The explosion of a hydrogen bomb in the ocean consequences. Paradise Island after US nuclear tests: irreversible consequences. Video about the hydrogen bomb

Tensions between the United States and the DPRK increased significantly after Donald Trump's speech at the UN General Assembly, in which he promised to “destroy the DPRK” if they pose a threat to the United States and allies. In response to this, North Korean leader Kim Jong-un said that the response to the US President’s statement would be “the toughest measures.” And subsequently, North Korean Foreign Minister Lee Yong-ho shed light on a possible response to Trump - testing a hydrogen (thermonuclear) bomb in Pacific Ocean. The Atlantic writes about exactly how this bomb will affect the ocean (translation - Depo.ua).

What does it mean

North Korea has already conducted nuclear tests in underground silos and launched ballistic missiles. Testing a hydrogen bomb in the ocean could mean that the warhead would be attached to a ballistic missile that would be launched toward the ocean. If North Korea conducts its next test, it will be the first detonation of a nuclear weapon in the atmosphere for nearly 40 years. And, of course, it will have a significant impact on the environment.

A hydrogen bomb is more powerful than conventional nuclear bombs because it can produce much more explosive energy.

What exactly will happen

If a hydrogen bomb hits the Pacific Ocean, it will detonate with a blinding flash and a mushroom cloud will be visible afterwards. If we talk about the consequences, most likely they will depend on the height of the detonation above the water. The initial explosion can kill most of the life in the detonation zone - many fish and other animals in the ocean will die instantly. When the US dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima in 1945, the entire population within a 500-meter radius was killed.

The explosion will send radioactive particles into the sky and water. The wind will carry them thousands of kilometers away.

The smoke—and the mushroom cloud itself—will obscure the Sun. Due to lack sun rays Organisms in the ocean that depend on photosynthesis for life will be affected. Radiation will also affect health life forms located in neighboring seas. Radiation is known to damage human, animal and plant cells by causing changes in their genes. These changes may lead to mutation in future generations. According to experts, eggs and larvae of marine organisms are especially sensitive to radiation.

The test may also have a long duration Negative influence on people and animals if radiation particles reach the ground.

They can pollute the air, soil and water bodies. More than 60 years after the US tested a series of atomic bombs off Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, the island remains “uninhabitable”, according to a 2014 report by The Guardian. Even before the tests, residents were displaced but returned in the 1970s. However, they saw a high level of radiation in the products grown near the nuclear testing zone, and were forced to leave this area again.

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Between 1945 and 1996, more than 2,000 nuclear tests different countries, in underground mines and reservoirs. The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty has been in force since 1996. The United States has experienced nuclear missile, according to one of North Korea's deputy foreign ministers, in the Pacific Ocean in 1962. Latest ground test with nuclear energy took place in China in 1980.

This year alone, North Korea conducted 19 ballistic missile tests and one nuclear test. Earlier this month, North Korea said it had conducted a successful underground test of a hydrogen bomb. Because of this, an artificial earthquake occurred near the test site, which was recorded by seismic activity stations around the world. A week later, the United Nations adopted a resolution calling for new sanctions against North Korea.

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The latest fiery exchange between the United States and North Korea has created a new threat. Last Tuesday, during a speech at the United Nations, President Trump said his government would "completely destroy North Korea"if necessary for the defense of the United States or its allies. On Friday, Kim Jong Un responded that North Korea would “seriously consider the appropriate level of harsh countermeasures, the highest in history.”

The North Korean leader did not specify the nature of this countermeasure, but his foreign minister hinted that North Korea could test a hydrogen bomb in the Pacific Ocean.

"This could be the most powerful hydrogen bomb explosion in the Pacific," Foreign Minister Lee Yong-ho told reporters at the UN General Assembly in New York. “We have no idea what action might be taken as the decision rests with leader Kim Jong Un.”

Until now, North Korea has conducted nuclear tests in underground chambers and ballistic missile tests in the sky. If North Korea follows through on its threat, the test would be the first atmospheric detonation of a nuclear weapon in nearly 40 years.

Hydrogen bombs are much more powerful than atomic bombs and are capable of generating many times more explosive energy. If a hydrogen bomb were tested in the Pacific Ocean, it would explode with a blinding flash and produce its famous "mushroom" cloud. The immediate consequences will likely depend on the height of detonation above water. The initial explosion can destroy most of the life in the impact zone - many fish and other marine life - instantly. When the United States dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima in 1945, every living thing within a 1,600-foot radius was killed.

The explosion will send radioactive particles through the air, and the wind will disperse them hundreds of miles. Smoke may obscure sunlight and kill marine fauna that cannot live without the sun. Radiation is known to destroy cells in humans, animals and plants by causing changes in genes. These changes may lead to mutations in future generations. Experts say eggs and larvae of marine organisms are particularly sensitive to radiation. Affected animals can transmit radiation up the food chain.

The explosion could also have devastating and long-lasting effects on people and animals if fallout reaches land. The particles can contaminate the air, soil and water supplies. More than 60 years after the US conducted a series of atomic bomb tests near Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands, it remains “uninhabitable,” according to a 2014 report by The Guardian.

Under the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, which was negotiated with the 1996 nuclear test ban treaty in 1996, more than 2,000 nuclear tests were conducted in underground chambers, above ground and under water, between 1945 and 1996. The last above-ground test by a nuclear power was conducted in China in 1980.

This year alone, North Korea has conducted 19 ballistic missile tests and one nuclear test. Earlier this month, North Korea said it had conducted a successful underground hydrogen bomb test, causing an artificial earthquake near the test site that was recorded by seismic stations around the world.

After the end of World War II in 1946, the American military arrived in the Marshall Islands in the Pacific Ocean. They explained to the local residents what they were going to do here. nuclear tests in the name of saving humanity. No one then suspected, including the military themselves, what a disaster the “rescue” action would turn out to be. Bikini Atoll, where the tests were carried out, turned into a dead zone.

For more than 2,000 years, local aborigines lived on Bikini Atoll, which is part of Micronesia, a group of Pacific islands. After World War II, the Americans asked 167 islanders to temporarily leave their homes. The US was supposed to start testing atomic bomb"for the good of the human race, to end all wars." Local residents obediently left their homes. 242 ships, 156 aircraft, and 42,000 American military and civilian personnel invaded their territory.

Between 1946 and 1958 on Bikini Atoll were neutralized by detonating 23 nuclear devices. About 700 movie cameras were installed on the island, ships and planes - the whole world had to learn about the power nuclear bomb. Its main target was enemy ships captured during the war and transported to Micronesia. Among them was the legendary Japanese battleship Nagato, one of the most powerful ships of the Second World War. To test the effects of radiation, 5,000 animals were loaded onto military ships. In the first hours after the explosion, the radiation level reached 8,000 roentgens, which is 20 times more than the lethal dose.

In 1954, testing of hydrogen bombs began. One of the explosions was more powerful than in Nagasaki or Hiroshima. Millions of tons of sand, coral and plants were blown into the air. The scale was underestimated by the military; the explosion was three times more powerful than expected. Three small islands disappeared from the face of the earth, and a crater with a diameter of 3 km formed in the center of the atoll.

Several islands 100 miles from Bikini, whose residents were not warned and evacuated, were covered with a layer of radioactive dust 2 cm thick. Unaware of the danger, children played in the ash. By nightfall, the islanders were in panic - the first signs of radioactive contamination began to appear: hair loss, weakness and severe vomiting. Two days passed before the US government provided medical care to the islanders and evacuated them.

In 1968, Bikini Atoll was declared safe for life and local residents may return. Only 8 years later they were informed that “more than high levels radiation than originally expected." As a result, many residents died from cancer and other diseases. Today, Bikini Atoll is still considered uninhabitable.

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A North Korean official has hinted at conducting a nuclear test at sea, which would have serious environmental consequences.

The latest heated exchange of pleasantries between the United States and North Korea turned new threat. On Tuesday, during a speech at the United Nations, President Trump said his government would "completely destroy North Korea" if necessary to defend the United States or its allies. On Friday, Kim Jong-un responded, noting that North Korea “will seriously consider the option of appropriate, the most stringent countermeasures in history.”

The North Korean leader did not specify the nature of these countermeasures, but his foreign minister hinted that North Korea could test a hydrogen bomb in the Pacific Ocean.

"This could be the most powerful bomb explosion in the Pacific," Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho told reporters at the UN General Assembly in New York. “We have no idea what actions may be taken as decisions are made by our leader Kim Jong Un.”

North Korea has so far conducted nuclear tests underground and in the sky. Testing a hydrogen bomb in the ocean means mounting a nuclear warhead on a ballistic missile and delivering it to the sea. If North Korea did this, it would be the first time a nuclear weapon exploded in the atmosphere in nearly 40 years. This will lead to incalculable geopolitical consequences – and serious environmental impacts.

Hydrogen bombs are much more powerful than atomic bombs, and are capable of producing many times more explosive energy. If such a bomb hits the Pacific Ocean, it will explode in a blinding flash and create a mushroom cloud.

The immediate consequences will likely depend on the height of detonation above water. The initial explosion can destroy most of the life in the impact zone—many fish and other marine life—instantly. When the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima in 1945, the entire population within 1,600 feet (500 meters) of the epicenter was killed.

The explosion will fill the air and water with radioactive particles. The wind can carry them hundreds of miles.

Smoke from the explosion could block sunlight and interfere with marine life that depends on photosynthesis. Exposure to radiation will cause serious problems for nearby marine life. Radioactivity is known to destroy cells in humans, animals and plants by causing changes in genes. These changes can lead to crippling mutations in future generations. According to experts, eggs and larvae of marine organisms are especially sensitive to radiation. Affected animals may be exposed throughout the food chain.

The test could also have devastating and long-lasting effects on people and other animals if fallout reaches land. The particles can poison the air, soil and water. More than 60 years after the US tested a series of atomic bombs near Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands, the island remains “uninhabitable,” according to a 2014 report by The Guardian. Residents who left the islands before the tests and returned in the 1970s found high levels of radiation in food grown near the nuclear test site and were forced to leave again.

Before the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, which was signed in 1996, from 1945 to 1996 different countries More than 2,000 nuclear tests were conducted underground, above ground and under water. The United States tested a nuclear-armed missile in the Pacific Ocean similar in description to what the North Korean minister hinted at in 1962. The last ground tests conducted by a nuclear power were organized by China in 1980.

This year alone, North Korea has conducted 19 ballistic missile tests and one nuclear test, according to the National Security Initiative database. nuclear threats" Earlier this month, North Korea said it had successfully tested an underground hydrogen bomb. The event resulted in an artificial earthquake near the test site, which was the site of seismic activity stations around the world. The US Geological Survey reported that the earthquake measured 6.3 on the Richter scale. A week later, the United Nations adopted a US-drafted resolution that imposed new sanctions on North Korea over its nuclear provocations.

Pyongyang's hints at a possible hydrogen bomb test in the Pacific are likely to increase political tensions and contribute to the ever-growing debate about the true capabilities of its nuclear program. A hydrogen bomb in the ocean, of course, will put an end to any assumptions.

(hydrogen bomb prototype) on Enewetak Atoll (Marshall Islands in the Pacific Ocean).

The development of the hydrogen bomb was led by physicist Edward Teller. In April 1946, at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, conducting secret work on nuclear weapons, a group of scientists was organized under his leadership, which was to solve this problem.

Preliminary theoretical analysis showed that thermonuclear fusion easiest to do in a mixture of deuterium (a stable isotope of hydrogen with atomic mass, equal to 2) and tritium (a radioactive isotope of hydrogen with mass number 3). Taking this as a basis, US scientists at the beginning of 1950 began implementing a project to create a hydrogen bomb. To start the process nuclear fusion and an explosion occurred, requiring million-degree temperatures and ultra-high pressures on the components. So high temperatures It was planned to create a small atomic charge inside a hydrogen bomb by preliminary detonation. And the physicist Stanislav Ulam helped Teller solve the problem of obtaining pressure of millions of atmospheres necessary to compress deuterium and tritium. This model of the American hydrogen bomb was called the Ulama-Teller. Superpressure for tritium and deuterium in this model was achieved not by a blast wave from the detonation of chemical explosives, but by focusing reflected radiation after the preliminary explosion of a small atomic charge inside. The model required large quantity tritium, and the Americans built new reactors to produce it.

The test of a prototype hydrogen bomb, codenamed Ivy Mike, took place on November 1, 1952. Its power was 10.4 megatons of TNT, which was approximately 1000 times greater than the power of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. After the explosion, one of the islands of the atoll on which the charge was placed was completely destroyed, and the crater from the explosion was more than a mile in diameter.

However, the detonated device was not yet a real hydrogen bomb and was not suitable for transportation: it was a complex permanent installation the size of two-storey house and weighing 82 tons. In addition, its design, based on the use of liquid deuterium, turned out to be unpromising and was not used in the future.

The USSR carried out its first thermonuclear explosion on August 12, 1953. In terms of power (about 0.4 megatons), it was significantly inferior to the American one, but the ammunition was transportable and did not use liquid deuterium.

The material was prepared based on information from open sources