Kinds of art. The concept of creativity and the development of creative abilities. Cinema not only synthesizes the means of other forms of art, but also has its own expressive capabilities

“Human activity” - The result does not correspond to the goal. Beliefs. Activity. Fill in the missing word. Spiritual activity (related to the transformation of people's consciousness). Result. Practical activities (aimed at changing the environment). Interests. Needs. Prognostic activity. Social attitudes.

“Activity and personality” - Model of dynamic structure. Personality structure. Activities. Kind of activity. Personality structures. The process of human creation of material and spiritual values. Game time. Category social. Activity and personality. Abstract model. Various definitions of the concept. The concept of personality. The personality of each person.

“Students’ Hobbies” - Conclusions: Mathematician and writer. Hypothesis: HOBBY - any hobby, favorite leisure activity. Objectives of the work: Results of a survey of parents. Results of student surveys. Coloring math pictures helped us understand the multiplication tables. Will help in studying history and geography. The drawings in the book were made by the author himself.

"Jewish Games" - It's interesting to see how father and son play "sixty-six." If there is a bribe, I can cover up; if there is no bribe, I can’t cover up. The loser of the game also benefits. And, imagine, our brother is the Jews. Episode 3. Gambling in Jewish culture. No thief can get there. Noble, isn't it?

“Free time” - What a waste of time. Once - rise. TIME is a specific moment at which something happens (S.I. Ozhegov). For 18 years he composed the opera “Prince Igor”. Hobby is a passion, a favorite activity for oneself. One of the organizers and teachers of Women's medical courses. Videos, excursions and travel.

“People’s activities and its diversity” - The concept of “activity”. Activities. Check yourself. Essence and structure of activity. Classification of activities. Means of achievement. What drives human activity. Aristotle. Needs and interests. Activity. The form of existence of human society. Human activity and its diversity.

Design

This is a clearly presented system of methods for connecting and interacting parts of a product, as well as the material from which these parts should be made. If the design is an invention, i.e. a new, previously non-existent engineering solution, then its innovative nature must be documented and the discovery patented. Therefore, every inventor, so as not to open
Americas
, must be an erudite specialist with a good understanding of what is being done in his field.
Creative
In action

Ideas for creativity
life itself throws you, you don’t need to invent them! Tell the world about your desire to write a novel/painting, make a panel out of straw, or sew a doll. How to declare? Whatever you like best: you can write down your intention in large multi-colored letters in your diary, you can shout it in an open field, you can sing it or compose a ditty-declaration. That's all.
See the world with your eyes wide open
, live your life, look at the horizon more often, write daily and take a walk alone. Thousands of ideas will come to your mind! Don’t rely on memory, always keep a notepad with you and write down even the strangest and completely misunderstood thoughts. And here either quantity will one day turn into quality, or a rare pearl will be found among the river sand, or, as happens most often, both will happen.
And the last thing...
Don't treat
developing your creative abilities
like a serious event. The search for inner treasures is an exciting game, and not a scientific expedition to the depths of our
unconscious
. Play lightly and cheerfully, and let enjoyment be the main criterion.
Creation

Creation
- this is an activity that generates something qualitatively new and is distinguished by uniqueness, originality and socio-historical uniqueness. Creativity is specific to humans, since it always presupposes a creator - a subject of creative activity.
"Creativity is an activity
aimed at creating something
fundamentally new. Exactly
This is the value of every creator."
The creative process, in particular technical creativity, is always carried out in stages and includes the following procedures:
Awareness of contradictions, creation and justification of ideas;
Technical development of the task and practical work on it (design and construction);
Testing an object in operation and evaluating the result of a creative solution.

The first procedure ends with the creation of a general plan, idea, concept for solving the problem (the general principle of operation of systems of this type).
Construction

This is the development of a detailed diagram of the implementation of the intended object (system) and working drawings of all parts and individual parts of the machine.

First, a prototype is made according to preliminary drawings and calculations. Next, all calculations are clarified, working drawings and technical documentation are drawn up for their use in production. The result of design is a specific design of the product.
Meditation in motion

In the religious traditions of the world, walking is considered a kind of meditation. English poets were famous lovers of wandering through alleys in search of a muse. Augustine the Blessed wrote: “
Save yourself by walking
“, Søren Kierkegaard warned: “Never deny yourself a walk: I walk every day, all my best ideas came to me while walking.” The measured rhythm of walking calms the mind and allows the two hemispheres of the brain to communicate with each other. At this time, you fantasize and dream, problems are solved by themselves, and a way out of any dead end is found without effort. Daily walking is the time when you pay attention to your inner child, your inner artist - and he will take care of filling your consciousness with new images.
The concept of creativity and the development of creative abilities
Prepared by a technology teacher at Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 12 in Magnitogorsk
Zemlyanskaya
Elena Nikolaevna
Development of creative abilities

Who is she,
creative person
? First of all, he is a versatile person, open to everything new and not afraid of change. There is a child in each of us, dreamy and enthusiastic. He wants to play and do stupid things. So take a step towards yourself, your
inner child
who is already tired of the idleness and boredom of your insipid spiritual life. Promise yourself to sign up for some courses every six months and learn the basics of this or that art. Remember how Richard's hero
Gira
at a very advanced age I made my first dance steps. Remember how Louise
Hey
, being retired, enrolled in an art school. Try new things, don't be afraid to seem clumsy or amateur.
Learn the basics of several types of dances
, several styles of drawing... and even basket weaving! Do not strive for perfection - this is a false and boring path. Just learn new things, go forward and look for your own. One day during this inspired journey (when you yourself forget that you are looking for your
talent
), you will definitely find what attracts you most. Who knows, maybe the teddy bears you sew will be sold at auctions, and Irish dancing will forever remain a pleasant and favorite hobby.
Technical creativity.
Technical creativity

involves obtaining new results in the field of technology in the form of technical ideas, drawings, drawings embodied in real technical objects.
The design process can be represented as follows:
Research search for the best solution to a technical problem;
Formulation of technical specifications;
Technical proposal (advanced project);
Schematic design;
Technical design;
Detailed design.
There are different types of creativity:
scientific
,
technical
,
artistic
. The stages and procedures of the creative process are most easily illustrated using examples of technical creativity.

From this excursion into technical creativity it is clear that the main qualities necessary for success in any business are:
creative mind
,
focus on creativity
,
willingness to solve emerging problems and problems
, and the most seemingly unexpected ones. Psychology has created effective algorithms and methods for solving problems that develop creative abilities.
Thank you for your attention!

Originality
lies in the necessity of a creative product for the creator himself or for society. I will note that the more valuable is the creativity that is important first for the creator, and then for society. Otherwise, when creating for others, the creator sometimes loses himself, loses much of what he likes and what is dear to him. Thus, he curtails his freedom and becomes dependent on society. The end result may be a loss of love for your work. And love is the most valuable thing in creativity. It needs to be protected and increased.

Socio-historical uniqueness
is a function of creativity. The fact is that any creativity reflects not only the creator, but also the stage of development of society as a whole, historical events, contradictions in society, the tasks of humanity and much more. Creativity not only describes society in a certain period, but also preserves and makes it possible to understand its spirit in a certain period of time. For example, to fully understand the history of the 16th century, it is necessary to get acquainted and study the literature, science and works of art of this period, etc.
Society selects and preserves only those creations that most fully reflect a certain stage of development of society. Therefore, the better and more complete the creativity, the more important it is for society and for future generations. For this reason, many creators try to generalize, and the higher the degree of generalization, the more significant a person is for society. Creators who have managed to generalize sufficiently are considered great.
For example,
Antonio Carlos
Jobima
, who not only created many magnificent works, but also founded a whole movement in jazz - Bossa Nova, which is admired by the whole world. In Brazil
Jobima
considered a national hero.
Design

This is the development and justification of a machine design abstracted from the material form. Design precedes construction and represents a search for scientifically sound, technically feasible and economically feasible engineering solutions. The design result is
project

the object being developed (texts, graphs, drawings, calculations, models, etc.)

Slide 2

Plan

Basic aspects of creativity. Different approaches to defining creative activity. Procedural features of creative activity. The structure of the creative act. Creative tasks scheme for solving creative tasks. Definition of research activities. Literature.

Slide 3

Definition of creativity on a philosophical level

Creativity is a purposeful activity, the result of which is the discovery (creation, invention) of something new, previously unknown or active, meeting the needs of the time

Slide 4

Psychological aspect of creativity

Creative thinking is aimed not at searching for novelty in trifles and insignificant variations, not at recombining the old, but at comprehending the essence in phenomena, reflecting this essence in concepts, images and methods of action. It is not the objective, but the subjective side that comes to the fore.

Slide 5

Pedagogical aspect of creativity

Students' creativity has as its ultimate goal not so much the creation of a specific product that has its own significance or obtaining a product using a new method, but rather a cognitive and educational effect - the formation of knowledge, skills, interests and inclinations.

Slide 6

The main methodological and pedagogical approaches to defining creative activity consider it as an activity as a result of which something new is born. According to A.V. Khutorskoy: creativity is always going beyond limits, beyond boundaries, it is a change in essential knowledge, understandings, norms, the creation of new content that is not included in the assimilation program.

Slide 7

I.P. Kaloshina offers a detailed definition of creative activity through a system of characteristics, according to which creative activity: is aimed at solving problems that are characterized by the absence in the subject area (or only the subject) of both a method for solving problems and the subject-specific knowledge necessary for its development;

Slide 8

is associated with the creation of subjects at conscious or unconscious levels of new knowledge as an indicative basis for a method of solving a problem; characterized for the subject by an uncertain possibility of developing new knowledge and on the basis of their method of solving the problem (uncertainty is due to the absence of any other knowledge that strictly determines the specified development).

Slide 9

V.A. Dahlinger understands creative activity as any activity that is carried out not according to a predetermined algorithm, but on the basis of self-organization, the ability to rationally plan one’s activities, exercise self-control, rearrange one’s actions depending on the situation that arises, the ability to revise and, if necessary, change your ideas about the objects included in the activity.

Slide 10

AND I. Lerner identifies the following procedural features of creative activity:

independent implementation of intrasystem and interpersonal transfer of knowledge and skills to a new situation; seeing a new problem in a familiar situation; vision of the structure of the object; vision of the variability of the solution and its progress, that is, possible different solutions to a given problem, methods of solution; construction of a fundamentally new solution method, different from previously known methods.

Slide 11

However, today the most valuable traits seem to be those that determine students’ creation of fundamentally new information, their independent generation of ideas, hypotheses, formulation of problems, and formulation of tasks of varying levels of complexity.

Slide 12

Structure of the creative act

Accumulation of knowledge and skills necessary for a clear understanding and formulation of the problem Concentrated efforts and searches for additional information Avoidance of the problem (incubation period - switching to other activities) Illumination or insight (insight is not always a brilliant idea, but sometimes a guess on a modest scale) Verification

Slide 13

Structure requirements:

adequacy; novelty and originality; refinement; grace and simplicity; creative thinking changes essential methods, less often traditions, even less often basic principles, very rarely people’s view of the world).

Slide 14

The most important component of organizing creative activity in the process of teaching mathematics is a clear understanding by students of what they should receive (create) as a result of the activity and how this product will be assessed.

Slide 15

To reveal the creative potential of a student in the process of studying mathematics, creative tasks are used:

Non-standard tasks Research projects Working with mathematical text for reconstruction Systematization and generalization of material Performing abstract genre works Varying and composing tasks

Slide 16

Scheme for solving creative tasks

a) consideration of the need or difficulty of the task; b) analysis of this need or difficulty; c) viewing available information; d) the birth of a new idea or principle; e) deployment of the principle of the scheme; f) assessing the correctness of the decision.

Slide 17

In the process of teaching mathematics, we will highlight a part of it from the entire volume - research activities.

Research activity is a creative activity, the product of which is new knowledge, either about the subject himself or about the research method.

Slide 18

Literature

Blinova, T.L. Modern aspects of mathematics teaching methods: textbook. allowance / T.L. Blinova, E.A. Vlasova, I.N. Semenova, A.V. Slepukhin; edited by I.N. Semenova, A.V. Slepukhina; State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Ural. state ped. univ." – Ekaterinburg, 2007. – 190 p. Ganeev, Kh.Zh. Ways to implement developmental teaching in mathematics: textbook. allowance / Kh.Zh. Ganeev; Ural. state ped. univ. – Ekaterinburg, 1997. – 102 p. Dahlinger, V.A. Creative activity in the preparation of planimetric construction problems / V.A. Dahlinger // Science of Education: collection. scientific articles. – Omsk: Omsk State Pedagogical University Publishing House, 2004. – Issue 22. – P. 405 – 414 Kaloshina, I. P. Psychology of creative activity: textbook. manual for university students. – M.: Unity-Dana, 2003. – 431 p. Khutorskoy, A.V. Modern didactics: a textbook for universities. – St. Petersburg: Peter, – 2001. – 544 p.

Slide 19

Thank you for your attention

View all slides

Introduction to the psychology of creative activity

MBOU "Secondary School No. 31"

G. Simferopol

Sevastyanova Irina Valerievna

Creativity is:

An activity that generates something qualitatively new that has never existed before;

Creating something new, valuable not only for one person, but also for others;

The process of creating subjective values.

Vitaly Tepikin, a researcher of the human creative factor and the phenomenon of the intelligentsia, identifies the following types of creativity:

• artistic,
• scientific,
• technical,
• sports-tactical, in
• military-tactical creativity

Stages of Creative Thinking G. Wallace

• Preparation- formulation of the problem; attempts to solve it.
• Incubation- temporary distraction from the task.
• Insight - emergence of an intuitive solution.
• Examination- testing and/or implementation of the solution.

Stages of the inventive process

P.K. Engelmeyer(1910) believed that work inventor consists of three acts:

desire, knowledge, ability.

• Desire and intuition, the origin of the plan. This stage begins with an intuitive glimpse of an idea and ends with its understanding by the inventor. A plausible principle emerges inventions. In scientific creativity this stage corresponds to a hypothesis, in artistic creativity it corresponds to a plan.
• Knowledge and reasoning, developing a scheme or plan. Developing a complete, detailed idea of ​​the invention. Production of experiments - mental and actual.
• Skill, constructive execution of the invention. Assembly of the invention. Doesn't require creativity.

Artistic creativity begins with keen attention to the phenomena of the world and presupposes “rare impressions”, the ability to keep them in memory and comprehend them.

An important psychological factor in artistic creativity is memory. For an artist, it is not mirror-like, selective and of a creative nature.

The creative process is unthinkable without imagination, which allows us to reproduce a chain of ideas and impressions stored in memory.

Consciousness and subconsciousness, reason and intuition participate in artistic creativity. In this case, subconscious processes play a special role here.

• Scientific creativity, in contrast to artistic creativity, is an activity aimed at producing new knowledge, which receives social approval and is included in the system of science. Creativity in science requires, first of all, the acquisition of fundamentally new socially significant knowledge; this has always been the most important social function of science. The process of creative activity can be divided into the stage of finding the principle of the solution and the stage of applying the solution.
• Scientific creativity is impossible without a high level of development of general and professional intelligence, spatial concepts and imagination, the ability to learn and business communication, i.e. without manifestation of social activity of the individual.

Types of creativity, its functions and results:

• artistic creativity - the creation of new emotions - works of art;
• technical creativity - the creation of new means and objects of labor - technical improvement, - scientific creativity - the creation of new knowledge and inventions;
• sports creativity - creation (achievement) of new results - record holders

The influence of creative activity on the development of personality traits.

10 simple and at the same time capacious commandments of the Creative Personality:

• Be the master of your destiny.
• Be successful at what you love.
• Make your constructive contribution to the common cause.
• Build your relationships with people on trust.
• Develop your creativity.
• Cultivate courage in yourself.
• Take care of your health.
• Don't lose faith in yourself.
• Try to think positively.
• Combine material well-being with spiritual satisfaction.

Exercise 1. Solving drudlov

Droodles(or in English droodles) is an interesting invention by the American humorist Roger Price and creative producer Leonard Stern, proposed by them in the 1950s. The name droodle comes from a combination of three words “doodle” (doodle), “drawing” (drawing) and “riddle” (riddle). Even the name of the invention entirely reflects the creative thinking of its authors.

Exercise 2.

Drawing up a chain of associations.

Choose any word and start building a chain of associations from it, writing them down on paper.

For example, “trainings - courses - lessons - 4brain.ru”.

Try to write down associations as quickly as possible, and make the connections as unusual as possible.

Exercise 3.

Search for missing associations.

Choose any two words or phrases that should have as little in common as possible. Try to build an association that connects these two words.

For example, for the words “morning” and “food” the element complementing the associative series will be the word “breakfast”.

Try to find the missing link for the words:

• movie and dream
• elevator and car,
• flower and skyscraper.

Exercise 4.

Suitable associations.

Choose two words and try to name associations that are suitable for each of these words at the same time. For example, for the words “white” and “light” one can name the following associations: snow, fluff, feather, etc. To complicate the exercise, you can choose not two, but three or even more words.

Exercise 5.

Unusual associations.

To develop associative thinking for the purpose of better memorization, it is useful to be able to look for the most striking and non-standard associations. In this case, the image will be better fixed in memory. Most people will give the following associations for these words and phrases:

Russian poet- Pushkin

Domestic bird- chicken

Fruit- apple

Part of the face- nose

Try to come up with other, less popular associations with the same words.

Exercise 6 .

You need to make a chain of associations, starting with any word and writing down on paper everything that comes to mind in connection with this word. You need to write down your associations quickly, and come up with unusual connections.

For example: face-nose-potatoes-garden-village-grandfather-old horseradish-radish-bitter, etc.

The entire history of mankind is a history of invention. Based on the clues of nature, people invented and began to improve tools, learned to make clothes and household items. With the development of science, technology, and technology, problems arose that became difficult to solve only by trial and error or by simply imitating nature. New tasks required deeper understanding and creative solutions, i.e. invention.

Invention is a creative activity, as a result of which, on the basis of scientific knowledge, technical achievements and the theory of solving inventive problems (TRIZ), new operating principles and ways of implementing these principles in the designs of engineering objects are created. Let us briefly outline the main ideas and recommendations of TRIZ.

When solving any problem, a person can go in two ways: apply known standard solutions, generally accepted schemes - this is the executive level; inventing (creating, designing) a new way to achieve a goal or performing all elements of a design in a new, original way is a creative level.

There are many different definitions of the concept of creativity. For example, according to the American scientist P. Hill, “creativity is a successful flight of thought beyond the limits of the unknown. It adds to knowledge by facilitating the creation of things that were not previously known.” Polish researcher A. Matejko believes that the essence of the creative process lies in the reorganization of existing experience and the formation of new combinations based on it.

The Large Encyclopedic Dictionary gives the following general definition of creativity: “Creativity is an activity that generates something qualitatively new and distinguished by uniqueness, originality and socio-historical uniqueness. Creativity is specific; for a person, since it always presupposes the creator of the subject (producer, bearer) of creative activity.”

We can obviously say that creativity is the solution of creative problems. At the same time, we define the creative task as follows. This is a situation that arises in any type of activity or in everyday life, which is recognized by a person as a problem that requires a search for new ones (objectively or subjectively) to solve it, i.e. methods and techniques unknown to this person, the creation of some new operating principle, technology.

A creative task is always the result of some kind of contradiction, a discrepancy between the real and the required, desired. There are different types of creativity: scientific, technical, artistic. The stages and procedures of the creative process are most easily illustrated using examples of technical creativity.

The process of creativity, in particular technical creativity, is always carried out in stages and includes the following procedures: awareness of contradictions, creation and justification of an idea; technical development of the task and practical work on it (design and construction); testing an object at work and evaluating the result of a creative solution.

Design, development and justification of the design of a machine, abstracted from the material form. Design precedes construction and represents a search for scientifically sound, technically feasible and economically feasible engineering solutions. The result of the design is a project of the object being developed (texts, graphics, drawings, calculations, models, etc.).

The design process can be represented as follows: research search for the best solution to a technical problem; formulation (justification) of the technical specifications; technical proposal (advanced project); preliminary design; technical design; detailed design.

Design development of a detailed diagram of the implementation of the planned object (system) and working drawings of all parts and individual parts of the machine. First, a prototype is made according to preliminary drawings and calculations. Next, all calculations are clarified, working drawings and technical documentation are drawn up for their use in production. The result of design is a specific product design

If the design is an invention, i.e. a new, previously non-existent engineering solution, then its innovative nature must be documented and the discovery patented. Therefore, every inventor, in order not to discover “America,” must be an erudite specialist who has a good idea of ​​what is being done in his field.

From this excursion into technical creativity, it is clear that the main qualities necessary for success in any business are: a creative mindset, a focus on creativity, a willingness to solve emerging tasks and problems, even the most seemingly unexpected ones. Psychology has created effective algorithms and methods for solving problems that develop creative abilities. We will look at these techniques in the following lessons.

Questions 1.What is invention? 2.What is TRIZ? 3.What is the performing and creative way of solving problems? 4.What is creativity? 5.What is a creative task? 6.What types of creativity do you know? 7.What does technical creativity entail? 8.What is the result of the design?

9.What stages can the design process be divided into? 10.What is a technical proposal called in one word? 11.What is design? 12.What is the result of the design? 13.What is a design? 14.What needs to be done if the design turns out to be an invention? 15.What is important for success in any business? Questions