Home care for adiantum fragrans. Photos and descriptions of individual types of adiantum Adiantum raddi indoor plants

Adiantum (from Latin - Adiantum) is a plant belonging to the genus of ferns, which has many species and varieties. People also call it adianthus, “women’s or maiden hair” fern, and curly fern. Many of its varieties have gained great popularity among fans. indoor flora. Growing such flowers at home is not very easy, but an unusual decorative foliage plant with beautiful openwork leaves is worth spending a little time and creating the necessary conditions for it.

In this article we will provide a description known species adiantum with a photo and tell you how to properly care for the plant.

Characteristics of adiantum

The adiantum plant is a ground bush with creeping stems and straight rhizomes. The underground part of the stem is covered with scales Brown, and the aboveground one has symmetrical feather-like leaves. They themselves have a light green tint, and the petioles are glossy dark brown.

In nature, Adiantum is found in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones. It grows near bodies of water or in moisture-rich soils with good drainage.

Popular types of adiantum

The genus Adiantum includes about 200 species. The varieties presented below are the most popular and beloved among gardeners:

• Venus hair is the most popular type. IN natural environment habitat grows on limestone soils near a source of moisture. The main feature is black thin rhizomes and characteristic light green thin leaves located on a long petiole. Requires frequent spraying and does not tolerate dry air well;

• Stop-shaped - an elegant beautiful species growing in deciduous forests East Asia And North America. Reaches 60 cm in height. Able to tolerate severe frosts down to –35 degrees, therefore suitable for planting in open ground. The leaves are flat, one-sided and light green. This type includes several varieties: imbricatum, compactum, aleuthicum, japonicum;

• Tailed - has leaves about 60 cm long, so in indoor floriculture acts as . The leaves have shoots at the ends, and the petioles have a brown tint. This indoor adiantum is very sensitive to moisture, so you need to carefully ensure that the soil in the pot does not dry out;

• Tender - has a short creeping rhizome and large leaves up to 50 cm in width and up to 70 cm in length. They are triply pinnate, wedge-shaped at the base and broadly lobed at the top. This species is suitable for growing indoors and exhibits good decorative properties;

• Finely hairy or finely pubescent - grows well in room conditions. It has dissected leaves 15-20 cm long, located on strong petioles, and a creeping rhizome;

• Fragrance - grows quickly, forming a dense bush up to 50 cm high with a large number of oval leaves of a light greenish color. Indoor plants of this type are very delicate and beautiful. They are found naturally in the Andes and South Asia.

So that the bush makes you happy beautiful view and haven’t been sick, you need to know how to care for maidenhair at home. You should pay attention to standard factors that affect any representative of the flora. Another feature of the plant is that it absolutely does not tolerate cold air, wind with dust and drafts. Cigarette smoke and gas combustion products are harmful to it.

Lighting and optimal temperature for adiantum

Adiantum is a shade-loving plant. He doesn't need too much brightness sunlight. Excessive lighting can cause the leaves to turn brown and gradually die. It is better to place the bush near a window facing north side, or in a shaded corner.

• Favorable summer temperature for growth is 20-21 degrees;
• If air humidity is low, then temperatures above 22 degrees will be detrimental to the plant;
• Many varieties tolerate wide temperature fluctuations well, so they grow well in summer outdoor conditions;
• Optimal temperature in winter period– 15-18 degrees. A drop in the thermometer below 10 degrees can contribute to the death of foliage and the death of the bush.

Moisturizing and watering indoor ferns

Caring for adiantum in summer involves regular watering.

• It is necessary to ensure that the soil does not dry out, but waterlogging should also not be allowed. You can water the bush by lowering the pot into a container of water. When the top earthen layer will begin to shine from moisture, remove the container and give excess moisture drain and install in place. In winter, you need to water the flower moderately, based on the degree of dryness of the air. In this case, soft, slightly warm water is used.
• The plant also requires frequent spraying, especially in summer with high temperatures. If foliage has died off, it should be carefully cut off and the flower should be moistened regularly. Soon fresh leaves will begin to appear. For better moisture, you can place the pot in a larger diameter container with damp peat or on a tray with damp pebbles. On winter days, spraying should be done with warm soft water daily. If the room is cool, then the frequency should be reduced to prevent mold from forming.

Pruning and replanting indoor ferns

Only old or very damaged foliage should be trimmed. If the bush dries out, then you should cut off all the dry leaves, spray what is left 2 times a day and water regularly. New leaves will appear soon.

• The adianth is transplanted in the spring, after it begins to grow;
• You should choose a wide pot so that the plant is comfortable in it;
• For soil mixture take one part of sand, peat, turf and leaf soil;
• The mass is supplemented with pieces of charcoal and small shards;
• During the transplantation process, dead roots are removed. Living roots are not cut off;
• There is no need to press down the soil too much; it should remain loose;
• After transplantation, the bush is watered and sprayed.

Adiant Reproduction

Reproduction is carried out by two methods:

• Dividing the bush;
• Disputes.

The first method is to propagate an overgrown flower during transplantation, most often in the spring. It is carefully divided by hand, based on the number of growth points: if it is single, or there are very few of them, then division cannot be carried out, because the plant may die. Each part must be rooted separately.

The second option is reproduction from spores that form on the lower surface of the leaves. It is best to sow them in early spring into a nursery heated from below, where it is possible to maintain temperature regime at 21 degrees.

• We cut a leaf from the bush and scrape the spores from it onto a sheet of paper;
• We fill the nursery with a drainage layer and disinfected soil;
• Water the soil generously and scatter spores evenly over it;
• Cover the structure with glass and put it in a warm, dark place;
• Every day for ventilation you need to remove the glass, but do not let the soil dry out;
• We keep the nursery in the dark for 5-12 weeks until shoots appear, then we move it to a lighted room and remove the glass cover;
• When the bushes grow, they need to be thinned out, leaving the healthiest and strongest ones at a distance of 3 cm from each other. Then 2-3 copies can be planted together in pots with a mixture of soil and peat.

You can buy an already mature adiant from an online flower shop, a flower shop or from flora lovers. The average price per copy is 400 rubles. Cost may vary depending on the type, height and degree of bushiness of the plant.

Video: Planting adiantum

Extraordinary beauty, which is endowed with grace not characteristic of others

But in order for the flower to please you and your loved ones, you will have to take care of it, and the adiantum is quite whimsical.

Description

If you are a little familiar with some, you will agree that adiantum is the most delicate and graceful plant of the entire range of ferns. Proof of this is the fact that this plant is often used by florists.

Did you know? Ferns were originally used for wedding bouquets as they were believed to bring happiness to women.

Although, of course, it is better to use ferns as in pots, rather than as decoration in bouquets. The fact is that cut stems fade very quickly: much faster than other components of the bouquet.

Patterned foliage looks very impressive, and its rich, bright green color will give your room a fresh and summer mood even on the coldest winter day.

Adiantum is perennial fern. It can reach a height of 60 cm, and sometimes even higher. The root is creeping and spreading. The petioles usually average 13 cm. They have a glossy surface.

Conditions in the room

The lush green crown (photo of the fern below) will please the eye if you properly care for the plant. Caring for maidenhair at home requires diligence: you need to water, moisten, spray, nourish and trim the fern.

Humidity and temperature

Many plants do not pay attention to such factors as air humidity, but this does not apply to maidenhair. If you do not follow certain tips, you will never be able to achieve the effect of lush leaves and achieve a bright green color - and these are the main advantages of ferns.

Humidity should be high: no less than 60%, and it is better that this value reaches 70%. There are many ways to achieve this effect. For some, the house is quite damp, while for others, on the contrary, the air is too dry, and if you belong to the second category, then you can spray the plant yourself.

High humidity must be maintained at any time of the year.

Important! During heating season place the plant away from radiators and other devices designed to heat the air.

Lighting

Caring for maidenhair at home includes another important factor: lighting should be moderate, ideally diffuse.

It is important to ensure that lady hair the hot sun didn't hit - bright rays are destructive for him. It is better to choose a north or east window to place a pot with

If you still want the adiantum to stand in the room on the south or west side, then in this case you should at least place it not by the window, but further into the room. Move him away from outer wall at least three meters.

IN spring time In the morning and evening, a small amount of sun is allowed; on a hot day, it is better to place the pot in partial shade.

In winter, the fern will not need additional lighting.

The soil

During care, constantly ensure that the soil at the root itself is loose; it should have high throughput for water.

Planting adiantum

The plant propagates in two ways: and You can choose yourself, we will only tell you about the advantages and disadvantages of each of them in order to make your choice easier.

Dividing the bush

This option is better suited for propagating those ferns that are old enough, even so much so that they have already lost their aesthetic qualities.

Did you know? WITH Latin name flower can be translated as “not getting wet.” The fern received this name due to its ability to remain dry even after exposure to water.

This process must be approached with extreme caution, because if something goes wrong, you will not only not get new plants, but also completely destroy the old one. In addition, the survival rate new parts not very tall.

Carry out the procedure in the spring. It is necessary to remove the fern from the pot carefully, along with the root. Next, the root is cleared of the soil that remains on it; be careful not to tear off small roots.

Prepare a sharpened knife, it is important that it is sterile. Carefully divide the rhizome into 2 or more parts so that each part contains one (preferably more) healthy leaf.

Sterilize the soil in advance, take some kind of container or pot, pour some of the fern into these containers.

Important! After transplanting, immediately moisten the soil and fern leaves. Place the pots in a shady and warm place.

It is advisable to feed the roots by spraying. Caring for young plants is the same as caring for adult plants.

Don't worry if the growth process takes too long, this is normal for ferns.

Disputes

The Venus hair flower can reproduce in another way - by spores. This option also has many complications. The room temperature should be about 22 degrees above zero.

Prepare the soil as described above, be sure to add sand. Next, you need to find the largest and healthiest leaf. At the bottom there will be small brown spots - these are spores.

This leaf must be separated from the plant and all spores collected from it.

Important! D To sterilize the soil, you can heat it in the oven or just in a frying pan.

There should be a substrate in the pot and moisten the soil, and after that you can start sowing. There is no need to bury the spores, just sprinkle them on top of the ground. After this, you can sprinkle a little substrate on top and that’s it.

Cover the containers cling film or some kind of glass to create a greenhouse effect. The room should be quite warm and dark, but when the first shoots appear, open the plants and move them to the light.

When, finally, the sprouts have slightly increased in size and become stronger, select the strongest of them and plant them. There should be a distance of at least 3 cm between each one.

Caring for a plant at home

Great value Home care for Venus hair requires watering and fertilizing. If the leaves of the adiantum dry out, it means that you did not carry out these procedures carefully enough.

Watering

The water should not be too cold and not too hot, it is better to take liquid room temperature.

It is difficult to adjust the temperature yourself, so to achieve this effect, keep a watering can with water in the room for about an hour. In addition, during this time she will have time to settle.

Very good option It will also be possible to use rainwater, which will definitely not contain any harmful substances.

There is no need to assume that this is what he needs overwatering. This is not the case, however, and there is no need to allow the soil to become too dry. If you overdo it, you risk killing the entire above-ground part of the plant, and if you don’t water enough, you can ruin the underground part.

Fertilizer

The hair of Venus is a flower that needs periodic fertilization. Most often, the soil is fertilized with flower concentrate.

As you know, it lasts for the plant in spring, as well as summer time. Carry out the procedure approximately once every 20-30 days.

Transfer

Transplantation, like propagation of a bush, by division or spores, takes place exclusively in the spring. Gardeners note that best result achieved if do this annually. If you do not have enough time or desire, then replanting is allowed only when you realize that the fern in the pot has become crowded.

The rules are exactly the same as when propagating ferns:

1. Sterilize the soil.
2. Remove the plant from its previous habitat.
3. Carefully clear the root from the soil.
4. Place in a new pot.
5. Immediately moisten the soil and fertilize.

Pests, diseases and other difficulties

Caring for Venus hair at home is not limited to watering and fertilizing; it is important to ensure that the plant does not get sick. Although there is no need to worry about this (ferns are very rarely attacked, you still need to be aware of the possible dangers.

If you notice that the leaves begin to turn yellow closer to the beginning, and further along the length they become brown, then these are signs that the plant is sick due to drafts, lack of watering, or due to insufficiently humidified air.

In this case, you need to take the following measures: close the windows near the flower or take the pot away from them, monitor the moderation of watering and move the flower away from the radiators.

If the leaves are almost completely yellow and only turn a little brown towards the end, then dry air is to blame. Under such conditions, the flower will not produce new shoots.

Surprisingly, if you find the leaf turning pale, this will mean that it is time to remove the flower away from the light.

To speed up the growth of a fern that is too slow, increase the dose of fertilizers.

Did you know? In Croatia, as well as in Canada, the fern is protected, as it is considered an endangered plant.

When root system begins to rot, the first sign of this process will be the lethargy of the leaves, although the soil will still remain moist. In order not to aggravate the problem, you need to dry the soil and no longer allow uneven watering.

But if the root has already begun to rot and the process is irreversible, then you will have to remove the damaged areas and transplant the flower to a new place.

When you start to notice that the tips of the leaves begin to curl, then it’s time to create more comfortable living conditions for the adiantum - it’s cold.

If the soil is too salty, the leaves may become covered with brown spots. In this case, you can simply replace the land with another one.

Some of the possible pests that can attack the plant are You will notice they have appeared when you find the leaves turning bronze. Alas, it is impossible to cure fern. Destroy the plant otherwise the virus carried by thrips will continue to spread.

As you can see, caring for a delicate and graceful fern requires some effort. But agree that they are all worth enjoying beautiful flowering adiantum.

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Among the types of ferns, it is worth paying attention to the fern, also called “Venus hair” - adiantum. The flower is cute, delicate and elegant, but due to improper care the adiantum will be unattractive appearance. Adiantum varieties are characterized by fans with fronds, with the shape of a slightly rounded triangle. The stems are thin, visually similar to hair. Adiantums are suitable for growing using the hydroponic method.

Of the 200 species of this fern that look best at home: Decorum, Tenerum, Fritz.

Description

The natural habitat of the adiantum is Europe, Asia, America or Australia. The underground part of the plant, the rhizome, is located horizontally underground. On the surface there are buds from which new above-ground shoots grow. A common species grown at home is the Adiantum capillus veneris species.

Growing

Adiantum is thermophilic. Grows best in humid and warm places. Loves partial shade and peat soil. Watering frequently large quantities. There are no special watering requirements. Loves being sprayed with water. The roots love moisture, when dry, put the adiantum in water and wait until the roots are completely moistened. Doesn't like transplantation. They reproduce by division or spores.

Care

The flower needs a lot of heat and water, moist soil and air around. It is better to water the flower moderately but regularly. The room must be regularly ventilated; the flower does not like a polluted atmosphere. Adiantum planting time is spring. For transplantation you need a substrate consisting of flower earth with the addition of clay. Adiantum does not like straight lines sun rays, shade or partial shade is suitable. At a temperature below 15 degrees maidenhair grows worse etc. To achieve the desired level of air humidity, place the fern on damp gravel or stones. You can also spray the leaves. During the cold season, autumn-winter, bring the plant indoors, with a temperature not lower than 13 degrees Celsius. Doesn't like the cold. In winter, reduce watering so that the roots of the plant are not in danger of rotting. If you replant a fern, it is better to cut the root and plant it in the same pot so that the flower is not crowded. This has a beneficial effect on the development of the plant.

Reproduction

Reproduction of adiantum involves dividing the coma, but once every three years. First you need to carefully pull the fern out of the pot, holding it by the stems. Then break the solid lump of soil into equal parts and place both in new pots, tamping the soil gently with your fingers. Then simply water the adiantum and place it in the shade.

Sow the spores on sterilized soil rich in humus. The substrate must be damp, it is advisable to wear plastic bag on the potty. Germination should begin within 6 weeks.

Application

Adiantum is suitable for growing at home. Greens the premises, making the interiors bright and pleasing to the eye.

Ferns have a very beneficial effect on indoor air; below are several benefits of growing maidenhair in the home:

• humidifies the air,
• removes toxins released from paints, floor coverings, wallpaper.

Ferns are ideal as a plant for the bathroom. The bathroom should have a window to allow some light into the fern. At home, maidenhair needs to be watered frequently so that the ground is kept moist all the time. During the heating season (that is, dry), the fern needs spraying. The plant loves warmth and should stand in a lighted or semi-shaded place - remember, ferns cannot be exposed to harsh sunlight or drafts. Avoid touching the leaves or replanting the plant. Dry leaves must be removed. Adiantum is thin in design and differs from most ferns. The view is ideal for creating a winter garden.

Bloom

Adiantum does not form flowers, but it pleases with its green color all year round.

Diseases

• Leaves are pale, turn slightly yellow, but do not fall off - start feeding the plant and transplant it into new soil and pot;
• The leaves turn black and fall off– too dry! Increase the amount of water when watering. Sometimes it is better to water less, but more often. Start watering the plant with boiled water;
• Leaves turn yellow and fall off- too much frequent watering. Reduce the amount of water, after 30 minutes drain the water from the stand. Make sure there is drainage at the bottom of the pot;
• Brown, raised, regularly alternating dots appear on the underside of the leaves.- CALMLY! These are spores through which the plant reproduces. Don't scratch them or cut off the leaves.

Pests

If you notice that the leaves of a plant dry out, lose their shine and resemble paper, this is a sign that the plant has been exposed to excess sunlight or the soil is deprived nutrients. Need a flower fertilize once every 2 weeks. You must also remember about the sensitivity of this plant to smoke. Do not place the flower in the kitchen, near the stove or heating devices and forget about smoking indoors.
The flower is attacked greenhouse whitefly. This insect resembles a white butterfly. The pest is destroyed with a drug that is sold in a houseplant store.

Regarding the method of application and frequency of the procedure, it is worth seeking advice in this matter, for example, from the seller offering these drugs. A white ball attached to the leaves indicates presence of a scale insect. Fight it by brushing off the pest with a brush, soaked in denatured alcohol. This must be done carefully so as not to wet the leaves. Appear on the underside of leaves and other parts of the plant. small oval growths, leaves the pest Californian scale insect. The scale insects should not be confused with the spores located on the underside of the adiantum leaves. The spores are arranged in regular rows and are found only on the leaves and not on other parts of the plant. Scale insects are removed mechanically. In case of severe spread, a chemical is used.

Kinds

• Adiantum venereal hair(Adiantum capillus veneris) is a popular variety. With a thin structure. The light green leaves form characteristic feathers on the stems. If properly cared for, the flower grows up to 60 centimeters.
• Adiantum Ruddy(Adiantum raddianum) – variety bigger size. Stems with a black tint and light green leaves. Older specimens have brown leaves. Within the variety there are: Festum And Fritz Lutz– "Fritz-Luthi" grows up to 50 cm with curly leaves painted in steel color. A. " Victoria elegans"has a reddish stem. Variety Fragrance "Fragrans" attractive evergreen fern. Does not like drafts and likes temperatures within 20 degrees. Lisa "Lisa" Slow, vertically growing fern with a unique compact form.
• (Adiantum tenerum) – grows up to 90 cm in height. Decorative and slender plant with large corrugated leaves. Variety Scutum Roseum - "Scutum Roseum" is characterized by initially red leaves that turn green over time. The plant does not like dry air.
• Adiantum finely pubescent(Adiantum hispidulum) - a flower with narrow, leathery leaves and a hard, thin stem.
• Adiantum macrophylla(Adiantum macrophyllum) is a plant with a brown stem and red, jagged leaves that feel like paper, turning green-yellow over time.
• Adiantum multifolia(Adiantum polyphyllum) – included in largest varieties. The leaves on a long, meter-long stem resemble a comb.
• Adiantum stopiform(Adiantum pedatum) – The fern is found in moist forests throughout New England. It has a characteristic dark, sinewy stem and a fan-shaped axis with lobes. Americans used the plant for healing various diseases, including rheumatism, fever, heart disease, and asthma, the stems were inserted into the pierced earlobe to prevent it from overgrowing.

Adiantum Aleutian(Adiantum aleuticum) is an attractive perennial fern with graceful, bright green leaves that open like the fingers of a hand atop upright, shiny, purple-black, sinewy stems. Avoid hot afternoon sun to prevent leaf scorch in summer. A location with well-drained soil is best, but this fern will tolerate sandy and clay soils. Avoid stagnant water.

Adiantum is beautiful(Adiantum venustum) is a fern with broadly triangular leaves consisting of many small fan-shaped segments. The branching rhizome creeps, gradually supporting a colony of elegant evergreen leaves. Hardy and very decorative.

Adiantum trapezoidal(Adiantum trapeziforme) is a large fern with clustered leaves up to 1 m long, with trapezoidal fronds that droop downwards. Young leaves have a pinkish tint. Spores are produced at the tips of the lower part of the frond and can be used for propagation.

Adiantum does not need much sun at home, so the flower is also grown in shaded corners of the apartment.

Toxicity

Although we have not found any reports of toxicity from this species, a number of ferns contain carcinogens, so vigilance is warranted. Many ferns also contain the enzyme thiaminase, which deprives the body of vitamin B complex. In small quantities, this enzyme will not cause harm to people whose diet contains foods rich in vitamin B, although in large quantities it can cause serious problems with health. The enzyme is destroyed under the influence high temperature or drying, so there is no enzyme in the treated plant.

Use in cooking

The leaves are used as a garnish for sweet dishes. The dried leaves are used to make tea. Syrup made from plants is consumed as a refreshing summer drink. The fern is boiled in water with sugar over low heat for several hours, the liquid turns into a thick syrup. It is then mixed with fruit juices to make a refreshing drink.

Medicinal properties

The editorial staff of floral-house does not bear any responsibility for any negative consequences from the use of plants. Be sure to consult a specialist before using medicinal plants.

Maidenhair has long history medicinal use and was the main ingredient in a popular cough syrup called "Capillaire" which was used until the 19th century. The plant is practically not used in modern herbal medicine. Fresh or dried leafy branches have antitussive, astringent, sedative, expectorant, antipyretic, and laxative effects. Tea or syrup is used to treat coughs, sore throats and bronchitis. Externally used as a poultice for snake bites and bee stings. In Nepal, a paste made from the leaves is applied to the forehead to relieve headaches. The plant is best used fresh, although it can also be harvested in the summer and dried for later use. The leaves are also used to strengthen hair and treat dandruff.

• Don't place a fern over a radiator. When the air is dry, the leaves will begin to fall and the flower will quickly lose its beautiful appearance;
• Place the pot on a stand filled with wet expanded clay;
• The fern will thank you for spraying with its appearance;
• Ensure good air circulation in the room where the fern is growing.

Adiantum is an indoor plant with beautiful green palmate leaves, which are often used in bouquets.

Adiantum: growth pattern

This one of the most popular ferns in various sources is attributed to either the family Adiantaceae, or to the family Pteridaceae. Adiantum's name

The adiantum reaches almost half a meter in height, and a little more in diameter. Over time, mature plants begin to lose their attractiveness - the leaves begin to lighten, some may begin to turn brown: this is the result of the action of spores that develop on the underside of the leaf.

Therefore, as new leaves appear, all old ones need to be cut off at the very base. Thanks to this, the adiantum will not become exposed, remaining attractive all the time.

Maidenhair Reproduction

Another way to propagate adiantum is by dividing the roots of adult specimens. This procedure can be carried out once every three years in the spring when replanting.

To do this, you need to completely remove the adult adiantum from the pot. The plant needs to be divided only if it has many growing points. In this case, the root ball is divided into several parts by hand, each of which sits in a separate pot. After some time, but not immediately, these plants will begin to grow.

Adiantum: growing from seeds

To grow this plant from seeds, you need to scrape mature spores from the bottom of the leaves in the spring. These spores need to be sown on the surface of warm sterilized universal soil for indoor plants. Covering the container with seedlings with glass or film, you need to provide them with a temperature of approximately 21 degrees for three weeks.

Over time, when the first sprouts appear on the surface, the containers with them need to be moved to a bright place. When the plants reach 5 centimeters in height, they should be transplanted into separate pots.

Adiantum: care features

Adiantum Ruddy is a rather whimsical fern; it needs careful care. Thus, it does not tolerate dry soil and air, as well as low temperatures. It should be replanted every couple of years in the spring. The optimal soil composition for it is equal volumes of leaf, peat and turf land, as well as sand. In addition, this mixture should contain pieces of coal or broken shards - it is important for the plant that the soil is loose.

In summer, the plant requires abundant watering so that the soil always remains moist. In winter, you need to water less often, only after the soil in the pot has dried out. You need to feed twice a month in summer universal fertilizers, in winter - you don’t need to fertilize at all.

Adiantum prefers to grow in a shaded place: too bright light at any time of the year can cause serious harm to it, the same with drafts. In summer, if the air temperature exceeds 21 degrees, adiantum requires frequent spraying. For winter optimal temperature– about 10 degrees.

Possible problems

If the adiantum is placed in a dry place or watered rarely, it will begin to shed its leaves. In this case, all stems where there are few leaves must be removed, and the plant itself must be placed in a container with warm water, as a result of which the soil is well saturated with moisture. Until new leaves appear on the stems, the adiantum needs to be sprayed with water daily.

As a result various problems, this plant can change the shape and color of its leaves. So, if you put it in a very bright place, the leaves will begin to lighten - the adiantum needs to be moved to a more shaded place. If the leaves begin to curl and their edges begin to dry out, this is a sign that the soil or air is too dry. In this case, the plant should be placed in a container with warm water. And if the leaves curl, but their edges do not dry, this is a sign of too much wet soil or low temperature. In this case, the adiantum should be placed in a warmer place and the soil should be allowed to dry before watering.

Adiantum, or adiantum, is one of the most common ferns cultivated at home. The plant looks delicate and sophisticated, but in reality it is not. It is quite hardy and able to get used to the room atmosphere.

This type of fern has several other names: women's hair, maiden hair, adiant, lady's hair. Popularly called perennial fern. It has become widespread throughout the world. Prefers to settle near bodies of water or near wet places in regions with subtropical and temperate climates.

The plant is characterized by the presence of stems creeping along the ground with thin root processes covered with dark or red scales resembling pile. In this case, the roots penetrate vertically into the ground.

Depending on the plant variety, the long-petioled leaves may be opposite or alternate. Thanks to their dark color, the glossy petioles create a contrast with the green foliage. Their length in some cases exceeds the length of the leaf itself, which has an odd-pinnate structure with wedge-shaped, oval or fan-shaped segments. Some types have a smooth edge, while others are crenate or slotted.

The leaf blades are very thin and the color is bright green. The sori are located on the back side in the form of points, most often located along the edge of the vein.

Adiantum is one of the most common ferns cultivated at home.

Caring for Venus hair at home

The lacy greenery of ferns is worth the effort of creating for him. comfortable conditions. An ornamental deciduous crop, accustomed in nature to a certain level of lighting, soil and humidity, requires the implementation of certain rules for gardeners.

Lighting, temperature and humidity

Adiantum feels good in partial shade, preferring dim, diffused lighting, so the pot with the plant can be placed on a windowsill facing north. The leaves die from bright sunlight. In summer, it is recommended to take the fern out into the fresh air., but provided that it is protected from precipitation, drafts and open sun.

In summer, it is advisable to create an air temperature of 20-22 °C, and in winter not lower than 15 °C. The drier the air, the high temperature carried by the plant. In conditions of strong low temperatures the leaves will die.

Because the fern loves high humidity, in the room where the plant is located, it should be at least 60%. IN winter time Humidity decreases due to heating, so the risk of leaves drying out increases. To avoid damage to the plant, it must be placed on a tray with wet gravel or expanded clay. A radiator located nearby should be covered with a wet sheet.

Gallery: maidenhair (25 photos)

How to plant adiantum (video)

Soil and flower pot

The soil should be acidic, breathable and rich in humus. To prepare the earth mixture, you need to take equal parts of sand, peat, turf and leaf soil, cleared of coarse inclusions. Then add sphagnum or charcoal(pieces).

Since the rhizome of the fern is superficial, to grow it it is necessary to use a wide container with a drainage layer at the bottom. Sprinkle special soil on top that has a slightly acidic reaction.

Watering and spraying

Since this perennial does not tolerate drought and dampness, it should be watered as the top layer of soil dries out. . It is recommended to use settled and warm water(room temperature). At the same time, the rigidity special significance does not, but it is important that it does not contain chlorine. Daily spraying with a spray bottle ensures that the foliage remains clean and moist. In this case, the water must also be settled.

Adiantum feels good in partial shade, preferring dim, diffused lighting

Feeding the adiantum

The herbaceous plant does not respond well to an overdose of chemicals, so it is recommended to fertilize from late spring to early autumn. Mineral fertilizers should be used once a month, and half the dose used for other domestic crops. Preparations must be lime-free. Fertilizer must be applied when watering.

Description of adiantum species

The genus Adiantum contains almost 200 herbaceous perennials. In nature, it settles in forests, rocky areas, along the banks of rivers and reservoirs. One of the most beautiful representatives of this family in home floriculture is considered to be Venus hair.

The soil should be acidic, breathable and rich in humus

Adiantum Venus hair

A. capillusveneris is a perennial that reaches a height of 30 cm. With the help of creeping scaly roots with tenacious rhizoids extending out, the flower is fixed to the soil. The leaves, called fronds, are up to 50 cm long, broadly oblong in shape, and are not wetted by water. The rod (rachis) is black, thin and hard, similar to a wire, from which light green wedge-shaped or fan-shaped segments up to 1 cm long extend.

Adiantum pink (delicate)

A. tenerum Swartz. The leaves are triple pinnate, reaching 70 cm in length and 50 cm in width. The fronds are wedge-shaped at the bottom edge and deeply and broadly lobed at the top, and the black glossy petioles are 30 centimeters long. The roots are short and creeping. This type belongs to decorative, grows well indoors.

Adiantum Venus hair

Adiantum stopiform

A. pedatum. beautiful bush with openwork spherical leaves, growing up to 60 cm. Curved stems with round pinnately dissected light green leaves form a horseshoe. Tolerates cold temperatures down to minus 35 °C.

Adiantum fine-haired

Adiantum Hispidulum. Fern with a creeping rhizome and dissected 25-centimeter leaves with diamond-shaped segments. Long, strong petioles (about 35 cm) are covered with small bristles. It is successful in home cultivation.

Why do the leaves of the adiantum dry out (video)

Adiantum beautiful (beautiful)

Adiantum formosum. A tall bush, reaching 1 m, with a fragile root system. The structure of the leaves is multipinnate and triangular-obovate. The color of the roots is purple-black and the leaves are dark green.

Adiantum wedge-shaped (Raddi)

A. raddianum. It is a very fragile and delicate highly decorative species that is afraid of direct sunlight and drafts. The plant is negatively affected by spraying with chemicals and moisture., therefore you should spray at a distance of 20 - 30 cm from it and use complex fertilizers.

Adiantum stopiform

Adiantum fragrans

Raddianum Fragrantissimum. Characterized by high growth rates. Capable of growing up to 50 cm and creating picturesque thickets. The leaves are curly, but not very densely placed on gray-brown petioles.

Adiantum transparent

A. diaphanum. On a plant with dark green or brown petioles, doubly pinnate leaves are formed, dissected along one edge, the wide segments of which do not exceed 3 cm. The total length of the frond reaches 25 cm. The shape of the leaf is pointed with oval or obovate segments with convex sporangia, placed along the outer edge.

Adiantum transparent

Methods of propagation of adiantum

There are several methods for breeding adiantum:

• dividing the bush;
• germination of spores;
• using seeds.

Reproduction by division used during spring transplantation. The rhizome must be carefully separated as it is very fragile. In the case of one growth point this method cannot be used. The shoot must contain at least 2 buds. Then the plant should be planted in soil consisting of sand, peat, turf and leaf soil.

If selected method of using spores, you need to cut off the leaf blades with brown thickenings (soruses) and dry them in paper bags. After this, spores are removed from the open sori, for sowing of which it is necessary to prepare the soil by heating it over boiling water. After planting the spores, the container with soil should be covered and placed in a well-lit and warm place. After 3 - 4 weeks, sprouts will appear. The soil needs to be watered abundantly. After the fronds appear, the plant can be planted in separate pots.

At the beginning of spring they practice seed propagation . It is during this period that disputes mature. Fern seeds are stored for years. Since greenhouse conditions must be created for seeds to germinate, this method classified as labor intensive. Trays should be kept in a room with a temperature of up to 20°C, and also covered with glass or film to maintain the necessary humidity, while opening for ventilation. Usually after a month shoots appear. This means that the tray needs to be opened and placed in a lighted area. After some time, when the sprouts get stronger, you can thin them out, leaving the strongest specimens.

At the beginning of spring they are engaged in seed propagation of adiantum

Signs and superstitions associated with adiantum

Since ferns existed on earth long before the appearance of man, the plant is of interest. Numerous folk signs and superstitions that have survived to our time tell about what changes can occur in life when meeting it in nature or when breeding it at home.

Adiantum growing at home has a beneficial effect on all family members. Ferns have a calming ability, so it is especially useful for large families to have a plant in the house, since conflicts often develop as a result of large crowds of people. Thanks to the calming effect, a person’s mind is cleared, which helps to choose the right decisions in any matter.

Another important feature of the fern is it is a magnet for financial flows. Those wishing to improve their financial situation are recommended to have an adiantum in their apartment. In addition to money, the miracle plant also attracts good luck. That is why gamblers love it so much. There is a legend that if you find a fern flower on the night of Ivan Kupala, any wish will come true.

Features of growing adiantum (video)

It is important to consider that positive energy comes only from healthy plant. If the fern has changed its appearance: the leaves have dried out or fallen off, then it is necessary to restore its strength by taking good care of it. In order for the adiantum not to take away energy from people, It is recommended to adhere to the following rules:

• place next to a TV or computer;
• do not place a flower pot in the bedroom;
• Make sure the foliage is fresh and green.