Types of powder paint coatings. Powder special paint moiré Powder painting moiré

Unlike conventional liquid paint coatings, powder paint allows you to create many different protective and decorative effects. Let's look at some of them.

Zinc powder primer.

If the product will be used in difficult conditions and aggressive environments, it is recommended to apply preliminary protective covering. Galvanizing with powder primer is great way protect the metal surface from external influences and prevent corrosion. Powdered zinc primer contains up to 80% zinc, which creates a protective oxide film. When applying such a coating, it is recommended to clean the surface by sandblasting. Any powder paint can be applied over the powder coating.

Glossy or matte powder coating.

Powder paint allows you to achieve different degrees of surface gloss. This effect is created due to the different content of transparent powder particles contained in the powder paint. According to this indicator, coatings are divided into several categories:

• Gloss - from 70 to 90% gloss
• Semi-gloss - from 40 to 70% gloss
• Semi-matte - from 25 to 40% gloss
• Matt - from 10 to 25% gloss
• Deep matte - up to 10% gloss

The choice of one or another degree of gloss is best done while holding samples in hand. various coatings, so how are u different manufacturers Gloss levels may vary.

Covering Shagreen.

This coating has excellent decorative properties. In addition, shagreen hides minor defects surface to be painted. The shagreen coating has a texture reminiscent of the peel of an orange or lemon.

This effect is created due to special particles, which swell during polymerization and form a special coating texture.

Examples of shagreen coating.

Antique coating.

Besides the magnificent protective properties, powder coating can give the product a wonderful and unique look. One way is to apply a layer of paint that imitates antique copper, silver or bronze. Currently, many manufacturers of powder paints create real masterpieces that make it possible to give any metal the nobility and mystery of antiquity. This coating is often used to create decorative items. For greater stability, it is recommended to coat such coatings protective layer transparent powder varnish.

Examples of Antique powder coatings

Bronze	Copper	Silver	Gold	Blue	Green

Moire coating.

Moire coating is perhaps the most beautiful of powder coatings. In texture, moiré resembles fine sandpaper. The colors of the moire coating can be any.

The most preferred colors for this type of coating are black or white. Moiré coating is often used to create unique interior metal products. Like shagreen, moire coating can hide minor defects on the surface of a metal product.

Along with silk, velvet, satin and brocade, the hero of our today’s article rightfully takes its place among materials associated with luxury and wealth. Moire fabric is one of the most elegant fabrics, exquisite shine and the almost holographic patterns have served as inspiration for many artists and poets.

Photos close up:

Description and history

How can you describe moire? The main difference between moire is its special pattern, similar to wood layers or waves. The unusual nature of moire even gave rise to the term “moire effect.” And the name itself - “moiret” - translated from French means “creating waves”. And this definition fully gives an idea of ​​the “moire effect”.

Initially, moire fabric was silk; this fabric began to be produced in France at the end of the 18th century. At that time, the material personified luxury and was available only to the richest people. Luxurious ladies' and men's toiletries and wedding dresses were made from moire fabric. And the moire ribbon, in itself, was considered a badge of honor worn on the chest.

To tell everything about moire, you would need a whole book - like this rich story at this material.

In the photo - moiré fabric:

So what is moiré material? This is a plain weave fabric, which is created from silk, cotton or synthetic threads. The thickness of the moire and its density can be different, but the canvas is always monochromatic.

How is a moire pattern created on fabric? The fabric undergoes a calendering procedure - treatment with highly heated cylinders, which compress the weft threads and move them to the side. This deformation creates the effect of light refraction, and the displacement creates exquisite patterns.

You can purchase material consisting of polyester at a price of 800 rubles.

The cost of material made from natural fiber starts from 3,500 rubles.

Compound

Previously, the material was made either entirely from silk, or from silk thread in the warp, and cotton thread in the weft. As the textile industry developed and inventions synthetic fiber

, the material contained polyester, as well as acetate and viscose - fibers based on wood cellulose.

Kinds

• Actually, there are only two types:
• Grimoire. Dense material with fine optical patterns and bright tints.

Moiret antique. Thin material with voluminous large shimmers

Velvet moire

Perhaps we’ll add a few words about the velvet-moiré fabric. This is a material that is visually similar to the hero of our article, but has nothing in common with it in terms of production method. In the description of velvet-moire fabric you will find the same moire patterns, but they do not appear on the fabric using the calendering method.

So what is velvet moiré fabric? This is a fabric with thick pile, where the pattern is obtained by combining fibers of different colors and lengths.

Find out what helps him to be so beautiful in another article.

Properties:

• Positive characteristics
• Exquisite and elegant appearance
• The material holds its shape perfectly
• Highly durable

Draps well

• Flaws:
• Difficulties in care

If stored incorrectly, permanent creases form on the fabric, which are then very difficult to get rid of.

Application

• Moiré fabric is a classic that will never go out of style. It is still widely used:
• Evening dresses and wedding dresses
• Concert costumes
• As a binding material for luxury gift folios
• Curtains, drapes
• Marks of Excellence

Furniture upholstery (with the condition that the furniture will not be used every day)

1. Care
2. If the material is made of natural silk, and therefore expensive, it is better to entrust the cleaning to professionals
3. You can care for fabrics of a lower class at home - hand wash in water no more than 30 degrees, do not rub or twist too much
4. Iron from the wrong side, waiting until the product is completely dry
5. Store hung or carefully folded If creases have formed as a result of storage, the product should be held over steam in, and then iron it from the inside out

You may have already seen moire in images - it's a strange wave-like pattern that doesn't appear on the subject.

This effect occurs when an image of an object with many details, such as lines, is superimposed on the pattern of pixels on the matrix.

As a result, it is most often seen in detailed, high-contrast images of patterns. It usually appears when photographing fabric, hair, or scenes that contain repeating details, such as pronounced vertical lines in architecture.

As you can see in the picture, when two patterns are superimposed on each other, moiré is formed.

What is color distortion?

This term is used to refer to those colors in a digital image that differ from the actual colors of the object. The light coming from an object is not detected by all RGB color sensors, which causes the stored colors to change. On digital images Moire and color distortion usually appear together.

In the image above, the U-shaped pattern on the slate wall is the result of moire. In addition, there are areas of red color in the image, which are the result of color distortion.

In many digital cameras An optical low-pass filter is used to reduce aliasing and color distortion.

By understanding the nature of these effects and why they occur, these problems can be minimized during shooting or editing.

1. Change the shooting angle and the distance between the camera and the subject.

Since the effects of distortion are affected by the angle at which you shoot and the distance between the camera and your subject, small changes can eliminate or reduce these imperfections. Move the camera left or right, up or down, or move a little closer or further away.

2. Change the focus point.

The reasons for the occurrence of moire and color distortion are very sharp focusing and high detail of the patterns. By manually adjusting the lens and setting the focus slightly in front or behind the focus point, you can avoid such effects.

3. Change the focal length using a different lens.

4. Decrease the lens aperture.

MTF chart with resolution values ​​for lenses with different meanings diaphragm.

The optimal resolution for each lens is achieved at a certain aperture value (in the graph this is f/8). Optimal resolution is usually achieved by setting the aperture value 2-3 stops below the maximum.

Excessive diaphragm closure (beyond optimal resolution) will lead to diffraction. In this case, the resolution will decrease slightly, but at the same time the distortion effects will also decrease.

To check whether there are such phenomena in the picture, it is best to view the images on a computer screen in full size(100 %). When pictures are reduced in size, false moire and color distortion may occur due to the pattern on the monitor tube (or panel).

These effects can appear in images from all digital cameras and scanners, but are more likely to appear in images from digital cameras. SLR cameras, since in this case the lens, matrix and software designed to provide the sharpest, most accurate images possible.

Distortion may not be eliminated, but it can be reduced if you know under what circumstances it occurs. this problem, and how to eliminate it.

The word "moire" or "moire" on French indicate an iridescent pattern reminiscent of frozen waves or tree rings. Silk plain fabric with a relief “moiré” surface, creating great game light and shadow. Initially, moire fabric was made only from high-quality silk. Today it can be semi-silk and even completely artificial, but it continues to remain just as mysteriously beautiful.

A little history

There is no reliable information about who owns the honor of creating moire. What is known is that its history stretches back to the Middle Ages, and silk fabrics with an optical effect came to Europe from the East about four centuries ago. Judging by the descriptions, there were two types of oriental moire: from plain silk and from silk with additional silver or golden threads woven in, which increased the cost of the fabric several times. Traders called this wavy-shimmering textile “obyar”, from the Persian “ob” - water. Only very wealthy people could afford to sew such clothes. Today it can only be found in museum photographs.

The first European country to master the production of moire fabric was France. The French analogue has neither quality nor appearance was not inferior to the eastern primary source, successfully competed with it and already in early XVII centuries conquered not only all of Europe, but also Russia, where in early XIX centuries began to weave their own “Russian” moiré. Long years, right up to the beginning of the First World War, this material was rightfully considered one of the most beautiful, and every society beauty was sure to have at least one moire dress in her wardrobe.

Victor Schramm (1865-1929) Before the ball.

Production Features

The secret to obtaining a moire pattern was that plain weave silk is calendered: passed through heated steel engraving cylinders under high pressure(up to 35 tons). They flatten the weft threads, changing their structure and directing the fibers in a different direction. Thanks to this deformation, a wavy pattern that is iridescent and unique in its lines appears on the silk surface, reminiscent of waves or rings on an oblique cut of wood.

Calendering of silk fabric.

Threads for making moire fabrics are dyed in advance. Therefore, canvases of this type can be various densities and thickness, but always have a single color.

Later, fabric with iridescence began to be made based not only on silk, but also on many other materials, such as satin, jacquard, velvet, organza, velor, polyester. They are woven from fibers of various origins: silk, semi-silk, cotton, viscose, acetate, and they have one thing in common - a moiré pattern on the surface.

There are two types of moire:

1. Moiré antique. Features a voluminous pattern. Its surface shimmers in the light with a bright matte shine due to a special technology of weaving threads. Using this technique, you can achieve catchy streaks and sharp transitions from light colors to the dark ones.
2. Gromoire. Thick silk fabric High Quality with chaotic, clearly distinguishable large overflows, made directly by the calendering method.

The brighter and clearer the moire tint, the higher the value of the fabric.

Gromoire is 100% silk fabric of the highest quality.
Moiré tablecloth fabric made of 100% polyester.
Organza moire for curtains made of 100% polyester.
Moire satin jacquard made of mixed fibers for sewing men's shirts.
The moiré surface is unique game color and light, which depends on the angle at which you look at it.

Of the numerous family of moire fabrics, velvet can be especially distinguished - modern variety this magnificent pile textile, a flexible material that flows beautifully in draperies. The play of color, light and shadow on the velvet surface looks very impressive. Velvet, like any other moire, can be either natural (cotton) or synthetic (polyester). Sometimes elastic threads are added to it. This fabric stretches well and is ideal for sewing evening dresses.
Velvet moiré - natural or artificial material with fine pile and spectacular tints.

Application areas of moire

Despite the difference in density and fiber composition, moiré fabrics have a number of general benefits, thanks to which they are always in demand both in tailoring and in interior design. Their main advantages include:

• exquisite appearance;
• excellent drapability;
• ability to keep fit;
• strength and wear resistance.

As mentioned above, iridescent fabric has such a good texture that it does not need to be patterned. It is produced plain-colored, using all the richness of colors and shades.

In the XVIII-XIX centuries. moire was incredibly popular. On the canvases of some painters who worked in those days, it could be seen everywhere. They depict ladies in moire dresses, relaxing in rooms with windows decorated with curtains that shimmer in the light, furnished with furniture with patterned upholstery and walls upholstered in reflective fabric.

Fragment of an ancient women's dress from the gromoire.

Today, the area of ​​application of moire is also very diverse. It is made from:

• home textiles (drapes, curtains, bedspreads and pillowcases, tablecloths);
• festive clothes (wedding and evening dresses and suits, women's blouses and men's shirts);
• outfits in pop art and retro style;
• all kinds of accessories (clutch bags, ribbons, ball shoes, ties);
• upholstery for elegant furniture not for everyday use.

Evening suit from Versace in semi-silk moire antique.
Magnificent Wedding Dress made of silk and organza.

From moiré textiles you can create clothes and decor of any cut, but color transitions look most advantageous when large enough smooth surface without structural seams.

It should be remembered that the moiré pattern deteriorates from constant friction, so such fabrics are not the most the best material sewing furniture covers and trousers.

Unknown artist. Portrait of Field Marshal Count A.V. Suvorov (1730 – 1800)

Another use of moire fabric, or rather gromoire, which cannot be kept silent about, is award and order ribbons. Most states have orders of them. Each award is awarded with a ribbon of a specific color or combination of colored stripes.

How to care for moire fabrics

In order for moire products to maintain a presentable appearance for as long as possible, they need to be looked after carefully:

• It is better to dry clean expensive silk items;
• automatic washing is possible only in delicate mode, at a temperature of 30 degrees, without spinning;
• acetate and polyester curtains with a moire pattern are washed by hand, without rubbing or twisting;
• detergents for washing, you should take the softest ones, for example biogels;
• drying is recommended flat surface unfolded, away from heating devices and bright sun;
• ironing temperature is selected in accordance with the composition of the material;
• iron moire products only from the wrong side;
• moire should not be wetted when ironing - drops of water leave noticeable stains on its surface;
• creases easily form on such things, so you need to straighten them out as carefully as possible before drying;
• the resulting creases can be carefully straightened over steam;
• Moire home textiles are stored neatly folded and items hung on hangers.

Subject to proper care Products made from elegant moire textiles will serve for a very long time without losing their appearance.

Moire fabric is a wonderful way to create a holiday. Its exquisite dynamic tints form a special visual image and fill the space with luxury and a sense of inner freedom, so it wouldn’t hurt to have at least one moire item in every home or wardrobe. The moment when it will come in handy will definitely come.

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Powder paints are now used for decoration big view surfaces. Sometimes we may not even notice that the structure in front of us was painted using powder paint. This, in turn, affects a large assortment presented products, each element of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. However, in most cases, the choice of powder paint type is determined by the scope of its application or, more precisely, the type of application surface. So, if you plan to place the structure outdoors, then the best method is powder painting with a polyester mixture, since it better protects the surface from sun rays and others weather conditions. In turn, epoxy analogues are suitable if increased resistance to chemical, acid or alkaline influences is required. Finally, epoxy-polyester combinations are great for indoor use. They not only lie very easily and evenly on the surface, but also allow you to create various types of textures that open up great opportunities for decorating a room and creating a unique interior. Despite such diversity possible options, the most popular among painting specialists today is moiré powder paint, which after spraying resembles to the touch orange peel. This popularity is due to several fundamental factors that distinguish this type raw materials from most of their analogues.

In general, the consistency of moiré can be compared to very fine sandpaper. At the same time, the surface is velvety and shiny to the touch. In this case, the degree of gloss is adjusted by changing the saturation of the consistency of the paint composition. The minimum value is 20%, and the maximum is 40%.

The main advantage of moire powder paint for metal is that it can easily hide any small defects on the metal surface. This is often the decisive factor when faced with a choice between painting or replacing a particular part. Moiré gives the surface a matte tint, which appears already at a distance of only half a meter, which makes it a choice when there is insufficient funds for real matte powder paint. By the way, the price of moiré paint is on average lower than any other analogue, which again is an argument in favor of choosing this particular type of powder raw material. Another advantage is that moiré powder paint very flexible to mixing with various additives, which cannot be said about most other analogues. Thanks to this, developments are currently underway to create special type moiré powder paint, which will have anti-vandal properties. In other words, surfaces coated with this coating will have increased strength and scratch resistance. This discovery should be a breakthrough in the automotive industry, which is why today they are investing in these developments large amounts investors. In addition, the possibility of mixing significantly expands the boundaries of the use of moiré powder paint. True, experts note that in pure form this raw material is applied much better and creates more high-quality coating, which cannot be said about its mixed modifications. That is why moire cannot yet compete at a decent level with other types of powder paint that are used in specific application conditions. In addition, this powder raw material still does not make it possible to create a smooth surface, which is so valued in decorative arts. By the way, the roughness of the texture leads to another drawback, which is susceptibility to the rapid accumulation of dust, which complicates the process of caring for such a surface. However, in general moiré powder paint has the best characteristics of its kind, which make it so popular with many companies that specialize in coloring. Perhaps in the near future experts will find ways to level out the indicated disadvantages moire paints, and this one