration and external cladding. This material is stronger than rounded logs, it is attractive in design, but over time it still changes its shape, since it is a modified lining.

The sheathing should not be attached directly to the frame during construction.

Block house installation diagram

For summer houses such a solution is possible, but if you need to spend time in such a house in winter period even a few days, steam condensates will begin to destroy the wood and moisten the insulation. To build a winter house, pay attention to the good ventilation of the facade: for this, bars 30-40 mm thick are nailed over the entire surface, then work on wall cladding is carried out. It is important to calculate the load on the foundation and accurately fill it, then air circulation in the gaps for ventilation will allow condensation to erode naturally.

Brick

It is possible to cover the facade with facing bricks, but careful calculation of the significant load on the foundation and walls in this case is necessary so that the structures can withstand its weight.

Scheme of façade cladding with facing bricks

This material protects well from harmful influences, but the cost of such cladding is among the most expensive.

Tile

Tile cladding of the facade is reliable and has a long service life, but tiles cannot be attached to wooden elements with glue.

Tiled facade cladding

The technology of attaching tiles using self-tapping screws is expensive and labor-intensive; if you choose this material, an accurate calculation will be required: it is necessary to determine both the amount of materials and the cost of the work.

Plaster

Plastering walls is also not very popular in Russia due to its fragility.

Plastering walls

It is recommended to use three layers of plaster technology. For single-layer plaster, it is best to use a Portland cement composition, white cement(lime) and sand. To prevent cracks from occurring, it is better to add fiberglass.

Fake diamond

Facade cladding artificial stone It has an attractive design; this material is quite light in weight and convenient during installation, and does not create a significant load on the foundation.

Facade cladding with artificial stone

A house lined with artificial stone looks very attractive.

Thermal panels

Facade cladding wooden houses Thermal panels are recommended in regions where the temperature in winter drops below – 25 degrees.

Cladding the facade of wooden houses with thermal panels

For interior decoration, lining, wood-fiber boards are used, plasterboard is possible, but it does not tolerate temperatures below zero.

Railcar finishing

It cannot be used for finishing work on summer houses whose heating is not planned in winter.

As seen, frame technology construction optimally combines quality and cost. The construction of the walls of a frame house is excellent for high-quality insulation living space.

Must be carefully designed frame house, execute exact calculation works for the durability and reliability of the house.

This technology is characterized by simplicity of work and will ensure its low cost.

Video

In this video you can learn a lot of interesting and new things about how to avoid mistakes and build correct frame walls.

The walls of a frame house are a multilayer structure, the features of which are fully known only to professionals. However House master will be able to master such technology in order to carry out the work without outside professional help.

Construction of frame walls

The structure of the walls of a frame house involves several layers. This technology, which is used for such construction, has found wide distribution; today it has become clear even to private developers. It is important before starting work to decide what materials to use, as well as in what order to arrange them. You can’t do without a frame, because it’s this kind of scheme that gave the technology its name.

You will need a vapor barrier layer, lathing, finishing materials, OSB, mineral insulation, which may look like mats. Having these materials, you can create the right “pie” from them. Formation multilayer wall begins with the construction of a frame, which is made of timber. A layer of thermal insulation should be placed between the racks, and then move towards the facade. There will be a 15mm oriented strand board, and then vertical and horizontal sheathing, between which the membrane is located. Last to go decorative material. The membrane will perform the function of wind protection. The construction of the walls inside will be somewhat simpler; for this you need to use a vapor barrier and sheathing.

For reference

In order to prevent air stagnation indoors, it will be necessary to install forced ventilation. After all, oriented strand board is a material that does not allow air to pass through well.

If you will be constructing the walls of a frame house, then it is important to determine at the first stage whether the construction will be residential in the cold season or whether it is intended to be used as a summer house. This affects If we're talking about about summer country building, then you can save on racks that will have a smaller cross-section. But with a house for year-round residence the situation is different. In addition, for country house you can use cheaper ones finishing materials, because the requirements for the appearance of the building are not so serious.

When installing the walls of a frame house, heat and vapor insulation are, of course, also selected. In this case, a lot depends on the region where you are going to build. If we are talking about the northern part of the country, then the emphasis should be on energy saving; the structure should have two layers of insulation. However, if it’s hot outside most of the year and high humidity, then you should additionally use a vapor barrier, which is laid on the outside of the insulation, whereas for cold regions such a “pie” scheme is contraindicated.

Description of frame walls: pros and cons

It is quite possible to construct the walls of a frame house with your own hands. But before that, it is recommended to consider all the pros and cons of such buildings. The main advantage is speed, because the house can be assembled in a few months, which ensures the absence of shrinkage, which in other cases requires waiting until the walls take their final position. Among other things, the above method is relatively inexpensive.

Thanks to modern materials In just a few months, you can bring to life any wildest fantasy, and the house will turn out to be durable and reliable. But you should pay attention to weak spots. Undoubtedly, today there are many means that are used to improve the fire safety qualities of materials. But despite all this, insects and rodents can still live in the wood. Therefore, before starting construction, it is necessary to implement measures to combat these pests.

Construction of frame walls

The construction of a frame house was described above; now we can move on to the practical part of the question. At the first stage, preparation is carried out, and it is necessary to determine the amount of building material. It is important to prepare certain tools, including:

• drill;
• plumb line;
• construction ruler;
• hammer;
• screwdriver;
• level;
• square;
• metal scissors;
• jigsaw

Among other things, do not forget about purchasing antiseptic agents used to process wooden elements to make them fire-resistant and protect them from pests. The thickness of the walls will depend on the purpose of the building; this parameter is influenced by the cross-section of the racks. Therefore, the support area should be equal to 50 cm 2. First you need to install the bottom trim, which is laid on the waterproofing layer of the foundation. Afterwards, logs are installed in the grooves. All angles must be right, among other things, the elements are aligned horizontally. To simplify the work, it should be maintained which will be equivalent to the thickness of the thermal insulation. All elements are processed antiseptics. After this you can start installation corner posts. They are fixed with the upper harness, only after the master can install the intermediate bars. Experts advise checking at each stage whether the vertical and horizontal are respected, because the final result will depend on this.

Work on corners, top floor. Carrying out finishing

The construction of the walls of a frame house in detail, which is described in the article, will allow you to eliminate mistakes. Thus, the next step will be the processing of corners, which include window and door openings. Fixation is carried out with metal corners, which are secured with screws. At the next stage, floor joists are installed; the technology will be similar to that used during installation floor elements. However, in in this case their length should be slightly longer. The racks are fixed using jibs.

It was mentioned above that the frame walls contain mineral wool-type insulation. However, you can choose any suitable thermal insulation. If you want your home to be warm enough even in the frosty winter, a layer of thermal insulation needs to be strengthened between the frame posts. At the next stage, waterproofing is laid, and it is necessary to ensure that each subsequent layer overlaps the previous one. Laying is carried out in the direction from bottom to top. Experts recommend stuffing thin bars on top, with the help of which a ventilation gap. At the final stage, external finishing materials are laid.

Interior work

The walls of a frame house, the structure and main elements of which are described in the article, must also be finished from the inside. In this case, fewer layers are used; only vapor barrier and finishing material need to be applied. The latter can be chipboard or plywood, and, if desired, drywall. If you plan to make the premises residential, you should pay attention to environmental friendliness finishing coating. If it contains harmful substances, then it may have Negative influence on human health. For example, some types of chipboard are unsuitable for such use.

Construction of internal walls

Device interior walls The construction of a frame house can be carried out using bars, the cross-section of which can be 40x60 or 30x50 mm. The frame can be assembled using self-tapping screws or nails; fastening plates are less commonly used. The frame wall can be made of regular profile for drywall. You can create a frame with stiffening ribs, and sheet material is sewn on top of it.

Construction of frame houses

The construction of a frame house from the foundation to the roof involves the creation at the first stage of a cheap foundation (possibly a strip foundation). The building can be secured to the foundation with bolts, crutches with anchor ties, or a wedge. Construction load-bearing walls was described above, but after completing this stage you can start working on the roof. For this purpose, they are used with a square cross-section, the side of which is 150 mm. Permanent wind braces are installed in the corners flush with the posts. A board with a section of 150x50 mm is laid on them. The roof frame is reinforced with ties; the pitch between the rafters should be equal to twice the distance between the frame posts.

Frame housing construction is notable for the fact that houses are built very quickly. They can be placed on almost any ground due to their light weight. There is an opinion that frame houses are temporary houses. However, it is not. If a building is built according to all the rules, it will last for quite a long time, and it will be comfortable to live in.

It’s not difficult to build such a house even by yourself. But for this you need to know the structure of a frame house.

Foundation

Like every house, a frame house also begins with a foundation. Since the weight of the building is small, they usually build a shallow strip foundation, which is inexpensive and easy to make.

To build the foundation, a site is marked in the place where the house will stand. The site is being leveled. Marking is done using rope and pegs.

A strip foundation is called a strip foundation because it is a concrete strip that runs under each wall of the future house.

If the soil is good, then it is enough to deepen the strip foundation by 80 cm - 1 meter. But still, it is recommended to deepen the foundation to the depth of soil freezing. For Russia, middle zone, this is 1.5 meters.

Using the completed markings, trenches are dug to the required depth. Crushed stone is poured at the bottom of the trench, and sand is placed on top of it. This pillow is carefully compacted. Then formwork is constructed from boards or other suitable material. Reinforcement is installed inside the formwork.

For reinforcement, use a metal rod 10-12 mm thick. The rod is knitted using knitting wire so that the reinforcement is a lattice with a pitch of 25-30 cm. It is not recommended to use welding to attach the rod. The formwork is raised above the ground by 50 cm. This is how much the foundation will rise above ground level.

When the reinforcement is completed, you need to prepare a concrete mixture. Since the foundation needs to be poured at one time, it is best to use a concrete mixer to prepare the concrete. The proportions of cement, sand and crushed stone are 1/3/5.

In order for the concrete to be of high quality, washed sand with medium or large grains and cement of a grade not lower than M200 are used.

After concrete mixture ends up in the formwork, it is compacted with a vibrator so that the solution is evenly distributed between the reinforcement bars. If you don’t have a vibrator, you can use an ordinary bayonet shovel.

Now the foundation should gain strength. This is also very important stage construction, since the strength of the entire building depends on the strength of the foundation.

The structure dries within 4-6 weeks. During drying, hot weather It is recommended to cover the concrete strip with rags soaked in water. When it rains, cover with plastic.

After the foundation tape has dried and gained strength, you can begin building the house.

Construction of a frame house

The house is called frame because it is wooden frame, installed on the foundation. This frame is insulated and sheathed finishing materials. Outside and inside.

It is quite simple to build a frame house with your own hands. Below, around the perimeter of the house, a square wooden beam is placed. This is the so-called lower crown. It is placed on the foundation strip, on which two layers of roofing felt are previously laid for waterproofing.

Then, the frame racks are attached to the beam using a tongue-and-groove connection.

It is not recommended to use metal parts for fastening.

Racks are made of timber and boards. The timber, which is installed vertically, gives the house additional strength.

But sometimes they make do with boards alone. The dimensions of the board depend on the planned thickness of the walls.

It is recommended to install racks of boards at a distance of approximately 60 cm from each other. The same distance is subsequently left between the roof rafters. Triangles of rigidity are made in the corners, which also give additional strength to the structure.

After the racks are installed, the upper crown of timber is mounted on top. The ceiling will be attached to the upper crown, and the floor boards will be attached to the lower one.

Floor installation in a frame house

Before laying the floor, a layer of expanded clay is poured between the foundation strips.

The floor can be made of wood or concrete. In the case of a concrete floor, a layer of concrete is simply poured onto the expanded clay, a cement screed is made, and linoleum, carpet, or some other covering is installed on top.

To make a wooden floor, you need to lay joists on the bottom crown, and lay floorboards on the joists.

It is recommended to do additional insulation from sheets of any suitable insulation. You can use both polystyrene foam and mineral wool. Penoflex or some other material with good thermal insulation characteristics.

In the case of a wooden floor, the insulation is placed between the expanded clay and the floor boards. With such insulation, it is recommended to make a vapor barrier made of foil polyethylene, which is attached to the insulation boards using double-sided tape.

If the floor is cement, then the insulation can be installed under cement screed, and above it, under the floor covering. Of course, in the second case, the insulation sheets must be quite rigid.

Wall insulation

The manufactured frame of the house will be clad inside and out. Thermal insulation is attached between the cladding. This is the construction of the walls of a frame house.

Moreover, we must not forget that foil-coated polyethylene is installed on the inside of the house for vapor barrier. It is mounted between the insulation and inner surface finishing.

On the outside, reliable waterproofing must be made, which would protect the insulation from precipitation and moisture. It may be roofing material, or another suitable material. There should also be a vapor barrier, just like on inside.

If mineral wool is used as insulation, then these should be dense slabs. Otherwise, the vata will sink down under its own weight.

The choice of insulation must be approached responsibly. After all, the house should be warm.

External cladding

Many materials can be used as exterior cladding. For example, it could be lining or tongue and groove boards. The boards should be tongue-and-groove so that there are no gaps between them. You can also use ordinary boards, but they need to be mounted with an overlap, in a herringbone pattern. Can also be used facing brick. You can line the outside of the house with OSB boards and siding.

Interior decoration

For interior finishing, plasterboard is most often used. This material is easy to install, and all defects that may arise during the installation process can be easily puttied. Formed Smooth surface, suitable for both wallpapering and painting. However, for interior decoration you can use both chipboard and plywood. It's just preferable to use drywall.

Roof installation

First, the so-called “black ceiling” is made. To do this, a flooring made of various waste wood production. A layer of expanded clay is poured on top of the flooring.

The rafters are attached to the top beam. The distance between the rafters is also 60 cm. This gives even greater integrity to the entire frame. Attached to the rafters roofing material. His choice depends only on the desire of the owner and the budget. This short description roof installations for a frame house.

The most popular roofing material is corrugated sheeting. This material is released different sizes, weight and color. can be performed by a person without roofing experience.

Metal tiles, also popular construction material, combining many positive qualities: great appearance, high performance characteristics, ease of installation and ease of maintenance. The process of installing metal tiles with your own hands is discussed in detail.

Ondulin is a roofing material with good characteristics. Installation of ondulin, by the way, is the same as installation bitumen shingles, can be carried out for covering any type of roof. This is an economical, environmentally friendly, beautiful and high-quality material. The installation of ondulin is described in more detail, which discusses the step-by-step process.

Finishing touches

Installation of windows and doors. It is best to use high-quality windows as windows. plastic double glazed windows that hold heat well. Well Entrance door, too, of course, must be insulated. Partitions are installed inside the house, between rooms.

Here, at a relatively low cost, we got a pretty decent house suitable for habitation.

Video about important rules for the rigidity of a frame house

This method allows you to solve housing problems in rural areas and quickly build up dacha areas.

In addition, the frame walls of these houses make your home reliable, warm, environmentally friendly and quiet.

The first timber frame houses

This type of construction has gained particular popularity and fame due to the possibility of using more economical materials.

When erected and installed on frame walls, it takes several times less wood than for paving stones and log walls. Thanks to this feature, their weight is reduced and the house can be installed on.

For the inside of the block, a special polyurethane is used, or. Thermal insulation characteristics these materials are very high. This ensures less heat loss when heating the room. You can connect all the layers into a monolithic panel using polyurethane glue. Holes for doors or windows in such blocks can be cut at the construction site.

In terms of their design features, frame walls made of small-sized panels are no different from the features of standard wall partitions. The only difference is that during installation, the panels are laid in one piece, and their joints are reinforced with a special silicone compound. For strong grip and fixation individual parts and elements with bottom beam the fastening is fixed strictly along the seams and the inside of the assembled frame wall.

Installation of frame house walls

Installing a wall alone

The installation and installation of frame walls begins with the bottom trim. For this purpose they prepare and wooden beams. The lower trim is laid in a strictly horizontal position. All splice connections at joints and corners can be made half-timber if necessary. During installation, be sure to check the squareness of all constructed contours through measurements of the lower diagonals. Attach the lower trim with twists to the anchors embedded in the foundation.

Install the racks with a minimum step of 600 mm.

The distance between the racks for and doors can be determined by the size of the box of these elements. If necessary, their number is increased by adding window sill and overhead racks.

For strength and rigidity load-bearing structure in places where wall partition adjacent to the frame house, a special additional support is installed, which is reinforced with struts.

An upper frame is placed on top of the racks, connecting them together in half a tree. When building up the harness, its fastening is carried out strictly above the racks. The resulting frame wall structure, as a rule, is sheathed with wood or other selected materials with obligatory laying and.

When you decide to build your house, you must choose the technology for its construction. This choice depends on many factors. First of all, everyone thinks about the cost of future construction. So, financial expenses for the construction of a brick or log house will be equal to $530-870 per 1 m². But the price for a frame wooden house equals $350-625 per 1 m². Moreover, the construction process frame houses takes only about 3 months.

If you decide to build a frame house with your own hands, then it is important to decide what it will be like - frame-frame or frame-panel.

Tools and materials

• perforated metal brackets;
• self-tapping screws;
• nails;
• dowels;
• hammer;
• cement;
• sand;
• shovel;
• shields;
• beams;
• bars;
• logs;
• boards;
• OSB boards or DSP;
• roofing felt

Features of the construction of frame houses

The frame of the house is based on the lower and upper frames and vertical wall posts. After the foundation is erected, the house is equipped with external and internal cladding, between which insulation, vapor and water insulators are installed. As final stage construction includes exterior and interior decoration.

If we talk about the design features of panel and frame-frame construction, they are almost the same, since in both cases there is a frame. However, there are still some differences.

The construction of the panel frame of the house is carried out from ready-made panels that were obtained in the factory. Such buildings are installed mainly on the base belt type. The construction of the panel frame of a house cannot be carried out without the use of special equipment, which is used to deliver the material to the construction site, after which a crane must be used, which is needed to install the panels and the roof of the house.

Before installing the shields, it is necessary to install a base under them, which consists of separate trusses made of wood and having upper and lower frames.

The logs act as the top frame of the trusses that underlie the house's panels; the floor will be built on them.

There is another option for installing the base for panel walls; it can be played by an embedded crown made of timber. In this case, the floor joists are not connected to the embedded crown and walls.

The shields are attached to each other according to the tenon-groove connection principle; as an analogy for this type of fastener, metal linings can be used; for this, after the installation process, the shields must be strengthened with an upper trim made of timber.

Wooden house frame type, as a rule, has a rafter roof. They are mounted on the building or attached to roof trusses.

The frame of a house made of panels has many advantages, including the ease of erecting walls, saving time on construction, the stability and strength of the walls due to the strapping, and the ability to carry out construction at any time of the year. In addition, such houses do not shrink, which means they can be finished immediately after construction.

The technology for constructing frame-frame buildings involves arranging a frame on a mortgage crown made of logs, the latter of which are mounted on the foundation. The frame of the house is made with your own hands from logs or beams, but the frame posts are connected to each other by the beams of the upper and lower frame, as well as horizontally located jumpers. The structure gains rigidity due to the jibs mounted between the frame posts.

Installation roof trusses The roof is laid on the side walls, and the sheathing is laid on the surface of the rafters. Construction of such wooden house can also be done at any time, and the work does not require special equipment.

Figure 1. Methods for connecting beams at the corners.

If you want to build a frame house with your own hands, but still don’t know whether to incline your choice towards panel or frame technology, then it is worth considering that the price of a frame-frame building is 15-20% lower than the price of a panel house. Frame houses, although they have no restrictions in the choice of forms of architectural design, unlike panel houses. However, the time costs will be 40-50% higher.

When covering the frame of a house, you can use 2nd grade boards; this will cost much less. For comparison: the cost of 1st grade material is $175 per 1 m 3, 2nd - $115-135 $ per 1 m 3. It is acceptable to use OSB or DSP boards.

By building a frame house with your own hands, you free yourself from arranging boxes and niches for the location of communications, since as a design feature buildings, it is possible to hide communications within the walls of the house, however, this may complicate access to them. When laying the electrical network in the walls, attention should be paid Special attention, since the walls are not fireproof.

The frame of the house has a light weight, which is 35% less than the weight of the log house, this is very impressive, since log houses are distinguished by their lightness. Therefore, the construction of a frame house with your own hands can be carried out not only on a lightweight foundation, but also on weak-bearing soils, including sandy and swampy soils.

Sequence of construction of a frame house

A week after laying the foundation, you can begin assembling the frame of the house. Often, during the process of pouring the grillage, studs are placed in it to secure the beam of the bottom frame. If the wood intended for the frame has not been dried, then it should be mounted and sheathed with OSB as soon as possible. Lumber should be treated with an antiseptic before construction begins.

Roofing felt will be used to provide waterproofing for the foundation and joist supports. Nails and screws will be used as fasteners.

Installation of the timber underlying the lower trim involves laying it on a grillage on which roofing material is laid. The timber must be laid on a horizontally aligned grillage. You can get rid of unevenness using a solution.

You can join the beams of the lower trim using the method of picking at the corners. Although there are a great many sampling options, it is recommended to use 1 out of 2, both can be seen in Fig. 1.

In the corners, the beams can be connected with an anchor, which secures them to the foundation. The beams can be joined with nails, the minimum length of which should be 150 mm; 4 nails should be used per corner.

In those places where the beams are connected, you should drill a hole, the diameter of which is 20 mm, you need to drive it into it wooden dowel, made of dried oak, it must be left 8-10 cm above the surface to fix the corner posts frame system.

If there are no studs embedded in the foundation, the timber can be fixed to the base with anchor bolts, the diameter of which is 16 mm. It should be driven 100 mm into the base.

Next, you can begin to fix the bottom frame beam using anchors. Holes for anchors should be drilled into the concrete of the grillage. Afterwards, it is necessary to create holes in the strapping boards in the places intended for anchors. The beam must be fixed to the base using nuts, which are equipped with wide washers.

As soon as the beams of the lower frame are secured to each other and to the base, it is permissible to begin working with the vertical posts of the frame. At this stage of building a house, you should install corner posts with your own hands. If the beam of the bottom frame in the corners was reinforced with an anchor or nails, the corner post should be fixed with metal corners, for which it is preferable to use reinforced corners.

If dowels were used, then vertically located outlets should remain, and the corner posts must be placed on them. To do this, it is necessary to make a hole in the lower end of the rack, the diameter of which is 20 mm, its depth should be 1 cm greater than the length of the protruding part of the dowel. Corner posts should be put on the dowel and reinforced with jibs.

The remaining racks that make up the frame of the house can be attached to the frame by cutting or using galvanized metal corners, the thickness of which should be 2 mm. If you are building a house with your own hands, then you may prefer the method of attaching the racks with corners, which should be done using galvanized self-tapping screws designed for woodworking.

When strengthening the racks using the cutting method, it is necessary to apply markings to the beam of the bottom frame and arrange grooves according to the dimensions of the rack; their depth should be equal to the limit of 30-50% of the height of the beam, which makes up the bottom frame. Regardless of which method of fixing non-corner posts it was decided to use, they must be secured with jibs. It is permissible to install 2 jibs on a rack or 1 long one on several racks at the same time.

If the frame of the house does not have a pre-created layout for the walls, be sure to take into account that the pitch between the racks at the locations of the openings may be different. That is why now it is possible to make a layout with dimensions.

The frame of the house at the corners in the process of attaching the beams of the upper frame should be joined by cutting. The timber that makes up the upper frame should be fixed to the vertical posts using the same method that was chosen for fixing the posts to the bottom frame. Fastening should be done with wood screws.

If fastening is done by cutting, then before putting the bars on the vertical posts, it is necessary to form grooves for the posts in them; it is important to ensure that the grooves are positioned strictly vertically in relation to the grooves in the lower frame.

After the grooves are ready, the timber can be installed in place on the vertical posts, and then fixed to the frame; this must be done for each vertical rack, using 2 nails, which should be driven into the rack 10 cm.

When building a house with your own hands, the wooden frame must gain rigidity and stability; for this, diagonal connections, called slopes, should be used. Each rack in the house must be fixed with 4 jibs, 2 of which must be located below, the other 2 - respectively, on top. But you should get rid of the temporary jibs that were installed earlier.

If the slopes have a smaller cross-section compared to the main posts, it is preferable to fix them closer to interior lining frame system, this will allow a heat insulator to be placed between the jib and the outer skin.

The technology in which you build a frame house with your own hands, at the next stage involves attaching shelf beams, where you can use one of existing options fixation. Thus, the installation can be carried out using perforated metal brackets for the beam, in addition, it can be fastened using metal corners. Another method is fastening by cutting.

You can support the beams using the cutting method on the beams that make up the upper frame by arranging grooves at the end of the beams, the width of which is equal to the width of the beam. The depth of the groove should be 30-50% of the height of the beam. The edges of the beams should be fixed to top harness, using 2 nails, recessing them into the rack by 10 cm.

For small and short parts that will form the basis of the building frame, the remains of long elements should be used. Those that turned out to be bent or deformed at the time of production are also suitable. Some materials can be reused.

Thus, boards that were used for temporary bracing can be cut into permanent jibs. Elements of the formwork of the base of the house are suitable as temporary spacers. This reuse materials should be planned in advance, then they will have to be purchased in much smaller quantities than originally planned.

Improper storage of lumber can lead to damage, which is detrimental to savings, so they should be carefully protected from getting wet and dirty.

It should be remembered that burning lumber that has been treated with an antiseptic has nothing to do with saving. In particular, such materials should not be burned in a bathhouse, as this is hazardous to health.

You can not only build a wooden frame house yourself, but also do it without the additional help of professionals; such technologies allow you to carry out the construction process without having skills in this area, because it easier construction brick houses.

It will be easier to assemble the frame of a house with your own hands if you purchase ready-made factory-made panels, rather than wood for frame technology. However, you can save more in the latter case. After completing their operational life, it is recommended not to repair such houses, but to demolish them and rebuild them; it will be cheaper, and the foundation will no longer have to be installed, since it will not collapse under such a light construction.