Theory nn nn in different parts of speech. Spelling of case and gender endings
1. Suffix -N- is written:
· In adjectives formed from nouns using the suffixes –AN-, -IN-, -YAN-: leather – leather, goose – goose, silver – silver.EXCEPTIONS: wooden, tin, glass.
· In adjectives and participles formed from verbs not perfect form that do not have dependent words: forged, loaded, baked, gilded, smoked.EXCEPTIONS:
seen, given, done, desired, cutesy, slow, pecked, sacred, heard, arrogant.
· In adjectives with the prefix NOT-: quicklime, uninvited, uncut, unbleached, unworn. EXCEPTIONS:
unexpected, unforeseen, unheard of, unseen, unexpected, unseen.
· In short forms of participles passive voice past tense: sown, filled, set, excited.
· In short adjectives and in adverbs formed from full adjectives with -H-: confused - confused, mad - furiously, gilded - gilded, ruddy - rouge, young - yuna.
· In adjectives related to non-derivatives: crimson, green, blue, ruddy, young, and also in some other adjectives: mutton, single, pork, smart.
2. Suffix -NN- is written:
· In adjectives formed from nouns ending in -H: long, valuable, captivating, picturesque.
· In adjectives with suffixes -ONN-/-ENN-: propaganda, station, cranberry, straw.
· In adjectives formed from perfective verbs, usually with prefixes or dependent words: frozen, mowed, forged, smoked, purchased, dried in the sun. EXCEPTIONS: named brother, imprisoned father, dowry.
· In adjectives formed from verbs ending in -OVAT/EVAT: uprooted, motivated.
· In adjectives formed from nouns ending in -МЯ: nominal, seed, temporary, parietal.
· In short adjectives and adverbs formed from full adjectives with -НН-: inspired, excited, educated(those. literate).
NOTE:
1. In some cases, the spelling of adjectives with -N- or -NN- is determined by the semantics of the word.
wind have:
suffix -YAN- if they define an object powered by wind ( windmill);
the suffix -EN- if they define an object containing wind (windy day, windy girl);
suffix -ENN- in all prefixes (windless, leeward, weathered).
Adjectives from the generating stem oil have:
suffix -YAN- if they define something that is cooked in oil, or something that runs in oil ( Oil paint, oil pump);
suffix -EN- if they define something that is specially spread with butter (butter pancakes, butter cakes, hence Maslenitsa, this also includes the metaphorical epithet buttered eyes);
suffix -ENH- in participles and adjectives with dependent words (hands oiled with cream, oily sweatshirt).
2. It is necessary to distinguish between the forms of a short adjective and short communion as a predicate: the girl is brought up - the girl was raised by her grandmother; the woman is educated – the department was founded last year; the group is organized in all matters - the conference is organized by the department.
Questions for control:
Assignments on the topic:
Exercise 1. Form verb forms whose suffixes retain the vowel infinitive.
Depend, fold, knead, stir, deflate, roll out.
Task 2. Explain how the words in pairs differ. Using reference material, explain their spelling.
To decorate - to paint, to be late - to participate, to count - to advise, to manage - to admonish, to confess - to educate, to dance - to hum.
Task 3. Write down, highlighting spellings and grouping words in columns:
1) valid prib. present vr., 2) suffering. prib. present vr., 3) actual. prib. pr. vr., 4) suffer. prib. pr. vr. Explain the spelling of words according to the diagram (see "Reference Material").
creeping, barking, barking, chasing, noticing, noticed, kneaded (in dough) - kneaded (dough), sawing, piercing, struggling, developed, cherished, pumped out (oil from a barrel) - pumped out (from a barrel barrel), provided, hung (in the gallery of paintings), hung (a kilogram of sugar), traveled, well-trodden, fanned, provided, healing, adhesive, glued, enduring, loving, dispelled, traveled, dependent, breathing, watering.
Task 4. Insert the missing letters and justify your choice.
A job corrected by someone, a load dropped, paths cleared; the building is about to be built...but; alarmed...by unpleasant news, crowned with laurels, scattered rays, an unnoticed friend, tangled hare tracks, leaf-strewn alleys of a coastal park, offended by someone... that girl, wasted time; the snow melted unexpectedly, without offending anyone.
Task 5. Insert the missing letters.
Nurtured, kneaded (dough), dropped, noticed, engaged, significant, studied..my, cherished, chalked. ..unpreserved, underweight (grain), underweight (curtains), independent, hated...my, offended...my, justified...my, celebrated, transferred..., shot... (deer), shot... (gun), shot... (traitors), scattered..., dispersed, heard... , creeping, dragging, dragging, lost, crowned.
Task 6. Explain the difference in spelling of words in paired phrases.
The woman is smart and educated. - The commission was formed the other day.
The children were inattentive and absent-minded. - The troops were scattered throughout the forest. He says depressed. “The uprising was suppressed.” The decision was hasty and ill-considered. - The decision has not been thought through by anyone. Sauerkraut- pickled cabbage for the winter. Unmown meadow. - Mowed meadow. Come to a dinner party. - Uninvited guests. sworn brother. - Named after you. Windy day. - Calm day.
Remember:uninvited n oh, name n oh, unseen nn oh, unheard of nn oh, unexpectedly nn oh-badass nn O
Task 7. Replace the dots with the missing letters. Explain why in some cases we write N,in others - NN.
Bee...honey, wheat...porridge, with condensed...milk, oil...stain; painting, rice:... with oil paints; a clay vase, a wooden building, located in a guest...ice, noticeable shortcomings, a rye...field sown, a meadow not yet mown, some sort of ...things hanging...in the wardrobe...about the target...harvest, the girl is very educated...and, far away...draw a broken line, silver and gold... jewelry, a wounded man, a seriously wounded fighter, at dawn.
Spelling N and NN in nouns
In derived nouns n
or nn
written depending on the morphemes with which nouns are formed, or in accordance with the stem from which they are derived. 1. nn is written:
1) if the root of the word ends in n and the suffix begins with n: elder-nick (elderberry), druzhin-nick (druzhina), malin-nick (raspberry), swindler-nick (moshna), aspen-nick (aspen), rowan-nick (rowan); besdorn-nits-a (dowry), besson-nits-a (sleep), zvon-nits-a (ringing), log-nits-a (log);
2) if the noun is formed from an adjective with nn, or from a participle: soreness (painful), agitation (excited), hryvnia (kryvnia), power of attorney (confided), cutesy (prissy), spoiled (spoiled), izbn-ik (chosen), exiled (exiled), konn-itsa (horse), koren-ik (indigenous), larch-itsa (deciduous), accident (accidental), education (educated), obshchestven-ik (public), organization ( organized), plenn-ik (captive), possan-ik (sent), privileged-ist (privileged), proizvodstven-ik (productive), millet-ik (millet), crafts-ik (craft), sotsanny-ik (related ), sacred-ik (sacred), seminal-ik (seminal), sov-ik (own), sovrem-ik (modern), coherence (coordinated), nebula (foggy).
2. N written in words: bagryan-itsa (crimson), varen-ik (boiled), windy-ost, windy-ik, windy-itsa (windy), gostin-itsa (living room), drovyan-ik (wood-burning), konoplyan-ik (hemp) , kopchen-ost (smoked), kostyan-ika (bone), maslen-itsa (oily), wiser-ost (sophisticated), ovsyan-itsa (oatmeal), peat-ik (peaty), smyshlen-ost (smart) and etc., as well as in the words alder-nik, omshan-ik.
Spelling Н and НН in suffixes of denominal adjectives (formed from the name of a noun)
1. Nn is written:1) for adjectives formed from nouns using suffixes -enn-, -onn-: artificial, cranberry, straw, operating, session, station and etc.; This also includes adjectives formed from nouns ending in mya (time, flame, etc.): temporary, fiery, seed, nominal, tribal etc.
In an adjective windy one is written n , since it is formed not from the noun wind, but from the verb wind using a suffix -n- , which does not contradict the spelling rule n in verbal adjectives: weathered, weathered, windswept- formed from verbs;
2) for adjectives formed from adjectives using a suffix -enn-, indicating a large measure of a sign: tall, hefty, wide and etc;
3) for adjectives formed from nouns with base on n(second -n- adjective suffix): long (length), true (true), millionth (million), ancient (antique), canvas (canvas) and etc.
Adjectives like mutton, carp, seal are written with one n , since they are formed from nouns with a stem in n by adding a suffix -j- .
Words spicy, rosy, youthful written with one n (non-derivative adjectives); in words derived from them, one n is also written: spice, ruddy, blush, youth(But: youth, since this word is formed from the combination young naturalist).
2. N is written on adjectives formed from nouns using suffixes -in-, -an-, -yang- : pigeon(pigeon), goose(goose), chicken, eagle, swan, leather(leather), sandy(sand), cereous(wax), linen(canvas), silver, wood-burning and etc.
Exceptions: glass, tin, wood.
It is necessary to distinguish between adjectives, the spelling of which depends on their meaning:
A) windy- “accompanied by the wind, with the wind” (windy weather), “frivolous” - transl. (fickle girl, youth); wind- “powered by the force of the wind” ( wind turbine, pump, mill); in combination chickenpox the adjective is written with a suffix -yan- , cf.: chickenpox- decomposition;
b) buttery- “soaked in oil, lubricated, stained with oil” ( butter pancakes, porridge, hands), trans. ( oily eyes, oily voice, also: Shrovetide week - Maslenitsa); oil- “for oil, from oil, in oil” ( oil cookies, oil paint, oil engine, pump and so on.); compare: oil bottle(“intended for oil”) and buttery bottle(“stained with oil”);
V) silver- “subjected to silvering, covered with silver” (silver spoon); silver- “made of silver” (silver spoon);
G) salty- “containing salt” ( salty fish); salt- “consisting of salt” ( salt mine, salt pillar). In combination salt acid is written as a suffix on the adjective -yan- .
Spelling N and NN in verbal adjectives and participles
Full forms
Written with nn suffixes of full forms of passive past participles: -nn- And -yonn- (-enn- ). Adjectives correlative to them in form are written in some cases also with nn in a suffix, in others - with one n .
1. Written with nn participles and adjectives -ovanny, -evanny, -evanny(formed from verbs in -ow, -eat), For example: pampered, uprooted, lined, painted, organized; uprooted, spoiled, painted over, lined, reorganized.
2. Also written with nn communion not on -ovated(-evanny, – evanny) verbs perfect form and correlative adjectives; the vast majority of such verbs contain a prefix.
a) Examples of forms formed from prefixed verbs: bleached, washed, knitted, fried, written on, dyed, peeled, scolded, dyed, counted, unraveled, made.
b) A list of forms of native verbs without prefixes, as well as some verbs in which the prefix can only be distinguished etymologically: abandoned, given, finished, bought, deprived, captured, forgiven, abandoned, decided, captured, revealed; met, started, offended, acquired, obliged, visited, supplied.
Forms are also written according to this rule. two-species(having the meaning of both perfective and imperfective forms) verbs to marry, bequeath, promise, execute, give birth: married, bequeathed, promised, executed, born.
Exceptions. n Are written with one adjectives correlative with participial forms in the following stable combinations: dead man, named brother, named sister, imprisoned father, imprisoned mother, .
Forgiveness Sunday -ovated(3. Participles are not on) verbs -evanny, -evanny imperfect form nn (they are formed only from prefixless verbs) and the adjectives correlative with them are written differently: participles with n , adjectives – with one , For example: And carts loaded with firewood, fish fried in oil, an oil painting, hair cut by a barber short hair, dyed green paint benches, a floor that has not been swept for a long time, walls that have not yet been whitewashed, money that has already been counted more than once, an offer made many times ; But: loaded barge, Fried fish, written beauty, cut hair, painted benches, swept floor, whitewashed walls, a few minutes, feigned indifference ; similarly And knitted And knitted, ironed And ironed, woven And braided, brushed cleaned ; also written: And chewed And chewed, pecked And pecking, forged.
forged According to this rule, forms of two-type verbs are written And concuss, baptize injure . Wed: a shell-shocked soldier, a seriously wounded soldier, a soldier wounded in the leg, a newly baptized baby , But:.
shell-shocked commander, wounded soldier, baptized child As can be seen from the examples, the participle is recognized by the presence of dependent words. There are, however, rare cases when the dependent word is not a sign of the participle. For example, you should write:(his mustache is clearly dyed obviously artificial , where is the word obviously used with an adjective);(the walls, previously whitewashed, are now covered with green paint).
In words with the prefix not-, in compound words and in some combinations? repetitions, the forms of participles and adjectives are written in the same way as in a separate (without a prefix and not as part of a compound word or repetition combination) use .
Examples:
1. Words with a prefix Not- :
Written with nn : uneducated, unlined, untested, unfinished, unbought, unforgiven ;
Written with n : unbleached, unironed, uninvited, unforged, unfed, unpainted, unmeasured, unpaved, unplowed, uninvited, uncounted.
2. Difficult words:
Written with nn : highly qualified, fully stamped, acquired, freshly painted, purposeful, born blind, insane;
Written with n : plain dyed, homespun, finely crushed, impostor, seriously wounded, whole-cut .
3. Repeat combinations with a prefix re- in the second part, having an intensifying meaning. In them, the second part is written in the same way as the first (with nn or n ), For example:
Written with nn : mortgaged-remortgaged, resolved-resolved ;
Written with n : patched-re-patched, washed-re-washed, mended-re-fixed, read-re-read, darned-re-darned.
Exceptions. nn Written with n :
instead of a) adjectives desired, awaited and (as part of stable combinations) has it been seen before?; Is it unheard of? They are formed from imperfect verbs And wish, wait .
see, hear Special cases: adjectives put on flooded sea ; they are formed from imperfect prefix verbs put on, pour out - , i.e. from verbs with a suffix va-
, which do not naturally form passive past participles; b) adjectives with a prefix not-: unknown, unseen, unforeseen, unwanted, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected, unheard of, unexpected and (consisting of) sustainable combination;
watchful eye c) compound adjectives not-: unknown, unseen, unforeseen, unwanted, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected, unheard of, unexpected long-awaited, home-grown) own name.
Andrew the First-Called
The second parts of these prefixed and compound adjectives also correspond to imperfective verbs.Short forms Short forms of passive past participles are written with one n , For example: read, read, read, read; read, read, read, read; tagged, tagged, tagged, tagged; marked, marked, marked, marked . Neuter forms are also written in impersonal use, for example: .
smoked, polluted, driven, walked, driven-crossed, walked-crossed Short forms (except for the masculine form) adjectives with a qualitative meaning, coinciding in form with the passive participles of the past tense of perfective verbs, , adjectives – with one written with nn(from adjective well-mannered‘discovering the results of good education’); spoiled, spoiled, spoiled(from adjective spoiled‘accustomed to fulfilling one’s whims’); sublime, sublime, sublime(from adjective exalted‘full of high content’). Such adjectives have the forms comparative degree: more educated, more spoiled, more elevated.
Compare in pairs following examples with short forms of participles and adjectives: She was raised by a distant relative . – She has good manners and is well-mannered. She's spoiled good conditions – She is capricious and spoiled.
Brief adjective forms na-ny are written with one n , if these adjectives require dependent words and do not have a comparative form. Examples: attached to someone‘attached’ – She is very attached to him; full of something‘full, imbued’ – The soul is filled with sadness; heard about something‘well-informed’ – We've heard a lot about his tricks.
Some adjectives have different meanings short forms spelled differently. For example, different spellings of short forms of the word devotee: She is kind and loyal And She's dedicated. In the first example devoted- same adjective as educated, spoiled, sublime, it has a comparative degree more faithful; in the second - the same as attached, fulfilled, heard(requires dependent words: to anyone, anything).
Short forms of adjectives, expressing different emotional states, can be written with n or with nn depending on the conveyed shades of meaning. For example: She's excited(she feels nervous) – Her speech is excited(her speech reveals, expresses excitement). In the first case, it is also possible to write excited(which would emphasize that her appearance expresses excitement), and in the second case the writing excited impossible (since speech cannot ‘experience excitement’).
In difficult cases of distinguishing such short forms, one should refer to the academic “Russian Spelling Dictionary”.
Short forms of complex adjectives, the second parts of which coincide with the participles on -ny, written with n or nn depending on the value. Adjectives expressing characteristics that can be manifested to a greater or lesser extent, i.e. forming comparative forms, have short forms (except for the masculine form) with nn ; adjectives that do not allow comparative forms in meaning have short forms with one n Short forms of passive past participles are written with one n
well-mannered, -no, -nny; landscaped, -no, -nny; self-confident, -no, -nny; purposeful, -no, -nny; purposeful, -no, -nny(there are comparative forms more well-mannered, more comfortable, more self-confident, more purposeful, more purposeful);
interconnected, -but, -us; interdependent, -but, -us; generally recognized, -but, -us; contraindicated, -but, -we(no forms of comparative degree).
Short forms of adjectives with a qualitative meaning, the full forms of which are conveyed in writing with one n , are written in the same way as complete ones. For example: done, done, done(from made‘unnatural, forced’); prostitute, confused, prostitutes(from confused‘illogical, confusing’); scientist, scientist, scientists(from scientist‘knowing something thoroughly’). Comparative forms are also written ( more elaborate, more confused, more learned) and adverbs -O(done, confused, learned).
Such adjectives are few in number; the vast majority of adjectives correlative with participles -ny Dont Have qualitative value; these are boiled, boiled, soaked, dried, chiseled and so on.
SPELLING N-NN IN ADVERB SUFFIXES
Adverbs on -O , formed from adjectives and passive participles, are written with double n or one n - depending on how the corresponding adjective or participle is written.
For example:
Written with nn : unexpected, unheard of(from unexpected, unheard of), excitedly, excitement(excited), confident;
Written with n : confusing(talks confusedly), confusion, confusion(from confused), learned(very learnedly expressed),windy(It's windy outside today).
First you need to understand in what form worth the adjective:
Then you need to find out from what part of speech word formed: from noun or from verb.
| Full form | |||
| I. Adjectives from nouns | II. Adjectives from verbs (participles) | ||
| -N- | -NN- | -N- | -NN- |
| -an, -yan, -in lion - leonine ! Glass |
1. -onn, -enn revolution - revolutionary ! Windy 2. N+N = sleepy+sleepy BUT! The words also include primitives: single, pheasant, crow, ram, carp, seal, peacock, crimson, zealous, dun. 3. MY = enn temporary (time) |
1. without prefix frozen catfish (from freezing) Not
frozen |
1. with attachment behind frozen catfish 2. dependent word ice cream mom som 3. suf. ova, eva, irova marinated ! forged, chewed, pecked ! desired, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected |
| Short form | |||
| 1. The meaning of the action (what was done?) - "N" raised by father, stirred by the storm |
2. The meaning of the sign (what are they?) - see the full form: as many “n” in the full form as in the short form. They brought up nn s and education nn s (well-mannered and educated). |
||
Tasks and tests on the topic “Spelling “n” and “nn” in adjectives and participles”
- Spelling participles - Communion 7th grade
Lessons: 3 Assignments: 12 Tests: 1
- Spelling of participles, participial phrase
Lessons: 4 Assignments: 11 Tests: 2
- Spelling adjectives - Adjective 6th grade
Lessons: 5 Assignments: 10 Tests: 1
- Adjective as part of speech - Morphology. Independent parts of speech grade 10
This note is addressed to those who still have not learned how to determine how many letters n write in one word or another. Or those who reread the rules for the tenth time and cannot understand them. Brew yourself tea, make sandwiches. The conversation will be serious.
How to reduce the likelihood of correct spelling
Easily. Write at random or because it looks so “beautiful”. Or the first and second at the same time.
How to increase the likelihood of correct spelling
Don't be lazy and don't skip any of the points in the algorithm. Only then will you master the skill of determining the number of letters n in a word to the point of automatism.
Aerobatics - determining the quantity n on the run.
You can, but not right away.
Sequencing
To begin with, we always determine the part of speech. This must be done according to the question that we ask by the way.
- Noun - Who? What?
- Adjective - Which?
- Short adjective - what?
- Adverb - How?
- Participle - Which?
- Short participle - what?
- Verbal adjective - Which?
You already have a question: how to distinguish between those parts of speech that answer the same question?
Adjectives and participles
An adjective is formed from a noun, and a participle is formed from a verb.
Long- it's an adjective because it answers a question Which? and derived from the noun length.
Strewn- this is a participle because it answers a question Which? and is derived from the verb put to sleep.
By the way, participles also have characteristic suffixes. In the forms of the present tense: -ush-, -yush-, -ash-, -yash-, -eat-, -om-, -im-. In the past tense forms: -vsh-, -sh-, -in-, -t-, -enn-, -yonn-, -nn-. These suffixes are used as an additional check to see if you have identified the part of speech correctly.
Participles and verbal adjectives
Now we have another problem: both participles and verbal adjectives are formed from a verb. Both answer the question Which?. How to distinguish them?
Firstly, the verbal adjective is formed from an imperfective verb, and the participle is formed from a perfective verb.
How to determine the type of a verb? Easily. If he answers the question what to do?, then the form is imperfect (indicates an unfinished action). If he answers the question what to do?, then the perfect form (denotes a completed action).
Secondly, verbal adjectives do not have dependent words.
A dependent word is a word that can be asked a question from the main word.
Try to determine for yourself which of these words is a participle and which is a verbal adjective: a solved problem, a loaded car.
Answer. Solved- participle. Here are all the arguments: it answers the question Which?; derived from the verb decide; this verb is perfect because it answers a question what to do?.
Loaded- verbal adjective. And here's why: answers the question Which?; derived from the verb load; this verb is imperfect because it answers a question what to do?; there are no dependent words.
In order for a verbal adjective to become a participle, it is enough to do one of two things:
- Add a dependent word.
A car loaded with people. Loaded by whom?- a person. Now it's a sacrament. - Change the form of the verb.
Loaded car. Derived from the verb download which answers the question what to do? and therefore refers to the perfect form.
Short adjectives and short participles
The sequence of actions is as follows:
- Realized that the word answers the question what?.
- We think from what full form the word is formed.
- We determine the part of speech of the full form (read the differences between adjectives and participles above).
Here is a table for clarity.
Hooray. Now we know which part of speech our word belongs to.
Applying the rules
Look how simple it is once we know the part of speech:
We also write two letters n in participles with suffixes -ova- And -Eve-.
In a word asphalted we write nn, because there is a suffix -ova-.
Make sure that -ova- or -Eve- They were just suffixes. In words pecking, forged And chewed there are no such suffixes. They have roots cov- And chew-. These words contain one letter n, because they belong to verbal adjectives.
You also need to remember the words: unexpected, unexpected, seen, unseen, seen, read, heard, unheard, desired. Just remember them.
It remains to deal with adjectives, nouns and adverbs.
In adjectives and nouns we write one n only in one case: if there is a suffix -an-, -yan-, -in-: leather en oh, silver yang oh, chickens in oh, sand en ik. Exceptions: glass, tin, wood.
We write in adjectives nn in the following cases:
- In suffixes -he N-, -enn-: station he N oh, time enne y.
- If a word is formed from a noun whose stem ends in -n: tuma nn y.
Pay attention to the second point Special attention. Without it you would write in the word fog one letter n, since there is a suffix -an-. But this word has no suffix -an-! Why? Because -an- is part of the root. The word is formed from a noun fog, the stem of which ends in n. Adjectives are written by analogy pocket, long, citric and many others. Don't forget about this rule.
Words windy, buttery, oil are not adjectives, since they are formed from verbs: wind, oil. Here everything works according to the rules of verbal adjectives and participles. Or just remember that these three words are spelled with the same letter n. In other cases, already with two (wind n oh, no wind nn y).
OK. What about short adjectives?
Everything is simple here: they contain the same number of letters n, how many and in full.
What about adverbs?
It's the same story here. We write the same amount n, how much is in the word from which the adverb is formed.
Slowly- an adverb because it answers a question How?. Derived from an adjective slow. In this adjective we write nn in the suffix -enn-, so we write it the same way in adverbs.
Attention! An adverb can be formed not only from an adjective, but also from other parts of speech. For example, confusing to explain. The logic here is tricky. Adverb confusing derived from the word confused, which is a verbal adjective (answers the question Which?; no dependent words; derived from an imperfective verb confuse). Because the confused is a verbal adjective, then in it we write one n. And if so, then we write the same amount in the adverb that is derived from it.
A little exercise. Explain the production n-nn in a sentence.
Pickled mushrooms, fried sausage, buttered rye cakes, condensed milk, beef liver, baked potatoes slightly rolled in ashes, and a sip of a drink infused with some outlandish drug will seem tasty on fresh air for the most sophisticated gourmet.
Н-НН in adverbs, adjectives and participles, full and short
1. With one letter n are written:
1. Adjectives with a non-derivative base: red, young, blue. There is no suffix in such adjectives. Letter n is part of the root.
2. Denominate adjectives with suffix -n: winter n th(from: winter), years n th(from: summer).
3. Denominate adjectives with suffixes -an, -yan: sandy, silver (adj. meaning “name of material, substance”), and -in: mouse, passerine (adj. meaning “accessories”).
Exception:
wooden, tin, glass write with two letters nn.
4. Verbal adjectives, if there is no prefix and explanatory word: heat fresh meat .
Exception:
Write with two letters nn words from the list:
given, arrogant, abandoned, desired, bought, seen, made, cutesied, captivated, deprived, sacred, read, desperate, minted, cursed, unheard of, unseen, unexpected, unforeseen
Do not confuse:
The list of exceptions does not include words uninvited, uninvited, named, which are consistent with the data above. Write them according to the rule: unsolicited advice, uninvited guest ,sworn brother.
5. Short adjectives in the masculine singular form: advice is valuable - (m.r.), as well as short adjectives in all other forms if they are formed from full adjectives with one letter n: red girl (from the full form with one letter n: red), the sun is red, the girls are red.
6. Adverbs on -O And -e formed from adjectives with one letter n: windy, neat.
2. With two letters nn are written:
1. Denominate adjectives with suffix -n, if the root of the noun ends in a letter n:autumn, spring, sleepy.
2. Denominate adjectives with the suffixes -enn, -onn: letter, portion.
Exception:
flighty man, windmill, chicken pox, But windless day,leeward side.
3. Verbal adjectives with suffix -nn : korcheva nn y plot, Brakova nnth thing.
Figure out how the word is formed: defective ← reject + nn .
Suffix -nn write in verbal adjectives formed from a generating stem with suffixes: - Eve//-ova,-Eve: uprooted←uproot, formed←form.
It’s easier to remember this way: adjectives on Eve+nn + th,ova +nn +y, eva +nn+ y.
4. Adjectives-exceptions from clauses:
1.3.Exception: wood, tin, glass write with two letters - nn .
1.4.Exception: the, swaggering, abandoned, desired, bought, seen, made, cutesy, captive, deprived, sacred, read, desperate, embossed, damned, unheard of, unprecedented, inadvertent, unexpected.
5. Passive past participles, if there are prefixes or explanatory words: a written essay, mittens knitted (by whom?) by grandmother, as well as participles and verbal adjectives formed from perfective verbs without prefixes: bought, abandoned, given (the latter are included in the list words to remember in paragraph 5 along with other examples).
6. Short adjectives formed from the full form with two letters nn(except for the form m.r. singular, in which there is always one letter n): night without moon n a, adviсe prices.
7. Adverbs on -O And -e, formed from adjectives with two letters nn: sincerely, thoughtfully, calmly.
So, in order not to make mistakes in the exam, you need to know all the points. Be sure to include examples, because examples are samples that help you act by analogy.
Do not forget about the exceptions in paragraphs: 1.3., 1.4., 2.2.
Attention:
To expand your language experience, you can refer to the section.
This is a constructor dictionary. Set the parameters you are interested in and get necessary lists words
It is now useful for you to turn to the Correct Dictionary, as well as to the Grammar Dictionary. Don’t forget, you can connect the following parameters: “New”, “Easy”, “Difficult”, “Important”. You can add or, on the contrary, exclude words for grades 5-8. Create your own dictionary configuration on the topic tasks 14.