Plant that converts garbage into gasoline. The most profitable business: obtaining fuel from garbage. It's a shame for the state, not the word. We would have approached the issue in a businesslike way, we would have introduced technology, and we would have lived in a green clean paradise, and not the citizens of Serbia, Montenegro

The higher the level of civilization, the more waste. Our ancestors would be very surprised at the amount of various packaging that surrounds us. Unfortunately, all this very quickly becomes garbage, polluting the environment.

However, a truly highly developed civilization is characterized not only by the level of production and consumption, but also by environmentally friendly thinking. After all household waste with appropriate processing, they can become not inferior in calorie content to traditional fuel. In countries where waste recycling technologies are well developed, waste recycling accounts for up to a third of all energy sources for heating. with its cool climate.

Using garbage to generate thermal energy is a fairly understandable process. It is more interesting that solid, liquid and gaseous fuels can be obtained from waste.

solid fuel

Solid fuels obtained from waste are characterized by low cost and high calorific value. The combustion of such fuel causes much less damage to the environment compared to the combustion of traditional heat carriers, and there is practically no waste left. In addition, the processing of waste into solid fuel helps to preserve natural resources - brown and hard coal, oil products, wood.

Therefore, at the advanced recycling enterprises, it is increasingly replacing the incineration of solid waste with the manufacture of solid waste from it. solid fuel. This is more cost effective.

The easiest to process and suitable material for use - paper. Even if you do not subscribe to newspapers, you probably receive a lot of junk mail, there are outdated documents, bills and other waste paper. If you dig up all this paper, you can turn it into a useful product. Cardboard from unnecessary boxes will also come in handy.

1. Well grind raw material. An office shredder is best suited for these purposes - you don’t have to tear the paper with your hands or cut it with scissors.
2. Place the scraps in a bowl and cover with warm water.
3. Remember the paper with your hands to make a slurry. Even better, an industrial or even a regular kitchen blender will cope with this task.
4. Wait 10-12 hours, then strain the paper through a sieve or wring it out with your hands.
5. Pour the mass into the mold and press well to remove any remaining water and form a briquette.
6. Place the mold in a warm place to dry for a few days before removing the briquette.

The resulting briquettes can be used for a picnic fire, for a fireplace or a home stove. They are light, burn much longer than regular paper, and give off a lot of heat.

Ordinary garbage can be converted into synthetic diesel fuel suitable for engines internal combustion. The use of recycled fuel does not harm the environment, since only carbon dioxide is released during its combustion. And the flammability of such fuel is no worse than that of conventional fuel.

Almost most of the objects around us are products of oil refining:

• plastic products;
• polyethylene;
• synthetic fabrics;
• various cosmetics;
• and many other household items.

And this means that all these things, having served their time, can again become oil products.

The most suitable raw material for liquid fuels is plastic. It can be distilled or, saying scientific language, pyrolysis, that is, subjected to heating without access to oxygen. About one liter of fuel is obtained from one kilogram of bottled plastic.

How to make liquid fuel from garbage with your own hands

First of all, you need to take care of safety: there should not be flammable materials around the field for experiments.

1. We take the used tire and cut it into small pieces.
2. Having prepared a refractory container with a lid, we attach a heat-resistant tube to it.
3. We load pre-prepared raw materials into a container.
4. We take the end of the tube into the second vessel. The second vessel should have two tubes:
   - for receiving liquid fuel;
   - for the removal of gases.
5. The third vessel is a condenser. We fill it with water. Its lid should also have two tubes. The end of the first tube should be two centimeters above the bottom.
6. We connect the gas outlet tube with the condenser tube lowered under water.
7. We bring the second tube of the condenser under the first vessel and connect it to the gas burner.
8. Another main burner will heat the first vessel.
9. The pipe coming from the first vessel needs to be cooled. This problem can be solved by placing it in a pipe of a larger diameter through which water will flow.
10. We start the installation for processing garbage into fuel: we light the main burner, we start supplying water to the cooling circuit. As the rubber heats up, it turns into steam. Passing through the pipe, it cools, condenses and flows into the second vessel.
11. In the course of the reaction, together with the oil, we get an accompanying gas. It enters the bottom of the condenser through the outlet tube. From here it goes to our second burner. We set it on fire.
12. After the rubber in the first vessel runs out, turn off the burners and the water supply.

We will not succeed in high-quality gasoline, but it is quite possible to refuel a chainsaw with such fuel or use it for heating.

Liquid fuel can be obtained not only from rubber tires, for this they are suitable:

• old wood and sawdust;
• leaves, straw, weeds;
• nut shells and corn kernels;
• dry manure;
• peat, gas

A plant for processing all kinds of garbage into real gasoline is more complicated, but it is quite possible to make it at home. We need two reactors and a gas generator. The first reactor should have a zinc-copper-aluminum catalyst. Due to this, the gas obtained as a result of heating the garbage will turn into dimethyl ether. The second reactor should contain a zeolite catalyst (aqueous aluminosilicate of sodium, calcium and other metals). This way you can get clean gasoline excellent quality, which can fill any car.

Obtaining fuel from garbage at home is a task that is quite within the power of a prudent owner with technical skills. Instead of spending on disposal and environmental pollution, we get a useful product made by ourselves. In addition to the obvious economic benefits, this process can be very exciting.

Here you will see the production of energy from waste in various areas.

Video: Manure is converted into energy. Italian equipment.

Plant for the production of biogas from manure (from animal waste) in Italy Monerbio.

There are a lot of farms in the north of Italy. Dung here is converted into money.
A farm of 100,000 cows and 50,000 pigs. Manure and silage residues enter thermal tanks, and there they turn into gas and, accordingly, into heat and electricity. Part of the electricity from biofuels is used for domestic needs, and part of the electricity is sold.

About 500 cubic meters of manure is formed per day.

A biogas plant (from farm waste) converts this amount of manure into 24,000 kilowatts of energy. Also, this plant produces fertilizer for fields with a high nitrogen content and solves the problem of waste disposal.

Manure treatment plants are needed for areas with a high amount of farmland and holdings.
Installations allow to receive energy from waste from organic waste. The biogas plant makes a profit from the very first days of operation. The raw materials are: manure, silage residues, slaughterhouse waste. The waste is turned into revenue in the form of combustible gas and high-quality fertilizers.
The installation allows you to save huge amounts of money from waste disposal, plus it can provide heat for heating the premises of a pig farm, cowsheds and other buildings of rural industry.

Biogas is placed in a boiler that burns and therefore heats the installations themselves (meta-tanks) and heats the buildings.
It is also possible to process liquid waste in the form of oil, which gives very high energy.
All equipment is computerized.
You can dispose of flour waste, spoiled pasta and other flour waste.

Video: fuel briquettes from wood waste

One cube of fuel briquettes replaces 5 kg of ordinary firewood.
Production waste from the veneer factory 5,000 cubic meters per month. Previously, everything was burned - but now it is a secondary raw material for fuel briquettes.

The type of wood does not affect the properties of a fuel briquette made from wood waste.

Birch bark, chips and shavings are sent to a crushing machine (by the way, even seed husks are suitable for a fuel briquette). This is then dried and pressed. Humidity of fuel briquettes is up to 4%. One ton of fuel briquettes from woodworking industry waste is equivalent to 5 tons of ordinary firewood. Gives the same amount of heat, but costs less.
Fuel briquettes from wood waste burn longer, as they are free of impurities and moisture. The press pressing briquettes gives pressure in 300 atmospheres. Fuel briquettes have a density 2-3 times higher than ordinary wood, since there are no pores in the briquettes, which are in ordinary wood. The burning time of one briquette made from wood waste is about 5-8 hours.
In the production of such briquettes - chopping trees for firewood becomes meaningless. Consequently, the number of trees is preserved, and hence the purity of the air. We are saving our country's resources.

Tver plant for the processing of all waste into biofuel (report from Pilot TV channel).

The unit processes both household waste and chemical waste. Moreover, without harm to the environment - emissions into the atmosphere do not occur.
Waste treatment plant produces from waste: gas, electricity, liquid fuel, carbon. Almost all waste is processed in one installation.
A pilot plant for heating about 2000 sq m costs about .....
The unit can be put on wheels and be a mobile station for the disposal of waste from unauthorized landfills right at the place of their formation.

Video energy from RTI waste (tyres, tyres). Institute for Electrification of Agriculture. Biofuel laboratory. Moscow.

The crushed rubber goes through the conveyor (conveyor) to the bunker. The pneumatic piston pushes the mass into the pyrolysis chamber. Next comes the combustion process. You must first select their waste iron, glass, stones.
At the output during processing we get: combustible gas, carbon, liquid fuel from which it is possible to obtain both heat and electricity. At this plant, gas with dioxides (harmful substances) is fed back into the diesel engine and harmful substances are burned due to high pressures and temperatures, i.e. decompose into elemental components (nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur). Emissions to the atmosphere do not exceed those of any diesel engine.
From we get liquid fuel. Fuel analysis: 10% fuel oil component, up to 15% gasoline fractions, the rest is good clean diesel fuel.
Recycled product of rubber products: liquid hydrocarbon diesel fuel of high quality.

Video. In Tomsk, gasoline is produced from waste. (Channel five.)

Gasoline squeezer. Any carbon-containing waste is poured into the installation, whether it be: cigarette butts, ashes.
The unit has a built-in shredder. Next comes the oxidation process. Up to 200 liters of fuel per hour are produced. You can get: gasoline, diesel fuel, aviation kerosene. combustible liquid, obtained during the processing of garbage - very combustible. There is no sediment or soot in the resulting fuel.
AIST is an alternative source of synthesized fuel. This unit can be placed in the basement of the building and process waste, and the heat obtained as a result of the oxidation reaction can be sent to heat the building.
Alternative fuel obtained from waste processing at this facility can be used as gasoline for vehicles, but will be several times cheaper. The octane number of the fuel obtained during the processing of fuel waste complies with the Euro-5 standard (extra and super luxury class).

Video: fuel from PET and syringes (Krasnoyarsk) (from waste from medical institutions)

Krasnoyarsk inventors get fuel from waste plastic bottles. The device is made from polygon pipes and an old fire extinguisher. As raw materials are used: polypropylene syringes, PET bottles, plastic bottles. The plastic is heat treated without oxygen access. The temperature is maintained in a sealed flask made from an old fire extinguisher. As a result of hydrolysis, different fractions of fuel are obtained: from gasoline-like to fuel oil. This fluid is suitable for use in internal combustion engines. In the video, a chainsaw was refueled with this waste fuel and it worked. The inventors also make a sorbent for collecting oil products (it looks like ordinary cotton wool and instantly absorbs harmful substances). The cost of gasoline made from recycled plastic is 5 times cheaper than traditional fuel. Fuel of own production, obtained during the processing of waste.

A mini-oil refinery is a fairly profitable business. Not everyone can organize such production with their own hands. But if you put in the maximum effort, everything will definitely work out.

What is this business?

Mini-refineries are a small plant that processes no more than 1 million tons of raw materials per year. This production is quite attractive, because at a relatively low cost (for this industry) you can earn a lot. Depending on the type of equipment and the required capacity, you need to invest from 3 to 30 million dollars.

The process of collecting and preparing oil

mini refinery small size- a completely legal business that can be organized independently or involve partners in this. For the needs of the plant, you can easily organize uninterrupted supplies of oil.

Business Benefits

Mini-refineries have the following advantages:

• maximum optimization of the process, which leads to a reduction in operating and capital costs;
• the small dimensions of the plants for the processing of raw materials facilitate their transportation and reduce the cost of installation;
• simple maintenance of all devices;
• the possibility of adjusting the technological parameters of the plant;
• For efficient production no water, steam or other additional resources are needed;
• there is the possibility of full automation of the entire production process;
• full compliance with regulations fire safety and labor protection.

Necessary equipment

To organize a plant for the production of various fuels, first of all, it is necessary to purchase expensive equipment.

"Chechen" version

This equipment is the cheapest on the market, but it is also considered illegal. Its cost ranges from 25 to 40 thousand dollars. The quality of the resulting product is very low, which is combined with insufficient durability of such devices.

These installations are a distillation cube. During its operation, the next portion of the raw material is poured into the equipment, after which it is heated with an open fire. Pairs of light fractions are removed through a special long pipe. At the same time, the products are cooled to the optimum temperature. In the process of this distillation, first gasoline is obtained, then diesel fuel. The remnants of the processing of raw materials is fuel oil, which is considered unsuitable for further use. It must be disposed of by any accessible method.

Continuous plants

This equipment represents the second generation of units that operate on the principle of oil fractionation. It is able to process about 10-20 thousand tons of raw materials per year. The cost of such equipment is quite high - from 80 to 150 thousand dollars. To reduce the cost, use the following methods:

• these devices are made of cheap steel, the service life of which is 1-2 years;
• the use of water-cooled refrigerators;
• do not use parts that allow automatic maintenance of the refinery.

This equipment consists of cubes in which evaporation and condensation of oil products occur several times. They can be additionally equipped with pumps, refrigeration units. Raw materials are heated using an oil or diesel burner.

Most often, after purchasing equipment of this type, you may encounter many problems:

• lack of pipelines and fittings;
• the presence of low-quality pipes - welded seam;
• the installation package includes plumbing fittings, which are strictly prohibited for such equipment due to its unsafety;
• this equipment is semi-legal. It is unrealistic to fully legalize its use;
• the quality of the resulting gasoline and diesel fuel is low. It does not meet government standards.

Small-tonnage oil refinery equipment

It belongs to the third class of installations that can be used to equip a plant for the production of gasoline and other fuels. Their cost ranges from 400 thousand to several million dollars. With the help of this equipment it is possible to process up to 150 thousand tons of oil per year.

Such installations are completely legal and have all the necessary certificates that confirm the quality of the fuel obtained after distillation. This equipment is equipped with modern distillation columns. It separates the raw material into different fractions, each of which has the necessary performance characteristics. Because everything structural elements such devices are made of alloy steels, their service life is at least 10 years.

Production business plan

Mini-refinery for production different types fuel can result in:

• 15-25% of gasoline from the total volume of raw materials;
• 25-35% diesel fuel;
• 35-55% fuel oil;
• hydrocarbon gas - 3%.

There are also losses in the processing of raw materials. They make up no more than 2% when using efficient equipment.

The oil refinery should be placed on suitable site, whose area is:

• 300 sq. m with a production capacity of 20-30 thousand tons of products per year;
• 600 sq. m with a capacity of 50-65 thousand tons per year;
• 1200 sq. m at a capacity of 100-120 thousand tons per year;
• 2400 sq. m with a capacity of 200-250 thousand tons per year.

In order for the mini-plant for the production of gasoline to be able to function, it is necessary to attract service personnel - no more than 6 people.

To save money when organizing a refinery, you can use improvised containers for transporting, storing gasoline and other combustible materials - metal barrels of various sizes, tank trucks and others. It is also recommended to buy a fuel oil waste disposer, which is a more profitable option than organizing special barns and storage facilities.

An oil refinery pays off in an average of 1-1.5 years, depending on the equipment used and sales volumes.

Video: Oil refining equipment

Solid waste pyrolysis should help earthlings clean up the environment from garbage and reduce the burden on the oil refining industry. This is a production that can give a tangible income to a businessman who has established it, since the raw material is cheap garbage, of which 3.5 billion tons are generated in Russia alone in a year.

Pyrolysis is the decomposition of heavy organic matter to lighter ones when heated and in the absence of oxygen. In Latin, "pir" is fire, and "lizios" - I decompose, the literal translation of the term: "I decompose with fire." The meaning of MSW pyrolysis (see the diagram below) is that the compounds that form garbage are split into substances with a lower molecular weight when heated. As a result of pyrolysis, three main products are formed:

• pyrogas (pyrolysis, pyrolytic gas or synthesis gas) is a mixture of gases capable of burning and non-combustible;
• pyrolysis (pyrolytic) oil and water. Pyrolysis oil has different composition and can subsequently serve as heating oil or raw material for processing;
• picarbonate (solid carbon-containing residue - coal).

In the course of pyrolysis, four processes common to all its types occur: drying of garbage (in drying chamber), its dry distillation (pyrolysis), combustion of solid residues, production of pyrolysis gas, pyrolytic oil and carbonaceous residue.

It can be seen from the scheme that heating of some stages occurs due to the heat generated during pyrolysis.

MSW pyrolysis can proceed in different temperature conditions. At low temperatures, the gas output is less, more pyrolytic oil and pica are formed. With increasing temperature, the equilibrium shifts towards the formation of synthesis gas.

MSW pyrolysis has undeniable advantages over waste disposal by incineration. Firstly, there is no pollution of the environment, and secondly, raw material serve as waste, while it is noteworthy that pyrolysis processes waste that is difficult to dispose of, for example, old tires. Pyrolysis residues do not contain aggressive substances, so they can be stored underground, and such waste is generated in smaller quantities than after incineration. During pyrolysis heavy metals are not restored, but go to ashes. The resulting products are easy to store and transport. The equipment is not massive and it is relatively inexpensive.

Types of pyrolysis

According to the impact of different temperatures on waste, pyrolysis is divided into low-temperature and high-temperature pyrolysis. The first takes place at temperatures up to 900 0 C, and the second - at temperatures above 900 0 C.

Low temperature pyrolysis. The waste treatment technology in this way consists in heating the raw materials in the mine to 350 - 450 0 С without air access, that is, in the absence of both oxygen and nitrogen. The stable temperature and the complete absence of oxygen guarantee that the raw material will not burn, and there will also be no interference with the intensive processes such as heating, melting, evaporation, and decomposition of carbon compounds. At this type pyrolysis, it does not matter what the chemical composition of the processed waste is and in what ratio they contain organic substances. Pyrolysis gas has almost the same composition:

• combustible component: carbon monoxide, methane, ethylene, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen;
• non-combustible component: carbon dioxide and nitrogen.

It is important that the combustible component significantly exceeds the non-combustible content, which means that the pyrolysis gas can be used in the same way as the extracted gas. natural gas. The output of the resulting combustible gas depends on quality composition raw materials: for example, food waste forms a gas saturated with moisture, which cannot be said about plastics.

Schematic diagram of low temperature pyrolysis

high temperature pyrolysis. Technological chain:

1. Waste sorting with the removal of large items, non-ferrous and ferrous scrap metal.
2. Grinding and drying of selected waste.
3. Decomposition of dried raw materials to form pyrolytic gas, pyrolytic oil, slag and by-products such as Cl 2 , F 2 , N 2 .
4. Eliminate contaminants and reduce the temperature of the resulting gas.
5. The use of pyrolytic gas to produce steam, electrical or thermal energy. Most often, this gas is used reversibly to initiate pyrolysis.
6. After storage, pyrolytic oil is sent as a raw material to petrochemical plants for the manufacture of fuel - lubricants, substitutes for fuel oil and firewood.

Schematic diagram of high temperature pyrolysis

Pros and cons of MSW pyrolysis

Positive aspects of low-temperature pyrolysis:

• there is no urgent need to sort hydrocarbon residues (even completely unsorted waste yields twice as much pyrolysis gas compared to food waste alone);
• city ​​dumps act as a source of raw materials for production;
• absence of toxic oxides of sulfur and nitrogen.

Disadvantages of low temperature pyrolysis:

• complex design of large-sized furnaces;
• high cost of furnaces;
• the need for a large number of workers;
• there is no complete breakdown of dioxins contained in raw materials;
• heavy metals do not melt, but precipitate along with the slag.

Advantages of high temperature pyrolysis:

• it is possible to process raw materials with a small amount of combustible materials;
• the resulting gas rises from the bottom up and passes through a layer of debris, which is supplied from above. At the same time, the gas does not capture dust particles, which serves as a guarantee of its purity;
• pyrolysis gas is similar to natural gas, and it is advisable to use it to generate thermal energy, and in small power plants to generate electricity;
• pyrolysis gas is easier to clean from unnecessary impurities (if any) due to the low temperature;
• since the process takes place in the absence of oxygen, the pyrolysis gas does not contain dangerous dioxins formed during the combustion of hydrocarbons;
• if during pyrolysis a liquid fraction is obtained (for example, pyrolysis oil is formed from old tires, which is not quite accurately called synthetic oil), then it is used as a substitute for petroleum products;
• ash does not contain unoxidized carbon and has low temperature, which allows it to be used, for example, in road construction.

What waste can be processed using pyrolysis

Note! MSW - municipal solid waste - various substances that cannot be reused without treatment in household activities person.

MSW is a mixture of substances of organic and inorganic origin with different properties. In Russia, waste is not sorted. However, abroad, and even in our country, there is a tendency to reduce the share of food waste in garbage and increase the share of packaging materials: plastic, cardboard, paper. Studies have shown that approximately 30 percent by weight and 50 percent by volume of MSW is packaging material. And 13 percent by weight and 30 percent by volume of the packaging material is accounted for by plastic products, the vast majority of plastic tableware. The organic component of waste is divided into:

• compostable (kitchen waste, sawdust, tree bark and branches, wood chips, old newspapers, cardboard);
• non-compostable (plastics, rubber, leather, discarded old tires, cables, viscous pasty waste such as engine oil, oil sludge, soil contaminated with fuels and lubricants).

Pyrolysis is subjected to compostable and non-compostable components of the waste.

Pyrolysis Equipment for Waste Recycling

Modern equipment can work using raw materials obtained from almost any type of organic waste using own energy. An obligatory component of the system of devices for pyrolysis is the reactor.

Interesting! Initially, the first pyrolysis apparatus appeared in Russia in the nineteenth century. In those days, kerosene was pyrolyzed to make gas and gasoline from it, which were used for lighting.

Processing of raw materials is carried out in the reactor zones (diagram below):

• at the top, the temperature is maintained at the level of 100 - 200 0 С and here the raw material dries up (stage No. 1);
• in the middle, at a temperature of 1000 - 1200 0 С, thermal decomposition of the organic mass and its coking occurs, while part of the carbon burns out with the release of heat, maintaining the desired temperature (stage No. 2);
• below, the solid residue is cooled to a temperature of 100 0 C, the carbon residues burn out and turn into ash - picarbon, carbon (stage No. 3);
• disposal of pyrolysis products for storage and reuse (stage No. 4).

The industry is currently offering the following types equipment for MSW pyrolysis:

If we simplify the industrial mechanisms of pyrolysis, use non-volumetric devices, then we can create small installation for pyrolysis, used for personal purposes by ordinary people. In everyday life, with the help of this installation, it is possible to obtain thermal energy, and in industry - in-demand chemical products.

Video about the operation of the pyrolysis plant, located in Tatarstan, about the technology of the process, about the advantages of this method of disposal of municipal solid waste:

pyrolysis plant

As an example of a pyrolysis plant, let's consider the technology of processing solid waste at the mini-plant SHAH "CONSUM - MSW". The production technology at this plant is built using separate modules:

• for sorting, crushing and composting MSW. production site measures 50m long, 30m wide and 12m high;
• drying compost;
• formation of synthetic pyrolysis oil;
• obtaining distillates from pyrolysis oil;
• purification of distillates to Euro-4 purity level.

The modular scheme of the plant operation makes it possible to adapt to completely different types of solid waste.

Garbage at the plant before processing undergoes radiation control, large pieces of garbage are crushed (the size of crushed particles should not exceed 250 mm in diameter) and composted. The compost contains up to 60 - 65% water, so it enters the low-temperature pyrolysis plant to remove moisture. Further, this material is sent to a high-speed pyrolysis unit, where it is mixed with MSW ash, which is formed here and has a high temperature of about 800 - 850 0 C. The mixture enters the reactor, which rotates slowly. In this reactor, the mixture without oxygen is heated to a temperature of 460 - 490 0 C.

Thermal decomposition of heavy organic molecules occurs with the formation of light hydrocarbons, which are then condensed, and with the release of non-condensable gases (hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide and others), a solid carbonaceous residue and ash are also formed.

Under the conditions of this technology, a very fast, almost instantaneous heating of compost devoid of moisture occurs, which is ensured by a highly efficient energy supply.

The advantage of the system is the reduction of thermal energy losses, since it is not dissipated into the surrounding space. In order to start the reactor, you need ordinary propane, and it takes only 4 hours to warm up.

The mixture of vapors and gases obtained in the reactor enters the next module, where hydrocarbon vapors undergo condensation, forming a liquid pyrolysis component. inorganic substances evaporate or go to chemical enterprises for further modification. The uncondensed gas is sent back to the cycle where it is combusted and the heat released is reversibly used in the reactor.

The liquid component of pyrolysis is sent to the warehouse, so that later it can be sold as a feedstock at petrochemical enterprises, as a fuel for cars and locomotives, as a substitute for fuel oil and heating oil in thermal power plants and boiler houses.

The solid residue is fed from the reactor into the air fountain furnace, where it is burned in air flow. The resulting heat is used to heat the ash - the coolant. Hot ash enters the reactor, helping to decompose the organic matter.

Thus, the disposal of MSW by the pyrolysis method is an effective solution for recycling waste, since this way allows you to extract thermal energy and valuable products from waste, without polluting the natural environment.

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How it works?

Garbage passing through the gasifier turns into synthesis gas. Then the gas passes into the first reactor with a copper-zinc-aluminum catalyst and turns into dimethyl ether, and then into the second reactor with a modified ZSM-5 catalyst, and the output is 92nd gasoline in terms of quality, cleaner than at a gas station (10 kg of garbage = 1 liter 92 -th gasoline).

Fuel types

Not only garbage can be used as a raw material, but also the following waste: firewood, pellets, leaves, seed husks, nut shells, peat, fire, chaff, straw, corn stalks, sunflower stalks, reeds, reeds, weeds, old sleepers, coal coal, brown coal, charcoal, plastic, old tires, dry manure of animals and birds, faeces from city septic tanks, dirty mouse and transformer oils, plastic bottles, medical waste, etc.

Environmental friendliness

After installation, only neutral ash remains, devoid of any poisons. There is no smoke during the operation of the plant - all the smoke turns into synthesis gas, which, after passing through the catalysts, turns into dimethyl ether and then into gasoline. The main difference between the plant and waste incineration plants and enterprises is the high-temperature decomposition of waste. The so-called 2 second rule. The most dangerous poisons - dioxins and furans are not destroyed if they are not heated to a temperature of 1250 degrees and held for 2 seconds. Not all incinerators and waste disposal plants can exceed 900 degrees. As a result, there are huge expenses for the cleaning system of the exhaust gases. The gas generator heats up the garbage and up to high temperatures up to 1600 degrees, as a result of which all the smoke in the gas generator turns into combustible gas - seen in the photo on the right. It is thanks to the property - to burn even the smoke that comes out of the chimney of ordinary installations, that makes the gas generator 30% more efficient than similar utilizers.

My history

It all started in 2013 when I first saw on the Internet a discovery film from the series of eco-inventors - "Auto on the wood." At that moment, I decided at all costs to make a car that runs on wood. At that time, I did not understand anything about the technology of gasification of solid fuels - three years later I wrote my own book on gas generators and shot 4 training video courses and read a training for industrial enterprises. But then everything was in a blur. For a long time and in vain, I searched on the Internet for a person who could make a wood-burning car, there were no specialists. Today, many of my students, having bought video courses and received advice, are remaking old Lada for firewood. In 2013, there was no one to ask. For months I traveled to scientific institutes and called different cities in vain trying to find specialists. There was nothing on the Internet, neither a person nor a ready-made prototype. Only person which I managed to reach turned out to be Grigorich, who had no great experience creation of industrial gas generators. The expression "science in the country is ruined" I felt in my own skin.
I paid for the creation of the first prototype at my own expense.

MOST PROFITABLE BUSINESS: GETTING FUEL FROM GARBAGE.

I gave my car in order to experiment on it. Here is a video of my first ride on this car. At this time, almost all the central television channels came to me and many people wanted to repeat my experience, so Andrei contacted me, who lived in the same city as me and had already made a car on charcoal and offered to meet. I took a video camera with me - here is a video of our first meeting and my test drive of the third model Zhiguli on wood. I've had the idea of ​​making a gas generator hidden in the trunk for a long time. And we agreed with Andrey that I would finance the creation of another prototype on his car but hidden in the trunk.
The most amazing thing is that in almost a month the prototype was made and tested, while I created my first prototype for a whole year. Quick Creation The prototype was made possible by the already accumulated experience of both and the ardent desire to do everything quickly. Put aside all your affairs and deal with only one thing. Here are two videos with the prototype hidden in the trunk: the first and the second. The path to prototyping was not like Hollywood movies when main character to the music in five minutes he assembles a motorcycle or a car. Puzzles had to be solved every day. Daily difficulties led to the fact that I thoroughly studied all the existing literature and not only domestic literature on the topic of gasification, and I have accumulated a solid library. It's funny to say - I even managed to find typos, errors and inaccuracies in serious books published by scientific institutes so often I reread the books and recalculated the formulas again and again.
Now, to design a gas generator, you need to use 150 formulas with hundreds of indicators, and this is not the limit. I began to know the names of scientists and companies that are engaged in gasification, and today I am friends with many and we help each other. The accumulated experience resulted in the book I wrote. I decided to write it for the reason that all existing literature was written by reputable scientists who were not worried about whether ordinary people would understand what is written there and a simple guy, if he wants to assemble a gas generator, will not understand anything. The book was a success and collected good feedback. Then I decided to cross modern technologies with a gas generator in order to improve the device many times over, so the fourth version of the gas generator was born, I bought a Volga car specifically to conduct experiments.
The creation of the prototype was delayed due to the outbreak of war in the south-east of Ukraine. Just at that time, I was asked to help with the creation of an industrial gas generator and I went abroad, where in 5 days I assembled an oka on firewood. The car went into mode 10 seconds after ignition and accelerated beautifully, I really liked how it all turned out. Here is a video of her testing. When I uploaded this video in one day it was watched by 50,000 people and today I have one and a half million views on my YouTube channel. In parallel, while I was making a wood-burning Volga, testing modern electronic developments both on a gas generator and on a car, it was decided to make a gas generator for the house. Which would give gas at a time when the gas was turned off or it is incredibly expensive. In addition, the gas generator could work with a 5 kW gas generator - at a time when the electricity was turned off. Current, heat and electricity from firewood. In this prototype, I tried to implement all the knowledge I have accumulated and make it as cheap as possible,
simple and convenient for mass production industrial enterprise. Slim, cheap and light metal 1.5mm thick from which the entire structure is assembled. Thanks to this, the weight of the device is not large, about 50 kg, even despite its impressive dimensions. One load of fuel is enough for about 10 hours of operation. The total production cost is $100-200. It was decided to create this device for another reason. At the time when I was making wood-burning cars and all the country's TV channels from central to regional actively came to me, my phone was torn and many requests that I heard came from enterprises that wanted to produce my gas generator on their own. The video courses I made were intended for wood-burning cars and they used the most accessible parts. Cylinders, fire extinguishers, etc.
I did this on purpose so that the one who makes the gas generator for his car has no difficulty in finding materials. All materials should be very cheap and available. For enterprises, this option was not suitable, because. The bunker of my models was a 50-liter propane tank. Filters - bu fire extinguishers. Who can find hundreds of cylinders and fire extinguishers a day? It's complicated. For enterprises, clear drawings were needed that were easy to manufacture and weld. In addition, when creating a gas generator, there are hundreds of nuances that you need to know about. Thus was born a training for enterprises in which I teach how to mass-produce gas generators. Here is a video about this device.
Now about the most important thing. All the time while I was creating gas generators, the Fischer-Tropsch technology haunted me. Ability to make gasoline from synthesis gas. In fact, this is the same gas with the same composition that I have, that the scientists of the Nazi Reich. I just have to learn how to make fusion reactors, select correct composition catalysts. In general, you need to become a specialist in catalysis and petrochemistry. All three years this thought was spinning in my head, I did not let it go, and one day I managed to reach a group of scientists from the Academy of Sciences who explained to me that the Fischer-Tropsch technology was yesterday, today there is a more promising technology that is 70% more efficient. This means that the yield of gasoline will be higher and everything will be easier to do. So I got acquainted with the technology of obtaining gasoline from synthesis gas not through methanol, but through dimethyl ether. I saw with my own eyes ready-made small reactors from which the scientists I named already received gasoline at the institute. It is simple, possible and affordable to do than thirty-meter pipes in the case of Fischer Tropsch technology. By the way, here in the photo on the right are ready-made domestic prototypes that gave out gasoline - from 26 liters per hour. You know what's the funniest thing? When I decided to delve into the solution of the problem and began to study the literature, it turned out that the whole reaction consists of three chemical formulas. When I opened it all day I had good mood. Why you may ask. Because it took me years to overcome gasification. the creation of one device involves the calculation of more than 150 formulas, in this case everything is ten times easier. I told myself you are on your way to success. And I decided to start making a prototype, but ran into financial question. Money is needed again, and this time it is dozens of times more than I spent on the creation of gas generators. Then I invested thousands of dollars, now I need to invest several tens of thousands of dollars. That's why I need your help. In order to go all this way, to check, to simplify, to reduce the cost to improve, it will again take time and money, and the more money there is, the faster everything will turn out. I ask for your financial assistance so that I could make a compact reactor no larger than a Lada car, from which gasoline would flow from several liters to several tens of liters per hour. Gasoline is much cleaner than the one sold at gas stations, because. it has no sulfur. Quality 92nd gasoline. You can read about this technology on the internet, it's called gas to liquid or GTL for short. Maybe there are wealthy business owners among you who would be interested in working with me and making large, commercial factories for the production of hundreds of liters of gasoline per hour from garbage or wood waste and other raw materials - I am open to suggestions, my box [email protected] Maybe you would like to produce such mini-factories and want me to teach you this, I think that for those of you who donate more than $ 2000, I am ready to transfer the drawings and conduct training on how to create such a device yourself or make devices at your enterprise. But only after I can create and test it.

For donations

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PayPal: [email protected]
PrivatBank (hryvnia): 5168755511795680
PrivatBank (dollars): 5168757260921848 Transfers: Zolotaya Korona, WesternUnion, UniStream, MoneyGram - in the name of Sergey Lagunov a box for receiving the code [email protected]– if the list does not include a convenient way to donate for you, write to [email protected] and we will solve the problem.

About me: Sergey Lagunov since 2013 I have been converting cars for firewood both for myself and for people, I write books and shoot video courses on gas generators. I own the most complete gasification library. I know by name all Russian and Ukrainian-speaking scientists who, like me, are engaged in the theory and practice of gasification. If you have a rare modern or Western book on gas generators, I am ready to exchange with you for a rare book from my library.

Press about me, as well as my publications and videos:

Worn-out tires are almost not subject to natural decomposition, which means that sooner or later they should be disposed of. Tires cannot simply be burned - such a “disposal” of even one ton of products is fraught with “enrichment” of the atmosphere with centners of soot and toxic gases. In addition, this is simply a waste of resources, because thanks to modern technologies, used tires can be profitably processed, for example, into fuel. Consider the case of opening a company specializing in the processing of tires into fuel oil.

Tire recycling as a business unique look activities, since there is practically no cost for raw materials. Moreover, in many cities, municipal authorities even pay for the disposal of tires. As for the resulting fuel oil, this is a product that is constantly in demand.

Mazut (pyrolysis oil): scope, consumers.

As a result of the tire recycling process, dark oily liquid(30-40% of the total mass of raw materials). This so-called pyrolysis oil, his Chemical properties similar to the characteristics of fuel oil and heating oil. It can be used in industrial furnaces, heat generators, boiler houses. In addition, the pyrolysis liquid is processed to produce higher quality fuel oil, diesel fuel or gasoline.

Potential Buyers

• boiler rooms;
• industrial enterprises;
• owners of private houses.

Equipment

To open this business, you will need the following tire recycling equipment (basic):

Almost all pyrolysis plants present on the domestic market are of Russian or “post-Soviet” origin.

How in St. Petersburg they learned to make diesel fuel from tires

Their cost varies from one million to ten million rubles.

For example, the mini tire processing plant "Consum-Avtotyres-Classic", which not only cuts and processes car tires into pyrolysis oil, but also turns it into diesel and gasoline distillates, will cost from 7,500,000 rubles. This plant capable of processing 15-20 tons of raw materials per day per day.

From the same manufacturer, you can also purchase a conventional installation for the production of pyrolysis fuel SHAH (from 2,000,000 rubles), with a capacity of 5 tons of raw materials per day.

The cost of hydraulic scissors NS-400 capable of cutting both passenger and truck tires is 300,000 rubles.

A fuel storage tank with a capacity of 10,000 liters will cost 220,000 rubles.

Example of production organization

Consider an enterprise that processes tires into fuel (fuel oil) using a SHAH pyrolysis plant with a capacity of 5 tons. According to her technical specifications from one ton of raw materials, up to 400 kg of pyrolysis liquid should be obtained.

To start a business, an investment of 4.6 million rubles will be required:

• Purchase of the SHAH pyrolysis unit - 3,000 thousand rubles.
• Hydraulic shears - 300 thousand rubles.
• A tank with a capacity of 10 thousand liters - 220 thousand rubles.
• Tools, consumables - 280 thousand rubles.
• Delivery, installation, commissioning - 300 thousand rubles.
• Other expenses (coordination, connection to power grids) - 500 thousand rubles.

With an operating mode of 30 shifts per month and 100% equipment loading, the plant produces 60 tons of products.

By its properties, the resulting pyrolysis oil corresponds to heating oil. Average wholesale cost given fuel- 9,500 rubles per ton (price valid as of February 12, 2013).

With this option, the monthly revenue will be 570,000 rubles, the net profitability of the activity is 50%. The return on investment, at 100% load of the line will be 16 months, and at 50% load 32 months.

Viktor Stepanov, 2013-02-22

Processing of garbage (MSW) into fuel

The road of civilization is paved with mountains of rubbish. This is not surprising, because the consumption of the benefits of civilization is constantly growing, and with it the amount of waste is growing. Colorful packaging, disposables, and much more that is made for the general public, invariably turns into scrap.

And, as life experience shows, no matter how much you manage to ram the trash can, you still have to take out the trash. So, there is an urgent need to invent new ways of processing waste.

You will be surprised, but in essence, household waste, which is a mixture of organic substances of various origins, is nothing more than a high-calorie fuel that is not inferior in energy to traditional brown coal. For confirmation of these words, one can turn to the experience of Western European countries, where in last years the problem of solid waste disposal is solved most successfully. So, for example, in Copenhagen (the capital of Denmark), about 30% of the heat for systems district heating are mined thanks to thermal waste disposal!

Considering household waste as a renewable energy source, we take into account, first of all, the economic interest of the population. Given the constant increase in energy tariffs, household waste as a type of alternative fuel become more relevant than ever.

Receiving energy from waste, we simultaneously solve the problem of MSW disposal and get cheap, one might say, practically free thermal energy, which can be used to provide municipal heat resources. Well, the use of modern waste disposal technologies in the process of solving the problem of waste disposal will reduce Negative influence, which renders the waste landfill (MSW) to the environment.

What types of fuel can be obtained from ordinary MSW.

If everything is quite clear and predictable with the thermal energy generated during the thermal processing of waste, then we move on. You will be surprised, but not only energy, but also fuel can be obtained from waste. Fuel obtained from ordinary garbage is:

• Gaseous (biogas containing methane)
• Solid
• liquid

So, let's consider the methods by which these types of fuel are obtained from MSW in more detail.

Gaseous fuels can be obtained primarily from organic waste. In developed countries, where biogas technologies are well developed, entire residential neighborhoods are heated with the help of gas obtained from food and plant waste.

Therefore, it is not surprising that currently various countries waste processing plants are being created, equipped with special storage facilities equipped for proper municipal solid waste in order to obtain biogas from them. However, it is worth noting that gaseous fuel is difficult to transport, and therefore it is usually used directly at the place of its production for the production of heat and electricity.

Solid fuel from MSW (or RDF) is a high-calorie fraction consisting of municipal waste. This type fuel has found wide application as a cheap substitute for fossil fuels.

Russian innovations from Tomsk: Aist-200: gasoline for 4 kopecks a liter. Fuel from garbage

It can replace resources such as:

• brown coal
• coal
• oil products
• wood

The replacement of fossil fuels by such solid fuels from municipal waste has been one of the most striking indicators of the current state of the art for many years. This trend is most clearly seen in the cement industry.

Today, many cement plants use solid fuel from waste in the process, so they are the main buyer of this raw material. However, in addition to such enterprises, RDF can use heat and power plants. The processing of waste (MSW) into solid fuel is very promising, since the negative impact on the environment that occurs during the combustion of such fuel is relatively low compared to the combustion of traditional heat carriers.

Among the undeniable advantages of solid fuel from MSW are its constant (unchanging) calorific value and standard form. All this greatly simplifies the management and control of combustion processes, since the use of this fuel ensures the highest quality combustion, which, moreover, is practically waste-free. It is not surprising that waste disposal by manufacturing solid fuel from them and its subsequent incineration (instead of the traditional incineration of municipal solid waste themselves) is today one of the most effective ways waste processing.

Liquid fuel from MSW was learned relatively recently, but the result exceeded all scientists' expectations, because the output was synthetic diesel fuel, which can be used in internal combustion engines. Moreover, it compares favorably with diesel fuel obtained from oil refining, since it does not contain sulfur, which clogs engines, which negatively affects their durability.

The use of fuel from MSW allows not only to significantly extend the life of the engine, but also has a positive effect on the environment, since the waste from the combustion of such fuel is carbon dioxide, which is converted into oxygen during photosynthesis. Well, the fact that the combustibility of this fuel is no worse than that of a traditional diesel, it is not surprising that such technologies are beginning to become more widespread.

What is Kievan Rus

Pyrolysis plant for tire recycling. Pyrolysis is a waste-free waste disposal technology.

Pyrolysis of tires, tires, plastics and other waste allows you to recycle and recycle toxic waste into fuel, carbon and steel cord. The pyrolysis plant is simple and efficient. Investments in pyrolysis equipment pay off in less than a year; when acquiring equipment on lease, the payback period is reduced to several months. The pyrolysis plant does not require numerous personnel. To service a horizontal pyrolysis plant, 3-4 people are required at the time of loading (3-5 hours depending on the volume) and a person on duty during operation. The service life of a pyrolysis reactor made of heat-resistant steel with a thickness of 16-18 mm is about 7-8 years. Delivery of the reactor from heat-resistant stainless steel is possible. After 7-8 years of operation, the reactor is replaced with a new one. The remaining components of the installation do not require replacement. The installation used automation Siemens.

Leasing of equipment for 2 - 5 years is possible, the down payment is 10 -15%, the rise in price is 5 -12% per year, the currency is rubles.

Waste pyrolysis. Depending on temperatures and materials, installations for low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature pyrolysis of waste are used.

Low-temperature pyrolysis is the process of waste decomposition without air access at temperatures of 300-600 ° C. This method is characterized by the maximum yield of liquid products. In the process of pyrolysis, we get fuel and other valuable waste. In our installations, the catalytic pyrolysis process is used to increase the efficiency and speed of the process. In the output units, we get heavy and light fractions of fuel, non-condensable fractions - gas is used to heat the pyrolysis furnace, therefore, only initial heating is necessary for the operation of the pyrolysis furnace. After the start of the pyrolysis process, the released gas is used for heating. If you purchase 2 units and they work together, the excess gas in one pyrolysis unit is used to start the pyrolysis process in the second unit. There is no need for any additional type of fuel at all. The pyrolysis unit is equipped with a 4-stage gas purification system. Price list for pyrolysis plants.

High-temperature pyrolysis proceeds at temperatures of about 1000-1400 degrees and is characterized by a maximum gas yield. High-temperature pyrolysis is one of the best ways to process municipal solid waste, MSW, both in terms of both environmental safety and the production of synthesis gas, slag, metals and other materials that can be widely used in national economy. High-temperature gasification makes it possible technically simply to process municipal solid waste without their pre-training, sorting, drying, etc.

Waste equipment - advantage of pyrolysis:

• Pyrolysis equipment is the optimal solution for waste processing. Pyrolysis is not very sensitive to the type of raw material and is able to process unsorted municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, oil residues, paper pulp, mixed plastics and shredded car residues, rubber and tires, woodworking waste, hospital waste, etc. Plant automation adapts to changes in waste composition .
• No combustion waste, the pyrolysis plant has excellent performance in terms of emissions of harmful substances such as dioxins, the level of which is lower than that required by the relevant legislation.
• The plant does not produce waste water.
• Highly qualified personnel is not required, the installation works automatically.
• There is a large decrease in the amount of waste for disposal.
• Harmless production residues can be used in the future, in the production of tires, road construction, etc.
• The pyrolysis plant is easy to operate and maintain, as well as the fact that the pyrolysis plant provides itself with the energy necessary for operation (required only for start-up), while the excess generated steam and / or electricity is supplied to an external consumer.

Pyrolysis machines are available in 2 versions - vertical and horizontal. You can purchase horizontal pyrolysis machines from us for processing tire waste, etc. and vertical machines for processing waste oils and petroleum products.

Advantages of horizontal pyrolysis plants:

• The material is mixed in the reactor, which accelerates the pyrolysis process.
• There is no need for overhead cranes to unload the retorts.
• The shop may have a lower height.
• The big sizes of loading doors of installation.
• Possibility of automating the loading, the loading device can have a diameter equal to the machine door.
• Fully automatic carbon unloading, steel cord unloading device, Small number of staff 3-4 people, especially high savings are obtained with great performance installation or purchase of 2 or more units.

Pyrolysis of rubber and tires.

Pyrolysis of rubber and recycling of automobile tires is the most demanded direction, where horizontal pyrolysis plants are widely used. Large reactor volume from 12 m3 to 50 m3 large loading doors from 2.2 to 2.8 meters in diameter, automatic unloading of the plant, a small number of maintenance personnel make horizontal installations most beneficial to use for these purposes.

Pyrolysis of plastic.

• Plastic pyrolysis is another popular use for pyrolysis machines. What is especially important is that the plastic decomposes in the pyrolysis machine without the formation of dioxins. In this case, the yield of pyrolysis fuel is about 65% of the weight of the plastic. Upon delivery of the dechlorination unit, it is possible to process plastics with PVC impurities.

• Waste pyrolysis

• In pyrolysis plants, it is also possible to process the remains of cable, leather (equipment for pre-treatment supplied),

• Pyrolysis of waste oil and petroleum products

• It is possible to process used oil in horizontal pyrolysis plants 10-15% of the plant load, in distillation plants or in oil regeneration plants.
• We offer 2 types of oil processing plants.

A series of distillation units that allow processing 5 to 50 tons of oil per day into standard summer diesel fuel and AI 92 gasoline.

Installations for the regeneration of oil properties with a capacity of 62 to 2000 liters per hour. These installations make it possible to obtain oil with properties close to the original oil.

• As a result of pyrolysis, the following products are obtained:

The working process:

Raw materials are loaded into the feed inlet, depending on the volumes and material, a loading conveyor can be supplied. Then, the reactor of the pyrolysis machine is heated by gas or diesel burner, at the choice of the customer. When the temperature reaches up to 350°C-400°C, the pyrolysis reaction starts in the reactor. Light and heavy components will be separated from the formed petroleum gas. The light component is cooled in the condenser and accumulated in the fuel tank, and combustible gases remain in the system, which cannot be liquefied, they are returned to the heat supply system for combustion. The pyrolysis machine is equipped with a gas purification system in the heat supply system of the machine. We can offer you the following range of Pyrolysis machines with different capacities:

We can offer you the following range of Pyrolysis machines with different capacities:

№	Name	Power kW.	Volume reactor m3/hour	Volume downloads tons.	Volume per day tons.	Quantity downloads in a day
1	LL-2200-6000	11	22	5 — 6	9 — 10	3 in 2 days	82000	92000	88000	98000	108000
2	LL-2200-6600	11	25	7	10 -11	3 in 2 days	84000	94000	91000	101000	111000
3	LL-2600-6000	16	32	8	8 -10	1 per day	110000	124000	118000	121000	131000
4	LL-2600-6600	16	35	10	10 — 12	1 per day	120000	134000	128000	142000	154000
5	LL-2800-6000	17	37	10	10 — 12	1 per day	125000	139000	135000	149000	164000
6	LL-2800-6600	17	40	12	12	1 per day	135000	149000	145000	159000	175000
7	LL-2800-7500	22	46	16	15 -16	1 per day	150000	165000	162000	177000	195000

* - the price of a pyrolysis plant without adaptation to a cold climate. Heating installation with coal, firewood.

** - price of pyrolysis plant without adaptation to cold climate. Heating of the installation with multi-fuel burners operating on diesel fuel, pyrolysis oil, fuel oil.

*** price of a pyrolysis plant with a cooling system adapted to cold climates, without an outdoor pool.

Heating of the installation with multi-fuel burners operating on diesel fuel, pyrolysis oil, fuel oil.

**** - the price of a pyrolysis plant with a cooling system adapted to cold climates, without an outdoor pool and a cooling system that allows the use of the heat generated by the installation for heating the workshop. System supply ventilation. Heating of the installation with multi-fuel burners operating on diesel fuel, pyrolysis oil, fuel oil.

The standard cycle of the pyrolysis machine.

We give a guarantee for the machine for 1 year, a period for a stainless steel reactor with a thickness of 14 mm. 3 years, other parts of the machine do not need to be changed during its entire period of operation, except for wear parts and components.

The composition of the pyrolysis machine includes

1. Reactor heating system
2. Thermally insulated body of the pyrolysis machine
3. The pyrolysis reactor is made of stainless steel 14 mm thick.
4. Machine control panel.
5. catalytic column
6. Tank for heavy fraction of pyrolysis oil
7. Pyrolysis gas cooling system
8. Container for light fraction of pyrolysis oil
9. Water seal
10. Water cooling system. It is possible to use the heat generated during the pyrolysis process to heat the air in the workshop in winter
11. Built-in fan and valve system.
12. Chimney
13. Smoke exhaust fan
14. Exhaust gas cleaning system
15. Burner for afterburning gas
16. speed reducer
17. Automatic Soot Removal Conveyor
18. Service platforms
19. Roller for steel unloading (cord)

Once upon a time, diesel fuel, and in common parlance - diesel fuel, was one of the cheapest and most affordable types of fuel from among petroleum products. Nowadays, the situation on the oil products market has changed, and diesel fuel has ceased to be so affordable and cheap. What to do if you need a relatively small amount of diesel fuel, but the price for it does not suit you in any way? The solution is simple - cook fuel with your own hands at home. For this, school knowledge from the course of chemistry and some ingredients and devices will be enough.

Diesel fuel at home - appliances and components:
To make diesel fuel at home, you will need:

• power unit running on diesel fuel;
• methanol;
• used vegetable oil;
• alkali;
• distilled water;
• tap water;
• alcohol;
• pipette.

Diesel fuel at home - cooking instructions:

First of all, you will need to filter the used vegetable oil. You can use an oil filter for this procedure, or you can simply remove burnt food residues from the oil with a fork.
The second step in the preparation of diesel fuel is its purification. In order to purify the oil, it must be heated to at least +450 0C. As soon as water begins to rise to the surface of the oil, it must be removed immediately.

The next step in the preparation of diesel fuel is a procedure called tempering. It is necessary to determine the amount of alkali that is needed for the production of fuel. To perform this procedure, it is enough to dissolve one gram of alkali in one liter of distilled water. After that, in a separate container, mix 10 ml of alcohol and 1 ml of oil. When the alkali is completely dissolved, the solutions are mixed. At the same time, the pH level is constantly monitored. His ideal level is 8-9. To make sure that there is enough alkali, you can pink color litmus paper.
Most homemade diesel fuel experts believe that the normal amount of alkali is 6-7 grams per liter of oil.

Therefore, you need to work in glasses and protective special clothing.
After these manipulations, one liter of vegetable oil must be added to the resulting mixture. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the previous calculations related to necessary quantity alkalis. Mixing should be no longer than 15-20 minutes. In the event that you did not remove all the water from the oil during cleaning, a so-called “soap layer” will appear on the surface of the mixture, which will be very difficult to remove.

The next step is to prepare sodium methoxide by mixing lye with methanol. Vegetable oil heated to a temperature of 1500C and mixed with the sodium methoxide obtained before. The resulting substance is mixed for at least 30 minutes, and then settled for 8 hours.
And now - diesel fuel is almost ready. It remains to wash it from soapy precipitation. The simplest way make it normal tap water wash the surface of the fuel. Water dilutes the glycerin particles and dissolves with them in the fuel. Now - another 12 hours of settling to dry excess water on the surface, and that's it - diesel fuel at home is ready!

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Section: DIYTags: Diesel fuel at home