Growing and care. Xeranthemum or dried flower: growing and care, drying for winter bouquets Xeranthemum growing from seeds

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The name "Xeranthemum" comes from the Greek words "xeros" - "dry" and "anthemon" - "flower", for its widespread use in dry bouquets.

Homeland - Mediterranean, southern regions of the European part of Russia, North Caucasus, Balkans. 6 species are known. The plants are annual herbaceous, erect, densely or tomentosely pubescent. The leaves are arranged in alternate order, elongated or lanceolate. Inflorescences are single, white, pink, purple. The large petal-shaped scales of the multi-row involucre give the inflorescences a decorative effect. The fruit is a wedge-shaped, brownish-brown achene with a yellow or brown tuft. There are up to 700 seeds in 1 g.

Xeranthemum annual- X. annuum L. Homeland - the south of the European part of Russia, Crimea, Ciscaucasia, south Western Europe, Mediterranean.

The plant is annual, herbaceous. Stems are straight, highly branched, 50-60 cm tall. The leaves are sessile, linear-lanceolate, arranged in alternate order. Stems and leaves are silky tomentose. Inflorescences are single baskets, white, pink, purple, 3.5-4 cm in diameter, on long, thin peduncles. The flowers are small. The inner leaves of the multi-row involucre of the inflorescence are petal-shaped, membranous, hard, much longer than the flowers and of the same color. Blooms in July-September. The fruit is an achene. In the middle zone, seeds ripen in August-September and remain viable for 2-3 years. In culture since 1570.

In nature, plants with non-double inflorescences are more common. In floriculture, semi-double (X. a. var. ligulosum hort.), double (X. a. var. plenum.) and multi-flowered (X. a. var. multiflora hort.) forms and varieties are mainly used.

At present, only mixtures of colors of double or semi-double forms of xeranthemum are found on sale. However, varieties of this crop are also known:

Rose- with double inflorescences with a diameter of 3.5 cm and pinkish scales - “petals”;

Violetpurple- with inflorescences with a diameter of 3 cm, colored purple with a crimson tint.

Location: plots on sunny places, cold-resistant.

The soil: not demanding, but feels better in light nutrient soils. To obtain friendly shoots in initial period requires enough vegetation wet soil, and from the moment budding and flowering begins, it prefers drier conditions, without the need for watering.

Care: simple and consists mainly of weeding and loosening the soil around the plants.

Reproduction: sowing seeds in March - April in boxes. Seedlings are planted in groups of 3 in 9 cm pots. Seedlings are planted in the ground at the end of May - beginning of June according to a 25 x 20 cm pattern. You can sow in open ground ridges, but flowering will not occur until August when have a nice summer. In the latter case, the seedlings need to be trimmed. IN middle lane and to the south, sowing in open ground is preferable, since the plant does not tolerate transplantation well. It's better to grow further north seedling method, otherwise the plant will bloom too late.

Usage: in landscaping, xeranthemum can be used in border plantings, flower beds and rock gardens, but is mainly used as an immortelle for cutting, which is done when the baskets are not fully opened.

For drying xerantsumum inflorescences are cut off in the phase of incomplete dissolution and dried, hanging in bunches in a dry, shaded place. To give dry inflorescences a brighter color before drying, they can be dipped in a weak solution for 2-3 seconds. of hydrochloric acid(1:12), then shake gently and dry as usual.

Xeranthemum - decorative decoration for creating original bouquets

Xeranthemum comes from the southern latitudes of Europe and is used as an ornamental plant to decorate bouquets. A genus of the Asteraceae family, it grows on rocky and mountain roads.

Description of the plant

The crop is annual, with straight branched stems, up to 60 cm high. The leaves of the flower are sessile, lanceolate, the inflorescences are solitary, collected in small baskets. The inner leaves of the plant are hard and supported on thin peduncles.

Source: Depositphotos

Xeranthemum is used in bouquets as a decoration

The fruit is an achene, ripens at the end of August, the seeds remain viable for several years. The plant can reproduce by self-sowing. Xeranthemum has been cultivated since 1570. The most common varieties include:

"rose" - with double inflorescences;
"purple" - with crimson inflorescences.

The xeranthemum flower looks good both in individual and group plantings and is suitable for cutting and making dry bouquets. The color of the inflorescences can be pink, white, purple.

Growing and care

The plant reproduces by seeds; to do this, in early spring you need to fertilize part of the soil, moisten the substrate, make drainage to a depth of 0.5 cm, sow the seeds, cover the sowing area with film to create a greenhouse.

After 2–3 weeks, seedlings are planted in separate containers or planted in open ground, carefully transporting the root system with a lump of earth. When favorable weather conditions the plant will bloom in the same season.

Plant care criteria:

light nutritious soil;
moderate watering;
weeding;
loosening the soil.

Growing xeranthemum should be done on sunny areas, but it is cold-resistant. To the north, it is better to use the seedling method, otherwise the plant may not bloom at all.

Xeranthemum from seeds quickly takes root; at first it requires regular watering, after which this procedure can be stopped altogether and watered only on dry, hot days. The plant looks great with astrantia, salvia, yarrow, mixed type as a border crop.

The plant is not damaged by pests. Withstands temperatures up to +20 °C. IN winter period requires insulation, in open ground cannot tolerate even mild frosts - root system dies.

Dried flowers retain their shape for several years. The photo of xeranthemum attracts with its riot of flowering, bright color, lush leaves and strong stem. This is an ornamental plant for decoration landscape compositions and original flower bouquets.

6 species are known. The plants are annual herbaceous, erect, densely or tomentosely pubescent. The leaves are arranged in alternate order, elongated or lanceolate. Inflorescences are single, white, pink, purple. The large petal-shaped scales of the multi-row involucre give the inflorescences a decorative effect. The fruit is a wedge-shaped, brownish-brown achene with a yellow or brown tuft. There are up to 700 seeds in 1 g.

Xeranthemum annual - X. annuum L.
Homeland - the south of the European part of Russia, Crimea, Ciscaucasia, the south of Western Europe, the Mediterranean.

At present, only mixtures of colors of double or semi-double forms of xeranthemum are found on sale. However, varieties of this crop are also known:

Rose - with double inflorescences with a diameter of 3.5 cm and pinkish petals;

Violet purple - with inflorescences 3 cm in diameter, colored purple with a raspberry tint.

Location: sunny areas, cold-resistant.

Soil: not demanding, but thrives in light, nutritious soils. To obtain vigorous shoots during the initial growing season, it requires sufficiently moist soil, and from the moment budding and flowering begins, it prefers drier conditions, without the need for watering.

Care: simple and consists mainly of weeding and loosening the soil around the plants.

Reproduction: sowing seeds in March - April in boxes. Seedlings are planted in groups of 3 in 9 cm pots. Seedlings are planted in the ground at the end of May - beginning of June according to a 25 x 20 cm pattern. It is possible to sow in ridges of open ground, but flowering will not occur until August if the summer is good. In the latter case, the seedlings need to be trimmed. In the middle zone and to the south, sowing in open ground is preferable, since the plant does not tolerate transplantation well. In the north it is better to grow in seedlings, otherwise the plant will bloom too late.

Use: in landscaping, xeranthemum can be used in border plantings, flower beds and rock gardens, but is mainly used as an immortelle for cutting, which is done when the baskets are not fully opened.

To dry, xerantsumum inflorescences are cut off in the phase of incomplete dissolution and dried, hanging in bunches in a dry, shaded place. To give dry inflorescences a brighter color before drying, they can be dipped in a weak solution of hydrochloric acid (1:12) for 2-3 seconds, then gently shaken and dried in the usual way.

Xeranthemum is an annual crop from the Asteraceae family. The plant has been known since the end of the 16th century. It comes from the southern regions of Europe. However, in Russia it has become very widespread due to its unpretentiousness.

Xeranthemum is also called dried flower. This is due to the fact that it is usually used in bouquets of dried flowers. The crop is a sun lover and cold tolerant.

The erect stem is about 60 cm high. It is covered with whitish fibers. Inflorescences are represented by single baskets. These baskets are shaped like a hemisphere. Ornamental plants usually have double or semi-double inflorescences. Available colors: white, purple or pink. The flowers have small sizes, their diameter does not exceed 3 cm. The alternate leaves usually have an elongated shape. They can also be lanceolate.

Flowering begins in July and ends in September. Flowering is abundant. Even after drying the flowers long time retain their shape and color. Xeranthemum is often used not only for bouquets, but also for decorating garden plots and flower beds.

The seeds of the plant ripen at the end of summer. They are very small in size. There are usually about 700 seeds in 1 g. They are able to remain viable for up to 3 years.

Types and varieties

Xeranthemum has 6 types.

The most common and interesting for gardeners is the annual type of this crop (lat. Xeranthemum Annuum). This variety is commercially available as plain and terry varieties. The height of the flowers does not exceed 60 cm. Colors: white, pink, purple, red or lilac. Flowering occurs from July to September in temperate climates. The diameter of the inflorescence is no more than 5 cm. The leaves have a lanceolate shape and a slightly silvery tint.

Among the varieties of xeranthemum, the following should be highlighted:

Rose- This unpretentious variety. Its height is about 50 cm. The scaly flowers have a beautiful pink color. Terry inflorescences. Their diameter is about 3.5 cm. Flowering occurs in July-August. The variety requires abundant watering;

Carmine- another plant variety. Grown to create winter bouquets and dried flower arrangements. Also used in the design of flower beds, borders and mixborders. The stems are about 60 cm high. The flowers have a rich purple color. Even after drying, the inflorescences do not lose color. The variety is resistant to cold and prefers sun. Flowering - from July to September.

Carmine

Mixtures of this crop are usually commercially available. The table below shows the most popular variety mixtures that can be easily found and purchased.

Mother of pearl bouquet. This mixture is prized by florists. Perfect for creating dry bouquets, they are also used in the design of flower beds. The inflorescences can be purple, white or pink. The diameter does not exceed 4 cm. The variety loves the sun. Also resistant to cold.		"Gavrish"
Winter Tale- terry annual plant of Russian selection. The mixture is colorful. The height of the branched stems is no more than 60 cm. Double inflorescences are pink, lilac, purple and crimson in color. The cold-resistant and light-loving variety is used in decorating borders and rockeries, but its main use is cutting for winter bouquets and dried flower arrangements.		NPO "Gardens of Russia"
Cossack- another popular mixture sold in Russia. Terry inflorescences. Colors: white, pink. The colors and shades are very rich. Grown for cutting and for flower beds. The variety prefers the sun and is not afraid of cold weather.		"Sedek"

Growing from seeds

To grow seedlings you will need wooden box or plastic container. It will be better if the container is shallow. Seeds need to be sown in March or April. The soil should be loose and moist.

Seeds are sown to a depth of no more than 1.5 cm. After sowing, the container must be covered with film.

When the seedlings reach a height of 3 cm, they are planted in shallow pots. Their depth should be no more than 10 cm. If the climate is warm, then diving can be avoided by planting the seedlings directly in open ground. However, this should only be done in warm weather so that the plants do not die. Planting in open ground is required in May or early June.

Planting and care

Planting in open ground is carried out no earlier than May. The main thing is that the time is warm. Xeranthemum is not picky about soil, but it is better to choose nutritious and light soil. It is necessary to plant seedlings in places that are rich in sunlight, since the plant loves light very much.

IN growing season It is important to ensure that the soil is moist. But during the period of bud formation, you should not water the plant abundantly. It is desirable that the soil is dry. Also during the flowering period, the watering process should be limited.

Flowering occurs in July or closer to August. If the climate is warm, then it is better to sow the seeds directly into open ground, since xeranthemum does not like transplanting.

In addition to watering, it is also necessary to loosen the soil and regularly remove weeds.

Use in landscape design

Xeranthemum is used for decoration and creation. Bright double inflorescences will perfectly decorate any garden plot. It is used to decorate rose gardens. It is great in single plantings. Also goes well with crops such as:

Xeranthemum in bouquets, collecting and drying

The crop is usually grown for cutting. With its help, beautiful flower arrangements dried flowers and winter bouquets. They are able to retain color and shape after drying.

Plants are cut at a time when the buds have not yet fully opened. They are collected in bunches and hung to dry. The drying area should be dark and dry.

For several years, dry xeranthemums retain their bright color and shape. If you want to give the flowers more bright shade, then you can use this recipe: before drying, dip the buds for a couple of seconds in a weak solution of hydrochloric acid. To 1 part hydrochloric acid you need to take 12 parts water. Then shake the flowers and dry as usual.

Bouquet of dried xeranthemum.

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