Types of heating batteries for summer cottages. Heating radiators for the dacha. How to make wood heating correctly

To heat a private home, an autonomous heating system is often used. Compared to an apartment, the requirements and approach to choosing radiators change somewhat.

The choice of heating devices is influenced by the absence of high pressure in the system, the ability to control the quality of the coolant and eliminate the presence of water hammer. Considering all these aspects, figuring out which radiators to choose for heating a private country house is quite simple.

What metal batteries should be used in a country house?

There are a large number of battery designs on the heating equipment market. According to their design, all heaters can be divided into the following types:

1. Panel.
2. Sectional.
3. Tubular.

There is also a classification based on the metal used in the production of radiators. It is customary to distinguish the following equipment:

1. Cast iron.
2. Steel.
3. Bimetallic.
4. Aluminum.
5. Copper.

Each metal has its own performance characteristics, heat transfer coefficient and other features. To determine the best radiators, you should consider in detail the disadvantages and advantages of each.

Cast iron radiators are time-tested classics

Sectional batteries - the main advantage of cast iron is the high quality and strength of the metal. Thick-walled cast iron makes the batteries almost eternal. The advantages include:

• Reliability and durability.
• Possibility to add sections to increase the total power of the device.
• Corrosion resistance and unpretentiousness to the quality of the coolant.

The disadvantages include low heat transfer, unsightly appearance and large dimensions of the device, stealing free space.

In the event of an emergency shutdown of the boiler, the heated cast iron battery will cool down for a long time and will not allow the coolant temperature to drop quickly.

Bimetallic, aluminum and copper batteries - high heat transfer and reliability

If we talk about heat transfer, then you cannot find better copper and bimetallic radiators. The batteries can withstand high pressure and practically do not react to the quality of the coolant.

It is not advisable to install bimetallic models for a private home. Radiators of this type were originally developed for connection to central heating.

As an alternative, you can use aluminum batteries, which are less expensive than their bimetallic counterparts. At the same time, the heat transfer of radiators is in no way inferior to devices made of two metals.

Steel radiators are a cheap and popular option

For autonomous heating of a private home, steel heating devices are most often chosen. This is due to many factors: low cost, beautiful appearance, good heat transfer performance.

Bottom and top connections are provided, the possibility of operation in one and two-pipe heating systems.

The disadvantage of steel batteries is the susceptibility of the structure to corrosion. Another disadvantage is the inability to add power if there is an error in the calculations, as is the case with cast iron or bimetallic contractions. It is prohibited to place batteries in rooms with high humidity.

As practice has shown, for a private country house it is better to use aluminum, cast iron, steel and copper batteries.

How to correctly calculate the number of sections

Calculating the power of heating radiators in a country house depends on several factors. The calculations look like this:

When connecting, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of connecting batteries. Heat transfer decreases as sections are added. Therefore, for heating, several radiators with an equal number of “fins” are installed.

Which brand of radiators is better to choose for a house outside the city?

There are Italian, German, Turkish and domestic heating radiators on the market. You can also buy several models made in China.

When determining which brand of radiator is better, you should take into account consumer reviews and the quality of the product itself. Below is the popularity ranking. The list is compiled in descending order of popularity.

1. Ferroli.

All these brands are popular and have many positive reviews. Thanks to the thoughtfulness of the design, connecting heating radiators in a private home is quick and practically effortless. The product has a service life of at least 15 years and is provided with a manufacturer's warranty.

You can choose other models based on the means, building features and technical aspects.

Rules for the location of batteries in the house

To make the most efficient connection, you must strictly follow the rules for installing heating radiators. The most effective recommendations can be identified:

• Placing radiators in a private house. Heating devices are located in such a way as to create a heat flow that reduces heat loss. Recommended installation locations for batteries are under windows, on the load-bearing wall of the building.
• Selecting a radiator connection diagram. Traditionally, systems with forced and natural circulation of coolant, single-pipe and double-pipe, are used. The scheme with forced circulation is considered to be the most effective.
  Two-pipe systems, with natural coolant movement, are used for cast iron and aluminum batteries. This is due to the diameter of the side wiring connection.
  Steel radiators are designed to connect a ¾ pipe, which is not enough to ensure the flow and circulation of liquid naturally.

Methods of connecting heating radiators in a country house affect the heating efficiency. The main disadvantage of a system with forced coolant circulation is that it cannot work during a power outage. The problem is solved by connecting a generator or installing a bypass. Systems with natural circulation are ineffective and require strict adherence to slopes.

There are two options for connecting radiators - upper and lower. With natural circulation, the first method is used. The coolant is supplied through the upper outlet. Bottom connection is used for closed systems with high pressure.

With proper installation, the heating system is assembled sequentially, starting from connecting the radiator closest to the heating source, and ending with the last heating device.

What is better to use as a coolant?

Water or antifreeze can be used as a coolant. It is necessary to consider what type of radiator is installed in the heating system.

Antifreeze is not suitable for cast iron and steel batteries. For the first, the weak point is the connections between sections. Under the influence of antifreeze, the gaskets become deformed and leak. Steel batteries are sensitive to the quality of the coolant. The use of antifreeze reduces the service life.

For aluminum, copper and bimetallic batteries, any type of coolant can be used.

For a private home, it is better to use steel, cast iron and aluminum radiators. The high cost of bimetallic batteries and the lack of high pressure in autonomous systems makes their installation for heating a country house impractical.

The autonomous heating system of a private house allows you to choose any heat radiators.

However, it is important to take them into account characteristics and features of the location of internal premises to organize heating of the house most economically and efficiently.

What to consider when purchasing, and what devices are best to use for autonomous heating?

Selection of the best radiators for private and country houses

Private sector heating differs from the centralized one in the absence of water hammer and stable low pressure.

It also differs in its closedness and lack of gas saturation. Therefore, the choice of radiators for your own home is not limited to the conditions of the general system, but depends on the preferences of the owners of the premises.

However there is technical features, which must be taken into account when installing certain types of heating batteries. Namely:

• Durability and price of the heating device.
• External shape, the presence of protruding ribs and corners, safety and the possibility of injury.
• Dimensions of the room and heat transfer characteristics of the heating device.
• Calculations of the required amount of heat and the number of sections, the area of ​​the heating radiator.

Also, when choosing batteries, take into account their appearance and possibility of installation into the system.

Types of heating radiators

There are several types of heating radiators: cast iron, aluminum, bimetallic and vacuum.

Cast iron for brick, stone, wooden buildings

Cast iron batteries - universal radiators for heating brick, stone, adobe and wooden houses. They are almost always installed in multi-story buildings and are often used in the private sector due to their low price and most impressive durability - 50-100 years. A high service life is achieved due to slow corrosion and thick walls.

Photo 1. Cast iron heating radiator with decorative forging. It not only warms the house, but also decorates it.

Cast iron batteries have large internal sections. Therefore, the flow of water in them is not complicated by mechanical impurities, rust, or precipitation. Coolant does not require filtration and frequent bleeding of air.

When applied to the private sector and modern heating trends, cast iron radiators have one drawback. They are characterized by high thermal inertia, take a long time to heat up, making them difficult to use in temperature control systems.

What else to consider:

• Corrugated shape with stiffening ribs, which can cause childhood injuries. You can prevent them by installing a protective mesh or screen.
• Significant weight and the load on the foundation, difficulties with transportation and demands on the quality of installation.

conclusions: Cast iron radiators are the traditional choice for water heating systems. They durable, reliable and inert. Ideal for traditional brick houses with standard heating. They can be installed in systems from which the liquid is periodically drained, or in which there is an open expansion tank. When adjusting temperature, it is necessary to take into account that the heating system with cast iron radiators must be “screwed down” or power added in advance.

Aluminum

Modern batteries that differ from their cast iron predecessors weight and low thermal inertia.

They have an attractive appearance, a simple flat shape, so they rarely cause injuries.

But the main advantage is that aluminum batteries have high heat transfer coefficient, which allows their surface to quickly heat the air.

Aluminum radiators are economical in all respects. Their weight less cast iron batteries 4 times(1-1.6 kg in one section aluminum vs 5-7 kg in one section of cast iron). The internal cavity contains 2.5 l coolant (for comparison, in cast iron batteries one section contains up to 10 l). Warm-up time - 6 times faster than cast iron structures. The only lack of savings is in the price of aluminum ones. They stand in 2-3 times expensive.

Disadvantages of aluminum heaters:

• Life time- less than that of cast iron and is 15-20 years. The shortened service life is due to aluminum corrosion and thin battery walls. You can combat this deficiency by controlling the quality of the coolant, which is quite possible in autonomous heating systems of a private home. The heating system must be completely closed; distilled liquid is poured inside.
• The corrosion process produces hydrogen inside aluminum batteries. This causes airing with gas plugs. Which in turn initiates the appearance of cracks and leaks. This disadvantage is combatted by installing bleed valves. They must work automatically.

conclusions: aluminum batteries can be installed in the heating system of a private residential building with a closed expansion tank, subject to control of the composition and quality of the coolant. The heating system must fill in special liquid, install automatic bleeding devices. These batteries are ideal for temperature regulation.

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Bimetallic

Bimetallic batteries are one of the latest expensive developments to emerge as an alternative to quickly corroding aluminum batteries. Bimetallic structures soldered from two metals- steel core and aluminum cover. This combination improves corrosion resistance(steel is less susceptible to corrosion than aluminum) and maintain high heat transfer, thanks to the aluminum surface.

Photo 2. Bimetallic heating radiator mounted on the wall. The device consists of several sections.

Bimetallic heaters - ideal for private houses with any walls. Due to their light weight, they are installed inside heavy brick buildings and hung on the walls of light frame houses. The only one disadvantage bimetallic batteries are their high price.

Vacuum

The latest advertised model of heating batteries with reduced fluid pressure inside. Positioned as a highly efficient design that quickly releases heat and warms the space efficiently. However, vacuum batteries are heating devices with unproven effectiveness. They have a lot of negative reviews and a high selling price.

The design of a vacuum battery differs from cast iron and aluminum batteries the presence of a sealed internal cavity, inside which vapors of ethanol (alcohol) or vapors of a saline solution of lithium bromide circulate. These substances are coolants, their circulation is limited by the radiator cavity, inside which the pressure is greatly reduced (evacuated to a vacuum level). The reduction in pressure ensures that the alcohol and lithium bromide are converted into steam.

Through the internal cavity of the vacuum radiator there is a pipe through which ordinary coolant moves- water.

From the hot water, the pipe inside the radiator heats up and transfers heat to the vapor coolant. The steam settles on the cold surface of the outer walls of the radiator and gives off heat to them.

Thus, fluid circulation occurs with its constant evaporation and condensation. These processes ensure heat transfer.

Such complex explanations of the operation of a vacuum radiator do not always make it possible to understand why its efficiency is increased. In fact, many customer reviews say that vacuum batteries consume less energy and at the same time warm the room worse. To achieve the same effect, instead of one aluminum section, you have to install two vacuum heating radiators.

Types of steel batteries

There are two types of steel radiators: tubular (sectional) and panel. They differ in design and price. There are also convector models with a built-in blower. What to choose for heating your home?

Panel

Panel radiators represent the most inexpensive designs of heating batteries.

They are enough effective, practical and safe, since all the tubes and protruding ribs in them are covered with a flat steel casing.

Their appearance resembles a flat box suspended from the wall under the windowsill and radiating heat.

Another advantage of steel radiators is their price. Combined with light weight, ease of installation, and aesthetic design, the price makes panel structures popular among buyers and developers.

Attention! When choosing a steel panel radiator, it is important to remember its service life - 20-25 years.

Tubular

Tubular structures differ from panel ones in price - they are more expensive. In terms of technical characteristics, the two designs are comparable. There is a slight difference in the operating pressure inside the batteries. Tubular radiators can withstand higher pressure than panel radiators. But for the private sector with an individual heating circuit, this factor is not important.

Tubular radiators also called sectional since each pair of pipes is combined into one section.

The heating battery consists of several sections, the number of which determines the amount of heat that the radiator emits over a period of time.

Important for the private sector: if in multi-storey buildings an increase in the number of sections leads to better heating of the room, then in the private sector the situation is different. The heat radiated into the room depends little on the area of ​​the radiator. It determined by the heat coming from the heating furnace. When increasing sections in a room of a private house, the amount of heat in the system remains the same. Therefore, heating efficiency can be significantly improved only by upgrading the heating furnace.

Convector

Convector radiators have built-in fan, which ensures the movement of heated air. The name “convector” is associated with the physical term “convection”, which means the mixing of air flows. In heating a private home, convector models are often used as portable batteries with the simplest connection.

For them to work, it is enough to supply electricity to the house and arrange wiring and sockets suitable for power. Electric convector installed in the room, ensures rapid heating.

Photo 3. Floor-standing convector heating radiator. There are holes in the top of the device through which warm air passes.

Convector radiators affordable and less affordable in payment for their work. To heat a house electrically, it is necessary to properly insulate its walls, ceiling and foundation. Then heating with convectors will be effective and affordable. - an alternative to cast iron batteries for energy-saving and frame buildings.Odnoklassniki

For many, a dacha is a place where you can relax from the noise and bustle of the city, be closer to nature and enjoy its beauty. Therefore, it is so important to create a comfortable atmosphere in a private home. And this largely depends on the selected heating system. Especially in winter, the heating of the dacha must be organized correctly. There are many heating options today. But which one is better? This article will tell you about this.

Many, having bought a house outside the city, wonder how to install heating in their dacha so that the heating is effective and the system is economical and easy to use. The answer largely depends on how often the dacha building will be visited and at what time, how much money the owner is willing to spend on heating equipment.

Among the most common heating options are the following:

1. water heating using radiators;
2. use of convectors for heating;
3. electric heat supply;
4. use of gas, bifuel and electric boilers.

It is worth considering the above heating options for a country house in more detail. This will allow you to choose the best method. It is advisable to contact specialists for heating installation. They will also help you decide on the most appropriate heating system.

Heating using radiators: types and characteristics

Water heating using radiators is one of the most common due to its low cost. Depending on the material of manufacture, all heating radiators for summer cottages can be cast iron, aluminum, steel or bimetallic.

Cast iron is more often used in urban high-rise buildings. Since batteries made of this material have a high operating pressure - about 10 bar. The units are reliable in operation and have a long service life. Due to the thick walls of the structure, heat transfer is long lasting. It’s true that the device takes quite a long time to warm up.

Steel radiators have high heat transfer. Due to the cast construction and tightly connected elements, the device is protected from dust and is very reliable. Heating occurs quickly. The battery weighs little. Perhaps this is the most common and cheapest type among all types of heaters.

Aluminum batteries are characterized by high thermal conductivity, low weight and elegant appearance. Such products are most common in country construction due to their high heat transfer. The cost is low. Disadvantages include susceptibility to corrosion.

Dacha heating units are made from two types of metals: aluminum and steel. The unit is resistant to changes and pressure surges. Capable of withstanding pressure up to 35 atmospheres. Features maximum heat transfer. Bimetallic products are widely used in houses with a centralized heating system. But the cost of purchasing such a battery is quite high.

Oil heating radiators for summer cottages are also widely used. True, more often as an auxiliary heat source. The option is quite convenient to use. But completely uneconomical. After all, the unit consumes a lot of electricity. However, the efficiency is not particularly high. If you use such a device to heat the entire room, it will take a very long time.

Which radiator to choose for heating a summer house?

To understand which heating radiators are best for a summer residence, you need to weigh the pros and cons and pay attention to some of the nuances of each type of device. Thus, cast iron products are more suitable for centralized heating systems. In private homes, they are more often equipped with an autonomous heating system and use a floor heating system. Both of these options are controlled using special temperature controllers, which cannot be used in conjunction with cast iron batteries. Therefore, this type of radiator is not recommended for use in dachas.

Heating batteries for summer cottages made of bimetal are more suitable.

True, their cost is very high. As practice shows, aluminum units are the best option. The price is quite reasonable. You can also purchase steel products. Their heat transfer is, of course, lower than that of their aluminum counterparts, but they are also cheaper. In general, choosing a battery for a dacha is much easier than for a city apartment.

When deciding which ones are best to give, user reviews sometimes become the deciding factor. Of course, it’s worth taking reviews into account, but wisely. After all, they are not always written by competent users and are not always reliable. Therefore, in order to make a choice in favor of one type of battery or another, it is better to carefully study the characteristics, positive and negative aspects of each model, and conduct a comparative analysis. You can also consult with a specialist in this field.

Heating using convectors: types and characteristics

Convectors are used quite often for heating cottages. This is a reliable and economical unit. The best option if the owners live in a private house in the summer, and in the winter they come extremely rarely and for a short time.

Among the advantages of using convectors are:

But heating a dacha using convectors also has a number of disadvantages. For example, a draft occurs during operation of the device. The equipment is not suitable for houses with high ceilings. Since heated air rises, it will be cool at the height of a person.

Which convector to choose for your dacha?

There are many different models of convectors on sale. There are gas and electric options. Even after looking at reviews of a convector for a summer cottage, which unit is better to choose, it’s difficult to say. It all depends on what source of energy is available. If gas is supplied to the building, then it would be more logical to give preference to the gas type. This type of heater is more expensive, but more economical to use. If there is no gas supply, then the choice is obvious - a device powered by electricity.

Stove heating

The stove heating system for a summer residence is one of the most ancient heating systems for a room. The main advantage is reliability. This option can be used if the house is located near a forest. By collecting dry branches, you can heat your dacha completely free of charge. But the stove pollutes the room. Of course, today stove heating is used extremely rarely. There are more modern heating systems. For example, using boilers.

Heating a cottage using boiler equipment

Depending on the fuel used, boiler equipment can be gas, electric, solid fuel or bifuel. At the moment, the most comfortable method of heating a dacha is autonomous heat supply using a gas boiler. It is important that the private sector has a central gas pipeline. The best option for gas-type boilers is to install a water system.

There are various gas boilers for dachas on sale, from different manufacturing companies. Of course, imported models are of the highest quality. It is especially worth highlighting products from Italy and Germany.

Gas boilers

One of the leaders in the production of heating equipment is the German company Vaillant. Domestic buyers have known gas for more than 20 years. In production, the company uses only advanced technologies. Floor and wall options are available for sale. There are single-circuit and double-circuit products. Users highly rate Vailant boilers and note the efficiency, compactness of the devices and ease of control. True, the price is quite high.

More affordable economy class equipment is produced by Beretta. Reviews for the Beretta gas boiler can be summarized as follows: high quality, low price and long service life.

Boilers also have good performance characteristics. The country of origin is Slovakia. The units of this company have a high level of efficiency - about 92%. The boiler power can be adjusted using a modulating burner. The coolant temperature is displayed on the panel. The product has a high degree of safety. Also, the Bear gas boiler is equipped with many additional options. For example, self-diagnosis, anti-cyclicity, anti-freeze functions.

True, not all foreign products are suitable for Russian operating conditions. The boiler must be resistant to pressure changes. Such models are produced by domestic companies. In addition, prices for domestically produced gas heating boilers are lower.

Electric boilers

Electric boilers are also widely used to heat summer cottages. But in this case it is important to ensure an uninterrupted supply of electricity. Can be used as a coolant. For heating a country house, it is better to give preference to antifreeze. Often an electric boiler for a dacha is chosen as an additional heating device and is turned on at night. Some also use diesel boilers. Suitable for places where there is no gas pipeline. The system operates autonomously. The fuel container is buried in the ground.

Bi-fuel boilers

There are also boilers that operate on two types of fuel. They are called bifuel. When considering reviews of dual-fuel heating boilers, most often the owners of private houses opt for a combination of wood-gas and gas-diesel fuel. The first option is highly economical, and the second is easy to use. The power of these units is usually 35-45 kW. This is quite enough to organize effective heating.

Which boiler to choose (gas, electric or bifuel) depends on the availability of a certain type of fuel, its quality and cost.

There are other, more advanced and technologically advanced heating systems that operate using alternative energy sources. For example, on wind energy, solar energy, etc. But due to the high cost, these options have not yet found widespread use.

Thus, today there are many different options for heating private sector homes. And which heating is better for a summer house, it all depends on the frequency of visiting the house and the time of living in it, the availability of fuel on which the unit can operate, as well as the financial condition of the owner.

Due to the fact that the heating system in a dacha often operates with long interruptions, situations may arise when the coolant freezes in the system. This can lead to destruction of radiators, pipes and connections. Such emergency situations can be prevented by using antifreeze as a heating fluid, rather than ordinary water. Antifreeze does not freeze even in severe frost. This allows you to turn off the heating while the owners are away from the dacha without fear of freezing the system.

However, the use of such a coolant also imposes its own requirements when choosing radiators. Batteries must be made of an alloy that can withstand the chemical attack of antifreeze. The permissible pH level for such devices can be in the range of 6.5-9.5. If this requirement is not met, the battery will very quickly become unusable due to corrosion, which will cause a leak. In addition, given the increased viscosity and chemical composition of antifreeze, high demands are placed on the quality of the sealing elements that are used in the connecting parts of radiator designs.

To complete heating systems in a country house, cast iron, aluminum and bimetallic radiators are most often used.

Cast iron radiators for cottages

Cast iron radiators are the most traditional type of heating devices, which are very often used in dachas. Their main advantages include:

• high thermal conductivity of cast iron;
• long service life;
• high corrosion resistance;
• low requirements for coolant quality;
• relatively low price.

At the same time, the disadvantage is the significant weight, which makes it difficult to install batteries. Also, due to high thermal inertia, cast iron batteries heat up for a long time. This significantly impairs the ability to regulate heating.

The Ogint company produces reliable cast iron radiators, made in a modern design, which can be used with both ordinary water and antifreeze. The batteries have an optimized design that significantly improves their efficiency.

Aluminum radiators for cottages

Very often today aluminum radiators are used for summer cottages. Their main advantages are:

• maximum heat transfer;
• light weight;
• small internal volume, reducing the amount of coolant in the system;
• low inertia, which ensures quick warm-up and the ability to adjust the radiator temperature;
• aesthetic design.

It must be taken into account that aluminum batteries are sensitive to the quality and chemical composition of the coolant.

In the Ogint catalog you can choose reliable and efficient aluminum radiators that can be used in countryside conditions. Including all battery models can work with antifreeze.