Installing plastic windows with your own hands (photo, instructions). Measuring plastic windows How to correctly measure plastic windows
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Having decided to replace old windows with plastic ones, you need to calculate the estimate. The pricing policy of a new window depends on many factors: fittings, profile thickness, number of cameras, but one of the main price determinants will be size. In addition, when replacing it yourself, you will need to independently measure the parameters of the opening without the help of the manufacturer. As a rule, in panel buildings the windows are not particularly different from one another, but in brick buildings the difference can be several centimeters. How to measure a window without the help of specialists?
What you need to know about window openings
As mentioned above, window openings do not have the same, standard sizes. For example, panel houses have approximately the same dimensions, since they are made in a single form and the difference is not significant. In a brick house, especially old buildings, the difference is significant, and can range from several to tens of millimeters.
The second nuance is that when the house shrinks, the window openings may warp and have differences in some indicators.
In private houses, dimensions generally do not have a single standard, especially since the material of the walls and shrinkage with subsequent deformation of window openings are of great importance. In such cases, you need to take measurements under the plastic window several times and check everything.
In window terminology, there is still the concept of a window with and without a quarter. This part of the window opening is the projection of the wall on the outside (street) side, intended to fix the window on the side of the living room. A quarter can reach sizes of up to 30 millimeters. In private construction this element is ignored, but in the construction of apartment buildings built before the middle of the last century it is present. So, how to measure windows to replace with plastic ones?
How to measure a quarter window
If there is a quarter-length protrusion in the window opening, then the installation of the window system will be carried out from inside the room, so you need to measure the opening taking into account the specifics. If there is such a protrusion, the width of the window is measured along the external (street) slope, adding 40-60 mm to the indicator. After this, it is worth measuring the internal width. The future window should not exceed the internal dimensions.
The height of the window is an indicator from the lower slope, minus 10-20 millimeters for the gap. Adding 30 mm to the top to fix the window in the quarter.
Ideally, when installing window systems in a quarter opening, the following parameters should be observed:
- For installation under the bottom of the drainage frame, the gap from the edge of the quarter is a maximum of 20 millimeters.
- The frame extends beyond the side protrusions by 20-30 mm.
- The window extends 20 mm beyond the upper projection.
- The entire window system does not touch the walls of the opening, while having an installation gap.
If these parameters are observed, the plastic window must fit securely into the opening and lock into place.
How to correctly measure a window without a quarter
Measuring a window without protrusions in the opening yourself is quite simple. The width of the future frame must correspond to the opening, minus the tolerance for the installation gap. The height of the window is calculated from the lower slope to the upper, taking away the gap for installation and the tolerance for installing the window sill.
To calculate the parameters of the window sill, the following calculations are made:
- Width - the thickness of the wall from the inside plus the projection of the window sill.
- Length - a tolerance is added to the width of the opening on both sides within 80 mm.
It is worth considering when replacing external drainage systems and internal window sills that the thickness of the new window system is less than that of old wooden windows.
Measuring a window correctly is a rather scrupulous procedure and it’s worth checking everything several times. After all, if the manufactured system is a little smaller, then everything can still be corrected, but with larger parameters such a window simply will not fit into the opening. The best thing to do to measure a window for installing a plastic window is to call an experienced measurer from the manufacturer's company, the price is not so high, and a professional will do his job quickly and efficiently.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZkPeJynb9LY Video can't be loaded: How to measure windows to replace with plastic ones (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZkPeJynb9LY)
How to correctly measure the opening for a plastic window with your own hands
The measurement of a plastic window directly depends on the size of the opening you will make in your home. If the dimensions of your opening are non-standard, and you are worried that you will not be able to fit a window into it properly, do not despair. Nowadays, plastic windows are made to any individual size and shape. But if you already have windows made of a different material that you want to replace with plastic, measuring the opening with your own hands, then this article is for you.
Measuring the opening of a plastic window
First we will tell you how to correctly measure openings for plastic windows in openings that have a “quarter”(a quarter is a protrusion from the outer sides of a half-brick window, to which the window frame is adjacent), in width.
- Since the window itself extends beyond the quarter by 1.5-2.5 cm from the side, you need to add 3-5 cm to the internal size of the window - this will be the correct size of the window you will buy.
- Explaining the above: the actual size of the window will be slightly wider than the one you measure inside (in contact with the side internal slopes).
- The width of the window will be less than the width of the opening with the window sill.
Now we measure the window height:
- If measured from the outside, then 2 cm is subtracted from the height between the outer upper slope and the base of the opening for the mounting foam.
- Next, 1.5-2.5 cm is added to this size so that the window can fit into the upper quarter.
- If you have a window with a sill and a window sill, then subtract 3 cm from the resulting size, because we need to find out exactly the size of the window.
When using a stand profile, the height and width of the window will be 3-8 cm less, which will be spent on mounting foam. Sometimes it happens that a quarter is more than 5 cm. In this case, an additional profile is used so as not to leave much space for the mounting foam.
Remember: the height of the plastic window should be less than the distance from the upper internal slope to the window sill. Together with the stand profile, the height of the window should be less than the distance from the upper internal slope to the lower side of the window sill.
If your opening does not have a quarter, then the correct measurement of a plastic window will be as follows:
- 3-8 cm is subtracted from the width of the opening.
- 5-6 cm is subtracted from the height of the opening, 3 cm of which will go to the stand profile, the rest to the mounting foam.
In conclusion, we draw your attention to the fact that walls often have curvatures that need to be taken into account. Based on this, windows need to be measured along their smallest sides (the widening of the wall can always be covered with foam). If you do not plan to install plastic windows yourself, we recommend inviting a specialist to take accurate window measurements.
Window measurement
Measuring the opening for installing a window must be approached very responsibly. After all, an incorrect measurement can lead to the need to carry out additional expensive work or redo the manufactured plastic window. Most window companies do not recommend taking measurements yourself. They are not responsible for the compliance of the dimensions of the manufactured window with the window opening if the measurements are made by the customer and not by a company specialist. But sometimes it becomes necessary to measure the window opening yourself. In this case, you need to carefully follow the instructions for measuring windows correctly.
Measurement of plastic windows
There are two types of window openings: with a quarter and without a quarter. A quarter is a protrusion from the sides and top of a window opening that prevents the window from falling out and protects against the penetration of precipitation and wind into the room. The width of a quarter in a panel house is 50 mm, in a brick house – 65 mm, or ¼ of a brick.
Window measurement occurs in 4 stages:
- calculating window opening sizes
- low tide measurement
- window sill measurement
- determination of slope dimensions
How to measure plastic windows
Measuring the window opening starts from the street side, then moves to the inside. To do this, open the window and measure the width of the opening between the quarters at the top and bottom. These details may vary. To the smallest result obtained, add 3–5 cm if the house is panel, and 4–6 cm for a brick building. This value will be the width of the window. To check whether the window width was measured correctly, compare the result obtained with the opening width of the inside of the window and with the distance between the places where the slopes touch the window frame. It should be between these values. To calculate the height of the window, you need to measure the distance from the bottom of the window opening to the edge of the upper quarter. To this value you need to add 2-3 cm to overlap the quarter and subtract 2 cm for the thickness of the polyurethane foam. If the window has a sill and a sill, a stand profile will be used when installing it. In this case, the window height value is reduced by another 3 cm. If the measurement is done correctly, then the height value will be almost equal to the distance from the end of the upper quarter to the upper edge of the ebb.
If the window opening does not have quarters, then when calculating the width of the window, subtract 3–8 cm from the width of the opening for the installation gap. The height is calculated by subtracting 5–6 cm from the height of the opening, of which 3 cm is for the stand profile.
The length and width of the ebb are calculated as follows: add 5 cm to the distance between the right and left quarters. This is the length of the ebb. To calculate its width, add 2 cm to the distance from the end of the quarters to the window.
The window sill is measured from the side of the room. It should be taken into account that the new plastic window is only 5–6 cm thick, while the windows that were installed previously are wider. Therefore, to calculate the width of the window sill, subtract 5-6 cm from the distance from the outer sash of the old window to the edge of the window sill. The length of the window sill is the distance from edge to edge of the inner part of the window opening.
The width and length of the slopes are measured along the inside of the window opening.
All values must be recorded in millimeters.
If you are building a wooden log house, do not forget to take into account that the log house will “sit down” for at least two years. If the windows will be installed immediately after the frame is assembled, then when calculating the height of the window from the height of the opening, you need to subtract 10–15% for shrinkage and another 5–6 cm for installation. The window width is measured as described above. If you do not take into account the shrinkage of the frame, then the lowered top rims of the frame can break the window. Experts recommend installing windows in a log house only after it shrinks. The method of installing windows in a log house differs from the usual one, since there should be no rigid fastening of the window to the logs, in order to avoid window breakage or “hanging” of the upper crowns. A casing box is used, which is attached to a block inserted into a vertical groove sawn at the ends of the window opening logs. In this case, the crowns can move down the block without breaking the window or becoming stuck.
If possible, you should entrust the window measurements to an employee of the organization that will produce and install the windows. In this case, you can be sure that the measurement is correct. In addition, the company will be responsible for the manufacture and installation of windows. If the measurement is made independently, then you yourself will be responsible.
How to measure a plastic window correctly
Greetings, my brothers and sisters - handymen!
In the last page of my blog, we thoroughly examined the process of installing a metal-plastic window with our own hands. After reading it, you have probably become a level 80 window installation master and can install it with just the power of thought, and that’s good! But another important aspect when installing windows is their correct measurement, so that upon arrival at the site, your windows will clearly fit the size of your window opening.
Now someone will start poking their finger in my eye - why is this necessary if, when buying windows, a measurer comes and professionally measures everything. This is true, but many of us, whose hands grow from one place, as well as inquisitive minds, are trying to do repairs with our own hands, and I’m trying to convey to you, my assholes, that many types of construction work can be done by ourselves and not only gain invaluable experience, but also save a lot of money!
Read the article to find out how to measure a plastic window correctly.
Types of window openings
Window openings are available with or without a quarter. And each of them has its own measurement nuances.
Measurement of windows without a quarter
So, we’ve decided on the type of window opening - first, let’s measure the window without a quarter. First, measure the width and subtract 6 cm from the result obtained.
Why this is done - on each side there is 2-3 cm left under the mounting foam.
We measure the height of the opening.
Just like with the width, we subtract a strand of 6 cm from the obtained result. 3 cm is given for the stand profile, directly on which the window will stand, and 3 cm for the mounting foam.
D I'll give you a little advice. Take measurements of the width and height at three points of the opening - left, right, middle. This is done in order to determine the minimum size from which the distance required for the polyurethane foam will be subtracted.
Quarter window measurement
Friends, according to GOST, when installing and measuring windows with a quarter, the windows should extend 30 - 60 mm per quarter, so when calculating the width of the window, you must calculate it so that the window is larger than the quarter, but smaller than the walls.
We measure the height of the window and a quarter. It's done like this. First, measure the distance from the bottom of the window opening to the quarter and add 2 cm to it so that the window goes beyond the quarter. If you order windows with a window sill and ebb, then you should take into account the fact that they have a support profile, the width of which is 30 mm.
After all the calculations, it is necessary to subtract from 30 to 60 mm for the polyurethane foam and, in principle, the calculation can be considered complete.
In order to measure the width of a window and a quarter, you need to add 40 - 60 mm to the external size between the quarters so that the window extends beyond the quarter. When measuring, you also need to take into account that you will need a distance for the mounting foam.
Friends, you should not recess the window too deeply into a quarter, as this can ruin the aesthetics of the window and also complicate the subsequent installation of the mosquito net.
We looked at the measurement of windows with and without a quarter. It is necessary to understand that all this work is carried out in warm weather and implies the dismantling of old windows has already been completed, but if this is not possible, then the window can be measured even if there is an old window. Everything is simple here - you take the outer dimensions of the window frame as the initial size.
How to measure a window - video
Window sill measurement
Everything is simple here - measure the required length of the window sill and add 10 cm to it so that the window sill is recessed into the wall on both sides. The width of the window sill is measured taking into account the width of your wall, sorry for the taftology. The window sill should protrude slightly. I will not give any specific advice here, since this parameter can vary and is calculated individually. Let’s say, personally, in one room I have a normal window sill with a protrusion of 3 cm, and in the other bedroom there is practically no protrusion, since it rests on a metal heating pipe.
Some practical tips
Friends, handymen, we have reviewed with you the measurements of windows both with and without a quarter. In principle, there is nothing complicated here and you can do all the work yourself, but if your hands are shaking and your eyes are afraid, then qualified workers will come to your aid. By the way, you can only order window measurements and do the installation work yourself - it’s up to you and only you to decide!
If you have read the entire article to the end, then you probably already understand the principle of measurement, but there are a few more nuances that I would like to pay attention to.
Friends, even if you have to install ten windows, measure each one separately; you should not take average values. This is especially true for private houses, where the difference between adjacent windows can reach 20 cm.
Pay attention to all the little things - if you have heating made of polypropylene and sewn into the walls, then this is good, but if, like mine, 100 pipes are welded, then you need to make sure that they do not interfere with the installation of window sills, you also need to look at the jumpers - will it be possible remove them or you will have to adapt to them so that the window opens normally.
Let me remind you that all dimensions, or better yet, tolerances and fits may differ significantly from yours, since each of you has your own situation, your own openings - concrete, brick, cinder block, adobe, etc.
Also, before starting measurements, you need to clearly determine the type of windows you will install. Types of window profiles - 3, 4. 5 chamber. Types of double-glazed windows - 1, 2, 3 chamber. All these characteristics affect the thickness of the window, which is important when measuring windows correctly.
Don't pass by:
The measurement procedure is always required, and it would be better to entrust it to professional window installers. In all other cases, there is a high probability that the opening will be measured incorrectly, which is fraught with unpleasant consequences. In this case, it is better for the customer to obtain a basic minimum of knowledge, which will facilitate the process of communication with specialists. This article contains all the information buyers need to help avoid mistakes when measuring windows.
Why is it better to entrust measurements to professionals?
Many window customers consider this procedure a simple matter that they can handle on their own. Inexperienced property owners think that it is enough to be extremely careful, know how to measure a window, and everything will be fine. This is a misconception. There are quite a lot of nuances that a person without practical experience has no idea about. In the end, the measurement seems to have been done correctly in all respects, but it is not entirely correct.For example, in old houses there may be a fairly large distance between the window frames and the walls, which is filled with wooden backing bars, felt and construction waste, and then plastered. In half of such situations, non-specialists limit themselves to measuring the old frame, when they need to get to the wall itself. In addition, in the process of taking dimensions, possible distortions of window openings are identified and the optimal type of fastening elements is determined. All these facts speak in favor of the fact that it is better to entrust the measurements to competent professionals.
Important! Today, the vast majority do not charge a measurement fee if the client orders windows. So a serious customer saves absolutely nothing by independently determining the dimensions of the openings, and the procedure of measuring on their own loses all meaning.
Algorithm for measuring a rectangular window opening
Information about the sequence of measurements is needed even if this procedure is entrusted to specialists. This knowledge will help not only to effectively monitor the actions of a specialist, but also to identify the degree of his competence. Experienced workers, when measuring the opening for a window, usually perform the following list of actions:
To ensure successful window installation in the future, the opening must be checked for distortion. If the height of the opening (right, left and middle) and its width (bottom, center and top) have a slight difference, and the size of the diagonals does not have significant differences, then everything is in order. If there is a serious discrepancy in size, you need to use a plumb line, level and tape measure to “fit” the correct rectangle into the curved opening.
Measuring the opening at quarter-and-a-quarter windows
Quarter openings differ from ordinary ones in that they have an internal projection of bricks along their entire perimeter. The size of this “influx” is a quarter of the length of the brick. In fact, the algorithm for measuring such windows is no different from taking dimensions from ordinary openings, only in this case it is necessary to take into account the fact that the frame profile on the right and left should extend 20-40 mm beyond the side protrusions, and the overlap at the top should be 15-20 mm. During installation, wooden blocks are used at the bottom of the frame, thanks to which the installation of the ebb is possible. The height of these auxiliary elements varies between 10-30 mm.The recommended algorithm for measuring windows is relevant only for simple rectangular structures. Other techniques have been developed to measure windows with more complex geometries.
Consequences of incorrectly measuring window openings
There are only two possible consequences of incorrect sizing - the window turns out to be either larger or smaller than the opening. You can add a third one - the frame enters “with a creak”, which is also very bad. Indeed, in this case, even a slight subsidence of the foundation is guaranteed to provoke deformation of the profile structure, as a result of which the following troubles can be expected:- depressurization of the window in the sash area or along the perimeter of the frame;
- the appearance of cracks on double-glazed windows - this situation is typical for severe distortions;
- incorrect opening of the sashes that cling to the frame.
- in winter, the window may begin to freeze;
- may appear along the perimeter of the frame, double-glazed windows and on slopes;
- there is a high probability of cracks appearing around the window, which ultimately leads to depressurization.
Sometimes, if the dimensions of the opening are smaller than the dimensions of the window, there may be a proposal to cut down the walls. Under no circumstances should you agree to this, since this is a violation of load-bearing structures with all the ensuing consequences. Moreover, even with successful expansion of the opening without creating emergency situations, there is no guarantee of normal operation of the window. Usually in such cases the frame fits flush, and the risks associated with this situation have just been listed.
To measure a window correctly, it should be noted that the size of the window depends on the opening and size of the window. Panel houses have standard openings, but in brick houses the openings can vary by several centimeters or even non-standard (arbitrary). In the case of brick houses on windows, measurements must be especially careful.
You can measure the window yourself without using a Windows installation company.
Knowing the size of a wooden window will make it easier to calculate the approximate cost of the finished product. Of course, it is easier to size windows if the house has just been built and the window openings are empty, but with holes in which old windows are not very difficult, but also possible.
Take the dimensions of windows in a wooden house (new)
In a wooden house there are no blocks (protrusions on three sides of the opening to which the window is brought).
You can choose where the wooden window will be placed on the wall. It is most often mounted towed by an external wall.
Video: how to measure a window correctly
As with this option, it will be easier to make external window treatments, for example.
You don't need outside slopes - you can just make a clipper. We proceed directly to taking dimensions and initially measure the window aperture in width.
To do this, we measure the hole from the top and bottom. If the sizes do not match, take the one that is smaller and 50mm away from it (the seam under the foam is 25mm on each side).
We know the width of the window, then measure the height. We remove the size in the same way, take the smaller one and subtract 50 mm from it.
How to take a Windows measurement
There is one shade - the presence and thickness of windows.
Standard milling below the bottom panel threshold of 30 mm. If the window shelf is equal to or slightly smaller, that's ok. If the threshold is thicker, the difference between the thickness of the window shelf and the cutter should be taken from the height of the window.
If a wooden house has a rough frame, the hole under the window is measured inside the box.
The width of the outer casing should be determined taking into account the rough frame. The standard box size is - 5cm, to add the width of the grip body to the wall and on the box 2cm (both sides 4cm), add 5cm (frame) plus 25mm (under the foam seal). We get the result - the width of the casing is 11.5 cm.
How to measure a window in a home board (residential)
The panel house has old windows, which makes it difficult to remove dimensions.
Dismantling of old windows is not possible, since the production of new wooden windows can take one month. Panel houses have quarter-pane window openings - three sides are covered (two on the sides and one on the top).
We need to determine the width of the window opening from the outside (from quarter to next).
To do this, through an open window (be very careful!) A tape measure measures the distance between blocks. Then measure the hole in the space, from one slope to the other.
From the inner hole we take from the outside, so we get the depth of the quarter. For example, the outer width is 1380 mm, and the inner width is 1500 mm.
The resulting difference of 120 mm is divided into two parts, and the result is 60 mm - the width of the quarter. Now you can measure the width of the window.
Adding 30 mm to the external dimension on each side - 1380 + 30 + 30 = 1440 mm, that is, the width of the window.
The height of the window is measured in this way: the lower part should be at the level of the outer tide and 30 mm added to the upper quarter. For example, the height from the top quarter to the blanket is 1400mm and then adding 30mm gives the window height 1430mm. For this reason, the window size you want to order is 1440 x 1430 mm.
How to remove window sizes in a brick house
In built houses, or as they are called "Stalinist", the quarter can be very deep. 10 cm. Modern windows cannot be added more than 3 cm to the fourth, otherwise the window frame will be hidden and the external walls will fall directly onto the glass.
The thickness of the window frame and shutter (in the closed position) is 110 mm.
Also, according to GOST, the seam seal should not exceed 40 mm. The easiest way out of this situation is to order a wooden window with an increased frame width.
This is very possible when adding a window frame frame adds an extra beam of any width and color along with the window.
The mounting seam replaces the additional beam.
Now you can measure the window, but remember that there are many nuances in this case, since each window is individual.
So it is better to contact a company to install the windows, but then you can be sure that everything is done correctly.
Video: Measuring and installing MONTBLANC PVC windows
Stand profile
Stand profile (basic profile)- a plastic stand on which the window is installed and into which the window sill snaps into place.
How to measure a window opening for installing a plastic window?
As a rule, the stand profile is supplied with the window. On the inside of the stand profile there is a latch for the window sill. The classic stand profile has a height of 30 mm. When installed, the stand profile is not visible to the eye and is hidden by the window and sill.
On full-fledged window systems, the stand profile is made of white plastic, and on budget window systems, the composition of the plastic can be secondary, i.e.
The stand can be made from used and recycled plastic. The use of recycled plastic in this case does not affect anything.
Do you order windows without measurements? Be sure to understand the need for a stand holder
If you plan to measure windows yourself, then it is extremely important to understand what a window stand is.
Windows are always manufactured to the dimensions provided, which does not include the frame profile. In other words, if you provided the size of a window with a height of 1000 mm, then together with the stand profile its height in the opening will become 1030 mm.
Forgetting such an important window element is the most common mistake made by novice measurers.
Please note that if there is no support profile in the window, then problems with fastening the window sill and drainage appear. The window sill ends up simply leaning against the frame, and not recessed under it.
If you press on such a window sill, it will be torn out of place, and with it the slopes. The problem with installing a drainage system is that in the absence of a support profile, the frame is recessed by a quarter, and there is nowhere to attach it.
In addition, in the absence of a support profile, there is no space for attaching mosquito nets, and the tightness of the mounting seam at the bottom of the opening is also significantly deteriorated.
If you order windows according to your size, be sure to figure out whether you need a stand profile.
Before starting an excursion about preparing windows for installation, how to correctly measure openings and ultimately install these same windows, I would like to say that there is a standard for plastic windows. This standard contains section D (recommendatory), which provides the procedure for installing plastic windows.
You can get acquainted with this section in more detail by studying GOST 30674-99 - in fact, a document regulating the production and installation of plastic windows.
Unfortunately, this document does not contain step-by-step instructions from start to finish on how to install windows in accordance with GOST, but only the end result. Our article was created to tell you step by step how to install a plastic window and the possible features when installing it.
The time of year favorable for installing a plastic window
You have already guessed what will be discussed in this paragraph.
No, we don’t want to say that construction stops in winter and everyone is waiting for warmer weather. But, it is during the warm period that you can comfortably install a window, restore slopes using wet work (use of cement mortars), polyurethane foam has the highest yield, and so on.
Of course, it is better to install windows in the warm season. And let’s say more, according to the technology, it is generally impossible to install plastic windows in cold weather! (below -10 degrees Celsius).
As a result, incorrect installation can affect the quality of work, and therefore the quality of window performance. In this case, it makes sense to wait for a warm period in order to install the windows as expected and not have to suffer later with distortions, cracks, and adjustments.
Measuring openings for installing a plastic window
To measure you will need a tape measure.
Correct measurement is the first step to successful installation of PVC windows. If the measurement is made in a panel house, then everything is simple here; the measurement is made from the lines of intersection of the slope planes and the walls.
Measuring the opening for the plastic obutton for panel houses.
The peculiarity of the openings of panel houses is the L-shaped section that holds the window in the wall.
When taking measurements in panel houses, it is necessary to pay special attention to the size of the opening on the apartment side. Inside, we measure the distance between the side slopes at the top and bottom, as well as the height from the window sill to the upper slope on the right and left.
The window sill must have a width = wall thickness - window profile width (60mm) - distance from the outer wall to the L-shaped step in the wall + protrusion (5-100mm).
Measuring the opening for a plastic window in a brick house
When measuring for the installation of windows in a brick house, it is important to determine the boundary of the load-bearing wall, that is, the beginning of the brickwork.
Here, the plaster on the slopes can be of considerable thickness, it is for this thickness that an adjustment should be made, about 1-2 cm plus the size. Inside, we measure the distance between the side slopes at the top and bottom, as well as the height from the window sill to the upper slope on the right and left.
From the outside, we measure the width of the opening from wall to wall from top and bottom, as well as the height from low tide to the top of the opening on the left and right. Measurements from the outside and inside are necessary to determine the possible angle of non-prependicular slope of the window relative to the wall.
The window sill should have a width = wall thickness - 50 mm.
50 mm is left for finishing the external slopes.
Measuring the opening for a plastic window in a wooden house
In a wooden house, the window opening has parallel slopes and is actually measured in the same way as for a brick house. It is also worth noting that when old wooden windows are replaced with new ones, the openings in secondary wooden housing are often widened, since plastic windows are “warmer”.
How to measure a window yourself
In this case, when installing the window, you will need a gas or electric saw to change the geometry of the opening.
The window sill should have a width = the thickness of the wall.
Dimensions of the window and its components after taking measurements
In most cases, after comparing measurements from top and bottom, from right and left, there is a discrepancy in the results.
This is due to the skew of the existing opening, especially in panel houses. To calculate the window size, a regular rectangle with identical opposite sides equal to the smaller value of the measured opening from the outside is used; a smaller size will ensure that the window can pass through the opening without destroying the strength elements of the wall.
As a result, taking into account the existing factors, plaster, old frames, etc. it is necessary to strive for the following indicators:
- the width of the window should be 30-40 mm less than the width of the opening relative to the “power” slopes;
— the height of the window should provide a gap between the lower slope and the window equal to the thickness of the window sill (a standard plastic window sill has a width of 20 mm) + a gap for installing a base bar (30-40 mm) + a guaranteed gap as for the width (30 mm).
Total about 80-90 mm.
After these measurements, you can order the window, window sill and fasteners. On average, the production and delivery of a plastic window takes 8-10 days, in large cities - 3-4 days.
Preparations for installation (installation) of plastic windows
remove everything from the windowsill, remove the curtains, clear the approach to the window, provide access to the electrical network, prepare garbage bags, cover the floor and furniture with cloth or thick oilcloth.
Removing old windows
After you have received your window, you can begin dismantling the old window and installing a new window.
It is very difficult to dismantle the old structure without destroying the frame, since it is a labor-intensive and therefore time-consuming process. Most often, after dismantling, only the sashes remain intact. I remove them from the hinges first. They saw the old frame in the middle and knock it out of the opening.
Preparing a place for a new window. We remove the sashes, dismantle the frame, old ebb and window sill.
Clean the opening from debris, old insulation, and large protrusions of wall slopes that stand out and affect the parallelism of the walls. If, on the contrary, deep depressions and peelings are found in a brick and panel house, it would be better to first restore the wall and only then continue installing the window. You don’t have to wait for the cement to completely harden, but initially ensure that it at least fills the depressions.
Installation (installation) of a plastic window
Compliance with technology is the key to proper window installation.
Based on the conditions for using professional polyurethane foam, the air temperature should be from - 10 to + 30°C; the ideal conditions for using foam are considered to be a temperature of +20°C and a humidity of 60 to 80%. Depending on the size of the window, we calculate the volume of foam. The weight of one cylinder should be 850-920g. with a foaming agent content of 750 ml. Manufacturers promise foam yield in the range of 45 - 50 liters, but it is necessary to take into account the filled volumes.
Given the condition of heterogeneity and a large number of irregularities, you can count on filling 15-20 liters with one cylinder.
At the same time, you will need a foam gun, PSUL tape (along the outer perimeter of the window), vapor barrier tape (along the inner perimeter of the mounting seam). Also: level, plumb line, hammer drill, drill and nails corresponding to the size of the dowel (more often used, 8x60)
The sashes are removed from the plastic window and the glass units are removed. For more information on how to remove double-glazed windows, see the article “Replacing double-glazed windows in plastic windows.” Do not forget to mark all the beads of the glass unit being removed so that in the future you can put them exactly in the same place.
During the production process, glazing beads are determined in place with a special ruler and a slight discrepancy (1-2mm) will be noticeable at the junction of horizontal and vertical glazing beads.
The protective film is removed from the outside of the window block box and PSUL tape is glued. This is a vapor-permeable sealing tape that looks like foam rubber impregnated with a special composition.
This allows you to protect the polyurethane foam from exposure to the sun and moisture from the street. A vapor barrier tape is glued to the end of the plastic frame to protect the installation seam from the inside of the room from moisture.
Load-bearing blocks are installed in the opening; they will take the main weight of the PVC structure. They are aligned to the level and height of the corresponding installed box. Place the box on the blocks close to the outer opening.
Align the frame with a plumb line with absolute axial symmetry and a thin end (often the quality of the level does not allow you to determine the correct position). Next, using a hammer drill, drill a hole through the profile of the window block frame into the wall to the depth of the existing dowel nail. Most often, 4 holes are made, two on the right and left sides of the box.
It is necessary that the dowel and nail go into the wall through the box before pressing the head against the box. But without fanaticism, when the head is pressed against the box, it begins to imperceptibly deform under the applied efforts and turns from rectangular to oval.
There is another way to secure the box using locking plates.
They are also installed, two at a time, on the edges and then fixed in the wall. Depending on the type of window system available, appropriate iron plates are purchased.
After this, the box stands on its own on the blocks and corresponds to the set level.
Please note that the condensate outlet holes should go to the drain and not to the window opening
The gaps between the wall and the frame are filled with foam.
If the volume is large, it is better to foam in several approaches. This will depend on the density of the foam application, taking into account its drying. Pay attention to the outer part of the window; if the PSUL tape somewhere does not adhere to the wall or is simply loose, such a place must be covered with sealants.
There should be no empty opening or gap between the window frame and the wall from the outside. We wait for it to dry.
The window sill is cut to fit the corresponding opening in width and length.
The window sill protrudes into the room by 5-10 cm, and to the sides of the window opening by 5 cm on each side. 
...and is attached to special grooves on the box,
with a slight slope from the window, but strictly horizontal in level.
When choosing the width (depth) of the window sill, it should be taken into account that the window sill is “recessed” under the window frame by 2 cm, so the width of the installed window sill will be 2 cm less) 
The ebb is screwed to the box using self-tapping screws, previously cut to fit the opening. 
We begin to install sashes and double-glazed windows, taking into account that the first glazing bead is attached from the top, in order to prevent the double-glazed window from falling.
We clean up the workplace and prepare for the next step, installing the slopes.
If you need to install a plastic window in a wooden house, then you can see the features and examples of installing windows in a log house in the article “Installing plastic windows in a wooden house made of logs or timber.”
Among the many positive aspects of plastic windows is not only their properties, but also the relatively simple method of their installation. Such window systems do not require precise framing down to the millimeter, while modern materials provide almost complete sealing.
But do not think that installing a plastic window with your own hands is a very simple matter.
In this regard, it is necessary to take into account many tank points, and ignoring them will affect the further operation of the double-glazed window. Placing plastic guest windows when ordering from a company will be more expensive, but you can do everything without the help of experts. What points should be taken into account when installing a plastic window?
Installation of PVC windows is carried out in several stages:
- Product measurements and ordering.
- Dismantling.
- Preparing holes.
- Installation.
- Final design of holes.
All points are interconnected, errors at one of the levels are unacceptable in order to avoid problems with the continuation of the glass unit.
measurements
When replacing multiple windows, each hole is measured individually.
Don't miss that they are the same and standard.
Typically the hole is measured in height and width, with gaps removed from the results. On the right and left, in accordance with the accepted standard, the distance should be 20 millimeters, at the top 20 and at the bottom, and 35 mm when setting the threshold (total 50 mm).
But this is for normal window opening; there is also an option for a window with a quarter.
This is when a brick or concrete street is located around the perimeter of the window.
The width of these holes is measured from the edges of the block and added up to 30 millimeters, the height is measured as usual, without any pictures.
It is also necessary to measure the depth and width of the periphery and thresholds.
Window shelves should be slightly wider (50mm on both sides).
Therefore the following results should be obtained:
- Opening parameters (height and width).
- Depth and width of window shelf.
- The same parameters for tidal ones.
Package Contents
When installing window systems, you need to determine the hardware.
Window hardware required. But there should be several contours on the window shelves, as well as a fastening profile and zippers on the glass block. You can also order mosquito nets (to open the windows) or you can order blinds or blinds.
Dismantling
Disassembly should be carried out immediately before installing the double-glazed window. Custom items usually take two weeks to produce, it is very difficult to find pre-made ones in the size you need.
First remove the curtains, so you need to remove the old layer, disconnect or remove the hinges.
The frame is then removed from the hole.
In older private homes, you may need to leave the frame if it is in excellent condition. This is especially true for buildings made from adobe bricks.
If you are not going to use the old design, then remove the glass or door, you can easily sift through the frame and clean up the pieces.
If pvc windows are removed, disassembly should be carried out in accordance with the following algorithm:
- Remove the window from the window.
When the window does not open, you can take a glass so that the plastic balls are separated with a chisel and the glass is removed.
- Remove old polyurethane foam using a convenient tool.
- The windows and tides have been dismantled.
- The anchor plates are cut off or the mounting screws are loose depending on the installation method.
- The frame is removed from the hole.
installation
To install metal windows, you will need a list of equipment.
- Drill and screwdriver.
- Spacers (you can use wood pieces of the same size).
- Construction class.
- Seals in the form of foam and a gun (without a gun it is more difficult to make any gaps).
- Sealing mass.
- Fasteners (anchor plates, screws, dowels).
Installation materials are selected in accordance with the process method.
Installing PVC windows with your own hands begins after the preparatory phase that you need:
- Clean away dust and residue.
- All fragile parts of the hole to be restored.
After installation, the installation of pvc windows is carried out directly.
But only after some manipulations with window systems. Rules for installing plastic windows with minor differences are taken into account in accordance with the following principle.
- You need to remove the door from the windows.
To do this, attach the top pin to the insert and carefully pull out the frame using the glass block.
- When installing, blind systems can be left with glass, but if installation is planned through a frame, the glass must be removed. To disassemble the double glazing unit, the small balls are bent with a chisel and carefully removed from the gutters with a knife. After this, the glass is removed from the frame.
Use two types of attachments: on anchor plates or through the frame.
This may require dismantling and assembling plastic windows.
Method 1: Attaching to anchor plates
This installation method is the most common and most suitable as it does not affect the integrity of the window system.
Installation of plastic windows on plates is carried out as follows:
Depending on the height on each side, screws must be secured from two or more plates.
To do this, holes are drilled along the edges into which fasteners will be attached.
Now you need to install double glazed plastic windows.
In this case, the lower part is mounted on a carrier with sufficient space to install the threshold and boss. The level of the structure is checked with a position in two planes.
Make holes for dowels on the left and right under the plates and firmly attach the panels to the slopes.
Check the glass level again.
If double glazing opens, install the wing and close it.
Using pre-assembled foam, all gaps are sealed.
From street carriers.
There is a special groove in the frame. The reflux profile cannot be determined directly except in extreme cases or in quarter openings. Do not block drainage holes. Coastal seams with slopes are sealed.
The previously applied layer of cover foam is attached to the inside of the window on the slope.
The structure itself is located under the frame in a special groove. Place a load of 1-2 kg for the dash on the threshold.
Once the foam has dried, the hole is ready to decorate the slopes.
Method 2: assembly through the frame
This method is used if it is not possible to attach anchor plates (for example, the thickness of the walls and holes is small). Install plastic windows through the frame, you can see this order.
- Remove the skirt or glass from the frame.
- Depending on the height, several holes for fasteners are drilled from the inside in the middle of the frame.
- The pins, which are inserted into the holes in the frame, are inserted into the slots.
- The frame is mounted on brackets and screws are attached through the structure directly to the slopes.
- Using a level, the position is constantly checked.
- All slots are closed.
- Installing the window shelf and tin works according to the same requirements as the previous installation method.
What nuances are worth considering?
Instructions for installing vinyl windows may vary, but when you install them yourself, you need to consider some small details about how the technology of installing vinyl windows is carried out.
- Installing plastic windows in a carbonated concrete house has one important point: fasteners.
How to measure windows correctly
To fully support the structure, special crocodile cages will be required; standard plastic is not suitable, as it will not provide sufficient fastening.
- If the level is interrupted after interruption, then by connecting the plug you can bend the panels slightly, placing the structure in the desired position.
- Blind systems cannot be installed outdoors.
Otherwise, you can simply remove them and remove the glass to gain entry into the house.
- If you do not select the appropriate level, the windows will not close properly.
- Once the foam has dried, slopes must be started immediately, otherwise the material will break and gaps will be visible.
- Installing eurowindow involves the use of fasteners; installing the foam itself will not ensure proper fastening of the window structure.
- The space under the window shelf is foamy for good thermal insulation.
- To finish the slopes, you can continue at the end of the day, during which time the foam dries and fills all the gaps.
- Fittings are installed at the end of the installation, plastic windows are positioned as desired (winter/summer).
The setting is located inside the window (swivel bracket).
Taking such points into account, you will be able to prolong the operation of the systems, and window repairs will not be needed for a long time.
Very often, customers turn to our company with a request to make products for them according to “their sizes.” As a rule, in most cases this leads to the fact that the customer, due to his inexperience, is forced to either adjust the dimensions of the window opening to these “own dimensions” or order new designs. Yes, no one is immune from mistakes, but they can be avoided. There is nothing wrong with the fact that the Customer wants to install his own windows, because, as they say: “Every man must build a house, ... etc.” Using our recommendations, every man will be able to independently take measurements from his window and door openings, and then later install new modern ones.
Let's look at taking measurements using the example of a regular rectangular opening and an opening of a complex shape (arch, trapezoid, triangle)
1. How to take the dimensions of a rectangular window (Fig. 1).
1. We measure width of the finished opening, Lpr. (opening width, mm)
2. Calculate overall window width, L (window width, cm), L = Lpr - 2*q
3. We measure finished opening height, Eg. (opening height, mm)
4. Calculate overall window height, N (window height), N = Npr - 2*q.
q is the size of the installation gap; usually q = 20-30 mm (for more details, see GOST 30971-02, clause 5.6.3.). You should not unnecessarily reduce or increase the width of the mounting seam; the first will lead to the fact that the mounting foam, when expanding, can stain the surface of the box, and second, that the mounting foam, due to having a certain expansion coefficient, will not stay in the mounting seam.
Common mistakes!
When measuring plastic windows, it should be taken into account that in almost 100 cases out of 100 a stand profile is attached to the bottom of the window frame. Its working height should be taken into account when calculating the height of the window. The formula for calculating the height in this case will look like
N = Npr - q.
There are no perfect rectangular openings. Control measurements are required.
Quick check. It is necessary to measure the existing width and height of the opening at three control points, along the edges and in the center, and select a smaller value. We want our new window to fit!
The check is detailed, additional tools will be required - a level and a plumb line. With their help, the position and dimensions of an ideal rectangle are determined (Fig. 2), which can be fit into the existing opening. The dimensions of the resulting virtual rectangle are taken as the dimensions of the opening (Fig. 3).
5. We measure wall thickness, G (wall thickness)
6. Define plastic window position according to the picture (Fig. 5).
It is recommended to place the window plane at a distance of no more than 2/3 of the wall thickness from the inner surface of the wall. It should be taken into account that shifting the window towards the street worsens the thermal insulation characteristics, but improves sound insulation; shifting towards the room, on the contrary, improves the thermal insulation properties, but worsens the noise resistance.
7. We measure outer tide length, Ln.o. (length of external drip) for drip without end caps Ln.o. = Lpr + 50 mm (allowance for end bends)
for low tide with end caps Ln.o. = Lpr – 20 mm
Typical error. The width of the opening according to the thickness of the wall can be different. Be careful when measuring.
8. We measure outer ebb width, Nn.o. (width of external ebb). Nn.o. = Gext. + (30 mm-40 mm).
Typical error. In the case of measuring the ebb, it is better to make it exactly according to your dimensions, without “reserve”. An excessively protruding spout will spoil the appearance of the facade, and one made flush with the wall will lead to the formation of smudges on the wall.
9. We measure window sill length, Lpod. (window sill length) (see Fig. 6).
Length of window sill board Lunder. must be greater than the opening width Lpr. by the total value of the left and right approaches to the wall. A typical mistake is to match the length of the window sill and the width of the window. You should always remember that the installation of a window is followed by its subsequent finishing, which consists of installing plastic slopes. The corners or trims included in the installation kit of the slopes must be adjacent to the window sill board in the lower plane.
10. We measure window sill width, Npod. (window sill width) (see Fig. 6).
To Ginternal we add the “overhang” and subtract the thickness of the plastic window frame; for REHAU profiles this can be 60, 70 and 86 mm. It should be remembered that the window sill board is mounted directly to the stand profile, and it is not located in the same plane as the box profile. It should also be taken into account that the thickness of the walls to the left and right of the window opening may be different. In this case, you should either take into account the future plastering of the walls, or take a certain average value as the width of the window sill board.
Practical advice. A window sill board with a long extension can prevent the hot air flow from the heating radiator from reaching the window surface. You should adhere to the rule that the window sill board should cover no more than 1/3 of the radiator (Fig. 8).
If the heating radiators are recessed into the wall and the window sill board covers them completely, special ventilation grilles should be inserted into the front side of the window sill.
11. We measure length of internal slopes(plastic), Ltk. (slope length)
The length of the slope panels is calculated not based on the size of the windows, but on the size of the window opening. The length of the horizontal panel of the slope is taken to be the maximum width of the window opening Lpr max+ 30 mm (allowance for adjustment), and the length of the vertical panels is the maximum height of the opening Hpr. Max-20 mm (less due to the thickness of the window sill).
12. We measure width of internal slopes(plastic), Notk. (slope width) (Fig. 10).
The width of the plastic slope panels cannot be measured accurately when measuring. The required value is taken to be a conventional value with an allowance of 30-40 mm equal to the distance from the outer edge of the wall to the imaginary plane of the frame of the new design.
Expert advice.
Before measuring plastic windows, you should mentally imagine what work will be done on the exterior and interior decoration of the room where plastic windows are to be installed. External siding, plastering work, insulation - all this affects the width of window sill boards, external ebbs and plastic slopes.
When measuring balcony and entrance doors, the level of the finished floor should be taken into account. Concrete screed, laying floorboards, laminate, etc. may cause a banal coincidence of the floor level and the lower edge of the door leaf, the door simply will not open. For different REHAU profiles, the distance from the edge of the sash to the edge of the frame can be different; if for almost the entire line of REHAU profiles this distance is 38 mm, then for the REHAU Delight-design profile it is already 31 mm.
2. How to take measurements of triangular, round, arched, etc. windows
1. Trapezoids, triangles.
For plastic windows in the shape of trapezoids, triangles, with angles not equal to 90?, the previously given calculation L = Lpr - 2*q and H = Npr - 2*q (see Fig. 14) is not used.
To perfectly take the dimensions of the product, you should draw the existing opening to scale, make an indent along the edges by the size of the installation seam of 25-30 mm, and draw imaginary lines.
2. Arched windows(correct arch).
Determine the position of the “heel” of the arch (“by eye”, or sequentially measuring the width of the opening as the height increases), make a mark;
- check the equality Lpr/2 = Npr max - Npr min;
- if the equality is true, then assign the overall dimensions of the arched product:
L = Lpr - 2*q;
Nmax = Npr max - 2*q;
Nmin = Npr min – q (lower);
- if the equality is not true, then check the position of the “heel” of the arch and repeat the check. Don't forget about the curvature of the openings
3. Arched windows (irregular arch).
- determine the position of the “heel” of the arch, sequentially measuring the width of the opening as the height increases, make a mark;
- measure Npr min, Npr max, Lpr;
- determine the overall dimensions of the arched product graphically (assigning overall dimensions using formulas for a full arch is not recommended due to some displacement of the “heel” of the arch of the product relative to the “heel” of the opening arch, see Fig. 18).
- for reference: for an incomplete arch, the radius is determined by the formula
4. Pattern openings - at least one of the sides is a combination of radii or straight lines and radii (Fig. 19).
It is possible to measure the dimensions of this type of opening only by making a template. The material can be thick cardboard, thick foil, plywood sheet.
As an example, consider the method shown in Fig. 19:
- mark an arbitrary line 0-0 on the linear part of the opening;
- stretch a thread with marked divisions along the 0-0 line;
- measure the height of the opening from the thread with a step “a” = 10?15 cm (scale grid);
- determine “by eye” the heel of the arch and the transition points from radius to radius;
- measure L1, L2, h1, h2;
- calculate R1 and R2 (using the formula for the radius of an incomplete arch);
- on the general drawing to scale, depict the scale grid and radius dimensions of the opening;
- if the points of the scale grid and the radius dimensions coincide, determine the dimensions of the template using a graphical method (in case of a discrepancy, clarify the position of the heel and transition points, recalculate the radii, achieve a match);
- make a template, check it in the opening;
- according to the template, taking into account the dimensions of the linear part under the 0-0 line, manufacture the product.