Ventilation in the kitchen and its features. How to properly organize ventilation in the kitchen using a hood Exhaust ventilation in the kitchen
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The design of ventilation and exhaust systems for kitchen premises is, in fact, very simple. There are many nuances, ignoring which we have every chance of creating incorrect and ineffective ventilation. Ventilation, which, instead of purifying the air, will literally poison our lives.
Natural kitchen ventilation and the law of conservation of air volume
Long gone are the days when residents of private houses and city apartments were satisfied with a natural ventilation system in the kitchen. Despite the relatively low efficiency of such systems (especially during cooking), the principles of their arrangement will always be relevant. The fact is that the continuous functioning of natural ventilation is possible only if certain conditions are met. Namely: ventilation ducts must ensure unhindered removal of air masses from the room, and the flow of fresh air into the kitchen must be continuous.
Effective operation of the ventilation system is only possible when the volume of air leaving the room is equal to the volume of air entering the kitchen.
What to put in for air flow in the kitchen
Compliance with the first condition can be ensured by timely cleaning and maintenance of ventilation ducts. The simplest supply valve to the kitchen as part of the ventilation system will help to fulfill the second condition.
Squirrel User FORUMHOUSE
You can always embed a supply valve into the wall, which will enhance natural ventilation.
Just a couple of decades ago, most homes were equipped with wooden windows. Their tightness, as we know, left much to be desired. Therefore, the question of forced ventilation did not arise: the flow of fresh air into an apartment or house occurred practically without human intervention. Today, when we are dealing with sealed double-glazed windows and powerful kitchen hoods, a supply ventilation valve built into the design of a plastic window or mounted in the wall is not a whim, but a necessity.
The simplest do-it-yourself supply and exhaust ventilation
If your house or apartment has a natural ventilation system with an exhaust vent in the kitchen, then you are practically not in danger of smelling cakes in the bedroom. If your house is just being built, then it’s time to take care of having such a system. Operating in normal mode, it will constantly refresh the air in the kitchen area, and if it is insufficiently efficient, it can always be improved by equipping it with a small exhaust fan.
If you live in a private house, then a roof fan installed in the ventilation duct will help modernize the design of the system without creating noise during operation.
Andrey Vasiliev,
FORUMHOUSE user, Moscow - Rostov Veliky
If it is a private house, then the problem can be solved simply by installing a roof fan. Set it up and let it make noise outside.
If you live in an apartment, then a fan installed in the ventilation hole will qualitatively improve the flow of fresh air into the room.
Hel User FORUMHOUSE
When I turn on a regular fan built into the vent in the kitchen, even with the door open, the smell goes into the vent.
A good solution could be a duct fan that can significantly increase the power of the exhaust flow.
By installing the listed devices, you can turn natural ventilation into a simple supply and exhaust system with your own hands.
Rules for creating air ducts
A natural ventilation system that does not have auxiliary fans can play a cruel joke on you at any time. We are talking about such a physical phenomenon as “overturning the thrust”. It is observed when, under the influence of external factors, the exhaust flow loses strength or completely changes its direction (air from the street begins to enter the room through the ventilation shaft). Therefore, it is advisable to place the ventilation duct on the roof, and its height should exceed the height of the ridge. This requirement is relevant both for natural ventilation and for the “forced ventilation” system in the kitchen.
Matilda User FORUMHOUSE
Traction overturning often occurs in the off-season, when it is humid and chilly outside. If the ventilation pipe is installed below the ridge, then overturning will become a constant phenomenon and will depend on the direction of the wind.
The pipe and ductwork that will pass through cold areas (the attic and the outside of the building) should be insulated.
A ventilation duct led outside through an ordinary horizontal hole in the wall, due to the absence of a pressure difference inside and outside the building, will perform its function only when the fan is turned on.
Ventilation in the kitchen with a hood
We examined the features of systems that operate continuously and are designed to ensure effective air exchange in the kitchen. Now let's talk about kitchen hoods - devices that come into operation during the hottest hours, forcibly helping us get rid of the smell of food cooking on the stove.
A kitchen hood, unlike a standard ventilation system, helps capture smoke, steam and grease particles that enter the air during cooking. Therefore, the requirement to install an exhaust device in addition to the existing ventilation system is justified.
Arsenal&Natalya User FORUMHOUSE
A hood is needed if you don’t want to do frequent renovations in the kitchen. There are no miracles, and without forced removal of evaporation products to the outside, they settle on walls, ceilings, furniture and people.
You need a hood in the kitchen, let's think about what kind of hood to make.
According to the principle of operation, hoods are divided into two types - flow and recirculation. Flow-through systems remove air from the room to the street, while recirculation systems filter out impurities and supply air back into the room.
It is clear that recirculation exhaust devices are not popular among users of our portal. And there are several reasons for this: the need to frequently replace the filter, low efficiency and the inability to remove excess heat from the room.
Andrey Vasiliev
Such a hood is of little use (in my house it’s only there because I’m too lazy to pull a pipe to the duct). Grease quickly accumulates on the walls and is very difficult to wash off (especially if the house is decorated with wood). If you are concerned about installing a hood, which is very useful (especially if you like fried fish, meat and other grills), then you need to vent it into the ventilation duct (I just don’t recommend going outside through the wall, because the wall will get dirty over time).
Considering all the disadvantages of recirculation units, they should be used only in exceptional, special cases.
A flow hood removes by-products formed during cooking outside the room. According to the installation method, flow hoods are suspended, built-in, corner, dome and island. Regardless of what type of installation the hood is, the removal of air from the room must be organized according to the same principle. It lies in the fact that the existing hood must be connected only to a separate ventilation duct.
It is prohibited to connect the hood to a common ventilation duct, and even more so to a chimney! In this case, carbon monoxide and exhaust air can flow back into the room.
Matilda
The hood from a kitchen gas stove should never be connected to anything. And the air duct from the stove should go vertically upward.
In houses with outdated types of ventilation systems, there is no insulated duct for connecting the hood. And since it is impossible to vent the hood into a common ventilation shaft, an additional ventilation duct must be made in a separate order. A suitable but ineffective solution in this case would be to purchase a recirculation unit.
If you are not afraid of ruining the facade of your house (apartment) with stains from grease, soot and steam, then you can make a separate horizontal channel in the wall for the hood. The outlet vent will be located directly on the outside surface of the wall. It is advisable to equip such a ventilation device in the kitchen at home with a check valve (if its presence is not provided for in the design of the hood itself) or an inertial grille.
shmendel User FORUMHOUSE
A motorized valve is good, but range hoods have check valves. All that remains is to ensure that air is not blown directly into the air duct.
Do this"
reducing ventilation in the wall in the kitchen"
Inertial grilles or deflectors will help.
Ideally, the exhaust duct should be created according to the same principles by which other ventilation ducts are created. Namely: in order for the air duct to provide natural draft when the hood is turned off, it should be placed on the roof of the house (just above the ridge).
Particular attention should be paid to insulating the air duct in the attic and outside, which will prevent the formation of condensation.
Matilda
The air ducts that you will lay through the attic are wrapped in cotton wool.
About ventilation outlets: it is advisable to purchase ready-made products that, in accordance with existing standards, are insulated at the manufacturing stage.
Kitchen ventilation rules. Mduct material
The material of the air duct used to connect the kitchen hood must meet the following conditions:
- Create minimal resistance to air flow;
- Have high anti-corrosion resistance;
- Have sufficient internal cross-sectional area.
Taking into account the first condition, a flexible corrugated pipe, the walls of which have a fairly high resistance, is recommended to be used exclusively for connecting the hood to the ventilation duct.
If possible, it is preferable to replace the corrugation with a smooth galvanized pipe of round or square cross-section.
To prevent rust from destroying the air duct, many people seek to introduce plastic sewer pipes with a thick cross-section into its design. But this material tends to accumulate fat deposits, but such pipes cannot be called safe. Their use can lead to a fire (as soon as the oil ignites in a hot frying pan while the hood is running). It is for this reason that the use of sewer pipes should be abandoned in advance.
Matilda
Under no circumstances should plastic be used for stove hoods. Even aluminum is not allowed. Galvanized or stainless steel only.
Here's what our users say about the cross-section of pipes designed to create ventilation ducts.
Smart2305 User FORUMHOUSE
For hoods the connection is 150 mm. The diameter of the pipe along the riser should be 200 mm (choose the square equivalent yourself).
Requirements for exhaust ventilation in the kitchen. Power calculation
When choosing a hood for our own kitchen, each of us thinks about how much power this device should have. In all cases, this indicator depends on the area of the kitchen space. If the area of your kitchen is less than 10 m² (inclusive), and the height is 2.5 - 2.7 m, then a hood that passes through 280–350 m³ of air in one hour may well satisfy your needs. If the kitchen area is larger, then the power of the device should be appropriate.
In principle, this parameter can be obtained from sellers, or you can calculate it yourself using the formula: V=S*H*10*1.3. In it: S and H are the area and height of the room, V is the volume (m³/h).
Household men, as you know, strive to do every little thing in the house with their own hands in order to be sure of the result. It was they who probably came up with the worldly wisdom that if you want it done well, you have to do it yourself.
Many, in an effort to improve the convenience and beauty of the interior, even get to the kitchen ventilation system.
2 Classification of types of ventilation systems in the kitchen
When developing kitchen ventilation with your own hands, first of all you should decide which type of hood is most suitable for the kitchen, so that the wrong choice of its type does not lead to unwanted redevelopment of the room or disruption of the kitchen interior. Or vice versa, if your plans include a radical redevelopment and a complete change in the interior of the room, then a new interior is no less important.
At the moment, there are several main types of this technology:
- Dome hood– traditional and most common option. Suitable for most classic kitchens.
- Hanging– a flat hood, often mounted between the hob and a wall cabinet. Does not violate the overall style of the interior.
- Corner hood– suitable for kitchens with a small area, in which, due to lack of space, the stove is located in the corner.
- Island hood– designed for kitchens whose area allows the hob to be placed on a kind of island in the middle of the room. This hood is installed to bring the interior of the room closer to the appearance of a professional kitchen.
- – mounted in a cabinet, hiding its main part, as well as air ducts, from prying eyes. An excellent option for those who do not want to disrupt the overall style and interior design.
Having decided which type of hood is right for you, you can begin to study the intricacies of installing a ventilation system with your own hands.
2.1 Self-installation and dismantling of kitchen ventilation systems
When installing a ventilation system with your own hands, it is important to initially correctly calculate the required exhaust power. The wrong choice of performance can lead to incorrect operation of the entire system.
Calculating the hood power is the key to proper operation of the system
There is a standard formula for calculating hood power: this is the volume of the room multiplied by 12. The volume of the room can be simply calculated by multiplying its area by its height. And the number 12 is the recommended standard for the number of air updates in the kitchen in one hour.
2.2 Selecting the right ducts for your ventilation system
Having calculated the required power of the hood, you also need to select a pipe to connect the hood to the ventilation shaft, which is easy to reach by dismantling the decorative grille that hides it. Only choosing the correct pipe diameter and length will ensure optimal performance of the ventilation system.
The most common options are and. The diameter of the air duct must be selected based on the size of the exhaust outlet of the hood. In no case should you install a pipe of a smaller diameter, as this will lead to a loss of system performance and an increased noise level during its operation.
When installing a pipe connecting the hood to the ventilation shaft, it is advisable to avoid a large number of sharp turns of the air duct, as this will inevitably have a detrimental effect on the power. If you cannot do without turns at all, it is advisable to make them smooth, with a large radius, or make one 90-degree bend in two stages of 45.
When the air duct is led not into the ventilation shaft, but directly to the street, the pipe outlet must be equipped with a grille, as well as a check valve. at the same time, it will serve as protection against foreign objects getting into the air duct, and the check valve will not allow air flows to create reverse draft.
The importance of proper supply ventilation
Unlike the times when most apartment buildings were designed and ventilation indicators were calculated based on the throughput of wooden windows, today's apartments are mostly already equipped with plastic windows, which let in significantly less outside air.
This should also be taken into account when making calculations, since in this case, when the hood is operating, air will begin to flow from the remaining rooms of the apartment, as well as from the ventilation shaft located in the bathroom. Having gotten rid of one problem, we will thus create the next one. This can be avoided by installing fresh air ventilation in the outer wall. Essentially, this is a piece of pipe through which, when the atmosphere in the kitchen becomes rarefied, air from outside begins to flow in.
Such a system should also be equipped with a grille and a check valve, but now this valve no longer allows air from the kitchen to escape outside. And the grille, traditionally, protects the air duct from debris and foreign objects. It is best to place them behind a heating radiator so that the air coming from outside has time to warm up slightly.
The diameter of the pipe should be calculated based on the power of the hood, as well as the intensity of its use. In order not to complicate your task, sometimes, with low power hoods, it is enough to equip a plastic window in the kitchen with a supply valve.
To be demolished or not to demolish the ventilation duct?
Many, when remodeling a kitchen, decide to demolish it, which, in their opinion, does not bring any benefit, but only takes up useful space in the room. Under no circumstances should you do this.
This box is not only an interior element. It is also part of the general building natural ventilation system, and its demolition will inevitably lead to disruption of the ventilation shaft. Not only will the ventilation of your apartment be disrupted, but also the smells from neighboring apartments may become your regular guests.
In addition, demolition of the box is simply prohibited, which can lead to problems if unauthorized redevelopment of this type is detected by the competent authorities. In addition to fines, you may also be required to restore the ventilation duct in the kitchen.
So, when changing the layout of the room, this opportunity should be abandoned. Therefore, since it cannot be removed, you can decorate it, harmoniously fitting it into the overall style of the interior.
2.3 Rules for the operation and prevention of the kitchen ventilation system
Correct operation is the key to system efficiency
When installing and subsequently using a ventilation system in the kitchen, an important rule should be “do no harm.” Interventions to the original ventilation system when remodeling a kitchen should be such that they improve the original air exhaust system, and do not reduce its performance.
As mentioned above, when developing a ventilation system project and remodeling a room, you need to refuse to demolish the ventilation duct, as this is fraught with negative consequences for you and your neighbors.
Incorrect selection of exhaust power also affects the performance of the ventilation system. A hood that is too weak will not be able to clean the air in a timely manner, and a hood that is too strong for the given volume of the room will lead to an imbalance of air flows.
Also, one of the keys to long-term operation of the system is its timely prevention.
Timely prevention is the key to longevity and a way to save money
It is well known that during the operation of any equipment it is better to carry out preventive maintenance on time than to subsequently carry out expensive repairs. Prevention of ventilation systems should be carried out regularly, and this is a fairly simple procedure that can also be done with your own hands, without the involvement of specialists.
Air ducts should be inspected at least once a year and, if necessary, cleaned of soot and dust. Also, you should clean the grille located at the end of the exhaust duct if it is vented outside. It is equally important to clean the supply ventilation grille.
Maintenance of the grease grate located on the hood should be carried out as it becomes dirty. Sometimes it is enough to wash the grille with warm soapy water, without using aggressive detergents or hard metal brushes.
The wrong choice of detergent can ruin it by damaging its coating. And the frequency of replacing the carbon filter must be calculated based on the intensity of use of the hood.
In general, the issue of installing a ventilation system yourself is quite broad, but we hope that the information presented in our article helped you figure out some of the nuances associated with this type of work. And the air ventilation system, installed by you yourself, will serve well, delighting with its functionality and complementing the interior of the kitchen.
Installing ventilation in the kitchen is one of the most important factors when arranging an apartment for a comfortable stay. Kitchen ventilation prevents the penetration of unpleasant odors throughout the apartment and all living rooms.
One of the most important factors when arranging an apartment for a comfortable stay is the installation of a ventilation system
In addition, proper exhaust hood can prevent fatty deposits from getting onto apartment surfaces. Does the eating room really need to be equipped with special equipment? What is kitchen ventilation: is it necessary or not?
About the variety of types of ventilation systems
Ventilation in an apartment has several schemes and differs in their design. Suitable installation for the kitchen:
- exhaust ventilation, which works on the principle of extracting air from the room, while new air appears based on pressure relief;
- a natural ventilation system, the work of which is to bring in fresh oxygen and displace internal oxygen using pressure levels;
- supply ventilation for the kitchen in the apartment, thanks to which new air is introduced and old air is eliminated; exhaust and supply system.
In the case of kitchen ventilation, special devices are installed (they are divided according to the installation method).
- A built-in exhaust device with a non-standard mount that is suitable for installation in a kitchen table or wall cabinet. This feature made the hood quite popular.
- The suspended exhaust system is called flat and is in quite high demand. Installation in the room takes place in the area of the wall cabinet and gas stove.
- The island hood is suspended from the ceiling and is suitable for installation in an apartment in a multi-storey building.
- The corner system is placed in the corners.
- A wall-mounted hood is mounted on the wall - above the stove.
Wall-mounted hood in the kitchen is mounted above the stove
Exhaust devices can be flow-through or circulation. In the first case, dirty air masses are removed into the ventilation shaft. This type is the most effective, unlike others. In the second case, the essence of the exhaust device is to draw in air and clean it with special filters. After cleaning, good air enters the room.
The eating room can be equipped with local and general ventilation. In the first case, we are talking about exhaust ventilation, which is installed in the most problematic areas (hob, convection heater, barbecue) of the kitchen in a private house/apartment. The easiest way to install a hood is with all the required dimensions and air speed settings. The only significant drawback is the noise of the model, regardless of its price.
Another, but not easy, option is to install an individual hood in a private home. Its construction is suitable for developing a unique design. This option involves installing a kitchen umbrella with inserts that trap fat deposits. Ventilation requirements regarding location include mandatory installation in a utility room or attic to ensure noiselessness.
Speaking about general exchange/supply and exhaust ventilation, it should be noted that it produces air exchange throughout the kitchen, but has a low productivity compared to the local system. This is due to the need to provide exhaust over several zones. If your kitchen does not exceed 7 sq.m., then exhaust ventilation with mandatory supply air supply is ideal - it can be installed or not.
Ventilation in the kitchen or dining room is designed in accordance with established standards and multiplicities.
Kitchen ventilation is designed in accordance with established standards and multiplicities
With constant operation, the multiple air exchange is 60-90 cubic meters. m., with a maximum of 180 cubic meters. meters per hour. There is no need to determine the characteristics of air exchange by multiplicity for the kitchen, since air flow from other rooms is ensured.
How to decide when choosing a hood and fan?
Before installing one or another system in the kitchen of an apartment, it is important to take into account not only the appearance, but also other factors that are necessary for normal life. First, the size/diameter of the ventilation systems is determined.
To do this correctly, you need to measure the ventilation shaft - the size of the fan will be 10-15 cm larger. Next, it is important to calculate the performance of the device. To do this, you need to carry out several mathematical operations: multiply the length with the width and height, and then subtract the volume occupied by the furniture. The resulting figure is multiplied by 6 and separately by 12. By calculating these limits, you can choose the right fan for the kitchen.
If any other room is combined with the kitchen, then both rooms are taken into account. Don’t forget about the volume of a powerful device. In general, a kitchen measuring 6 meters will be fully equipped when installing a fan, the productivity of which reaches 180 cubic meters per hour. You can install ventilation in a 10-meter kitchen with a capacity of 220 to 300 cubic meters.
In the case where the vein shaft is smaller in size than the fan, you should pay attention to turbo devices with higher power.
Features of ventilation systems for kitchens
When choosing fans, it's important to consider more than just size and performance. Ventilation in the kitchen should be equipped with a special mesh that prevents insects from visiting the house from the ventilation shaft.
An important requirement from customers is the removal of the front panel to ensure convenient cleaning. To prevent odors from someone else’s kitchen from entering the apartment through the ventilation ducts, it is necessary to select a device that has a check valve aimed at preventing the opposite draft.
Homemade ventilation in the kitchen can be supplemented with a switch on the cord.
About natural ventilation
The natural ventilation system became popular during the construction of old-style private houses. Minutes of the system according to this scheme require constant checking of the drafts of the ventilation ducts. For proper verification, two options are used.
- If a natural device is installed under the ceiling, then applying a sheet of paper is enough: when you cover the ventilation with it, the sheet will stick and display the working status of the ventilation in a private house.
- In addition to the sheet, the system is checked with a lit match or lighter. When the ventilation system is working, the flame will change direction.
You can check the ventilation duct drafts using a lighter.
If there are problems with the natural ventilation system, then the entire ventilation shaft and air duct must be cleaned.
If there is no result, only specialists can help cope with the problem. By the way, using natural ventilation schemes, you can “reward” yourself with a lot of problems due to the shortcomings of the device and ineffective operation.
The disadvantage of a natural ventilation system with no auxiliary fans is that it can lead to draft overturning due to external factors or changes in air direction. That is why it is better to ensure that the channels are located outside - for example, on the roof.
An important stage in this process is the insulation of pipes and air ducts passing by cold places. With ventilation ducts leading outside, their operation will only occur when the fan is turned on.
About the compulsory system
Forced ventilation does not resemble natural ventilation, because it is truly the most effective system that participates in sufficient air exchange in a private home, kitchen premises, etc. With the correct selection of parameters, when the air exchange rate is taken into account, the operation of forced kitchen ventilation will be effective and long-term.
A forced ventilation system is installed when the natural type of organization is problematic and other ventilation devices are ineffective. The kitchen room is equipped with a forced device in certain cases. When supply valves are installed separately, which provide air exchange, and exhaust fans are installed at the entrance to the roof shaft. Both devices operate on the principle of mechanical air injection.
If we are carrying out a forced system, then it is important to remember the variety of options available, some of them are fully automatic, and some have special sensors aimed at detecting humidity and temperature levels. Such additional arrangement is necessary for more economical calculation of electricity.
When choosing equipment for your home, consider some factors.
- When installing a forced ventilation duct system, stacked ventilation will be the best choice. She will arrange not only a private house, but also other large-sized areas. Despite the fact that there are smaller options, none of them are suitable for low ceilings.
- You can opt for monoblock forced ventilation. Such a ventilation device is fully automated, has an air supply and exhaust fan, filters for fine and coarse cleaning and dirt removal, a heater and a cooling section.
The above can be combined by summing up the work of the compulsory system. An installed forced ventilation device is necessary for houses with a non-working natural system. There is also a need for a forced-type ventilation device for those whose air does not flow from the street into the house, is not purified, and does not go outside.
Features of the exhaust system
Speaking about exhaust devices, it should be noted that these are the most popular systems for kitchen premises. A ventilation system of this level can be installed either of a general type or a local one.
In the first case, a fan with a grille is provided for air exchange, and in the second, exhaust equipment is installed that draws in any aromas. Installation of hoods in kitchens is common and most modern. Mainly, the system looks like a dome and is connected to the venous system.
It is possible to ensure the correct installation of a hood in the kitchen only after connecting the existing hood to a separate vein channel. If you connect it to a common duct or chimney, then there is a chance that carbon monoxide will return back to the power rooms.
An apartment with an outdated type of ventilation is not equipped with insulated ducts for exhaust hoods, so an additional system needs to be installed. An additional ventilation duct is always created separately due to the impossibility of venting the hood into a common roof shaft.
In this case, a recirculation unit is suitable, which is ineffective. If you are not afraid of staining your home surfaces with grease, steam and other stains, then an apartment hood can be built in using a separate horizontal channel, the outlet of which will be located outside the wall; it must be closed with a grille or valve.
About the supply ventilation circuit
The supply ventilation system for kitchens in multi-storey buildings and in private houses is not in demand and it is possible to effectively move air in the rooms.
Such a kitchen system can only be installed if there is no hood at all, having first checked the traction system by covering the air duct with plasterboard. Otherwise, it will not be possible to work with such ventilation in a private house, and unpleasant odors will spread throughout the room. Most often, a fan is used as an auxiliary element.
Most often, a fan is used as an auxiliary element in a supply ventilation circuit
Some manufacturers have developed supply systems with special sensors for apartments. They measure temperature and humidity and their operation is automatic. However, purchasing such equipment is quite expensive and not a completely justified option.
What do you need to know about installing a fan?
Calculating ventilation is an important point. When installing ventilation, it is important to check the condition of the air ducts in the room.
In order for all requirements to be met, it is necessary to ensure that the air ducts are in good working order (for this you can contact the appropriate authorities that clean the shafts). What are the rules for installing a fan:
- the area selected for the future device is indicated by making a hole in the wall: ventilation calculations are made based on the diameter of the pipe;
- the device is built in, and the remaining open space is foamed;
- we cover the equipment with a grille from the outside;
- you can plug the device into a power outlet.
When the ventilation shaft is not working, the most powerful system is installed - a centrifugal one, which exhausts air through the cracks.
As it turns out, ventilation in the kitchen is far from the only option. There is no need to remind that the ventilation system, especially in a multi-storey building, is important for ensuring comfortable living. All that remains is to understand the calculations, choose a suitable scheme and install and close the ventilation in the kitchen.
Due to the widespread installation of metal-plastic windows in kitchens, natural air circulation is disrupted. At the same time, high-quality ventilation in the kitchen is very important, but its arrangement must be done with skill, so that instead of exhaust from the air vent, there is no influx of odors from neighboring apartments or the bathroom.
- 1. Dome. The product got its name due to the shape of the air intake, which resembles a dome. An air duct emerges from the top of the hole, removing air through the ventilation duct.
- 2. Built-in. Such models can be hidden from prying eyes by hiding the hood in the kitchen unit. Often built-in hoods have a retractable panel. This makes it possible to economically distribute space and provide convenient control of the device.
- 1. Angular. Installing the stove in the corner saves space and makes the cooking surface accessible. The structure itself has the shape of a dome.
- 2. Wall-mounted. In this case, one part of the hood is adjacent to the wall, and the other is located above the stove.
- 3. Island. This hood is installed above the stove, which is located in the center of the kitchen.
- 1. Chemical. Such neutralizers must be replaced regularly, as a greasy film quickly appears on them, and they stop working without fully using up their service life. In addition, chemical neutralizers themselves begin to produce compounds that can cause harm to health.
- 2. Electroionization. This equipment works on the principle of an ionizer, but in any room of the house toxic substances are found in much smaller quantities than in the kitchen. To get rid of them, you will need a powerful discharge, which can also harm a housewife standing near the stove.
- 3. Ultraviolet. When using these neutralizers, in some cases it is necessary to wipe the light bulbs from plaque and replace them approximately every 2 years, but good ones are expensive. But this neutralizer is not dangerous for people. In addition, the lamps not only emit ultraviolet light, but are also used as additional lighting.
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Ventilation requirement
Many apartments have gas stoves. During its combustion, carbon dioxide is released, the toxic properties of which are more pronounced given the increase in its content in the air. The only correct solution to this problem is in the kitchen in the apartment.
A properly designed ventilation system in the kitchen is required, even if the gas oven is working perfectly. The need for this increases with errors during equipment setup, which can cause the formation of carbon monoxide. In addition, the gas sometimes does not burn completely, accumulating in the air.
How to properly connect a kitchen hood \ How to mount extractor hood correctly
In other words, when starting work with a gas stove, you must immediately turn on the forced fan of the exhaust equipment. But electric stoves do not reduce the importance of effective ventilation.
Burning of food begins to be accompanied by the formation of harmful substances that appear as a result of pyrolysis of organic elements. People who prefer to cook food by steaming know that evaporation leads to an increase in humidity, and this also needs to be reduced. That is, ventilation in the kitchen with a hood is a vital necessity.
Types of exhaust systems
Various consumer needs force manufacturers of ventilation systems to create products that could best suit the needs of any customer, so the range on the modern household appliances market is quite large. It is necessary to understand such diversity.
Air purification methods
You can purify the air using different ventilation methods. Depending on which one is used in a particular product, hoods are divided into 2 types:
Circulation systems can be combined with standard ventilation ducts in the kitchen. The disadvantages include the high price and expensive maintenance, since filters need to be replaced regularly.
The difference between an evacuation exhaust system is that it can additionally remove excess heat that constantly appears during cooking. Circulation devices do not have this function.
Construction type
In addition to the main function, consumers pay attention to other features of various products. It is necessary that the exhaust equipment fits harmoniously into the design of the room and is convenient to use. It should also be possible to mount on one's own.
Modern devices differ in both performance and installation method, production material, design, and other functions.
According to their design, hoods are divided into two types:
Before ordering a set and choosing an exhaust device, you need to plan the room so that kitchen furniture and appliances do not interfere with each other and are easy to use.
At the installation location
The hood is installed taking into account various factors - the area of the kitchen, the location of the stove and the furniture.
Depending on the installation, exhaust structures are:
Before installing the hood with your own hands, you must carefully read the instructions. There are installation specifics for any model, but certain general rules apply to all products. This is the height of the location relative to the level of the furnaces. For gas stoves it should be at least 80 cm, and for electric stoves it should be at least 70 cm.
WE BUILD VENTILATION and HOOD FOR OURSELVES with our own hands
Operational safety
The hood kit certainly includes a fan, which means that the equipment must be connected to an outlet. If the renovation of the apartment has just begun, then a separate one is needed. Using it with only one device will make it possible to disguise it behind elements of kitchen furniture. But at the same time, it is necessary to provide convenient access to it. There is one more rule: the socket must be no closer than 50 cm from the sink and hob.
The kitchen is a room that can be both humid and hot at the same time. Excessive moisture and grease from cooking accumulates on the fan grill, creating the potential for an electrical short. That is why the device must be connected to the mains using a three-core cable.
The electrical wiring must contain phase, neutral and ground. The ground wire has yellow insulation and a longitudinal green stripe. New buildings are already equipped with Euro sockets with grounding, so you just need to connect the grounding cable to the terminal on the plug. It is very easy to identify by the icon in the form of three lines of different sizes.
Old buildings do not have grounding. In this case, you need to organize your own protection. In the event of an electrical breakdown, grounding will turn off the machine on the panel. In addition, it is required to balance the potentials.
Grounding organization
To organize grounding, you do not need to dig a trench and drive metal rods into the ground. It is prohibited to ground the hood to the gas pipeline, heating plant and water supply pipes.
To organize grounding in the house, you need to find a neutral and connect to it, for which you need to open the common panel in the entrance. The wires in it are enclosed in a pipe immured in the wall. There should be a threaded pin on it - this is the neutral, which means the pipe is reliably grounded.
Afterwards, you need to take a multi-core cable with a cross-section of at least 2.6 mm², connect it to the neutral and lead it to the required socket. The hood must be connected to the electrical network using a 6.4 A circuit breaker.
Ventilation in the kitchen. Nuances.
Possible problems during arrangement
During installation of equipment, it is sometimes possible to violate the standard one. An attempt to correct this problem may be to punch a hole (specifically for the exhaust device) outwards or into the . But the desired result cannot be achieved using this method, because the cross-sectional area of the ventilation channel does not increase while making another hole in it.
If the outcome is favorable, only a little more than half of the odors from the kitchen will escape into the channel, and the rest will remain in the room. If there is wind outside or draft from neighboring floors appears, then all the polluted air will return back into the room or pass to the neighbors.
As for venting air to the street using a hole in the wall, in this case the supporting structure is damaged. These works must be coordinated with the relevant authorities and a preliminary development of the draft of the upcoming changes must be provided. In addition, such a solution can create the risk of condensation forming both in the air outlet and on the fan motor, so a short circuit is almost inevitable. As a solution to this situation, it is better to use an additional section of the ventilation duct equipped with a flapper valve.
The damper is usually made of aluminum sheet 0.6 mm thick or fiberglass or fluoroplastic. It is best to make an aluminum product, since both the thickness and rigidity, as well as the lightness of the damper, are important. The firecracker fires more efficiently when the specific gravity of the manufacturing material is low.
The damper is equipped with a thin spring. Its main task is as follows: if the damper is raised up and the impact on it is completed, then it should smoothly return to its original position. Wire for making a spring is needed with a diameter of 0.25−0.4 mm. With a size of 130-140 mm, the diameter of the spring itself is 4-6 mm.
Getting rid of odors
Kitchen hoods often have odor neutralizers. On the domestic market you can find several types:
Air duct installation
The exhaust system kit does not include an air duct. It must be purchased separately. There is an opinion that a rectangular metal box looks much more attractive in contrast to aluminum corrugation, but the latter option also has its advantages:
It is quite possible to organize a ventilation system in the kitchen on your own. But before starting work, you need to find out what types of exhaust equipment the modern market can offer today, what kind of schemes and rules for arranging a hood exist. Providing ventilation is a responsible matter, so it must be approached very carefully.
You probably won't mind that kitchen incense isn't always breathtakingly beautiful. To avoid this, careful ventilation is needed.
Ventilation in the kitchen with a hood
Compared to conventional ventilation systems, the kitchen hood performs its function forcibly and works with heated and polluted air. Based on this, it must be protected from exposure to high temperatures and vapors of boiling fat and oil.
As with other built-in appliances, hoods must match the size of the kitchen space. As well as the area of the cooking panel over which they are mounted. If its air intake hood completely covers the stove, then the leakage of purified air will be insignificant. This explains the popularity among buyers of models with an umbrella width of 600x900mm, similar to the size of standard hobs.
The height of the ventilation hood is placed based on convenience and fire safety requirements. The lower, if possible, the better. In a word, the required distance between the stove and the umbrella: 500-650 mm.
It is important to select a hood with performance based on the volume of the kitchen: for example, for a kitchen with a volume of 30 m3, a device that processes 300 m3/hour of air is suitable.
Ventilation in the kitchen with a volume of about 30 cubic meters
Any exhaust ventilation works quite normally if infiltration is created correctly - the flow of outside fresh air into the room. It is provided by a forced ventilation device, provided with means of heating the incoming air from the outside. Additional small-sized air handling units are perfect for apartments. Thanks to them, windows (not plastic) and doors can be reliably sealed.
Ventilation of a kitchen equipped with a gas stove
Nowadays, many houses in rural areas have gas stoves installed in their kitchens, which are used not only for cooking, but also for feeding livestock. Water heating devices are also installed here. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure reliable air exchange, which affects the temperature and humidity conditions of the entire building.
For example, the internal air volume in a kitchen with a four-burner gas stove should be from 15, and together with a water heater - at least 21 cubic meters. The height of the kitchen space is at least 2.2 meters. It must have a window with a window and an exhaust ventilation duct.
But this is not enough. The concentration of carbon monoxide and water vapor (combustion of 1.0 m3 of gas releases 2 liters of steam) during the day can create a microclimate worse than in a forge. In addition to duct ventilation, you will have to equip the gas stove with a hood (if you have a water heater, this is mandatory).
Plastic ventilation for kitchen
Boxes. Ventilation ducts for connecting an exhaust device can also be made of colored PVC (round or flat section) with diameters of 100, 125 or 150 mm. They fit harmoniously into a modern kitchen interior.
Plastic boxes for kitchen ventilation
The most popular duct for domestic hoods is a 125 mm air duct with a throughput capacity of 400 m3/hour. The smooth surface of the plastic box provides minimal resistance to air movement. It is silent, durable and easy to care for.
Flaws:
higher cost relative to galvanized ducts and flexible air ducts;
the presence of many components and limited sizes of produced PVC channels.
Advantages:
- smooth surface and aesthetic appearance;
— density and strength of the connection, durability;
- easy and quick cleaning.
Subtleties of installation of plastic air ducts. Most of the contaminated air is discharged through the ventilation duct, which makes it difficult to install the hood and connect it to the air duct, because The layout and furnishings of kitchens do not always allow the installation of a hood next to it. A large length of the air duct (with many bends) reduces the efficiency of the exhaust system, and noise increases.
Restoring ventilation in the kitchen
The ventilation system must be cleaned regularly. It is recommended to do this in a timely manner. If a day after a thorough cleaning of the house you can again see piles of wool and dust in the secluded corners, and the floor is covered with a gray dusty haze, then it’s time to clean the ventilation. Stuffiness and heat, especially in the kitchen, are also signs of decreased performance of the ventilation system. A sheet of paper brought to the ventilation grille does not move - again, there are problems with it. Many people believe that ventilation restoration should be done by specialists.
Restoring the ventilation duct has several stages:
1. First, access to the air ducts is provided - the previously installed ceilings and walls are dismantled, the required part of the tiles on the floor is cut out (if necessary).
2. Materials are selected for installing missing or damaged elements (air ducts and inter-channel partitions).
3. Spare parts are inserted into place and carefully secured.
4. After resuscitating the internal contents, they begin to recreate the box itself. The materials most often are high-strength foam blocks or gypsum tiles, which have high noise insulation, water resistance and fire resistance. The use of other materials is not advisable.
5. At the end of the restoration, the functioning of the ventilation and the surface decorative finishing of the box are checked.
Installation of ventilation in the kitchen
The air duct should not tightly close the ventilation duct, otherwise when the device is turned off, the exhaust will continue due to natural draft. A draft, especially in the kitchen, is harmful to health. During the design of the hood, it is necessary to ensure that the air duct is as short as possible, with the least number of turns and bends, and that its walls remain smooth.
When choosing the type of exhaust device, they are guided by the distance of the exhaust ventilation duct from the cooking stove, as noted above. Moreover, they take into account that the larger the diameter of the outlet adapter from the hood to the air duct, the less energy will be needed for effective ventilation operation.
When choosing a hood, pay attention to performance. Here it is not advisable to overdo it with its power. The hood is selected to match the diameter of the exhaust duct, because the efficiency of its functioning is affected not so much by the fan power as by the cross-section of the ventilation duct opening. Otherwise, with insignificant efficiency, the electric fan will consume an excessive amount of energy and “choke” from the effort, pushing a large volume of air through a channel that is too wide. Fans at low to medium speeds provide better performance.
High-quality ventilation of a house (apartment), especially auxiliary premises, is not an element of home comfort, but a serious necessity, and your health directly depends on it. There is no need to rely on modern air conditioning systems: they do not purify the air, but only heat or cool it.
In conclusion, it should be noted that when planning to build a house, think about air exchange in advance, in the project, and when purchasing housing, pay special attention to the ventilation device!