The internal structure of a gas water heater. How to use a gas water heater: new and old type The gas water heater does not ignite

2017-03-10 Evgeniy Fomenko

Let's look at the typical malfunctions of the Mila gas water heater, and what repairs you can do yourself. For example, let's take the automatic model Milla VPG 10 LCD with open type combustion chambers. All renovation work are made after closing the gas valve in the apartment.

Heat exchanger leak

One of the most common breakdowns is leaking heat exchanger pipes. The manufacturer tries to make the pipe walls thin, thereby reducing heat loss. One of side effects This means that the likelihood of fistula formation increases.

If water begins to slowly drip from the bottom of the Mila water heater, you need to remove the casing and carefully inspect the heat exchanger. Large holes will be noticeable by drops of water, smaller ones by rusty traces of a greenish tint. Since the heat exchanger makes up most of the price of the entire apparatus, you can do partial renovation with your own hands:

After the fistula is eliminated, water is introduced into the column and its operation is checked with both cold and heated liquid. You can additionally wipe it with a dry cloth to make sure there are no small smudges.

Membrane damage

The next common failure is deformation of the water block membrane. It is responsible for opening the gas when the water pressure is strong enough. Since it is flexible and made of silicone or rubber, it can stretch or tear over time.

Signs of this will be too weak a flame or no flame at all. Water may also begin to leak from under the water unit cover.

To replace the membrane, remove the casing and unscrew the union nuts at the place where the pipes are connected to the water unit. Next, the bolts from the cover are unscrewed and the membrane is removed. It is important to buy exactly the same model; the markings can be found in the instruction manual or go to the store with a removed example. When installing, make sure not to mix up the sides and align all the holes. After replacement, the device is assembled in the same way.

Electronic malfunctions

The column may not light up if it has run out of nutrients. In this case, a spark is produced, but its power is not sufficient to ignite. The control electrode does not give a signal and the gas does not start. This can be solved by replacing the batteries. To do this, you do not need to disassemble the water heater; the container is located below. It is best to purchase expensive alkaloid batteries, which will last many times longer.

If replacing the batteries did not solve the problem, the speaker control unit may have failed. In this case, you need to contact specialists who will find what exactly is faulty in the electronics.

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Geyser(water heater) - the simplest and economical solution for hot water supply to the home. This device is installed in many private houses and apartments. Older houses most likely still have early equipment. It is not only ineffective, but also dangerous. In this case, installing a gas water heater modern type simply necessary. Such speakers comply with safety regulations, are easy to use, and have a low cost.

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Rules for installing a geyser

It's easy to imagine that electrical-related equipment can cause accidents. Therefore, there are rules for installing a gas water heater, standards, failure to comply with which can lead to problems with the law. This is correct, because rash decisions of the owner of the column can lead to tragedy.

Connecting a gas water heater yourself is an extremely dangerous activity. In accordance with government regulations, only services with a special installation license can carry out this work (the same with heating). However, replacing an old device with a new one is allowed, but not thoroughly installing it from scratch.

Below are the standards for installing a geyser according to SNiP; they apply to both apartments and private houses in Moscow.

1. The room for installing a geyser is at least 7m3.
2. The wall on which it is planned to place the equipment must be made of fireproof material (brick, concrete).
3. The presence of good ventilation and windows in the room where the speaker is installed is a prerequisite.
4. The ceiling height is at least 2 meters.
5. To place the device, you will have to find a chimney in the room.
6. Adequate operation of the entire system is possible at a water pressure of 1 atm.
7. Unauthorized installation in the bathroom and toilet is prohibited. In addition, in the kitchen the unit should be located at a distance of no less than 10 cm from hob, but you can’t hang it over it.

These were the latest SNiP standards. The old ones are different to some extent. If you have an old type speaker in the bathroom, you can replace it with a new one - this will not be a violation of the law.

We prepare documents before connecting the gas water heater

Initial installation is often accompanied by at great expense and working with a lot of documentation. However, this fact does not discourage apartment owners.

If there is no gas pipeline in the house, you will have to install the gas supply lines yourself. This will require a lot of money, so it is advisable to team up with neighbors who also want to install speakers.

What documentation steps must the owner go through?

First, obtain consent from gas distributors and transporters to supply gas and to install a land allotment under the gas pipeline. Plus calculate consumption and receive an extract with technical conditions.

Secondly, create a project. This includes concluding an agreement, collecting all documents and their thorough examination, obtaining permission from inspections.

Thirdly, after completing the installation work, you need to conclude an agreement with GORGAZ and OBLGAZ.

It is impossible to legitimize such activities without the appropriate documents. Below is a list of them.

• a document confirming your ownership of the apartment (photocopy);
• 2nd, 3rd, 5th page of passport (photocopy);
• photocopy of taxpayer identification number (TIN);
• permission to process your personal data;
• a document confirming the purchase of gas and a letter indicating the conclusion of an agreement for the upcoming work;
• gas equipment maintenance document;
• technical specifications for gas connection and confirmation of compliance with technical conditions;
• a photocopy of the act stating the division of property between the homeowner and the gas distributor;
• photocopy technical passport gas meter and the conclusion on its verification; a copy of the entire project and a stamp from the Gazprom branch.

How to install a geyser

Now we have come to the actual installation of a gas water heater in the apartment. After you have managed to register the activity in all inspections, carry out gas lines, get full set documentation and fulfill all technical conditions, setting up a gas water heater will not be difficult.

Main stages:

1. Remove the front panel and use the markings of the fasteners to determine the location of the anchors. Checking the correctness of the markings is carried out using building level. Drill holes, screw in dowels and anchors.
2. Install the mounting plate (present in most models) and level with a building level.
3. Place the column directly on the plate. A characteristic click will indicate the correctness of this action.
4. From the water heater outlet to the common chimney, place corrugated pipe. Work through the wall with a hammer drill and insert a chimney there. The space between the wall and the chimney must be sealed with foam.

Choosing a location for installation

The standards for installing a gas water heater in an apartment suggest correct placement equipment. First of all, they are based on the installation of the hood in accordance with all the rules, the convenience of the location of the water heater and the possibility of conducting communications.

The volume of the room must exceed 8m3.

The wall on which the unit is hung must be fireproof. Otherwise, use galvanized a metal sheet up to 1 mm thick. If we talk about at what height to hang a geyser, then everything is accurate here - from the side panel to the wall there is at least 15 cm and in front of the front panel there is at least 60 cm of free space.

In a living space, you can either place a new appliance in the kitchen or replace an old one in the bathroom. About how to install a gas water heater in a private house, we can say that the installation rules are the same as in apartment building. These were the requirements for installing a gas water heater in an apartment or private residence. It can also be placed in non-residential specialized premises with the appropriate permits.

Preparation

If you need to replace the column, then first of all we dismantle the old device. Be sure to check the quality of the valve locking gas pipe to avoid gas leakage. All valves in the water supply must be closed.

Now disconnect all pipes and flexible hose with gas from the column. The chimney is also dismantled. The column is removed (after detaching the front panel).

Very often the wall needs cosmetic repairs. Old fasteners are removed and the holes are filled with a special solution.

During final installation, the wall is leveled. A special adapter is connected to the chimney to connect the corrugations. pipes.

Installation

You will need:

• drill (or hammer drill) with a set of drills (0.8-1 cm);
• a set of fastenings (screws, anchors), the type of fastening is selected depending on the speaker manufacturer;
• bubble, laser level.

To gain access to the water heater mounting, you need to remove the front panel. Next, according to the markings of these fastenings, mark on the wall the places where anchors or hooks are attached. The location of the marks must be checked by level. Using a drill, holes are drilled (2.4 pcs.), where anchors or dowels are then placed.

Most modern models There is a plate that is primarily attached to the wall. This greatly simplifies the installation of the gas water heater. The plate is applied to the wall, leveled and fastening locations are marked.

Drill a hole at the desired height and secure the plate, level it. Next, drill the remaining holes. This completes the installation.

All that remains is to secure the water heater. Place the front panel aside so as not to damage it (it is too early to attach it).

The chimney for the column is most often corrugated flexible pipe of steel. Go through the wall with a hammer drill, then insert the chimney. The remaining gap is either sealed with non-flammable insulation or simply filled with foam.

Gas connection

When installing equipment for the first time, a gas pipe is required. This work is performed exclusively by gas service specialists who have the appropriate permits. To do this, you will have to fill out an application and invite masters. They will work on inserting the tee into the pipe going to the slab. A pipe is connected to the tee and then moved to the installation site.

If you know exactly the model of the device, bring the tube to its junction to avoid the use flexible hose. Please note that there is a gas valve in front of the connection. First of all, the column is installed on the wall, and therefore a gas pipe is supplied to it.

An even simpler way is to bring the edge of the pipe up to a distance of 50 cm to the installation site and complete the path with a connection gas valve. In this case, you will not have to focus on the work schedule of the gas service technicians, and carry out the installation at a convenient time.

Water connection

Pipe with cold water is sent to the device, and hot distribution is carried out throughout the house. It is better to connect to the water heater using an American connection (connection with a movable snap-on nut).

Hotlines and cold water Be sure to place ball valves as shut-off valves.

The durability of the heat exchanger depends on the purity of the water. Therefore, it is advisable to install a filter.

There are two ways to lay pipes:

1. At a distance of less than 30 cm, connect using a flexible hose or copper tube.
2. Depending on the material of the main wiring, make a direct connection of metal-plastic, polypropylene, steel pipes.

Starting and setting up a gas water heater

Before starting, you should check for seams. Gas and water pipes must be sealed. To check if this is the case, there is a proven method:

process soapy water all connections and fittings;

• open the gas tap;
• check for bubbles on the connections;
• It is much easier to check water supply joints, just make sure they are dry.

The launch is carried out according to the instructions of the purchased device. Another important stage– setting. It is produced using a pressure gauge (the price of this device can vary greatly depending on the functionality). The gas pressure is set with an adjustment bolt, and the air supply is set with a wiper.

Video: connecting a gas water heater with your own hands

This complex device, like a geyser, serves quite well for a long time, care and operation are carried out according to the instructions supplied with this unit. But all things deteriorate and sometimes minor or major repairs of geysers or their prevention are necessary. As well as replacing some components of the gas water heater.

Description of the unit

The internal structure of instantaneous gas water heaters is the same and almost no different at different manufacturers. The main difference may be additional options(display, automatic gas ignition, second temperature sensor, etc.), in appearance device or design.

There is a heat exchanger installed inside - a finned copper tube through which it moves water flow. The burner located under the heat exchanger heats the tube and the water passing inside it heats up. When the water pressure is low or absent, the incoming flow is blocked by a valve (curtain), to which a spark ignition switch is attached. This is done for fire safety.

Call a professional or repair it yourself

We call the master

To repair a faulty geyser or prevent a gas leak (if you smell it), you need to call a geyser repair specialist. But if you decide to call Gorgaz workers, then do not think that they will come right away; sometimes they refuse to come, citing the fact that the repairs should be carried out by the company (or store) that installed the gas water heater.

Attention! Contact only companies that have the necessary certificates to work with this equipment.

Nowadays many “leftist” companies have divorced and calling employees of such organizations to their homes brings a number of other problems. Many craftsmen, seeing your incompetence in this area, find non-existent malfunctions of the gas water heater or deliberately inflate prices.

DIY geyser repair

To increase safety, the public is instructed that malfunctions associated with gas equipment were eliminated by employees of the relevant service. But there are problems that you can fix yourself. If you know how to hold a tool in your hands, you can repair a geyser with your own hands.

It's not very difficult if you know typical problems these water heaters. Below we will talk about the most common of them and tell you how to fix this or that breakdown. Let's start by setting up the unit.

Adjusting the burner flame height - the closer to the maximum, the hotter the water.
Adjusting the water flow - the closer to the maximum, the greater the flow, therefore, the colder the water.
Winter/Summer - mode of using the speaker in different times of the year. In winter the power is greater than in summer.

Not all craftsmen know how to properly set up a gas water heater and simply do not do it, leaving it as it is (by default). But we do not recommend leaving the settings at the factory settings and making adjustments yourself.

Temperature setting

• Set the gas and water supply knob on the heater to minimum.
• Open the gas and water supply valves on the pipelines.
• Open the tap hot water and adjust the water pressure you need using the knob on the gas water heater.
• Wait 1-2 minutes and measure the temperature. Using the gas supply knob on the column, increase the flame, thereby increasing the water temperature to the desired temperature.
• When the water temperature is comfortable, you can leave all adjustments alone and use the water.

In the future, you can adjust the temperature using another knob (supplying heated water).

Pressure setting

When adjusting the column, sometimes unpleasant moments arise. The new column either turns on at very low pressure, or does not want to start at all. This depends on increased or decreased water pressure in the pipeline and is eliminated in the following ways.

With our water quality, heat exchangers in geysers become clogged with scale quite quickly and very strongly, which reduces their thermal conductivity and increases gas consumption.

The longest process is cleaning the main tube(radiator) from deposits arising during heating tap water. If you turn the gas knob all the way and the water coming out is barely warm, this indicates a clogged heat exchanger regular scale, which transfers heat poorly.

This happens quite often if the gas water heater does not have automatic ignition (with a igniter). Scale also forms if you set it too high. high temperature heating water. The unit overheats, the tube (radiator) heats up to 80-850, which contributes to the rapid (a little more than an hour) appearance of scale. Isn't it better to just turn off the speaker in time? Then there will be no problems, because 40-600 is enough for all washing and washing processes.

Before starting work on the heat exchanger, check the inlet tap or valve. Maybe the whole reason is that they are clogged. But if they are working properly, it is necessary to get rid of deposits in the tube.

There are two ways to solve the scale issue. We will consider both options.

Auto

The Cillit KalkEx cleaning system does its job quite well. With its help you can quickly descale any boilers. Unfortunately, it is not very accessible to ordinary users of geysers.

This is an expensive method using a special device(Cillit KalkEx) and set special drugs for washing. Your speaker doesn't even need to be removed from the wall. You just need to disconnect the water hoses (inlet/outlet).

The cleaning device is connected to the column, and it is closed loop(in a circle) drives the heated reagents. The scale decomposes under their influence, is washed out and drained.

Manual

Cheap, but long and labor-intensive process. To do this, it is necessary to disassemble the water heater almost completely and then wash it manually.

They will help us with this following materials and tools:

• open-end wrenches (set);
• screwdrivers (phillips and regular);
• paronite gaskets (set);
• rubber hose;
• vinegar essence or anti-scale agent.

Disassembling the gas apparatus

To remove the heat exchanger, proceed in the following order:

• First, we block the access to cold water;
• then we remove external elements, preventing disassembly (knobs of switches, regulators);
• remove the casing, and to do this, unscrew the screws located on back wall unit, lift and remove the cover;
• open the “hot” tap;
• unscrew the supply tube from the heat exchanger and move it aside;

Flushing the system

After the water has completely drained, we put the hose on the heat exchanger tube and raise it above the level of the column. Slowly pour the solution we prepared into the hose and leave the column for 4-6 hours.

Next, you need to slightly open the water supply tap and observe the water that will come out of the column, if you see a lot of scale, it means our work was not in vain - we got rid of it. If there is no scale in the outlet water, then we repeat the whole process again.

The gas heater does not light up

1. A water heater failure can occur for many reasons. We list the most likely of them:
2. The simplest reason for this problem is the lack of normal draft in the chimney. If the chimney is clogged and there is no “draft” in it, then the column may not ignite.
3. To check the malfunction, you can bring a piece of newspaper, a napkin or a lit match to the chimney. If they flutter, then the thrust is fine. Otherwise, you will need to clean the chimney.
4. If the device (only in units with automatic ignition from batteries or electrical network) does not ignite, then the fault is due to the batteries being discharged or the wires or igniter unit being faulty. Eliminated by inserting batteries or checking the electric ignition system.

Failure of the igniter system to operate may occur due to poor pressure water. Open any cold water tap and check the pressure; if it is weak, you can call the housing office and find out what the problem is.

If the column does not light up when water is supplied or turns on only when the pressure is very high, then the problem is most likely in the membrane, which, due to wear, reacts poorly to the water passing through it. In this case, it must be replaced.

The geyser turns off spontaneously

A temperature sensor is installed on each gas water heater, which ensures that the water heater does not overheat if it fails. The speaker may turn off spontaneously during operation. It usually looks like this:

After normal operation, for some time, the heater “stalls” for about 20 minutes. After this time, it can be turned on for the same period of time. The malfunction is usually seasonal and appears only in summer or winter when the windows are closed.

The device turns off when it wants and then does not light up. This can happen when the sensor wire is shorted to the body. Check the wires to ensure they are intact and well insulated.

In order to check the sensor itself for functionality, you should remove two contacts from it and short-circuit it with a needle, a paper clip, or a piece of tin. If gas appliance turns on and works - the sensor needs to be changed.

The water heater is leaking

If you see similar stains on your column, then be sure that it is leaking and needs repair.

This malfunction can occur mainly in geysers that have been operating for a long time. The two main reasons for the leak are:

The radiator is leaking.

Tubes (bends) or gaskets in connections are cracked.
Replacing the radiator or taps is quite expensive. Therefore, there is a reason to repair the geyser on your own. For repairs you need:

• screwdrivers (cross and regular);
• open-end wrenches (set);
• solder with rosin;
• vacuum cleaner;
• solvent;
• "skin".

Sealing holes

Because of harsh conditions During operation, the radiator or taps may burn out and holes may appear on them. If you have determined where the leak is, you can repair the small hole with a regular soldering iron.

Preparing a gas water heater for repair

• Drain all liquid from the system - open only the hot water tap, unscrew the nut on the cold water inlet pipe, and most of the water will flow out;
• Remove the radiator completely;
• Inspect the entire tube. - if you see “green”, clean and inspect these places for cracks.

When you have found leaks, you need to do the following:

• clean the holes found with sandpaper and immediately wipe with a cloth with solvent (this will remove any remaining grease, carbon deposits and dirt);
• using rosin with solder, tin this place with a 100-watt hoop (if you don’t have rosin, use aspirin);
• Rub the crack or hole with solder, and after it cools, add more tin (the layer should be 1-2 mm).

Attention! In some cases, with holes of about 5 cm, craftsmen apply a “temporary” overlay made of a copper or aluminum plate, securing it with thick wire or metal tape. But as a rule, such a “temporary” solution remains for a long time. We recommend replacing the radiator completely and forgetting about its leaks

Faulty gaskets and tubes

Replacing flexible hoses of this type does not require special skills; anyone can do it with a wrench.

Very often, leaks form at the points where the taps are connected to the heater externally or to the internal components of the column. All connections are made “American” with gaskets inside.

Due to constant heating/cooling, rubberized liners either melt or lose their properties and harden. Cracks appear in them, through which water flows.
If you notice a gas column leak in such connections, replace the gaskets. Using a wrench (usually 24), unscrew the nut and replace it.

It also happens that the flanges on the tubes crack over time - in in this case you need to replace the entire tubes.

The gas water heater turns on with a bang

Be sure to change the batteries in your gas water heater on time, because if they are dead, your water heater will start making popping noises when turned on. Also, due to dead batteries, the speaker may turn off spontaneously.

These sounds when turned on and during operation indicate the following:

• due to the low gas pressure, some air got inside the system (into the burner), which caused a micro-explosion;
• the flame breaks out due to the high gas pressure;
• nozzle clogged;
• low ventilation draft;
• The batteries are low.

On your own, you can only fix the malfunctions described in the last two paragraphs.

Geyser does not heat water well

This can happen for several reasons.

• The simplest reason is incorrectly selected gas water heater. You saved money and bought a low-power heater that is unable to satisfy your hot water needs.
• The second reason is low gas pressure in the pipes (in the apartment). Call a gas technician to check the system.
• The third reason is a common blockage (nozzle, filters, scale, hoses, etc.), some types of which are described above. You can check this by the color of the fire, which changes from time to time. This is evidenced by the presence of soot.

You can only adjust the temperature and clean the column yourself.

Remember! Self-adjustment geyser and troubleshooting requires special care. If the work is performed poorly, not only you, but also completely innocent people may suffer. If you have the slightest doubt in your abilities, you should turn to gas service professionals.

2017-03-10 Evgeniy Fomenko

Let's look at the typical malfunctions of the Mila gas water heater, and what repairs you can do yourself. For example, let's take the automatic model Milla VPG 10 LCD with an open combustion chamber. All repair work is carried out after turning off the gas valve in the apartment.

Heat exchanger leak

One of the most common breakdowns is leaking heat exchanger pipes. The manufacturer tries to make the pipe walls thin, thereby reducing heat loss. One of the side effects of this is that it increases the likelihood of fistula formation.

If water begins to slowly drip from the bottom of the Mila water heater, you need to remove the casing and carefully inspect the heat exchanger. Large holes will be visible by drops of water, smaller ones by rusty traces of a greenish tint. Since the heat exchanger makes up most of the price of the entire device, you can do partial repairs yourself:

After the fistula is eliminated, water is introduced into the column and its operation is checked with both cold and heated liquid. You can additionally wipe it with a dry cloth to make sure there are no small smudges.

Membrane damage

The next common failure is deformation of the water block membrane. It is responsible for opening the gas when the water pressure is strong enough. Since it is flexible and made of silicone or rubber, it can stretch or tear over time.

Signs of this will be too weak a flame or no flame at all. Water may also begin to leak from under the water unit cover.

To replace the membrane, remove the casing and unscrew the union nuts at the place where the pipes are connected to the water unit. Next, the bolts from the cover are unscrewed and the membrane is removed. It is important to buy exactly the same model; the markings can be found in the instruction manual or go to the store with a removed example. When installing, make sure not to mix up the sides and align all the holes. After replacement, the device is assembled in the same way.

Electronic malfunctions

The column may not light up if it has run out of nutrients. In this case, a spark is produced, but its power is not sufficient to ignite. The control electrode does not give a signal and the gas does not start. This can be solved by replacing the batteries. To do this, you do not need to disassemble the water heater; the container is located below. It is best to purchase expensive alkaloid batteries, which will last many times longer.

If replacing the batteries did not solve the problem, the speaker control unit may have failed. In this case, you need to contact specialists who will find what exactly is faulty in the electronics.