Do-it-yourself corner beam crane. Garage: homemade lifting devices. Homemade crane

Using the garage as a workshop to perform repair work often requires lifting heavy construction materials and automotive parts. By building a beam crane with your own hands, you can move large objects using an automated mechanism.

Required tools and materials

For self-assembly design, you must first prepare a set of tools and materials. In particular, you will need:

• square pipes for racks;
• seamless pipe with a cross section of 100 mm for the cross rod;
• pipes with a cross section of 110 mm for rod supports;
• metal corners 100x100 mm;
• M16 fixing bolts;
• telpher;
• welding machine.

Carrying out calculations

To ensure that the design matches the size of the room and functions in the required workspace, it is important before carrying out installation work carry out calculations. You can prepare a drawing indicating the dimensions of all components yourself or use a special calculator. The standard parameters in the calculations are the following:

• height no more than 2.5 m for repairing passenger cars and carrying out work that requires lifting and moving heavy objects;
• the load capacity depends on the type of hoist used and, as a rule, is 800-1000 kg;
• construction width - from 4 m;
• rack dimensions - 120 cm.

If there is a need to work with larger equipment, the lifting mechanism can be additionally equipped with vertical A-shaped racks. Also, if desired, it is possible to make the structure easily disassembled, which is important in conditions of limited space or in case of rare need to lift loads.

Assembling a crane beam for a garage

When assembling a load-lifting garage crane with your own hands, you must sequentially perform a series of actions, according to the instructions. By adhering to the installation rules, you will be able to make a structure that will serve you well. long years. Key assembly steps homemade equipment is the preparation of the frame and securing the crane beam for lifting, holding and moving loads.

How to make the base frame of a crane lifting mechanism

The main load falls on the equipment racks, so to securely fix the structure it is necessary to build a strong frame. The construction of an element involves the following actions:

1. From metal corners using a welding machine, make legs for the tap and weld them at an angle of 45 degrees on each side of a pipe with a diameter of 110 mm. Metal triangles are welded to the posts to create spacers.
2. To ensure the movement of the structure to the horizontal base, rollers are welded on both sides of the racks. It is important to use rollers designed for metal containers because they can support a lot of weight.
3. A pipe is placed on top of the structure along which the lifting mechanism moves. The length of the pipe depends on the size of the garage and your own design requirements.
4. The roller for moving the cable is fixed to an I-beam, which is pre-welded in the center of the pipe.
5. For additional stability of the frame, a pipe with a square cross-section is welded to the beam. It is placed on top of the beam so that there is a 20 cm protrusion on each side.
6. The cross pipe is inserted into a pipe with a square cross-section and through openings are made for the clamps on both sides. Mounting bolts are inserted into the holes and tightened.

Installation of lifting mechanism

The main element of the crane is the lifting mechanism, which can be manual or automatic. The tefler consists of a cable and a winch installed on the side of the rack. The cable moves due to the rotation of the rollers. Additional fixation of the elements is not required; it is enough to secure the lift to the rack.

A self-made crane can be equipped with lifting equipment that is used in elevators. Such mechanisms are highly reliable and able to withstand massive objects.

To simplify repair work, it is possible to connect to a lifting element electric drive. To automate the design, a motor with a power of 300-500 W is suitable. The electric drive is mounted to the base of the crane beam.

The electrically driven design is wide application during large-scale garage repairs and car disassembly for spare parts, when a range of work needs to be performed. According to the principle of operation, manual and automated cranes do not have significant differences.

A movable and simpler stationary crane beam in the garage with your own hands is quite doable if you have a welding machine and two days of free time. For a professional auto repair shop, it is easier to buy ready-made lifting equipment.

If the need for a crane is rare, then it is cheaper to make a simple and reliable lift yourself. Such a homemade crane can easily lift a weight of up to 800 kg, and this is quite enough for repair work in the garage.

In order to make a frame for a small beam crane in a standard garage with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

• I-beam (4 - 4.5 meters) - the required footage depends on the height of the garage;
• pipe (diameter 10-12 cm), length 2.4 meters - 2 pieces;
• one square pipe (10x10 cm);
• corners (10x10);
• manual hoist and hoist;
• bolts (M16) with nuts.

If you plan to build a mobile crane beam, then you need four more rollers and a hoist.

The procedure for making a crane frame with your own hands:

• We weld the legs of the crane - you need to weld the corners on both sides to the I-beam pipe;
• The location of the corner is at an angle of 45 degrees. The result is a kind of stiffening ribs that will firmly fix the stand, which bears the bulk of the weight of the load carried by the crane;
• We weld two triangles and spacers on each crane post.

• if the crane is a mobile beam, then on both sides from the bottom, on each stand, a roller must be welded horizontally - ordinary rollers for metal containers will do, furniture rollers will not withstand the weight;
• At the top, we fix a pipe as a crossbar along which the lifting mechanism will move;
• We weld an I-beam in the center of the pipe to secure the roller along which it will move. steel rope crane lifting mechanism.

• above I-beam We weld a piece of a square pipe (to give rigidity to the frame) - 40 cm. The pipe should protrude on both sides by at least 20 cm. It turns out that the side post is located in the middle of the crossbar stiffening pipe;
• V square pipe insert the transverse pipe of the frame crossbar;
• We drill through holes for the fastening bolts on both sides of the square holder and in the crossbar pipe itself - we need rigid, reliable fixation on both sides of the vertical post.

The result is a U-shaped structure of the crane frame, which is installed on rigid legs with spacers, and a crossbar pipe is rigidly bolted to the top.

Installation of lifting mechanism - manual or automatic

To mechanically lift loads on the frame, you need to install manual hoist– worm winch and cable. How to attach the hoist to the frame:

• on the side of the rack we install a manual worm winch (load capacity 800 kg, no less);
• The steel cable moves along rollers.

This mechanism makes it easy to lift the engine or car by the hood on one side.

You can use the lifting mechanism and rollers from the elevator door as a drive. The rollers there are reliable and durable.

An electric lift drive can also be installed on the manufactured base. A 300 - 500 W motor will be quite enough for simple repair work in the garage.

Such cranes are often used for the repair and reconstruction of old wooden houses. The construction of a log house will go faster if the logs are laid using a mobile homemade crane. In this case, the width of the frame is the length of the logs.

You can also make a simpler lift for the engine, on one support, watch the video.

Sometimes when working under the hoods of cars, there is a need for the assistance of additional mechanisms that can help pull out or hang the engine, while leaving enough space in the hole under the car to access all parts of the car. Ideally, such a device that assists in car repairs should:

• do not clutter up the space in the garage;
• understand the constituent elements;
• be independent of the ceiling fixed eyebolt.

This is exactly the type of mechanism that a self-made crane beam is.

Video on making a crane beam with your own hands:

Construction of a crane beam for a garage with your own hands

1. As a result of performing all the steps described below, a crane beam will be built, which will look like this when assembled:

2. When disassembled, this garage tool will look like this:

The height of such a crane beam will be 250 cm, width - 415 cm. The base of the racks will have a size of 120 cm. All dimensions are designed to work with passenger cars. If a beam crane is needed to work with more massive vehicles, then it is better to strengthen the structure by making A-shaped vertical posts and additionally using gussets for the boom supports; the material used will have to have big sizes than those given.

3. We will use the following materials for the crane beam:

• a pipe with a diameter of 10 cm, which will serve as a transverse seamless rod;
• pipes with a diameter of 11 cm, which will act as rod supports;
• M:16 bolts for attaching to the rod supports;
• square pipe 10x10 cm, used as a stand;
• corner 10x10 cm for the base and bevels;
• rollers for the cable (you can use rollers from the elevator door drive).

4. The rollers are attached to a 5 cm strip, which is welded overlapping to the junction of the rod with the supports.

5. To ensure the mobility of the tool, rollers taken from containers used in warehouses are welded to the racks.

When folded out, this item takes up very little garage space.

6. The lifting mechanism is constructed from a manual worm winch with a capacity of 800 kg, having a steel cable, by welding it to a vertical stand.

Light jib cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 1 ton are indispensable when carrying out various electrical, installation and construction work. Thanks to their design, it is possible to install devices in various openings of a building or on ceilings, as well as to move them for convenient use. They are easy to assemble and install, and if necessary, they can be quickly disassembled into their component elements and moved to a suitable location.

The use of such structures is rational in the absence of the possibility of operating other types of hydraulic and hydraulic machines. There are many types of cranes with different designs. They are divided into stationary and mobile. The boom devices are equipped with one electric drive mechanism for moving the load. The crane operates by manual control.

Construction mini crane

You can independently create a variety of tools and devices that are so necessary for construction and other types of work. Despite the fact that the mini crane, made with your own hands, is characterized by a limited transportable load weight (no more than 250 kg), such a design will simplify the implementation of most construction work.

The main task is to select all the tools and parts necessary for creation and subsequent operation. The weight of the prefabricated device can reach up to 300 kg, depending on the materials used. At the same time, it has compact dimensions and the ability to move without preliminary disassembly using a car.

do it yourself: assembly

Using a worm-based gearbox, a cargo winch is formed. It can also provide the creation of a manual drive that simplifies the assembly of the boom winch. The basis for the screw extensions are construction supports. All the elements presented above form the basis of the design. In addition, drums for winches are needed. It is worth noting that they self-production not everyone can do it, since the process is complex and labor-intensive, as well as the need for specialized equipment and experience in carrying out such work.

The way out of the situation is rotors from an electric motor, which can be used as a basis and significantly simplify the task. Special attention should be given to the correspondence of the sizes of the elements used and the future device. To do this, additional measurements are taken using a ruler.

Additional items

To simplify movement, the platform is equipped with wheels. Elements from the conveyor cart may be useful. When creating the structure, you should not forget about this addition, since it is thanks to it that the simplest crane, assembled with your own hands, moves. To do this, you just need to remove the remote supporting elements, which does not cause any particular difficulties and is done in a short time. It is important to observe safety precautions, in particular the boom must be installed on zero level to prevent loss of balance and fall of the crane.

Peculiarities

The optimal boom height is 5 meters. For its manufacture, a pipe with a diameter of about 8 cm is used. A profile of two corners is mounted into the base. You also need to create a rotating mechanism to rotate and lift the boom; a car hub from any truck will do for this. vehicle. Not needed for counterweight special materials, since you can use standard bricks for them. You can create a crane with your own hands using both caterpillar tracks and a frame. The last element can be taken from an unused machine.

It is worth noting that there is no need for a brake for the turning mechanism and winch, since it is not needed during the operation of the crane, and the work finished device will be done at low speed.

Advantages of the design

Suitable for forming an external support structure and a common base. For the latter, according to experts, it will be optimal use channel by 200. The length of the thrust screws should be within 50 cm, due to which the crane can be mounted with its own hands on any surface, including big amount unevenness. Thus, there is no need to prepare the site on which the building is being built.

Difficulties sometimes arise with wheels, since loose soil they may not scroll well and burrow into it. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out work on hard ground. After completion of construction, the structure is disassembled into its component elements for storage.

What can be done for the garage

At self-repair cars often need to remove the engine, so many car owners are wondering how to make a crane with their own hands. The most simple option is a lift, the creation of which requires a hand winch, racks on triangular supports with wheels and a transverse pipe.

At the top of the racks, fasteners for the pipe are fixed by welding. It is welded to the vertical post and the rollers are mounted on the beam; subsequently they are used to move the cable. In this case, it is not necessary to purchase a winch, as you can do this design on one's own.

Such a device will not clutter up the space, it can be disassembled, and the cross beam and supports separately will not take up much space. The crane, created with your own hands for a garage, is capable of lifting and moving a load weighing no more than 800 kg. Its main advantage is that there is no need to purchase expensive materials.

Lift

As noted earlier, you can make a winch yourself. To do this, you will need a drum equipped with a cable; it must be fixed to a structure made of pipes with a square cross-section. A small sprocket with a chain drive is installed on the electric drive, and a large one is installed on the edge of the drum. To create a manual winch, a shaft equipped with a drum is supplemented with a handle.

To replace and repair most parts in a car, a platform or pit is required; if they are not available, you can use a lift. Despite the existing risks when working with such a device, its creation is justified by economic benefits and practical benefits.

An overhead trolley crane, assembled with a winch yourself, is the simplest option; the machine is installed on platforms after being raised to the desired height. There is also a scissor design, which is characterized by the absence of the possibility of cable breakage, which the previous option cannot guarantee.

Scissor crane

The base and platform of the scissor lift are made of channels. Two-piece distributor, pump, bushings, and are required for shears.

A self-made UAZ crane is capable of lifting loads weighing more than 500 kg. It can also be removed upon completion of work. The main purpose of the device is to fix retractable supports. The base of the structure is made of a thick-walled square, secured to the frame with several bolts. The retractable pores stay on the bumper and raise the rear of the car.

Crane “Pioneer”

The mechanism makes it possible to simplify the implementation of many repair and construction works, as well as to ensure the implementation of actions that cannot be performed without additional lifting devices. The design is suitable for loads of various volumes and sizes, and it can be installed on the floors of houses under construction, in pits and on the roof.

Among the main components it is worth noting the rotating and supporting frames, the control panel. The device does not cause any difficulties in the process of use and the application of significant physical effort. Management is within the power of every person, even those without relevant experience.

Many owners of private houses and summer cottages. Their spread is due to the fact that each part of the mechanism, regardless of its complexity, can be performed in the desired manner and with the necessary functionality. In addition to moving heavy loads such as monolithic blocks, such cranes enable the delivery of light objects to great heights.

Unfortunately, the creation of hydraulic devices is, as a rule, not possible. But, despite this, the crane (with your own hands), the photo of which is presented below, is easy to operate and has sufficient lifting capacity.

Assembly of the Pioneer crane

Many parts can be found, surprisingly, in a landfill. For homemade mechanism the main components are rectangular pipe and I-beam. It is important that the latter fits easily into the pipe. To create a telescopic unit for an I-beam, sliding guides are made. It is worth noting that they must be lubricated special compounds to reduce friction.

For the device to function, cables with a small diameter are also required. They can be purchased at hardware store. A channel is often used to secure the rotating and supporting frames. It also ensures that the device can be firmly mounted on any surface. As a rule, it is the roof of a building under construction. In accordance with safety regulations, it is required to make a rectangular platform as ballast, and it will reduce the likelihood of problems while the crane, assembled with your own hands, is in operation. An electric motor connected to a winch is used to start the lifting process.

Experienced car owners say that a crane beam is rarely needed in the garage, but if it is needed, there is nothing to replace it with. It is used for removing and installing the engine, and less often for moving other loads. Purchased mechanisms are expensive and take up a lot of space, so the best solution for a private craftsman is a do-it-yourself beam crane made from scrap materials.

In order to make a garage lift with your own hands, you will need:

1. For racks - pipe with a cross-section of 100x100, length 2350 mm - 2 pcs.
2. For the cross rod - round pipe with a diameter of 100 mm and a length of 4150 mm.
3. For supports - pipe round diameter 110 mm and 600 mm long – 2 pcs.
4. For bases and diagonal supports - corner 100x100 mm.
5. Bolts M 16 for attaching supports to rods.
6. Wheels (for example, from a warehouse cart) – 4 pcs.
7. Manual winch with a lifting capacity of up to 1 ton.
8. Cable and rollers (for example, from an elevator door drive).

Dimensions are approximate and subject to adjustment to suit the size of your garage.

A beam crane is necessary for moving various loads

Crane beam device

The mechanism is a U-shaped structure (bridge) with a lifting mechanism. In large auto repair shops, both parts may be movable. The bridge moves on rails, the lift moves on a span beam. In garages, to save space, rails are not laid, and the bridge is equipped with wheels.

The crane beam structure consists of supports, a span beam and a lifting mechanism. The supports are welded from metal pipes and channel. A manual or, less commonly, electric winch is used as a lifting mechanism.

Girder cranes are of the "floor operated" type, as opposed to those that are handled from a cab. To make the mechanic's work easier garage crane can be equipped with an electric winch. This will increase manufacturing and maintenance costs, but if it is necessary to frequently dismantle engines and other heavy units, it will pay for itself. IN rural areas where there are power outages, insufficient power or voltage surges, it is worth giving preference manual winch. Especially when it comes to personal garage, and not a private workshop.

Above we looked at what a beam crane consists of: supports, a span beam and a hoist. Manufacturing takes place in several stages:

1. Cook vertical supports in the form of an inverted T with two diagonal supports.
2. Weld the span pipe to form a U-shaped structure.
3. Install the wheels.
4. Weld a winch to one of the side supports.
5. Install lifting mechanism: fix the rollers, stretch the cable and hang the hook.

Ready-made drawings can be found online, but it’s easier to make it yourself by adjusting the product to the size of the garage.

Crane drawing

If for some reason this type of lift is not suitable, you can make a goose garage crane with your own hands - it will take even less time. The goose crane has an L-shape, where vertical stand equipped with a jack, not a winch. It is rolled under the car from the front and the engine is raised by pumping a hydraulic jack. The boom moves upward and lifts the load.

Another interesting solution, which will help save space - a suspended crane beam. Unlike supporting structure, described above, the span beam is attached to the ceiling by means of a rail (I-beam). This option requires sufficient ceiling height and building strength.

All devices must be tested with a load 20% greater than the maximum intended load.