Dark matter and dark energy. How to search for dark matter

Chapter 242. Secrets of the Black Matter.

Concept: 12 is constantly hiding under the table.
Queen 13: That's it, Kolya, don't. And I constantly have cramps and cramps.
And Queen 13 is dragged to the point by convulsions.
Concept: Redness is the reverse side of the number 13.
2016-06-29: The number 12 is like the boundary of the development of everything in this world. Within the number 12, feelings and mind develop. That is, no matter how smart man no matter what (within the Involution), it usually does not go beyond this figure. It was the twelve apostles that Jesus Christ had as disciples. He himself was the thirteenth, which means that he himself went beyond everything understood in this world.
In the old world it was impossible to go beyond the limits, since a person within these limits began, roughly speaking, to have convulsions. These spasms are from the Matter from which all human clothing is cut. For each type of clothing, I repeat, there is its own matter, and this matter has its own vibrational limits. In the third book, we were shown three types of matter that vibrate in space sinusoidally out of time with each other, sometimes touching each other. These three types of matter (astral, mental and ether-physics) make up human clothing.
People of one level of development do not understand people of another level: the lower ones do not understand the higher ones. Those who develop within the number 12 do not understand those who develop within the number 13. The apostles of Jesus do not understand and ask each other what he is talking about. Those who develop within the number 6 do not understand, for example, those who develop within the number 12 somewhere under the ceiling. Actor Romashin says to his nineteen-year-old wife Yulia, who asked him for protection, who are you? He's sixty years old, he's an elite actor, and he understands that elite roles are only for elite actors. In the language of clothing, anyone from the elite who dresses in expensive, perfect clothes immediately sees a person dressed in simple clothes. But the person who is simply dressing does not see what the difference is between him and the elite. And if an elite person speaks about this directly, as Romashin told his wife, it offends those who do not understand.
The elite get married once, twice and three times, because they have charisma, that is, they are energetically capable of attracting a young girl even at sixty years old. Julia Orren marries Romashin for love. She asks her parents for permission. They are shocked. They dissuade her: they say that life in Moscow is not at all the same as in Kyiv (they are Kyivians). Indeed, the elite mainly gather in Moscow, and Kyiv and even Leningrad are provinces in relation to Moscow. Yulia's parents understand something or are simply trying to dissuade their daughter from unequal marriage. Yulia is still young to understand something, or her Soul’s clothes are simply not yet cut according to the same patterns as elite Souls are cut. If she lives in Moscow among the elite and strives to match this public with her qualities, then perhaps she will later become an elite. In the meantime, she’s just a sweet girl who was betrothed by an old elite male for his own pleasure.
Serge Zha has a lot of articles in his section about victims. He has a Soul from the former elite. And he understands that in life, wherever you look, there is a wedge (victim) everywhere. We must sacrifice something everywhere in all directions of life. Such truths of this life within the number 12 can only be understood by subceiling Souls (elite). Romashin would have to sacrifice his pleasure if he followed the accepted rules of marrying someone his own age and living with this one wife all his life, as religion requires.
The number 12 is good only when it hides under the table, that is, when a person hides his true intentions (the desire for pleasure). Royal souls do not want to sacrifice their pleasures. King John not only does not deny himself pleasures, but also creates the conditions for receiving them. Tsar Peter his ex-father in pleasure, it seems, he definitely could not surpass, but he also died early, around the same years (53-54), and with very severe headaches.
The number 13 is called the queen here, since only royal Souls have the opportunity to overcome the limits set by the number 12. And they overcome them. Why? Because in the Black Matter itself, of which their Souls are composed, there is such a property as overcoming. The need to overcome is necessary for any Soul in this world, since in this world something must always be overcome in order to achieve something. But overcoming, like everything else in this world, has its own degrees of development, which are limited to 50%. Future royal Souls usually quickly overcome the number 50 (5), become sixes, then nines and, as if by inertia, further when they find themselves under the ceiling and begin to understand a lot, they cannot deny themselves pleasures, for example, marrying a young, sweet, pure girl . Romashin looked for and found such a sweet, pure nun for the role of a nun in his film.
However, when the royal Soul ascends to the very top and higher in its pleasures, the Black Matter, into which appropriate restrictions are introduced, begins to protest with what is here called convulsions. How these internal convulsions are expressed externally can be judged by the severe headaches of Peter, the illnesses of John and the death of Romashin, who at the age of 69 was killed by a pine tree in his dacha, which he was cutting down to show off the view from his dacha to his students. And, according to the gypsy’s prediction, he was supposed to live eighty-three years.
The number 13 appears here before us in two versions. Jesus Christ, the 13th in his group, sacrifices his body to save humanity; the royal Soul, on the contrary, sacrifices all the norms established by humanity for the sake of its pleasure, which aggravates universal karma.
Here this sacrifice is called redness. This means that there is also a black prey, which is quite moderate in relation to the redness. I would, says the famous film critic Mark Rudinshtein on TV, marry, like Romashin, for the fourth time, but I won’t, he strokes his belly: I understand that I am of little use to my young wife. So he somewhat humiliates himself in order to justify the sacrifice with his pleasure, which he can give himself, but does not give, because he feels that it is better for him not to cross the border between black and red. The material of clothing in one way or another lets a person know what awaits him if he overcomes it: convulsions in one form or another, I repeat, kill a person.
And it is in no way possible to come to an agreement with Black Matter so that it does not kill, although it has its own personification with which you can talk on the subtle plane. This is how a man can talk to any earthly woman, but just as an earthly woman has her own “shaven” for every “cut,” so the Black Mother has the same identical position. Its position is to always contradict the Spirit in order to ultimately drive it into the grave with its contradictions. She can say that it is possible to come to an agreement with her, and that she will talk very intelligently, and that there is no woman more faithful, obedient and dutiful, but she will still do it in her own way. Forces Black Matter to make its state, which it is not aware of Black matter, which at certain moments seems to be cramping. People experience muscle cramps from overexertion or from uncomfortable temperatures. Experienced swimmers usually take a pin with them: it sometimes cramps their muscles. The injection returns the muscles to working condition. This is exactly how you need to hit a woman so that she returns to her normal state. But who knows about this? Only pagan people knew about this. Then this knowledge went away - and the woman began to stick to her line to the end. All this can end badly for the man, even death, but you can’t beat a woman now, but you can divorce her.
Is it Black Matter's fault that it is so bad? It seems that if it were good, would it be possible for a man looking for happiness in a family to look for and find it? However, happiness in the family is not planned. Therefore, Black Matter is programmed not for happiness, but for misfortune. And if a woman with her consciousness tries to overcome the program embedded in her, she is immediately seized by a vibrational spasm on the subtle plane. Physically (outwardly) this may not be expressed in any way, but circumstances will begin to develop in such a way that all roads to happiness will be blocked and will open to misfortune (to a quarrel for suddenly revealed reasons that will actually arise).

Reviews

My soul rejoiced greatly at the mention of Ser. Zha, whose date of birth, for the record, was 12/12/1960. That's what I'm thinking. You yourself, Valery Yakovlevich, guessed about this coincidence. or read on the author’s page of this person. Well, whatever it is. and it’s very nice! Therefore, I remain a reader of your conjectures and a writer of personal tsiduleks.

Sooner or later our world will cease to exist. Just as it once emerged from a single particle smaller than an atom. Scientists have long had no doubt about this.

However, if previously the dominant theory was that the death of the Universe would occur as a result of its rapidly accelerating expansion and, as a consequence, inevitable “thermal death,” then with the discovery of dark matter this opinion changed.

Dark forces of the Universe

Experts say that the entire vast cosmos may perish as a result of its collapse, being sucked into some giant black hole, which is part of the mysterious “dark matter”.

In the cold depths of space, two irreconcilable forces have been at war since the creation of the world - dark energy and dark matter. If the first ensures the expansion of the Universe, then the second, on the contrary, strives to pull it inside itself, to compress it into oblivion.

This confrontation is going on with varying degrees of success. The victory of one of the forces over the other, the disruption of cosmic balance, is equally disastrous for all things.

Einstein also suggested that there is much more matter in space than we can see. In the history of science, there have been situations when the movement of celestial bodies did not obey the laws of celestial mechanics.

As a rule, this mysterious deviation from the trajectory was explained in the existence of an unknown material body(or several bodies). This is how the planet Neptune and the star Sirius B were discovered.

Space braces

In 1922, astronomers James Jime and Jacobus Kapteyn studied the motion of stars in our Galaxy and concluded that most of the matter in the Galaxy is invisible; In these works, the term “dark matter” first appeared, but it does not quite correspond to the current meaning of this concept.

Astronomers have long been aware of the phenomenon of the accelerating expansion of the Universe. By observing the distance of galaxies from each other, they found that this speed was increasing.

The energy that pushes space in all directions, like air in a balloon, has been called “dark.” This energy pushes galaxies away from each other, it acts against the force of gravity.

But, as it turned out, her powers are not limitless. There is also a kind of cosmic “glue” that keeps galaxies from spreading apart. And the mass of this “glue” significantly exceeds the mass of the visible Universe. This enormous force of unknown origin was called dark matter.

Despite the threatening name, the latter is not an absolute evil. It's all about the fragile balance of cosmic forces on which the existence of our seemingly unshakable world rests.

The conclusion about the existence of mysterious matter, which is not visible, is not recorded by any of the instruments, but whose existence can be considered proven, was made on the basis of a violation of the gravitational laws of the Universe. At least as we know them.

It was noticed that the stars in spiral galaxies, similar to ours, have quite high speed circulation and according to all laws, with such fast movement, they should simply fly into intergalactic space under the influence of centrifugal force, but they do not do this.

They are held by some very strong gravitational force, which is not registered or captured by any known modern science ways. This got scientists thinking.

Eternal struggle

If these elusive dark “braces”, but superior in gravitational force to all visible cosmic objects, did not exist, then after some long time the rate of expansion of the Universe under the influence of dark energy would approach the limit at which a break in the space-time continuum would occur. Space will annihilate and the Universe will cease to exist. However, this is not happening yet.

Astrophysicists have found that about 7 billion years ago, gravity (dominated by dark matter) and dark energy were in balance. But the Universe expanded, density decreased, and the strength of dark energy increased. Since then it has dominated our Universe. Now scientists are trying to understand whether this process will ever end.

Today it is already known that the Universe consists of only 4.9% of ordinary matter - baryonic matter, which makes up our world. Most (74%) of the entire universe is made up of mysterious dark energy, and 26.8% of the mass in the universe is made up of physics-defying, hard-to-detect particles called dark matter.

So far, in the irreconcilable eternal struggle between dark matter and dark energy, the latter is winning. They look like two wrestlers in different weight classes. But this does not mean that the fight is a foregone conclusion. Galaxies will continue to disperse. But how long will this process take? According to the latest hypothesis, dark matter is just one manifestation of the physics of black holes.

Are black holes clumps of dark matter?

Black holes are the most massive and powerful objects in the known Universe. They bend space-time so strongly that even light cannot escape their boundaries. Therefore, just like dark matter, we cannot see them. Black holes are a kind of centers of gravity for vast expanses of space.

It can be assumed that this is structured dark matter. A striking example These are the supermassive black holes that live at the center of galaxies. Looking at the center of our Galaxy, for example, we see how the stars around it accelerate.

Anne Martin of Cornell University notes that the only thing that would explain this acceleration is a supermassive black hole. We can judge the existence of dark matter, as well as black holes, only on the basis of their interaction with surrounding objects.

Therefore, we observe its effects in the movement of galaxies and stars, but we do not see it directly; it neither emits nor absorbs light. It is logical to assume that black holes are just clumps of dark matter.

Could one of the giant black holes, which will eventually swallow not only the surrounding space, but also its less powerful “holey” relatives, swallow the entire Universe? The question about this remains open. According to scientists, if this happens, it will not be earlier than in 22 billion years. So that's enough for our lifetime.

In the meantime the world continues its voyage between the Scylla of dark energy and the Charybdis of dark matter. The fate of the Universe will depend on the outcome of the struggle between these two dominant forces in space.

Tesla's prophecy

There is, however, an alternative view of the dark matter problem. Certain parallels can be found between the mysterious substance and the theory of the universal ether. According to Einstein, the ether is not a real category, but exists as a result of erroneous scientific views. For Tesla, the ether is reality.

Several years ago, at a street sale in New York, an antiques lover bought himself a fireman's helmet, worn out by time. Inside it, under the lining, lay an old notebook. The notebook was thin, with a burnt cover, and it smelled of mold. The sheets, yellowed with time, were covered with ink that had faded with time.

As it turned out, the manuscript belonged to the famous inventor Nikola Tesla, who lived and worked in the USA. The recording explains the theory of the ether, in which one can find unmistakable indications of the discovery of the elusive dark matter decades after his death.

“What is ether, and why is it so difficult to detect? - the inventor writes in the manuscript. - I thought about this question for a long time and came to the following conclusions. It is known that the denser the substance, the higher the speed of propagation of waves in it.

Comparing the speed of sound in air with the speed of light, I came to the conclusion that the density of the ether is several thousand times greater than the density of air. But the ether is electrically neutral and therefore it interacts very weakly with our material world, and besides, the density of the substance material world is insignificant compared to the density of the ether."

According to the scientist, it is not the ether that is ethereal - it is our material world that is ethereal for the ether. Thus, he offers a much more positive view of dark matter, seeing in it some kind of primordial substance, the cradle of the Universe. But not only.

According to Tesla, with a skillful approach, it is possible to obtain inexhaustible sources of energy from the dark matter of the ether, to penetrate Parallel Worlds and even establish contacts with intelligent inhabitants of other galaxies.

“I think that the stars, planets and our entire world arose from the ether when, for some reason, part of it became less dense. Compressing our world from all sides, the ether tries to return to its original state, and the internal electric charge in the substance of the material world prevents this. Over time, having lost its internal electrical charge, our world will be compressed by the ether and turn into ether. The ether has left the ether and will leave,” Tesla asserted.

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What's happened dark matter and dark energy The Universe: structure of space with photos, volume in percentage, influence on objects, research, expansion of the Universe.

About 80% of the space is represented by material that is hidden from direct observation. This is about dark matter– a substance that does not produce energy or light. How did the researchers realize that it was dominant?

In the 1950s, scientists began to actively study other galaxies. During the analyzes they noticed that the Universe is filled big amount material than can be detected by the “visible eye”. Proponents of dark matter emerged every day. Although there was no direct evidence of its existence, theories grew, as did workarounds for observation.

The material we see is called baryonic matter. It is represented by protons, neutrons and electrons. It is believed that dark matter is capable of combining baryonic and non-baryonic matter. For the Universe to remain in its usual integrity, dark matter must be present in an amount of 80%.

The elusive substance can be incredibly difficult to find if it contains baryonic matter. Among the candidates are brown and white dwarfs, as well as neutron stars. Supermassive black holes can also add to the difference. But they must have contributed more influence than what scientists saw. There are also those who think that dark matter must consist of something more unusual and rare.

Combined image Hubble telescope, showing a ghostly ring of dark matter in the galaxy cluster Cl 0024+17

Most of scientific world believes that the unknown substance is represented mainly by non-baryonic matter. The most popular candidate is WIMPS (weakly interacting massive particles), whose mass is 10-100 times greater than that of a proton. But their interaction with ordinary matter is too weak, making it more difficult to find.

Neutrinos, massive hypothetical particles that are larger in mass than neutrinos, but are characterized by their slowness, are now being examined very carefully. They haven't been found yet. As possible options the smaller neutral axiom and intact photons are also taken into account.

Another possibility is that knowledge about gravity is outdated and needs to be updated.

Invisible dark matter and dark energy

But if we don’t see something, how can we prove that it exists? And why did we decide that dark matter and dark energy are something real?

The mass of large objects is calculated from their spatial movement. In the 1950s, researchers looking at spiral galaxies assumed that material close to the center would move much faster than material farther away. But it turned out that the stars moved with same speed, which means there was much more mass than previously thought. The gas studied in elliptical types showed the same results. The same conclusion suggested itself: if we were guided only by visible mass, then galaxy clusters would have collapsed long ago.

Albert Einstein was able to prove that large universal objects are capable of bending and distorting light rays. This allowed them to be used as a natural magnifying lens. By studying this process, scientists were able to create a map of dark matter.

It turns out that most of our world is represented by a still elusive substance. You will learn more interesting things about dark matter if you watch the video.

Dark matter

Physicist Dmitry Kazakov about the overall energy balance of the Universe, the theory of hidden mass and dark matter particles:

If we talk about matter, then dark matter is certainly the leader in percentage. But overall it takes up only a quarter of everything. The universe abounds dark energy.

Since the Big Bang, space has begun a process of expansion that continues today. The researchers believed that eventually the initial energy would run out and it would slow down. But distant supernovae demonstrate that space does not stop, but picks up speed. All this is only possible if the amount of energy is so huge that it overcomes the gravitational influence.

Dark matter and dark energy: a mystery explained

We know that the Universe is mostly dark energy. This is a mysterious force that causes space to increase the rate of expansion of the Universe. Another mysterious component is dark matter, which maintains contact with objects only through gravity.

Scientists can't see dark matter through direct observation, but the effects can be studied. They manage to capture light that is bent by the gravitational force of invisible objects (gravitational lensing). They also notice moments when the star rotates around the galaxy much faster than it should.

All this is explained by the presence of a huge amount of elusive substance that affects mass and speed. In fact, this substance is shrouded in mystery. It turns out that researchers can rather say not what is in front of them, but what “it” is not.

This collage shows images of six different galaxy clusters taken using space telescope NASA Hubble. The clusters were discovered during attempts to study the behavior of dark matter in galaxy clusters during their collision

Dark matter... dark. It does not produce light and is not observable in direct view. Therefore, we exclude stars and planets.

It does not act as a cloud of ordinary matter (such particles are called baryons). If baryons were present in dark matter, it would show up in direct observation.

We also exclude black holes, because they act as gravitational lenses that emit light. Scientists do not observe enough lensing events to calculate the amount of dark matter that must be present.

Although the Universe is a huge place, it all began with the smallest structures. It is believed that dark matter began to condense to create " building blocks» with normal matter, producing the first galaxies and clusters.

To find dark matter, scientists use various methods:

• The Large Hadron Collider.
• instruments like WNAP and the Planck space observatory.
• direct view experiments: ArDM, CDMS, Zeplin, XENON, WARP and ArDM.
• indirect detection: gamma ray detectors (Fermi), neutrino telescopes (IceCube), antimatter detectors (PAMELA), X-ray and radio sensors.

Methods for searching for dark matter

Physicist Anton Baushev about weak interactions between particles, radioactivity and searching for traces of annihilation:

Delving deeper into the mystery of dark matter and dark energy

Not once have scientists been able to literally see dark matter because it does not contact baryonic matter, which means it remains elusive to light and other types of electromagnetic radiation. But researchers are confident of its presence as they monitor the impact on galaxies and clusters.

Standard physics says that stars located at the edges of a spiral galaxy should slow down. But it turns out that stars appear whose speed does not obey the principle of location in relation to the center. This can only be explained by the fact that the stars feel the influence of invisible dark matter in the halo around the galaxy.

The presence of dark matter can also decipher some of the illusions observed in the depths of the universe. For example, the presence of strange rings and arcs of light in galaxies. That is, light from distant galaxies passes through the distortion and is amplified by an invisible layer of dark matter (gravitational lensing).

So far we have a few ideas about what dark matter is. the main idea- These are exotic particles that do not come into contact with ordinary matter and light, but have power in the gravitational sense. Now several groups (some using the Large Hadron Collider) are working on creating dark matter particles to study in the laboratory.

Others think the influence can be explained by a fundamental modification gravitational theory. Then we get several forms of gravity, which differs significantly from the usual picture and the laws established by physics.

The Expanding Universe and Dark Energy

The situation with dark energy is even more confusing and the discovery itself became unpredictable in the 1990s. Physicists have always thought that the force of gravity works to slow down and one day may stop the process of universal expansion. Two teams took on the task of measuring the speed and both, to their surprise, detected acceleration. It's like you throw an apple into the air and know that it is bound to fall down, but it moves further and further away from you.

It became clear that acceleration was influenced by a certain force. Moreover, it seems that the wider the Universe, the more “power” this force gains. Scientists decided to call it dark energy.

Black matter and its role in the formation of the universe- one of the greatest mysteries of cosmology. No one has ever seen a black hole and no one can see it. The film hypothesizes that it is a collapsed star of such density and gravity that it draws in everything that comes close to it, including light. But light can be refracted. The angle of deflection of light allows us to find black holes. Gravitational lenses can measure the size of a black hole.

90 percent of our universe is invisible, like black holes; astronomers call it dark matter. This hidden mass is not detected by gamma rays, radio waves, or anything. When 9/10 of our universe is invisible, our beliefs about the universe may well be false.

Undoubtedly involved in the development and formation of the universe, the problem is that we cannot observe it. All theories about the structure of space are based on observations of the behavior of the visible 1/10th of the universe.

Dark matter should not be confused with the dark clouds that cover galaxies; dark clouds are just dust and can be seen. Dark matter is present quietly in every galaxy and around every star. The observed gravitational interaction of galaxies and stars suggests hundreds of times more matter than can be seen. One can only wonder what dark or black matter is - a black hole or unusual subatomic particles. The nature of black matter remains a mystery.

A large star pulls matter from a small star nearby. The big star died as a supernova, and the star next door continues to rotate and lose matter. The superstar has become a black hole that continues to suck matter from the small star. A star that orbits a void and the rate at which it loses mass is a clue for astronomers in calculating the size of a black hole.

For a black hole to form, the mass of the core of the exploding star must be at least three times that of our Sun.

Ours is a ring of gas covered with stars that cluster in the center of the galaxy. The mass of the ring is equal to the mass of 30 thousand suns. The vortex at the center of the galaxy is a black hole that absorbs matter.

It is believed that the collision of galaxies produces giant black holes. When the nuclei of galaxies merge, huge black holes are created. For example, Centauri A is the result of the merger of two galaxies with a huge black hole in the center. The black hole at the center of Centaurus A is thousands of times more massive than the hole at the center of the Milky Way.

Enormous black holes are surrounded by a growing disk that is subject to irresistible gravity as matter is constantly pulled into the black hole. But it turned out that black holes also eject a small amount of matter at right angles to the disk. And as a result, you can observe an interesting picture. A large column of matter that is ejected into space from the center of the Virgo A galaxy can be observed through a telescope from Earth.

The most surprising observations of black holes involve quasars. Quasars are some of the brightest and most powerful objects in the Universe. They are so hot and bright that they illuminate galaxies. There is a theory that quasars are fueled by black holes.

Black holes distort space so much in space, that we have no idea what is happening inside the black hole. Maybe it's a window to another part of space or even another universe.

Watch video Black holes and dark matter

Time flows differently in the world: in a powerful gravitational field it moves slower, away from large objects, it moves faster. It can change not only the speed of its movement, but also its direction.

Let's imagine a black hole (collapsar) only with the reverse flow of time. Let's call it a white hole. Perhaps she is the exact opposite of black. Let's try to give some facts:

• black holes, with their powerful gravity, collect all the matter around them in space, while white holes should theoretically push it away from themselves.
• if it is impossible to exit the collapsar event horizon, then it is also impossible to enter the white event horizon.
• the collapsar absorbs matter and thereby releases energy, while the former hole releases matter and absorbs energy, etc.

In the universe, the existence of collapsars is no longer a discovery. But the formation of the universe of white holes remains a hypothetical.

However, a group of Israeli scientists claim that they were able to capture a white hole in the form of a flash in the photo. The characteristics of the hypothetical white hole flare differ from the various stellar flares previously known. Scientists believe that the instantaneous disintegration of a white hole is similar to the Big Bang, but many times smaller. This explosion was given the name Small Explosion. It is characterized by the fact that when it happens, a lot of energy and matter appears out of nowhere. It’s as if he throws out everything that has been accumulated inside.

By studying these features, we can state that the mysteries of the existence of white holes can only exist until some specific objects are discovered by astronauts. It is also worth noting that a white hole can only be a reality if there are no particles of matter within its framework. Because if at least one alpha particle hits it, the white hole will instantly collapse.

Of course, as in any hypothetical theory, there are also people here who are 100% sure of the existence of white holes. At the Aix-Marseille University in France, there is a group of scientists who are persistently trying to explain to humanity that the theory of black and white regions of space-time has long been the basis of physics, in which there is a theory of loops quantum gravity.

The connection between black and white holes

There is a theory that white and black holes are connected by a certain tunnel.

Matter that falls beyond the event horizon of the collapsar emerges from the event horizon of the white hole. Between the entrance and exit there may be not only huge distances of billions of light years, which you will cover in an instant, but also a large number of time. This makes it possible to travel in it! However, not every collapsar will be associated with a white hole.

There is another similar theory, which involves not only travel between individual parts of the Universe, but also travel between the universes themselves.

It is even theoretically impossible to get from one universe to another by ordinary routes, because... they are in different spaces. The only way to get from one universe to another is a space-time tunnel consisting of white and black holes.

If a person manages to harness and recreate the nature of space-time tunnels, or, simply put, wormholes, then it will be possible to move vast distances and travel through time.

Another option for scientists is the theory of glued holes. That is, white holes can be glued to black ones. IN in this case, the theory is called a wormhole. It is under this name that it is often remembered in science fiction stories. But, like other theories, there is an inconsistency. If matter falls into this wormhole, the result will be its collapse, since the passage between the regions of space-time will be closed.

Another part of scientists argue that since collapsars can be not only black, but also white, then the possibility arises that if we fall into a black hole, we will lose our singularity and end up in another Universe. In turn, this black hole is white, but in some other universe. All these Universes are completely different in nature. From this we can conclude that if one body falls into a black hole, it will never return to the previous Universe.

Having raised all these theories and thoughts, an obvious logical question may arise: why did people start talking about such phenomena not so long ago, although the facts confirming the existence of various holes were known thousands of years ago? This could arise due to the fact that modern scientists use complex mathematical calculations, which are much more complex than the conventional topology that was used before.

Research into the existence of white holes

There is also information that scientists from the United States, using the VLA radio telescope, discovered a huge void, in the middle of which there is no substance or matter known to astronomers. It is also known that this region of space-time is much larger than those previously found and known in outer space.

In addition, a spot was discovered near the constellation Eridanus, in which there is 45% less energy than it should be. It was also revealed that after big bang, the temperature there became much lower than the average by millionths of a degree. These phenomena cannot leave scientists alone, since there was no clear explanation for them, and without clear evidence they remain something inexplicable.

While it has long been proven that there is a gravitational field around collapsars, with the help of which they are detected, this does not happen with white holes. There are suggestions about the existence of a galactic cluster that was able to pump out the gravitational field from them.

Since white holes are called flares, some scientists divide them into long, long and short. Long ones are those that last more than two seconds, but short ones are those whose duration was less than two seconds. There are also flashes that, according to their parameters, may not fall into any of the categories, and it is these that receive much more attention. After all, studying everything non-standard always makes the discovery more significant.

Experts believe that long-lasting gamma-ray bursts often arise as a result of the collapse of huge stars, which then turn into black holes. While short gamma-ray bursts are a consequence of the connection neutron stars, which leads to the creation of a new collapsar.

It is worth mentioning here the Schwarzschild solution, in which we're talking about about white and black holes. The global scientific community believes that white Schwarzschild holes do not exist. But Kerr’s solution states that a white hole is a formation that resulted from the combination of two collapsars.

Remembering the theory of quantum gravity - black holes can turn into white holes over time.

Today, we mainly talked about adherents of the theory of the existence of white holes, but we should not forget about skeptics, because as practice shows, it is thanks to them that most theories are proven.

Thus, many believe that there is no connection at all between black and white holes in the Universe. Scientists think so, because if any matter that got into the collapsar then came out somewhere else, the collapsar would instantly disappear, since the matter would have flown out of the white hole (given the opposite direction of time in them).

In any case, from a mathematical point of view, white holes are still something unusual, and therefore not fully studied. But as history shows us, everything unusual in the mathematical field is quite rarely embodied in real life.

Many mysteries have still not been solved even by scientists who are constantly engaged in research in this area.

In conclusion, I can say one thing: each person decides for himself what to believe in and what not. Therefore, read, study, research, believe, analyze and destroy the stereotypes created by reality.