How to build a country house with your own hands (57 photos) - the technology of building a frame structure. Which house is cheaper to build in the current economic conditions? What material for building a house is better and cheaper

Building a new home is always a big expense. Few people can afford to build without paying attention to estimates. Most often, you have to save money to fit into the budget. However, the savings must be reasonable, because the owner and his family will live in the new place. The building should be warm, dry, comfortable, pleasing to the eye. How to achieve this without overpayments? First of all, save on a team of workers. If the developer has the necessary skills, then everything or almost everything can be done by yourself. You can also choose inexpensive materials, available technologies, a standard project. What is the cheapest way to build a house with your own hands? What is worth saving on, and where is it better not to take risks?

Savings start with project selection. The more complex the architectural forms, the more expensive the construction. It is irrational to try to cut costs at the expense of workers, technical supervision or the quality of materials by initially choosing an expensive project.

It is better to clearly define the necessary living space, without depriving the family, but also without allowing yourself extra square meters, choose a simple roof shape. This will allow you to create a cozy home that fully meets the needs of the family, but without architectural "excesses" - a multi-pitched roof, bay windows, columns, arches.

It makes sense to consider construction options for a one- or two-story structure with a residential attic.

A residential attic is much more profitable than a separate floor. For the construction of the floor, more materials will be needed - for walls, insulation, decoration

If you choose lightweight building materials and suitable technologies for building walls, you can save on foundations. You will need a less powerful structure, plus the formwork can be made from substandard boards, used fiberboards.

The only thing that is undesirable to cut costs is cement. It needs to be bought of high quality, otherwise the strength of the structure will be a big question. The depth of the trench under the foundation must also correspond to the estimated weight of the building in order to avoid heavy settlement, which can lead to cracks in the walls.

What is most often used in construction:

• brick;
• timber;
• gas block

In the construction of houses and cottages, frame technology is increasingly being used. This is a promising method that allows you to build quickly and at minimal cost.

To find out what the building will cost the cheapest, you will have to calculate estimates for each of the options, because. the cost of the material itself is far from always an indicator of benefit. For example, opting for multipurpose resources can help reduce costs. The cost of hydro, vapor barrier "two in one" will ultimately cost less than buying two different types of insulation.

When calculating, one should proceed from the fact that the finished building should be comfortable for living, comply with heat saving and safety standards.

The advantages of a frame structure are in less time and labor costs for the construction of a building. The design is light, does not create an increased load on the foundation and does not require its strengthening

A dwelling using this technology is being built in terms of several weeks to several months, depending on whether the owner builds it himself or hires a team. Finished buildings are durable, resistant to deformation. The estimated service life is about 75 years.

Bearing structures are convenient for subsequent sheathing with finishing materials, because. all elements are unified. This significantly expands: siding, cassette panels, block house can be mounted on the walls. When sheathed, the strength of the entire structure increases without a significant increase in its weight.

Construction video

There are two main technologies, each of which has its own characteristics.

Frame-panel. What is the cheapest way to build a house? Collected by myself. Of course, this will require skills and equipment. Thanks to this type of construction, this is possible, although it will take a lot of time and additional money to buy insulation and other things. The frame is made of wood and sheathed with sandwich panels. Each part has to be mounted separately, which affects the timing and complexity of construction.

Frame-panel. This option is expensive, but reliable and requires much less labor. The design is assembled from ready-made shields, which are manufactured at the factory by special order. Shields are delivered already insulated and completely ready for assembly. If we compare the prices of panel and panel buildings, then the former are more expensive. However, the final cost may turn out to be the same if workers are invited to assemble frame-panel housing, because you have to pay for all types of work separately - assembly, sheathing, thermal insulation, finishing.

The assembled wooden frame already looks like a finished house. It only requires sheathing and finishing. Steam and waterproofing materials are installed in the walls of the structure at the factory, which helps to increase the life of the building

Undeniable advantages of technology:

• Profitability. Light weight is an obvious opportunity to save on the foundation, and short terms - on the payment of workers. It is believed that houses built using frame technology are the cheapest, but in many respects the cost-effectiveness depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bconstruction, the selected components, finishes, etc. Calculations by experienced engineers show that this is beneficial if the length of the building does not exceed 20 m, and the number of storeys is 3. Often, everything is decided by the project.
• High energy saving ratio. Designs quickly and efficiently warm up. The walls are made of materials with low thermal conductivity, thanks to which the structure retains heat well. The thickness of the wall can be 15-20 cm. Additional benefits include lower heating costs compared to a conventional building of the same area.
• No shrinkage. The walls of the structure are durable, resistant to deformation, they are highly rigid, and the house itself does not shrink. This also has a positive effect on the timing of construction: finishing work can begin immediately after the completion of the main work. Sheathing does not require additional processing, which reduces the cost of finishing.

Disadvantages or things to consider:

• To assemble such a structure, special knowledge and tools are needed. The qualifications of builders are of fundamental importance, so not every developer can do it on his own, and the team will have to be carefully selected.
• Wooden frames require additional treatment with compounds for biological and fire protection.

When choosing a project, special attention should be paid to ventilation. Artificial materials perfectly insulate, but from the point of view of environmental safety, they leave much to be desired. If the dwelling is small, then theoretically it is possible to get by with natural ventilation, but ideally, a system of normal air exchange should also be calculated and installed for it.

When mounting frame structures, "wet" technologies are not used. This feature is a big plus, because. allows you to work at any time of the year

Tightness is one of the main advantages of a frame house, because. serves as a guarantee of good thermal insulation. But it also has a downside - a violation of air exchange. So that human waste products, dust and other factors do not worsen the microclimate in the building, do not reduce the amount of oxygen in the air, it is necessary to design a high-quality ventilation system

What to make from:

• Wood. Despite all kinds of processing, wood is exposed to moisture, microorganisms. On average, such a frame serves up to 60 years and is inferior to metal counterparts in terms of strength, lightness, and resistance to destructive environmental factors.
• Metal. For manufacturing, a light thermal profile is used. Its advantages are excellent fire resistance, low weight, corrosion resistance. Metal parts are not subject to attack by fungi and mold. All this can increase the service life of structures up to 100 years.

What is cheaper to build? When drawing up an estimate, a clear advantage will be behind a wooden frame. However, if we “look into the future” and take into account the higher performance properties of the thermal profile, then its service life fully pays for the costs.

The foundation can be chosen tiled, columnar or tape, depending on the type of soil. You can save on an easy-to-install roof - gable or attic. The choice is up to the builder.

Material on the construction of a veranda in a frame-type cottage may also be useful:

1 sq. m metal frame weighs 30-50 kg, with sheathing - about 200 kg. The small specific gravity of the finished house allows you to build on unstable soils. The profile is also used in the reconstruction of buildings with heavily worn load-bearing structures.

Option # 2 - brick building

Brick is one of the most popular. Houses made of it can hardly be called cheap. The walls have to be made thick, plus they require additional insulation, which leads to an even greater increase in the cost of structures. The weight of the finished structure is large, so the foundation needs to be really strong. It is done to the entire depth of soil freezing.

It's hard to save money on it. The disadvantages include long, laborious construction. However, the durability of structures, their fire safety and practicality largely offset the costs.

If you look at the prices for the construction of a solid building on the websites of specialized companies, you get the impression that the cost is low. However, even the price of turnkey construction does not include fine finishing: installation of flooring, interior doors, plumbing fixtures, etc.

If you do all this yourself, then only the cost of purchasing materials should be added to the cost. If you need to hire workers, then also pay them. Construction is profitable only if the owner of the site initially correctly selected the project and can perform most of the work on his own.

Video: about brick for buildings

Option # 3 - aerated concrete blocks

Aerated concrete block is a worthy competitor to traditional brick. Building a box is much more profitable than building it. The wall thickness can be reduced by 1/3 without loss of thermal insulation properties. The material itself is noticeably lighter, which allows savings due to the foundation. An additional "bonus" for the owner of the house is good sound insulation.

A dwelling made of aerated concrete blocks "breathes", air exchange is not disturbed in it, because. through pores. However, for the same reason, blocks are considered not the best option in terms of waterproofing. If construction is carried out in violation of technology, the finished structure can also be blown through. You need to pay attention to the finish.

As for the construction time, an aerated concrete structure can be erected 2-3 times faster than a brick one, it practically does not shrink. To connect the blocks, special adhesives are used. In this case, it is undesirable to use a conventional cement mortar, because. it gives thick seams, which can cause the formation of "cold bridges".

One of the disadvantages of aerated concrete blocks is the relatively low frost resistance, so you have to take care of a quality finish. As materials, you can use plaster, siding, stone

Option # 4 - economical timber buildings

For the developer, timber is more profitable than anything else. If we compare timber and brick walls in terms of heat-saving properties, it turns out that a structure made of spruce with a thickness of 220 mm and brick with a thickness of 600 mm will be equally warm. Usually, a 200 mm beam is taken for construction, a 100 mm thick insulation is used and a plaster layer of 20 mm is applied.

The advantages of the beam:

• profitability;
• fast construction (built in a few weeks);
• simple technology;
• environmental Safety;
• excellent thermal insulation;
• comfortable microclimate;
• lightness of construction.

If you choose what is cheaper to build a house from, then timber is a win-win option. It is profitable, and the technology is simple, and almost any owner of the site can master it, if he already has the skills of the construction business.

When building houses from a bar, you need to carefully design heating and power supply systems. Buildings are considered fire hazardous. Also, the tree is afraid of moisture, therefore, it requires protection from dampness and fungus.

Compare prices per square meter

How and from what it is cheapest to build can be seen in the figures of the estimates. If the calculations are based on average indicators (the depth of soil freezing is 1.5 m, groundwater is 2.5 m, sandy loamy soil), then we can determine the cost of building 1 square meter. Depending on the components, the numbers will be as follows:

• frame construction - 875 rubles;
• brick - 2330 rubles;
• aerated concrete - 2000 rubles;
• timber - 1900 rubles.

Review of popular materials - video

Obviously, a frame house will cost the developer the cheapest. When finally deciding on the choice, you need to take into account all the features of the project, the soil, the site itself. The calculations do not include payment for the services of the construction team. Hired labor is an additional (and considerable!) item of expenditure.

After acquiring a suburban area for a summer residence, the question of how to build a country house with your own hands becomes relevant. Well, to build it yourself is quite possible, unless, of course, a huge “palace” is conceived, requiring the involvement of construction equipment and a team of professionals.

Usually compact buildings are chosen for summer cottages, but, nevertheless, the house must have everything necessary for rest - rooms, kitchen, veranda. The latter will become a favorite place for an evening pastime all family. It is very important to make the country house cozy and comfortable, so you need to think through all the nuances of its arrangement.

The optimal material for summer cottage construction is wood, and the principle of construction is a frame structure.

Of course, the first thing that will need to be done is to decide on the place and size of the building, draw up a project, and plan further work.

Proe kt of a small country house

The size of the future home largely depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe summer cottage, the number of family members and the material capabilities of the owners. If you plan correctly, draw up a successful project and choose an inexpensive but high-quality material for construction, you can save space, money and time.

In any case, the first steps are drafting

Most often, a country house has a size of 5.0 × 6.0 or 4.0 × 6.0 m. Buildings of a larger area are erected much less frequently, and, mainly, in those cases when they are planned to be operated year-round. But this is more likely to be not a country house, but a full-fledged country house.

The layout of the location of the house may have to be carried out on the basis of requirements that may be established by the board of the gardening partnership, therefore, when purchasing, you need to find out about such nuances in advance. Most often, the following distances are required:

• The house should be installed at a distance of 3 meters from the border of the neighboring site, and from the fence separating the site from the general passage (street) - at 5 meters.
• In order to ensure fire safety, a stone house is placed at a distance of at least six meters from another stone structure, and ten meters from a wooden one. If the house is wooden, then it should be installed at a distance of no closer than 15 meters from another wooden structure.
• So that the house does not cover neighboring buildings from sunlight, if it is placed on the eastern, southern or western side of the site, it is located at a distance from another residential building, at least equal to its height.

Usually, the highest is chosen for the installation of a country house. place in the area where water will not collect when snow melts or from heavy rains. High humidity under the house will never benefit any building material, but it will always negatively affect the overall strength and durability of the structure.

Most often, the following technologies for its construction are chosen for the construction of country houses: frame-panel construction, log cabins, walls made of blocks or bricks.

For summer cottages, projects of one-story houses with closed or open verandas or terraces are mainly chosen. Often the building has an attic used to store garden tools and other things that seem unnecessary in everyday life, but which can always come in handy in the country. However, it also happens that in some projects there are no attic floor beams at all, and then the roof slopes also play the role of a ceiling.

If the family is large, and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe plot is not as large as we would like, then you can plan a two-story house that takes up very little space at the base. In this case, the first floor can be given over to the living room, terrace and kitchen, and on the second floor - to arrange cozy sleeping places for the whole family.

Not necessarily in a country house, to build a full-fledged second floor, since an attic superstructure can perfectly fulfill its role. Having finished it with natural materials, you can create a wonderful healthy country atmosphere there.

Country houses are mainly used in the warm season, starting with the arrival of spring and ending in autumn. Therefore, they do not require enhanced insulation of walls and roofs, but devices for space heating should still be provided - in case of cold nights or a drop in temperature during unstable weather. Usually, electrical appliances are used as heaters, for example, convectors or infrared film emitters, but sometimes owners even prefer to install fireplaces or cast-iron heating and cooking stoves.

By the way, if the construction of a real fireplace or a brick oven is planned, then they must be included in the draft project.

There are also ready-made options for country houses, which are sold as a set in disassembled form, which you just need to deliver to the site and assemble. Any such set of parts must be accompanied by detailed instructions that set out the procedure for carrying out work, the main technological methods and the connection diagrams of individual elements and assemblies.

For land owner, who has basic construction skills, it will not be difficult to assemble such a country house on your own. The main advantage of this option can be called the fact that often the kit already includes everything you need for the building's electrical network, for its ventilation system, and even for installing a water supply system.

Video: a small, neat country house that lives up to its name

What type of house to choose?

Having decided on a rough plan for the future house, you need to choose the material for its construction. Not only the type of the building itself will depend on this choice, but also the comfort of staying in it, as well as the costs of its construction.

• The traditional material for a country house is wood, which will create a favorable microclimate in it, filling it with the smells of the forest. A wooden house can be built in a frame way, from timber or logs. The disadvantage of wooden buildings is the high fire hazard of the material.

However, wooden houses have always been built, and many of them have stood for centuries. Today, special fire-retardant impregnations are on sale, which significantly reduce the risk of fire in wooden buildings. And in general - the most important thing here is not the material, but the human factor - it is the neglect of the elementary requirements of fire safety by people in the vast majority of cases that causes a fire.

• The construction of a brick structure will cost much more, but it can with great reason be called a full-fledged house, which can be used not only in the summer, but also, if necessary, in the winter, if you install a stove in it. Brick buildings are much less prone to fire and, with high-quality masonry, will last a very long time. Their disadvantages include a more complex and lengthy construction process, requiring special skills, and a high price for materials.

• Very often, when building a country house, different materials are used. For example, a house is built of wood, but on a foundation of concrete, brick or blocks.

This option can be called optimal, since the foundation of moisture-resistant materials will create optimal conditions for the construction of wood walls, thus becoming a reliable foundation for the house.

It is this last option that is worth considering, since it is the most popular of all types of country houses.

Stages of building a country house

Materials for building a country house

If you don’t want to mess around with calculations, then it’s better to purchase a prefabricated model of a house that has a certain area, for which you only need to prepare a place.

In all other cases, you will need to purchase building materials. Their type, size, volume, total number - all depending on the size of the planned building, which is determined by the project.

Prices for various types of timber

foundation material

For any type of foundation you will need the following materials:

- sand, gravel, cement;

- third-rate board and timber for formwork;

- brick or concrete blocks;

- waterproofing material (roofing material);

- expanded clay of the middle fraction.

Wall and roof material

Since wood was chosen for the construction of walls, then, based on this, other materials will be selected:

- bars and boards of different sizes, depending on the design parameters;

- fasteners - nails, screws, bolts, studs;

- corners of different configurations, metal plates - for fastening knots;

- vapor barrier film;

- insulation - mineral wool, ecowool or expanded clay;

- to cover the roof, it is better to choose a light material - ondulin or corrugated board.

After the installation site of the future house is determined, the materials are purchased, you can proceed to the arrangement of the foundation. True, to begin with, you still have to decide on its type.

The foundation of a country house

Even when building such a small and light building as a wooden country house, you can’t do without a foundation. In the case under consideration, one of two types is ideally suited for this purpose - this is a columnar and strip foundation. Which one to choose depends on the preferences of the builder.

• The columnar foundation will be a less expensive option, as it will allow you to seriously save on building materials. In addition, such a foundation can be completed independently, without outside help, which will also save some money.

How to build correctly, you can find out with all the details by following this link to the corresponding page of our portal.

• To create a strip foundation, you will need not only more materials, but also a fairly long time. This is not surprising - a trench will need to be dug around the entire perimeter of the future house, waterproof it, install the reinforcing structure, build the formwork and fill the pit with concrete. And after that, whether you like it or not, it will also take a month until the filled tape completely solidifies and it gains brand strength.

However, the strip foundation is still very popular among individual developers. This option is convenient in that it allows you to make a basement under the house, however, for this, the foundation walls will have to be raised above the soil surface by 700 ÷ 800 mm. described in detail in the article, which can be found on our portal by clicking on the link provided.

If a columnar foundation is chosen, then it is recommended to remove the top layer of soil by 150 ÷ ​​200 mm from the site, which will be located under the house and around it by 500 ÷ 600 mm. Then fill in the resulting pit with a layer of sand of 30 ÷ 40 mm, which should be compacted. A layer is laid on top of the sand cushion medium fraction crushed stone and is also compacted, and the remaining space must be covered with expanded clay of the middle fraction. All these procedures are done so that small rodents cannot get close to the house. They do not tolerate expanded clay (especially small ones), as it contains a large amount of dust and has a loose surface.

Expanded clay of fine fraction - an excellent remedy for rodents

To protect the house from the penetration of large rodents or other uninvited guests from the animal world, it is advisable to close the space under the house with a metal mesh with cells no larger than 10 mm.

Construction of a frame structure

For a country house, the best choice is a frame structure

The frame house can be placed both on a columnar and on a strip foundation. Construction always starts from the foundation, which must be securely waterproofed two or three layers of laid roofing material.

• If the project provides for a veranda, you must immediately separate its zone, over which a roof will be erected, but there will be no solid walls. To support the roof over the veranda, you can use the racks of the general frame of the walls. Another option - veranda will be attached to the house separately.
• Without exception, all wooden blanks must be treated with antiseptic compounds and fire retardants. These impregnations will increase the resistance of wood to fire, to decay, will prevent the appearance of nests of insects or colonies of representatives of microflora - mold or fungus.

• After the blanks have been properly prepared and completely dry, during construction, the lower frame (crown) is first made, which will be laid on the foundation and will subsequently be used to mount the floor.

For the floor to be reliable, for the frame it is necessary to take high-quality bars of the desired section. If funds allow, it is better to choose wooden elements not according to the “lower limit” of sizes, but by laying a certain margin in their cross section.

The table shows the optimal dimensions of a timber for a frame house:

• The support beams of the frame are mounted on coronal bars located along the perimeter of the foundation, at a distance of 600 ÷ 700 mm from each other. They are fixed with the help of corners or by tie-in. If the elements are large in cross section, they can additionally be fastened with metal brackets.

• When the lower trim with support beams is ready, wall frames are made. They can be assembled separately, and then, in finished form, are lifted and fixed to the frame strapping bars.

Another option is to lift the frame directly in place. For example, if a house is being built on its own, without assistants, then it will be very difficult to lift the finished frame from the shade alone to the height of the strapping, set it evenly and temporarily, until it is finally fixed, fix it. And this means that each of the bars will have to be set separately.

• The size of the bars for the racks of the wall frame should be at least 100 × 100 mm, but it can also be mounted from boards with a cross section of at least 50 × 150 mm.

The bars are fixed to the lower harness with the help of powerful corners that are able to keep them in a vertical position. It is best to use not nails, but a self-tapping screw for fastening - the difference in price is not so significant, but the quality and reliability of the assembly is incomparably higher.

• When installing vertical racks, you must immediately mark the location of the openings for windows and doors. It is best to leave the area where they should be installed in the frame free, and install the part of the wall with the window opening separately.

Then, when the upper strapping bar is installed and fixed on all other vertical racks, the section with the window opening is fixed in the place left for it.

• All four walls are assembled in the same way. At the corners, the side posts are fastened together with corners, or instead of two separate ones, one common corner post is mounted. It is recommended to support it with diagonal braces on both sides - they will stiffen the entire wall structure.

• The doorway is equipped in the frame immediately. It is reinforced with an additional rack, since the hinged door has a certain weight, which must be calmly supported by both the reinforced opening and the entire wall frame.

• If it is planned to sheathe the frame on the outside with clapboard, then the next step is to carry out this event. Sheathing will give the structure additional rigidity, which will allow you to continue the installation of the attic floor and

The installation of the floor can be carried out immediately after the outer wall cladding, but only if the roof is covered with a roof on the same day. It is highly undesirable for a freshly laid floor covering to get wet if it suddenly rains at night. Therefore, it is better to solve the problem with the roof first, and then calmly deal with all other construction activities inside the house.

Roof construction and roofing

Types of truss systems

A few words need to be said about the types of truss systems, since, moving on to the construction of the roof, you need to have a general idea about this, to know which design is better to choose.

Rafter systems are of two types - hanging and layered.

Hanging system

The hanging truss system is distinguished by the fact that it is arranged only on external load-bearing walls and does not have other supports. It is perfect for erecting over a small country house. In order to lighten the load on the wooden walls and on the foundation, the hanging rafters are fastened with a puff.

The hanging structure itself consists of a transverse beam, which also performs an overlapping function, and can simultaneously be a frame for filing the ceiling, as well as rafter legs that form the roof slopes.

Layered system

The layered system is installed if the house, in addition to external walls, has internal capital partitions, which will become additional points of support. Such a scheme can also be used in the construction of the roof of a country house, if it has a large area and its rooms are separated by walls built on a foundation.

With this system, the load on the load-bearing side walls becomes weaker, so fewer retaining elements can be used. It is great for attic structures that will be used as living quarters.

floor beams

An important structural element - floor beams

The beams are laid exactly above the vertical posts of the wall frame. In order for them to fit snugly on the upper strapping belt, grooves are cut at their edges. The size of the grooves can be calculated based on the formula shown in the figure.

Beams are fixed to the frame structure of the walls with nails or self-tapping screws, and in addition they are sometimes fixed on both sides with metal corners.

Having completed the installation of the overlapping beams, you can proceed to building the roof truss system. For safety reasons, temporary plank flooring is laid on the floor beams to ensure the comfort of movement along the attic plane during the installation of rafters.

Installation of the truss system

The roof truss system can be mounted using a different sequence of fixing its elements:

• First option. It is necessary to fasten the extreme pairs of rafter legs on the ground, then raise them to the harness and install them ready-made on the gable walls of the house. And then connect them with a ridge beam, and already mount the remaining pairs of rafters on it.
• Second option. To begin with, install the middle racks along the gables, then fasten them with a ridge bar or board, on which the rafters are then attached.
• Third option. In this case, pairs of rafter legs in their upper part are fastened together with a ridge pad, and their lower side is fixed on the wall trim, which in this embodiment will act as a Mauerlat.

The cross section of the beams or logs used for the rafter legs must be strictly maintained - depending on the rafter length between two fulcrum, and depending on the step between adjacent pairs of rafters

The maximum allowable length of the rafter leg (in mm)	Rafter spacing (in mm)
	1100		1400		1750		2100
	Section of the rafter leg (in mm)
	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø
up to 3000	80×100	100	80×100	130	90×100	150	90×160	160
up to 3600	80×130	130	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180
up to 4300	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180	100×200	200
up to 5000	80×180	180	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-
up to 5800	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-	-	-
up to 6500	100×200	200	120×220	240	-	-	-	-

It should be noted that the rafter attachment point in its lower part will depend on the angle at which they are fastened on the ridge and how long they are.

If the rafter is long enough and protrudes beyond the bearing walls, then a notch is cut out on it, with which it will be installed on the strapping beam (). An example of such a cut is shown in the picture:

If the rafter ends at the edge of the load-bearing wall, then its lower edge is cut off at a right angle with respect to the Mauerlat, and the leg itself can be fixed on it using a special mounting plate, sliding support, corner, bracket, nails or long self-tapping screws.

If the house is very small, then after fixing the rafters on the strapping, tying them with a ridge beam or board, you most likely will not have to install additional retaining elements.

Detailed information about the exact one can be obtained from a special publication of our portal by clicking on the recommended link:

For the installation of additional, reinforcing elements of the truss system, the material can be selected in accordance with the recommendations indicated in the table:

Prices for various types of fasteners for rafters

Fasteners for rafters

Roofing system

After the rafters and additional elements form the roof slopes, you can proceed to the installation of the subsystem for roofing.

• The first thing that needs to be done from the outside of the roof, after installing the rafters, is to lay a vapor barrier film, securing it first with brackets, and then with counter-lattice strips on the rafters.

The film is laid perpendicular to the rafters, starting from the lower, eaves of the roof. The overlap between two adjacent strips must be at least 200 mm.

• The main crate is mounted perpendicular to the counter-lattice, on which the roofing material will be attached. The installation step of the guides depends on the type and size of the roofing material sheets.

If, however, a soft roof is chosen to cover the roof, then instead of the laths of the lathing, the slopes are covered with a continuous one - with plywood, and then with waterproofing sheets of roofing material, which is overlapped by 150 ÷ ​​200 mm and glued together with bituminous mastic. Another option is to use soft bituminous decorative tiles, which are laid using a similar technology.

• For wooden houses, the following roofing materials are most often used (depending on the steepness of the roof slope).
  

• On the prepared base, the selected roofing material is laid and fixed. Work starts from the cornice, and if the first row is laid from right to left, then all other rows are mounted in the same way.

Some types of roofing materials have a strictly specified installation scheme in the direction, which cannot be changed. This must be indicated in the instructions attached to them.

Also, for any type of sheet roofing materials, the amount of overlap in the direction of the slope (usually 150 ÷ ​​200 mm), and the number of waves (relief protrusions) in the horizontal direction, along the roof, is determined.

• Almost all roofing materials are fixed on the crate with the help of special nails or self-tapping screws with waterproofing gaskets.

• It is very important to choose and fix the ridge elements of the roof correctly, otherwise it will leak at the first rain. Usually the ridge element is selected from the same material as the covering of the roof slopes.
• Further, the cornice overhang of the roof is finished - this can be done with a wooden or plastic clapboard. Sometimes special plastic elements - soffits - are used for these purposes.

• Then, elements of the roof drainage system are installed on the windboard - funnels, gutters on brackets, pipes, etc.

• Further, the gable sides of the truss system are sheathed. Most often, wooden or plastic lining or even planed boards are used for this.

For lining along the perimeter of the gable triangle, a special profile is fixed, into which panels prepared and cut at the right angle will be installed. Installation is usually carried out symmetrically - from the middle rack to one and then the other side - then the skin will turn out to be even and neat.

By the way, to mount the lining, besides, you can horizontally, herringbone or come up with a more complex pattern.

Detailed information about the technology can be found in the article posted on our website by clicking on link.

Now, having finished the external roofing and being sure that the rain will no longer get inside the country house, you can proceed to the installation of windows and doors, insulation, flooring and wall cladding.

Installation of windows and doors

• Window frames are mounted in the frame openings left for them, set according to the level. For preliminary fixation, when the frame is set, spacers made of wooden bars or slats are installed between it and the bars of the opening.

Then, after checking the correct installation, the frames are attached to the wall frame with metal strips. The remaining gaps between the frame and frame bars are filled with mounting foam. After it dries, the excess is cut off, and platbands are installed around the windows on the outside of the wall, which will close the unsightly appearance of the gaps and give accuracy to the general appearance of the house.

• The installation of the door is best done together with the door frame, if it has sufficient rigidity. This will make it much easier to align the entire structure to the level in the doorway of the wall.

The door is best installed as a block - together with the frame and leaf

Exposing the door frame, if necessary, to achieve a clear vertical position, enclose wedges (inserts) from wooden slats. The door frame is fixed to the frame in the same way as window frames, using metal strips, and the gap is filled with mounting foam.

Having installed windows and doors in all, you can proceed to the installation of the floor.

Installation and floor insulation

To begin with, the temporary flooring from the boards (if there was one) is removed from the lower frame, and then you need to install the subfloor.

• To do this, cranial bars are nailed or screwed onto the frame load-bearing beams. They are necessary for laying transverse subfloor boards on them.

• Further, boards sawn exactly to size are laid on the cranial bars, or plywood 8 ÷ 10 mm thick - this flooring will serve as a subfloor.
• From above, the laid subfloor is closed hydro- paro— insulating film, which should cover both the load-bearing beams and the entire floor plane. Individual sheets of material are overlapped (by 150 ÷ ​​200 mm) and glued at the joints with waterproof tape.

• Further, insulating material is laid or poured on the vapor barrier film. If there is no desire to have as neighbors who like to settle under the floor, then it is better to use expanded clay of medium or fine fraction, or ecowool, to insulate the floor - these toothy pests simply do not live in such materials.

• On top of the insulation, another layer of film membrane is laid, which is nailed to the supporting beams with brackets. The laying principle is exactly the same as on the subfloor.

With the floor - finished!

• Then the whole structure is covered with thick plywood or wooden floorboards.

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

Measures for additional thermal insulation

When the floor is completely ready, the walls of the house are insulated and sheathed from the inside. If the building will be used only in the warm season, then the insulation will still not hurt - it will work as an insulator of the premises from heating in extreme heat. Therefore, it is recommended to lay a thermal insulation layer not only in the walls, but also in the ceiling, and if it is absent, place the insulation along the inner slopes of the roof.

• First, vapor barrier material is fixed to all walls and ceiling beams. Then the ceiling is sheathed with clapboard, plywood or drywall.
• After covering the ceiling, the walls are insulated. At the same time, insulation mats are laid between the racks of the frame. It is necessary to make sure that the mats stand as tightly as possible with an emphasis on the bars of the wall frame, so that there are no gaps left.

That is why mineral wool is most often used as a heater - after dense laying between the racks, it will straighten out, completely filling the entire space. The material is usually selected so that the thickness of the mats and the thickness of the frame posts are the same.

• After that, all walls are again tightened with a vapor barrier film.

• The next step is wall cladding with wooden clapboard, or plywood. The latter, with subsequent decorative wall decoration, can be painted with water-based paint or wallpapered.

• Further, the attic floor is insulated, where the insulation is placed between the floor beams.

If the ceiling is sheathed from the side of the house with drywall or clapboard, then we must not forget that it is impossible to step on it, since the sheathing will not support the weight of a person. It is necessary to move carefully along the floor beams.

• In the event that the attic is planned to be used for storing various garden accessories, then on top of the insulation on the floor beams, it is necessary to fix the flooring from boards or plywood with a thickness of at least 10 mm.
• The finishing touches of the interior decoration will be the installation of platbands on windows and doors, ceiling and floor plinths and closing the corners with fittings.

Extensions to the house

The last stages of arranging a country house are installation work on the veranda and on the porch.

If space is left in advance for the veranda on the frame lying on the foundation, then a board is laid on this space to cover the floor (material for open areas is used), a fence is installed and a canopy is mounted.

If the foundation is raised high enough above the ground, then a porch is also attached to it.

Building a country house with your own hands is a completely doable task, but it will be quite difficult to manage without helpers. Therefore, it is best to seek help from a knowledgeable craftsman who has experience in such work, will always give useful advice and show how certain nodes are correctly mounted in the house structure. You can "mobilize" relatives and friends - it is possible that a knowledgeable person will be among them.

Video: construction of a country house using frame technology

Owning a suburban area gives you the opportunity to fully enjoy the fruits of your country work and get some rest at the fragrant shish kebab feast. But what is a site without any building on it. And if there are no funds for capital construction, then you can build economy-class country houses, which will become a seasonal haven for vacationers or workers in the country, and will also serve as storage for all garden tools.

About what is cheaper to build a garden house and how to do all the work correctly, in our material below.

Materials for the construction of an inexpensive country house

To understand what you can save on when building a country house, and how to build a cheap cottage, you need to explore all possible options for building material. So, you can build an inexpensive cottage with your own hands from the following materials:

• Frame-panel fragments. Here a beam is used for mounting the frame, and chipboard, fiberboard, OSB, etc. can be used as sheathing. Polystyrene or mineral wool boards can be used to insulate such a house (if desired). As a result, the house can be operated not only in the warm season, but also in winter. A feature of the installation of such a frame-panel house is its indisputable savings. After all, it is fashionable to mount the building practically from improvised means, which every summer resident / gardener / craftsman will surely have a lot of. In extreme cases, you can borrow the remnants of the material from the neighbors.
• A log house can also be made in the country. Such construction will cost a little more, but at the same time the house will be stronger and more durable. The only drawback of wood (especially if the cheapest planed timber is used) is that it shrinks. As a result, cracks and gaps appear in the walls. You will have to additionally insulate the building so that you can operate the country cottage without problems.
• In response to the question of how to build a cottage cheaply, we can advise you to build clay building. That is, to make a kind of adobe house. The construction technology is simple and similar to modeling. The materials for installation will cost the master almost nothing, since the clay and straw from which the adobe house is built is practically underfoot. Such a clay country house, with proper observance of all installation rules, can become a durable building for any season. The only drawback of a adobe house is that it will take a lot of time to build it. Maybe not even one season.
• Caravan house. This version of the device of a country cottage inexpensively is the simplest. You can find a more or less decent trailer, which is simply installed on the site. If desired, water and sewerage are supplied to such a trailer.

Important: under any type of inexpensive country house, you can arrange lightweight types of foundations - pile or tape shallow. And this is an additional point of savings in construction.

Frame-panel house: work technology

To build such a house using frame technology, you will need to prepare material in accordance with the given perimeter of the building. From the materials you will need the following:

• A bar with a section of 100x100 to create a frame for a house;
• Self-tapping screws and metal corners for fastening frame racks;
• Boards or plates of fiberboard, chipboard, OSB;
• Warming material (if desired);
• Piles for the foundation and a metal channel for tying the piles.

We work in this way:

• In the designated places at the corners of the future house, it is worth mounting driven piles. The supports are also mounted under the joints of the walls and under the bearing partitions, if any, in the project of the house. As supports, you can also mount monolithic concrete pillars, as well as brick supports. In any case, the pillars are mounted on a sand cushion to a depth of at least 60 cm. In this case, both concrete and brickwork should be reinforced.
• The finished supports are tied with a channel or an I-beam, spreading waterproofing material over the pillars.
• Then, a timber crate is laid on the resulting belt, which will become the base plate of the frame. That is, the timber should lie along the perimeter, and wooden logs are arranged on top of the timber strapping in increments of 50-60 cm. All wooden elements are securely fastened together with metal corners and self-tapping screws.
• Now it's the turn of the vertical beam racks. They are mounted in increments of 50 cm, securely resting against the timber strapping. For additional fixation of the longitudinal supports, jibs are arranged on each side. You can also mount cross jumpers.

Tip: it is better to assemble the frame on the ground in parts, and only then raise it and fix it to the base.

• As soon as the entire frame is ready, the upper strapping of the vertical racks is performed. And on top of the upper belt, attic or floor logs are laid.
• The finished frame is sheathed with selected shields, securely fixing them and leaving room for window and door openings.
• From above, the house is sheathed with any insulating material, not forgetting to lay steam and waterproofing materials.
• As an exterior finish, you can choose a profiled sheet or siding.

Important: in order to further save on the construction of a house for a summer residence, the roof is made single-pitched and covered with light roofing materials.

• Additionally, you can save on the installation of simple wooden window frames and doors. This is how it turns out to quickly build a house.

Timber country house

In this case, the work will be performed in a different sequence. First of all, it is worth preparing such material:

• Bar of any section. But it is worth remembering that the larger the cross section of the material, the stronger the finished house will be.
• Wooden dowels made of hard wood.
• Roofing material.
• Board for the floor.

The work is carried out in this way:

• First arrange the foundation. It can be either tape shallow (40-60 cm in height, including the base), and columnar / pile. But in any case, the concrete should dry well, and its top and all other sides should be waterproofed with high quality.
• On top of the foundation, a lining board made of moisture-resistant wood is laid. At the same time, the board is fixed to the foundation with construction anchors, deepening them by 15-20 cm into the base.
• After that, the laying of the timber begins, joining it at the corners into the bowl. That is, you will have to work extra, forming grooves for laying the timber.

Important: each crown must be controlled horizontally.

• After 2-3 rows of crowns, the timber is additionally fixed with construction dowels. To do this, holes are drilled to the entire height of the stacked three crowns, which are staggered. Dowels are stuffed into the holes. At the same time, it is worth remembering that the next time the dowels need to be shifted relative to those already mounted below.
• Fully assembled walls are covered with floor beams, cutting them into the upper crown. The beams are laid in increments of 40-60 cm, and then they are covered with a floorboard.

Important: the floor in the house is arranged according to the same principle. If desired, both the upper and lower floors can be insulated with mineral wool or polystyrene slabs.

• The roof of a finished log house can also be made single-pitched in order to save money.

Tip: a house made of timber needs time to shrink for about six months or a year. It is recommended to cut window and door openings after the tree has shrunk. Otherwise, the house can lead a lot.

clay house

If you don’t know what to build a cottage from, then try to mount an environmentally friendly adobe house in the country. You'll have to drive here. The fact is that for the construction of such a building, a large amount of clay and straw should be prepared ahead of time from the summer. It is these components that will become the main ones in the construction of a cheap house.

• So, after the clay rests for the winter, it can be put into action. To do this, clay is loaded into a specially prepared pit and moistened with water in an amount of 20% of the total mass of the material. Chopped straw moistened with water is also added here. The straw cutting length should be 9-16 cm.
• The whole mass is thoroughly mixed. You can with your feet. And for the strength of the adobe mixture, lime can be added to the solution. It will strengthen the fortress of the finished house.
• The mass is left overnight, and in the morning adobe blocks are made from it. To do this, the mixture is rammed into a specially prepared form, cutting off the top of the mixture with a fishing line or wire. Five holes are made in the blocks so that moisture can freely leave the brick.
• Finished blocks are knocked out and laid on a platform under the sun, arranged at an angle.
• After two or three hours, the blocks can be transferred to the shade and left on edge until completely dry.
• Thus, a sufficient amount of adobe brick should be prepared.
• The construction of the house is carried out on the foundation laid in advance. Masonry is carried out according to the principle of brickwork. And the same clay mass is used as a solution. The width of the seam in this case should be no more than 1 cm.

Important: you need to lay adobe blocks no more than two rows per day. This is necessary so that the adobe mixture can dry thoroughly. At night, the rows of masonry are covered with a film.

• Once the walls of the adobe house are ready, they can be plastered inside and out.
• The floor in such a house is made on the ground, first laying waterproofing, and then laying logs and insulation between them.
• The roof of an adobe house can be any, but it is important to make good ledges (at least 70 cm) so that the moisture of rain or snow does not spoil the clay walls. When arranging the windows of an adobe house, it is worth making visors over the frames and ebbs in the window sill area. A house built in this way will serve the family for decades.

trailer house

The simplest type of country house for a seasonal stay, as an answer to the question of how to build a summer house. Moreover, the trailer can be installed simply on brick pedestals-supports, installed simply on a sand cushion. There should be one support post per meter of trailer length. The trailer, if desired, can be insulated, and then such a country house will become cozy even in winter.

Remember: you can build a country house with your own hands from any material, the main thing is to comply with all the basic requirements for each type of raw material used.

So, you have finally decided to build your own house. And, of course, the first question that arose before you was “What is cheaper to build a house from?” The budget is quite often an obstacle on the way to a good warm house in which you can live comfortably all year round. But should it be? Maybe it's the wrong calculations and illiterate selection of materials? But there is also no desire to save on their housing. The house should be reliable, strong, warm and cozy. How to achieve this? What is the cheapest and best way to build a house?

The Teplo Doma company is engaged in the construction of all types of houses. We know which house is better and which is worse, which house is more expensive and which is cheaper? An objective assessment of the construction of houses from various materials has been prepared especially for you. During the analysis, it will be found out from which material it is cheaper to build a house.

You can contact a specialist of our company and discuss all the nuances personally, or you can first read the information provided.

Let's get started.

Note! The cost calculations given in this article are made on the example of a house of 180 sq.m. with an interior Savoyardi 250. The foundation of the building is pile-grillage, the roof is a metal profile or metal tile. A standard set of engineering works - electricity, plumbing, septic tank, sewerage, heating, air conditioning and so on. Project and estimate - free of charge. The prices for work and materials in 2017 were used in the calculations. In your particular case, the cost of construction can vary significantly, both up and down.

We DO NOT build houses from timber cheaply

You have probably heard about the construction of wooden houses at a low price. A house made of timber seems to be such an elegant structure. Yes, his appearance deserves special attention. But is it effective to build a wooden house? Why is wood used as a material for building walls? Let the house "breathe". Right? But timber is not the best material in terms of resistance to heat transfer. Yes, this indicator is the most important if year-round living is planned in housing. How to create comfortable living conditions inside such a building? According to GOST, the thickness of the walls should be approximately 55 cm.

Half a meter wooden walls are at least an expensive pleasure. In addition, such thick walls of wood are not erected anywhere. It turns out that wooden house needs to be insulated as well as interior and exterior decoration. BUT this in turn will prevent the house from "breathing".

The Teplo Doma company does not take this option seriously, so we do not build turnkey log houses cheaply. But you can do it yourself. However, all of the above should be taken into account. It will be cold in an uninsulated house, and building 55 cm walls is expensive.

brick house

Now that's another matter. We are used to seeing brick houses everywhere. This is an affordable and not very expensive material. However, to say that we are building the cheapest brick house is also impossible.

Firstly, I would immediately like to note that the thickness of the walls in such a house should be at least one and a half full-bodied bricks. But this, of course, is not enough to create a cozy temperature in the house in winter, and even in summer. Such thin brick walls have strong thermal conductivity. Therefore, they must be supplemented with 100 mm of insulation. Of course, the thickness depends on what material will be chosen as a heater (mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, and so on). If you do not want to use insulation, be prepared to build brick walls 52 cm thick. So you can meet the requirements of GOST R 54851-2011 and not freeze in the winter.

Please note that a wall 52 cm thick will “eat” a large area either in the house or on the site. In addition, building a house cheaply on a turnkey basis will prevent the high cost of the foundation for heavy brick walls. It is also worth considering that brick walls are far from perfectly even, so finishing them will also cost a lot of money and effort. Plus, building a brick house will require quite a lot of cement mortar. Well, let's not forget about the two-layer crate of the facade. All this in the end will significantly increase the final cost.

In fact, it turns out that building a brick house is the most expensive, not the cheapest. For example, let's take a building with a total area of ​​​​180 square meters. m. Its average turnkey cost with finishing and engineering in Moscow and the region will be approximately 7 125 000 rubles. This is 57,000 rubles per 1 sq.m.

House made of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks

Building a house from aerated concrete blocks is a good choice. This is a great material and very easy to work with. Walls made of autoclaved aerated concrete are considered to be warm. However, they still need to be insulated. The thing is that at high humidity this material loses its heat transfer properties. A 5 cm insulation is enough to achieve positive results.

The walls, as in the case of bricks, for such a house should be quite thick - 49 cm. But the cost of the foundation will be slightly reduced due to the fact that the foam blocks are lighter. It is difficult to say that building foam blocks at home is cheap. But it will be cheaper than brick.

Medium the cost of a house made of aerated concrete will be 6,558,000 rubles. By the way, this is almost 500,000 rubles cheaper than building a brick house.

Ceramic block house ST300

Building a house with ST300 porous ceramic block is a good choice. This material does not require insulation, due to this, the final cost of housing is reduced. However, when working with the ST300 ceramic block, the instructions must be strictly followed. Otherwise, disruption of technology may become a serious problem in the future.

Here are just a few of the details you need to be aware of:

• Ceramic blocks are cut using special equipment.
• To fasten the crate, liquid nails should be used together with the dowel-nails.
• The blocks are laid on warm glue using a grid.
• For laying internal communications, plastering of the walls with a layer of 30 mm is required.

It should be noted that all these nuances, or rather the time, effort and money spent on the technology of working with a ceramic block, will be included in the cost of the house.

The pleasant moment is that at last we have reached such material which does not demand the big thickness of walls. 34 cm is enough to feel comfortable inside the house. And this is taking into account the fact that no insulation is used outside. The small thickness of the walls saves usable space.

But perhaps the most important plus of warm ceramics is a relatively inexpensive foundation. At least these works will cost the owners much cheaper than in the case of building a brick house or a foam block building.

Medium the cost of a ceramic house is 6,298,000 rubles(we are talking about a building with an area of ​​180 sq.m.). Such housing is in the middle of the conditional table of the cost of houses from various materials.

Houses made of reinforced concrete panels with rock wool insulation and BENPAN+ ventilation facade

It will be not only cheaper to build such a house than all those listed before, but also easier. Thanks to the special BENPAN+ technology, as well as the properties of reinforced concrete panels, some stages of work are excluded. For example, there is no need to plaster interior walls. During construction, all communications fit into the thickness of the walls. The outer surface does not need to be prepared separately for cladding.

Savings on everything: internal works, external works, laying of engineering communications.

Of course, you can choose the option - "we build cheap houses from blocks", but if you want to save a little more without losing quality, then you should opt for reinforced concrete panels and BENPAN + technology.

The cost of building such a house with an area of ​​​​180 square meters. m. is 6 235 000 rubles.

You can discuss the conditions for building houses using the BENPAN+ technology right now in the online chat.

frame houses

And finally, we have come to the last option that we would like to offer you - this is the construction of a frame house. If you were looking for the cheapest accommodation, you have found it. What is the cheapest house to build? It is this one.

Frame houses are in no way inferior to housing from any other material. And in most cases, they do the opposite. Perhaps the most important of which is the price.

I would like to point out right away that the cost of a frame house with an area of ​​180 sq. m. is 5,268,000 rubles. This is almost 2,000,000 cheaper than in the case of a solid brick house.

Cost reduction is achieved at all stages of construction, excluding the roof and interior decoration.

The walls in such houses are built of wooden beams, which are upholstered on both sides with OSB. Insulation-polystyrene foam is placed inside. Outside, the walls are finished with siding, and inside with drywall. In a frame house you will be both warm and comfortable. But the main thing is that you will be able to enter it to live in 90 days.

The final price comparison table for houses from different materials

Cheaper to build or buy?

Many are interested in the question of what is cheaper to build a house or buy a finished one. In fact, this topic can be discussed. The cost of a finished house may vary depending on the situation on the construction market, as well as the desire of the investor to quickly sell the building. All the nuances of building a house are negotiated in advance, so the price at the exit will not change. You cannot influence the house that has already been built in any way, if you wish, you can only redo something, and these are additional costs. Should they be included in the total cost? Or you decide something from the category "Nothing, and so, in principle, it's good." At the design stage of the project, you can influence the development of events. As a result, at the output you will see what you wanted. No additional expenses. I would like to say that a finished house will cost more, but this is not entirely true. At the design stage, you can make changes that were not originally planned. Changes will increase the price and you will overpay. You want to move quickly, so force the construction crew to hand over the house early. It will also seriously increase the final cost. There are a lot of factors affecting the price of a finished house and a house under construction. It is possible to consider the situation in a vacuum, but this makes no sense.

What is cheaper to build or buy? There is simply no answer to this question.

Which house is cheaper? Frame. Which house is better? One in which you will be happy.

We build houses in Moscow and the region

The Teplo Doma company is engaged in the construction of houses from various materials. We can easily find the option that is right for you. If you decide to order the construction of a house from us, then the project, estimate and other documents and drawings can be obtained free of charge. We are a serious company that knows everything about the construction of houses. Our craftsmen are experienced professionals who know their job well.

In principle, each material for building a house has its undeniable advantages and disadvantages. The abundance of choice complicates the question of which house to build for permanent residence. One thing is for sure: for heavy and light materials, the main thing is skillful hands of the builder. An error in the calculations will come back to haunt you in any case and will surface the next day or 10 years later, when it will be very difficult to correct.

What material to choose, what is better and cheaper to build a house from? We will conduct a brief review, as well as materials for their construction.

What are heavy and light materials?

Heavy materials for construction include, as the name suggests, stones, various blocks, bricks, slabs. For houses made of heavy materials, an appropriate foundation is also needed. The most commonly used tape, but if the ground is not the best, it can be combined with a pile-screw.

When it comes to lightweight materials, it means wood, frames. Of course, these are only conditional names for such houses, which does not mean that the house will be really easy in the end. for wooden houses it is better to choose the best possible one. stand for several hundred years and the foundation should not fail.

For frame builders, you can save a little, choosing a simple pile option. The “shelf life” of the skeleton is up to 100 years, therefore, if the soil allows you to save money, this is quite realistic.

Brick - expensive, but for centuries

As they say, a brick can handle everything: hurricanes, frosts, unbearable heat - the natural mood is changeable.

However, this material is able to withstand not so much.

According to statistics, the "shelf life" of a brick house reaches 200 years.

Due to the fact that the material has been used by builders for a very long time, usually there are no problems with hiring craftsmen.

The range of types of bricks is also for every taste:

1. Ceramic bricks are made from clay, molded and fired in special kilns. Possesses high level of strength, refers to environmentally friendly materials for construction. Of course, if it is made with high quality and production standards are observed. It happens solid and hollow (inside up to 50% of voids). For construction, the second subspecies is a priority, since the more voids in the body of the material, the higher its heat-retaining property.
2. Silicate brick is made from lime and sand. It is white in color and looks great, especially the whole subspecies. Lightweight silicate brick - looks very messy, but has higher thermal insulation property.
3. Ordinary and front subspecies of brick will also find application in the construction of a capital house. Ordinary - in the inner masonry, facial - will decorate the house from the outside.

Be sure to pay attention to the labeling before ordering a batch of material. It is done in order to know whether the masonry of a particular brick will withstand the weight of the structure and natural phenomena. Usually the material is marked with the letter "M" with two or three numbers. The minimum strength value per square centimeter is 75, the maximum is 200.

Important: During the construction of the basement, the minimum strength is 150; when building a two-story house, batches with a strength of M125 should be purchased. The more floors, the heavier the attic, the higher the coefficient should be, respectively, the brick will be heavier, and the cost per cubic meter of material will be higher.

For construction in Russia, especially in the outback, it is very important to take into account the fact that frosts in winter can disperse in earnest. The marking “F” is responsible for frost resistance, and the indicator varies from 15 to 100.

For facing a house in a temperate climate, the F50 marking is used; F25 masonry can be done inside. The higher the marking index, the more times the brick will survive freezing without damage to the structure.

Brief summary and characteristics of the material:

• you get an expensive box of a house and a foundation;
• very expensive, presentable appearance of the final work;
• phenomenal durability;
• precipitation, temperature fluctuations are unimportant;
• excellent fire resistance;
• difficult to lay out the box;
• rather "dirty" construction, you need a lot of extra space around.

Conclusion: brick building is a costly and time-consuming process.

However, all costs, including financial ones, will be more than repaid for the long life of the building. Properly selected brick and competent builders prolong the life of the house up to 100-200 years without changing the original characteristics.

concrete blocks

The second most popular material for laying load-bearing walls, in comparison with brick. Strong material, more profitable financially and much easier to build. In summer - the house is kept cool, in winter - warm and cozy, precipitation and other natural phenomena are not terrible quality concrete block.

Advantages of building from concrete blocks:

1. The first thing I want to note is the fire resistance of the material. Concrete does not burn, so, unlike building with wood, the house is safe from external fires and will withstand direct fire for several hours.
2. The material tolerates frost well.
3. For those who need good sound insulation in the house, construction from concrete blocks is suitable. Due to the structure of the concrete itself, extraneous noise will not be heard in the house.
4. With proper construction, thermal insulation is quite good. Together with an external, well-built heating circuit, you can achieve good savings on home heating.
5. It is possible to operate a building from blocks, as well as from bricks, for a long time. On average, without a major overhaul, the house will please 80-120 years.
6. Concrete blocks do not rot, are not covered with mold and fungus.
7. The versatility of the material allows you to build residential buildings, and garages, and multi-storey buildings of any type.

The disadvantages include unpresentable appearance of the house without finishing. Therefore, when calculating the budget for construction, one should take into account the external “marafet”. In addition, construction should only be done in dry weather and takes a considerable amount of time, due in part to the changeable weather. Due to the high level of groundwater in some areas of the country, waterproofing may be necessary.

What you need to know about concrete blocks?

Concrete blocks are of several types and differ from each other:

• brand (from 50 to 100) - this is an indicator of the strength of the product;
• frost resistance - from 15 to 200.

Strength marking must correspond to the total mass of the building. That is, for the basement - the highest value, for a house of 2 floors - approximately M75 (it also depends on the size of the attic). Frost resistance, as already discussed, depends on the location of the future building.

Very important for quality construction explore the soil under the place for the house. To do this, it is better to play it safe and hire specialists, which will also be very costly. But, if you choose the wrong type of foundation and the building starts to drive, the costs will be even greater. For "restless" lands, a monolithic type of foundation is suitable (if the house is not large), as well as pile and tape.

Conclusion: concrete blocks are only slightly inferior to brick in their qualities.

However price and ease of construction are more attractive, if you choose between these two materials. Additional costs may apply for waterproofing, as well as external insulation and finishing.

Construction from natural stones

People have been using natural stones for a very long time. Many old-timers remember the times when the construction of this material cost a penny, as the stone was not highly valued and was simply mined. Natural stone was especially available in areas close to the place of extraction.

Now the situation has changed radically and allow yourself construction of sandstone, shell rock, granite, basalt is sometimes more expensive than you would like. Things are more or less good with the construction of natural stone near the mountains, that is, near the place of extraction.

Advantages use of natural stone for building a house:

• for non-remote areas, this material will be inexpensive, the farther from the extraction sites, the more expensive the quality material will be;
• the material is the cleanest in the ecological concept of all heavy building materials;
• the blocks are quite large, so the construction will not be delayed;
• depending on the deposit, the porosity of the shell rock is different, which means that the thermal conductivity also changes;
• good sound insulation;
• perfectly survives all weather changes, does not rot, is not covered with bacteria with proper construction.

Like any other material, natural stones have their own limitations:

• heavy: you need a good, expensive foundation and additional costs for the construction of the box;
• different shapes of each block create additional difficulties when docking, more cement will be required;
• very serious waterproofing is required: the material absorbs moisture;
• the facade of the wall made of shell rock is finished on a reinforced mesh, otherwise everything will quickly fly around.

Conclusion: minor difficulties associated with the construction are more than paid off, due to the fact that the material is environmentally friendly, the house will last a long time.

Having chosen the correct density (all natural stones are also marked) stone, it is possible to equip both the basement and the upper floors with it. And the cost per cube will depend on the location of the customer.

Construction from thermal panels

Thermal panels or panels from - a relatively new product for construction. If the material for construction is selected on the basis of savings, in the first place, then you can take a closer look at this option. Frame thermal panels declare themselves as the most heat-saving material. In addition, the construction of a house from a new material is quite fast.

The panel consists of clinker tiles and thermal insulation in the form of expanded polystyrene. The main disadvantage of frame thermal panels is that they 100% synthetic material. That is, for connoisseurs of environmentally friendly buildings, panels will not work under any pretext. The material does not absorb moisture, is not subject to destruction, withstands compression very well, pressure from all sides, does not burn, perfectly withstands any natural changes.

Other dignity panels:

• excellent appearance;
• in tandem with thermal panels outside, heat losses are immediately reduced by 30-35%;
• very tight joining of panels, thanks to their precise cutting.

To shortcomings already attributed that they are not environmentally friendly. In addition, you can supplement this list with the fact that additional corner shape panels are needed to decorate the shape of the house. These building materials have passed all known tests and meet modern requirements.

Conclusion: the use of frame thermal panels is an economical option that provides a very solid look to the finished building.

The outside of the house without exterior finish will look like brickwork. The clinker board is bonded to expanded polystyrene with a special high-quality construction adhesive under high pressure, which ensures high strength of the final work.

Which house is better?

Wooden houses

The most environmentally friendly type of construction. Since ancient times, wood has been used for construction. The best trees for building a house - pine, cedar and larch. Coniferous trees are less affected by fungi, have good indicators of resistance to weather conditions. Larch material does not rot, does not fade. Natural resin has a bactericidal property.

Since time immemorial, mankind has built its homes from clean, breathable natural material - wood. A huge number of surviving architectural monuments are built of wood. The durability of such buildings is estimated in hundreds of years and is amazing.

Larch wooden houses

No wonder this tree is called "iron", those who have dealt with this material know that this wood very thick and heavy. It has an amazing quality for wood - increased fire resistance. Over time, larch only becomes denser, this is the only tree that doesn't rot at all.

In addition, for people with respiratory problems, doctors strongly recommend visiting the larch forest more often. It turns out that it is three times better for health to live in a house made of this material. Great house for living with family, children.

cedar houses

One of the most expensive building materials is oak. It is close to larch trees in density, withstands phenomenal loads. A house built from this material can withstand an earthquake of up to 7 points. In addition, cedar has the property of thermal insulation, more than other trees.

Pine timber house

Most popular building material, due to the lower cost per cubic meter of material. This material has good thermal insulation, allows you to build a house in 2-3 floors. A properly assembled house will last at least 150 years with timely care, replacement of the lower rims.

log house

This construction technology has been perfected for centuries and has come down to us in the most refined form. The trunk is cleaned of bark and dried for a long time in natural conditions.

Professional builders know that the material that is dried under a roof or a canopy on the street retains its properties much longer than those dried in the dryers of timber processing enterprises.

Log houses are unique, each house can be completely different from the others. A well-built wooden house perfectly retains heat.

In room there will always be a healthy microclimate, clean air. The disadvantages include the cost of construction and its duration.

First, a bar is purchased and dried under the flooring for at least 3-4 months, then a box is assembled. The work of the masters also flies a pretty penny. Then the log house (read:) should stand for a year or two, otherwise it will be driven and cracks will go. After shrinkage, you can do the finishing, conduct water, connect to electricity, install windows and the like. All this takes a lot of money and time.

How log houses are made:

1. The largest, resinous and thick logs are placed in the first rows - the crown of the log house. Waterproofing must be provided before laying. You can use roofing material, waterproofing, etc.
2. In each subsequent log, a longitudinal recess is made for closer contact between the rows of logs. Thus, all rows are collected.
3. After the initial shrinkage (about 3 months), the logs are marked, disassembled and assembled again, laying all the longitudinal grooves with moss, tow or modern materials.
4. After complete shrinkage (1.5 years), the logs are caulked using a heater. Caulking is done only after the roof and windows are ready.
5. Sometimes after 5-7 years, when complete shrinkage occurs, you have to caulk again, as new gaps appear and heat blows out.

Of course, the above stages are described only in general terms, but this will allow us to better visualize the stages of building a log house.

Conclusion: building a log house is a way to show your imagination to the fullest. The design of such a house can be absolutely anything. The thickness of the walls, the lower crown make the building not only warm, but also the most durable from all other wooden buildings.

Round timber construction

The construction of rounded logs is the use of even logs of the same size and diameter, which manufactured industrially. Of course, you can use your golden hands to prepare the material, but, as practice shows, this is a long and laborious task.

After the purchase, according to the construction plan, the customer receives a ready-made log impregnated with special compounds, which only needs to be assembled into a log house. The larger the house is planned, the larger the diameter of the log should be. Thanks to quality processing, the logs fit well together and each crown fits well on the previous one.

The method of building from round logs is similar to the chopped method. The advantage of this type of construction can be considered environmental friendliness and beautiful appearance, even without exterior decoration. By the way, it is not at all obligatory for most regions of the country.

Conclusion: ordering and buying a rounded log will cost more than buying unprocessed wood and peeling off the bark, processing and turning the log on your own. But, in any case, houses made of such material look very nice, respectable. The house will be warm, breathable, environmentally friendly.

frame houses

Another subspecies of construction, which is considered very new and seductive for its speed of construction.

A rigid frame is assembled from a bar, the main material is installed between the supporting beams.

Less commonly, a frame is made of metal beams, they will be discussed below.

1. Frame-panel. A frame is built from beams, sheathed on the inside and outside with slabs of large chips or others, insulation is laid between the slab material. The main advantage is the speed of construction. Of the shortcomings - the need to use special equipment.
2. SIP panels. These panels consist of insulation (expanded polystyrene), glued on both sides with OSB boards. Walls, ceilings, floors are built from this material. These panels are smaller than in the case of a panel house, so a crane is not needed and you can build a building with your own hands. Of all the wireframes, this method is the easiest for novice builders.
3. Frame houses. Compared to the rest, such a building will be the cheapest. The frame is assembled from thick boards, stuffed onto a foundation box. You can use glued laminated timber, not a board (half-timbered method of frame-frame building). The finished frame is filled with bricks, stones, double-glazed windows, wood.
4. Metal frame houses. The principle of construction is similar to the previous ones, with the exception of the frame material. Metal bases are used, in combination with slabs with insulation. Such houses are light, the service life is about 80 years (according to the guarantee from the manufacturers of such frames, which is not possible to verify). Despite the thermal profile used, more money will definitely be spent on heating such a house than on a wooden “brother”.

Conclusion: frame construction is clean, inexpensive.

In addition, little space is needed, construction can be carried out “from the body”, without unloading panels and material, if the space on the site does not allow or is occupied by plantings. To increase the life of a frame house, it is important to correctly calculate and design the frame itself, take the foundation seriously.

What is the cheapest way to build a capital house?

As already noted, a house that will stand for centuries - it is a priori expensive for its owner at the time of construction. However, for budget construction there is an innovation of the last decades - carcasses.

The lighter the walls, the cheaper it will cost. If you use inexpensive SIP panels, the price will be even lower. However, many are skeptical of the walls of the house, which can be pierced with a large knife with great effort.

Of heavy materials, construction will be the cheapest from cellular concrete or thermal panels. Construction will be expensive brick and ceramic blocks. For these buildings, the cost of work will be higher, since the blocks themselves are not easy to lift.

The same conditions will apply to the foundation: the more durable, stronger, the more expensive it will be both in terms of materials and costs for workers. Ideal for a small house pile foundation if there is an idea to attach a 2nd floor or a good attic, it is better to play it safe.

What to build a house on a small plot?

To organize the construction of heavy materials, you need a scope for the area. The site will need to be divided into zones for the foundation, for placing a warehouse with material (at least - a canopy), for mixing concrete. It is also worth thinking about the heap of garbage, which will certainly be collected.

Scraps, packages, empty boxes, defective materials, and similar working moments. Workers need a place to at least have lunch or have a smoke break.

Pay attention to construction from frame thermal panels. Despite the fact that this material is more of a heavy one, you can build from it directly from the machine. In terms of timing, finances and costs on the ground, this is a profitable material.

As for light materials, the work will require a much smaller area. Most of all - to work with beam, log, takes the least frame, especially from SIP panels. If the site is extremely small, there are already plantings or there is only space for the house, it is better to give preference to wood, carcasses.

What is the final cost of construction?

Evaluating and comparing materials, the question involuntarily arises: what, besides the main raw materials, will money still be spent on?

Not every site owner can immediately put on the table in front of the builders the amount that will be required for turnkey development.

Usually, especially for young families, it is customary to divide the work into parts and build it in stages.

So the total will be:

• the complexity of the shape of the house, its number of storeys (complication of the work of the team);
• internal layout;
• insulation;
• exterior finish;
• roofing costs;
• building materials;
• foundation - almost 40% of all costs;
• interior decoration;
• the severity of the base material;
• additional fittings;
• conducting communications;
• waterproofing;
• heating system installation;
• other minor expenses.

The list is pretty impressive. Depending on the choice of material, it can both grow and decrease. However, building your own home is a real a way to create a truly cozy dream home about which everyone fantasizes in one way or another.

The abundance of building materials in our time is growing every year. The search for the ideal material will probably continue for more than one hundred years. However, in order to build a solid house in which it will not be cold, scary or expensive to live, it is worth turning to materials that have been tested for centuries.

Out of competition will always be brick and wood. These are the most reliable, long-lived houses that are inexpensive to operate and are good in terms of environmental friendliness. If the question is financial, it is better to choose modern methods: frame houses, thermal panels.

Average by money investment at home - from sand blocks, sand-cement blocks, concrete blocks etc. Block buildings retain heat well in winter, as they cool down for a rather long time, and in summer a pleasant coolness remains indoors.