Technical characteristics of thermal insulation mats. Stitched mats made of basalt fiber Other applications

Mats are very popular products. This is explained by the versatility of the mats and their excellent performance characteristics. This is a very effective thermal insulation.

Scope of application of thermal insulation mats

Thermal insulation mats are used in a wide variety of areas. Among them:

• civil and industrial construction where mats are used;
• creation of internal sound and heat insulation of floors, walls, pipes, frame-type partitions, tanks, boilers, chimneys;
• ensuring fire protection of objects where mats are used;
• thermal and sound insulation of thermal equipment, hardening and heating furnaces.

Properties of thermal insulation fiber

Mats of this type are also called foil mats. Their distinctive feature is their thinness, which is about 3 centimeters. A special foil-type material is attached to the base of the product. It is intended to be located directly under the pipes, as a result of which the heat transfer of the heated floor increases.

Polystyrene mats have excellent technological characteristics. Among them:

• resistance to combustion, characteristic of mats;
• excellent thermal insulation properties that these mats have;
• resistance to aggressive environmental influences, as well as various chemical compounds, which is distinguished by this thermal insulation;
• resistance to vibration, which is characteristic of mats.

All these features have provided the material with a very wide range of applications. The use of thermal insulation mats is advisable in various fields of shipbuilding, thermal power engineering, aircraft construction, oil and gas industry, etc. An additional advantage that the mat has is its complete non-toxicity and environmental safety, which makes it possible to use this thermal insulation material even in educational and medical institutions.

Thermal insulation mats: advantages

A thermal insulation material such as mats made from basalt fiber has many advantages. Among them it is worth noting:

• excellent ability to provide thermal and sound insulation;
• fire safety and fire resistance (this material belongs to the flammability class NG);
• resistance to the influence of microorganisms and rodents, the occurrence of rotting;
• high vapor permeability parameters, ensuring the preservation of the level of diffuse resistance of structures;
• excellent hygroscopicity;
• availability of a wide range of standard sizes.

By individual order it is possible to produce heat-insulating mats of any size. We will create mats of the desired shapes and sizes for you.
The mats have a wide range of applications. It is advisable to use them as:

• building thermal insulation, insulating floors, walls, ceilings, partitions of various building structures, tanks and boilers;
• thermal insulation intended for ships;
• insulation in industrial equipment and units;
• thermal insulation of boiler room equipment.

Mats can be of various types and types, which differ in the composition of the rocks used. They are divided (depending on indicators such as fiber thickness) into coarse, thick, thickened, superfine, ultrafine and microfine. To obtain material for mats, production uses blowing heads of different shapes, as well as various types of spray devices. In our company you can purchase various types of mats at reasonable prices. Our mats are of high quality and reasonable price. We are glad to have mutually beneficial cooperation!

It was smooth on paper, but they forgot about the ravines. The words of this saying very accurately reflect mistakes made during insulation work. Often, when thermally insulating a building, no thought is given to insulating utility networks, which leads to heat loss in an open heating plant and freezing of water supply and sewerage pipes.

Ignoring technical insulation in housing, civil, industrial, and military construction leads to disastrous consequences and large material costs. Thermal insulating basalt mats are used as effective protection and insulation of engineering systems.

Thermal insulating basalt mats are used as thermal insulation:

• ventilation and air conditioning systems;
• pipes for exhausting heated gases;
• electrostatic precipitators;
• containers for storing liquids and liquefied gases;
• energy and other equipment;
• flat and curved horizontal and vertical planes at industrial facilities (exceptions include food production buildings);
• hot water and superheated steam supply systems;
• pipelines in the oil and gas industry.

Basalt thermal insulation mats provide heat, sound, vapor insulation, as well as decorative finishing of equipment in interior spaces.

Are they really that good?

Thermal insulation mat is made from fibers obtained by melting natural volcanic stone - basalt. It determines the main characteristics and properties of pierced basalt mats.

Good heat-holding capacity is achieved by the presence of a large amount of still air in the voids of the mat. It is in the range of 0.035 - 0.04 units.

Materials made from mineral fibers have increased resistance to moisture due to the stone base and hydrophobic impregnation. The maximum amount of moisture is 1% of the volume of insulation.

Basalt fiber mats are highly chemically inert to various types of chemically active substances, metals, mortars and materials, and petroleum products. Upon contact with them, they do not collapse, do not lose their integrity and thermal insulation ability.

Biological stability is at its highest. The materials do not spread fungus and mold within themselves or on their surface, do not rot, and do not serve as food for rodents and insects. For representatives of the animal world it is extremely difficult to arrange housing in the internal volumes of a heat insulator.

Basalt mat belongs to the category of non-combustible insulation due to its stone component. The exclusion of the binding component in the form of formaldehyde resin from production completely eliminated the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere during heating and melting. Unlike general building insulation materials, they have a fairly wide operating temperature range: - 180 to + 570 o C.

Flashing the entire volume with glass roving without adhesive ensures a certain mobility of the fibers. This allows basalt thermal insulation mats to take the form of insulated systems with the most complex configuration without loss of integrity.

The thermal insulation mat has sufficient environmental safety, which is confirmed by relevant environmental certificates. You can work with it if you have the simplest means of protection. It is not recommended to neglect their use during installation.

The insulation in the mats has sufficient density (about 35 - 45 kg/m3) to simultaneously serve as an excellent soundproofing barrier. This quality is especially important during the construction and reconstruction of production facilities.

Stitched thermal insulation materials have a fairly high vapor permeability, which creates favorable conditions for the removal of saturated water vapor from the equipment through the insulation (mats) into the environment.

The use of igneous rock as the starting material allows the insulation to have an endless service life. However, we cannot exclude the harmful effects of natural factors, as well as the loss of fiber stiffness during operation, which will inevitably lead to compaction of the material and an increase in the specific thermal conductivity coefficient. According to manufacturers, the thermal insulation mat has a service life of 25 years.

Thermal insulation mats made of glass staple fiber, produced in accordance with GOST 10499-95, are very close to them in quality. But they have one significant drawback - extremely low environmental safety, especially during installation. Sufficient protection for the skin, respiratory organs and vision of installers is required.

Linear dimensions

Mineral mats from different manufacturers have different sizes and the same rectangular shape. Due to the similarity of the main operational parameters, it is not necessary to be tied to any one manufacturer. It is necessary to select those materials that are optimally suited to the equipment, installation, or pipeline being insulated.

The length varies from 2.4 to 12 meters depending on the thickness. This makes storage and transportation to the work site convenient.

The stitched mats have a width of 1 or 1.2 m. This size allows one person to carry out insulation work while complying with safety requirements.

The thickness ranges from 20 to 100 mm, ensuring the selection of a layer thickness that will allow insulation to be carried out according to the calculated values ​​while saving money on purchase.

Additional layers and accessories

To form part of the manufactured products, various lining materials are used, which make it possible to change the maximum temperature of use:

Foil insulation mats are often used to insulate refrigeration units. The foil layer ensures reflection of infrared external radiation, thereby ensuring the preservation of low temperatures in the pipelines of refrigerators.

To make work easier, some manufacturers produce mats with clamps. They will allow you to fix a heat-insulating layer on any linearly extended object without extra costs.

Mineral wool mats will provide the necessary temperature conditions for the operation of any production and technological equipment with minimal costs during acquisition, installation and operation.

When building and renovating a house, an important component is proper thermal insulation. An important point in this issue is the choice of insulation. The range of such materials on the modern market is quite wide. It also presents universal products suitable for complex thermal insulation of buildings. One of them is thermal insulation mats.

Description and technical specifications

Today, thermal insulation mats are very popular among consumers. They have an affordable price, do not create problems during installation, which you can do yourself, and also have a set of high technical characteristics.

There are regular and stitched mats. Firmware gives additional strength to products. Such materials may have a galvanized steel mesh, and reinforced fiberglass-based foil is glued to one side. Experts note that when using thermal insulation mats, heat loss is reduced by approximately one third.

Regarding the technical characteristics of the product, it should be noted that if there is an outer shell made of glass wool, its heat resistance can be up to 500 degrees. The standard insulation thickness is 18 millimeters. The products have springs and other components that are made of stainless steel, which guarantees their strength and long-term operation. In addition, other types of clamps can be used.

Regardless of what material the products are made of, they are most often used for thermal insulation of roofs. Denser mats can be used to insulate the floor, but they must contain exclusively basalt fiber. Glass wool insulators are used when working with ceilings, including suspended ones. Stitched mineral wool mats are popular for thermal insulation of roofs with a large area, for example, in entertainment centers.

Varieties

Thermal insulation mats can be divided into 2 groups depending on the material of manufacture. They can be mineral wool and fiberglass. Let's look at these types in more detail.

Basalt mats

They are also mats based on mineral wool. Today it is the most popular thermal insulation material. The warp fibers are intertwined and have a crystalline structure.

Mineral wool products can be produced both in the form of mats and in the form of rolls. The mats are thicker and more elastic, their thermal insulation properties are better. In this case, it is the mats that are used when working with loaded structures.

This material is excellent for thermal insulation of plastered and ventilated facades, as well as roofs, floors, ceilings, walls and balconies. Basalt mats have low thermal conductivity, do a good job of soundproofing a room, and are resistant to rotting processes, mold and mildew. In addition, when exposed to fire, they will melt rather than burn. At the same time, mineral wool mats do not create problems during installation, have an affordable price, and their service life is about 50 years.

If we talk about the shortcomings, we cannot fail to note the lack of moisture resistance. In this case, this is an important point, since when liquid gets on the product, it loses its thermal insulation properties.

Therefore, when working with such mats, it must be taken into account that their installation must necessarily include the installation of waterproofing and vapor barrier materials. This is necessary to protect the insulation.

Fiberglass mats

Glass wool-based mats are very popular when carrying out interior thermal insulation work. They are often used to insulate interior partitions. When using glass wool products in office premises, it is recommended to sew them into plasterboard walls. In this case, you can achieve not only excellent thermal, but also sound insulation of the required area.

One of the main differences and a definite advantage is the low weight of fiberglass mats. This makes it possible to use these materials when working with suspended ceilings.

Currently, the use of mats and slabs made of glass staple fiber is gaining popularity. The materials are manufactured using the latest technologies, their technical characteristics are higher. In addition, such mats are much more convenient to transport; they do not prick and do not cause inconvenience during tactile contact.

All stitched mats can be divided according to the features of their design. They can be on a metal mesh, fiberglass mesh or fabric, plastic film or without lining.

Advantages and features

Among the undoubted advantages of mats of any type, it is worth noting that the financial costs of heating the room are significantly reduced. The products are non-toxic, they do not emit harmful substances during operation. The materials withstand high temperatures and do not lose their qualities and properties even with prolonged exposure. In addition, the room heats up much faster and the heat is retained for a long time.

Products made from materials of any kind do not actually burn or ignite. They are environmentally friendly and do not harm health. They can be coated with plaster and paint mixtures, as well as finished in other ways.

Quite often the question arises about the need to use thermal insulation mats if you plan to install heated floors in the room. It should be noted that in the absence of an insulator, heat will go into the concrete base, and this will certainly affect the financial costs of the user.

One of the insulation options is foil mats. They are based on polyethylene foam, and foil is applied to one side. Also, foil mats can be equipped with a protective coating.

This type is advisable to use if the floor is the main source of heat entering the room. In this case, an excellent option would be to use flat polystyrene foam mats, which can withstand mechanical stress and are practically not deformed.

Profile mats are also popular among consumers. Their basis is dense polystyrene foam. The surface is equipped with cubic or cylindrical protrusions. They can be either simple or with the application of a vapor barrier film.

Installation subtleties

If the roof has rafters as a load-bearing base, the insulation must be laid between them. An important point is the equipment for vapor barrier, as well as waterproofing of the material. Condensation may form on surfaces, and contact with it or other liquids becomes detrimental to basalt mats and leads to loss of their performance properties. The protective film can be easily secured to the base using a regular construction stapler.

The outer side of the insulation is covered with a waterproofing material. It must be placed on a sheathing fixed to the rafters.

Mineral wool is available in a variety of versions, as it has a fairly wide range of applications. One of its forms is stitched soft mats. They are made from interwoven thin basalt fibers, which are held together not with synthetic resins, but with threads made of nylon, fiberglass or bast.

Modern heat-insulating pierced mats are manufactured in accordance with GOST 21880-2011, although different manufacturers may develop their own specifications. In essence, we are talking about truly safe basalt insulation, which does not contain formaldehydes, phenols and other toxic substances.

The absence of thermoplastic bonds may impair the aesthetics and workability of the slabs, but it effectively solves other problems. Light mineral wool performs better as thermal insulation, but due to the rigid cord of the firmware it maintains a constant volume. The only drawback of such mats was their high hygroscopicity. That is why, based on the current GOST, separate specifications were developed that allow the impregnation of insulation with water-repellent compounds.

Types and features of mats

Stitched mats have standard thicknesses for basalt wool from 40 to 200 mm, but may differ in size from traditional slabs. Their length ranges from 1-5 m, width - 0.5-2.5 m. But the main classification of mineral wool products is based on their density. In accordance with it, three types of thermal insulation are distinguished:

1. M-75 - mineral mats with a specific gravity of up to 85 kg/m3 have a fairly high thermal conductivity of 0.046 W/m °C. Other characteristics are also not impressive: compressibility is about 55%, tensile strength is the lowest in the group and in our review (80 N).
2. M-100 - have a density of 90-100 kg/m3 and thermal conductivity R = 0.04 W/m °C. The compressibility of the plates is 36%, they can withstand tensile strength of 100 N. However, the difference in price between them and MP-75 is small.
3. M-125 – dense pierced mats (110-135 kg/m3) with a conductivity coefficient of about 0.044 W/m·°C. Resistance to breaking loads – up to 120 N.

Also today you can buy slabs of the lightweight M-35 and M-50 series, but these grades are not specified in GOST.

The main difference between stitched products and other insulation materials is their high temperature resistance. The absence of melting bonds makes the mats completely non-flammable and allows them to withstand heating up to +800..+1200 °C, while conventional heat-insulating boards retain their shape only at +600 °C. This also determined the low load resistance - the compressibility of soft mats, according to the technical description, often approaches 40%, that is, the effective thickness of the insulating layer under pressure can be violated. But without external influence, basalt wool retains its shape well and does not shrink - the stiffness of the fibers is quite enough for this.

Thermal insulation mats can come with linings made of different materials:

• Metal mesh (MC brand). For example, the Technonikol company uses different types of wire as lining: black, galvanized or galvanized.
• Fiberglass (ST or M3) – reduces the heat resistance of the mats to +450 °C, but according to reviews, makes installation easier.
• Roofing or corrugated cardboard (M4) - with such a lining, mineral wool is not used at temperatures above +80 ° C, and it is difficult to buy such thermal insulation today.
• Paper (M5). This is also the designation for mats covered with vapor barrier PET film. Their installation is allowed only on substrates that do not heat above +60 °C.
• Aluminum foil - this product is most in demand today due to its vapor-proof coating, but it is also quite expensive. But combined thermal insulation can be freely purchased by finding a suitable option in the Rockwool, Paroc or TechnoNIKOL assortment.

If laminating is performed on only one side, the stitching mats are marked M2-1, on both sides - M2-2, respectively. The absence of additional designations, the letters M1 or MP, indicates that the insulation comes without linings.

Application

Stitched mats are considered an independent type of technical thermal insulation and are used to protect communications and equipment (including high-temperature equipment), as well as in the construction of transport. But in everyday life they can more often be found in unloaded structures:

• In the ceilings.
• In internal partitions (if they are sufficiently dense pierced thermal insulation boards).
• When insulating chimneys, water pipes, heating pipes and ventilation ducts.

But do not forget that basalt insulation in conditions of large temperature differences or used outdoors itself requires additional waterproofing. Therefore, it is used in conjunction with light-resistant film materials that have good vapor permeability.

Stitched mineral wool mats without facings are only suitable for thermal insulation for pipes - they are not suitable for anything else, since their performance characteristics are rather weak. But the presence of the same metal mesh significantly expands the scope of application of combined insulation. Here it becomes possible to install it in vertical structures and even use it in ventilated facade systems (provided that the basalt wool is covered with a windproof membrane that prevents the fibers from blowing out).

Mineral wool mats are an excellent solution for insulating wooden buildings, where the same “breathable” materials are needed. Only basalt thermal insulation ensures normal moisture exchange for log houses and timber frames, which guarantees their durability and prevents warping and rotting of the wood. It is also used to create fireproof cuts in walls, openings, and in places where hot chimneys pass through floors and roofs.

And, of course, no construction of a bathhouse or sauna is complete without mineral mats. At fire-hazardous objects, it is necessary to use only non-flammable thermal insulation boards that retain their shape and thickness even when exposed to high temperatures.

Price

A very popular building material for citizens in industrial construction are pierced stone wool mats, which have a number of advantages.

They are used in the following works: heat insulation, sound insulation, high temperature insulation equipment, gas ducts, electrical filters and steam pipelines. The use of this material is in demand in various types of construction.

It is these products that we will now discuss in this article. Note that it is not dangerous.

1 General information

Stitched mats are a material made of basalt that has a fire-retardant effect. It is sold in rolls or in slab form.

Its main advantage is non-flammability. For insulation, this quality is extremely important. After all, walls, ceilings, floors, and indeed almost all structures are finished with thermal insulation materials.

Using flammable insulation means deliberately exposing yourself to danger. Mineral wool does not face such problems, and therefore is so seriously valued in the professional sphere.

Let's consider the composition of tufted mineral wool products with:

• the mat has a galvanized coating;
• steel and galvanized mesh;
• metal wire stitching it.

All this ensures the rigidity of the insulation and facilitates installation work. Proper storage is an important factor.

1.1 How to store it correctly?

It is necessary to store mats: in hidden warehouses, under an overhead structure, the function of which is protection and safety (from weather changes). It is important to make sure that they will not be affected by atmospheric conditions. Mineral wool is especially vulnerable to rain and precipitation.

Before laying mats for storage (for example, if it is), they must be placed in special containers, the second option is in stacks on pallets. The stack parameters are 3 m. However, here you need to focus on specific products that are publicly available.

It is possible that in your situation you will have other variations of storage equipment at hand. There's nothing wrong with that. The main thing is to protect the material and lay it correctly.

1.2 Basic quality standards

The quality standards are the following indicators:

1. Brands of mats that are manufactured: 35, 75, 50, 100, 125.
2. There is a temperature indicator that has a limit when using this material.
3. There must be compliance with the nominal dimensions and with permissible deviations in dimensions. For example: with a length of 1000 - 6000 mm, a deviation of ± 2% is permissible. With a width of 500, 1000 (mm) ± one and a half% is acceptable. If thickness: 40 - 120 (mm) ± 10% is acceptable.

There are such exceptions, especially for:

• It is allowed to produce mats of other sizes upon customer request.
• If the mat has a construction purpose, then “-” deviations associated with the width are not acceptable.
• If the mat is produced for thermal insulation work in pipelines, “-” deviations associated with the length are acceptable.

1. Firmware for mats is required. A continuous seam should go: longitudinally, transversely. Covering with lining is required. The lining is stitched 4 to 6 times when the length is within 2000 mm. Mats without covers have much more mediocre properties, so they are not popular.

In some cases, they are produced without stitching, when they come in rolls made from a synthetic binder. The manufacturing process ends with the stage of exit from the chamber department.

Heat treatment takes place there. Rolls after the last stage of production are subject to packaging in kraft paper products.

1. The firmware must comply with the prescribed standards.
2. Unacceptable: tearing adjacent stitches; exceeding the gap by more than 10% along the length of the seams. Unraveling seams is also prohibited.
3. The necessary conditions for designations are: their abbreviation in the names of products, standards and covers; a mark indicating density characteristics is included; nominal size.

There are requirements for raw materials and their materials, namely:

According to GOST number 4640 - when producing pierced mats, mineral wool is required. The most commonly used mineral wool is Nobasil, mineral wool MINMAT REVERBERRY (thermal insulation processes), and mineral wool ROCKWOOL.

Rockwool mineral wool (used in tufted mats) is subject to production according to two standards: “80” and “105”.

Rockwool mineral wool mats are often used in insulation of high temperature surfaces, for insulation of pipes and pipelines. There are also foil mats made of Rockwool mineral wool, which are intended for: thermal insulation and anti-condensation insulation.

Mineral wool is a fibrous material. Its structure depends on the raw material and its production. Mineral wool is available in two main forms: rolls and comes as slabs. Mineral wool has a lot of advantages. For example, thermal conductivity, durability, sound absorption.

Mineral wool is widely used in many construction processes. Mineral wool slabs are used to insulate facades. Such slabs are characterized by a density of 140 kg/cub.m. These plates have a protective function - water absorption. For stable geometry of slab products, gaps are not allowed.

Comparing them with expanded polystyrene, mineral wool slabs are heavier, but they absorb more water. Choosing a mineral wool slab will serve as the right decision for industrial construction. Mineral wool slabs are also softer than polystyrene foam.

Synthetic resins (water-soluble) are used for binding, and oil and organosilicon additives are used as water-repellent additives.

A metal mesh made of basalt and silica fabric is used for the lining. Threads are stitching material.

The entire composition of the mat is indicated by the manufacturing company in special documentation. The production of stitched mats requires compliance with GOST.

1.3 Advantages and properties

There are three main advantages:

1. This material is also quite convenient and quick for installation.
2. Resistant to chemicals.
3. Fire resistant.

Thermal insulation, sound insulation and other types of materials with a quality certificate. The quality certificate indicates the manufacture of products in accordance with GOST requirements and parameters. When selling all building materials, stores present a quality certificate.

Quality certificate - guarantees the service of the material for a long period. Its correct assessment and reliability are also important.

There are a lot of manufacturing companies that can offer a huge selection of tufted mineral wool mats that comply with GOST. All mats have stickers and the specified GOST. And GOST, as you know, defines: quality, usefulness.

Each building material tested according to GOST standards is given a number. Each GOST is developed by the committee responsible for standardization.

GOST also contains: rules for storage, reception, methodical testing and transportation of pierced mineral wool mats.

Thermal insulation pierced stone wool mats are one of the most effective. The need to use mats is quite high. The size of the mats, the parameters of the mats, the characteristics of the mats - everything is maintained by the manufacturer.

Thermal insulating pierced mats are produced with the addition of a binder in an amount of 2%. Thermal insulation properties are determined by the presence of many channels in the structure, where the air is stationary and has minimal thermal conductivity.

Mineral mats are environmentally friendly, which is a significant additional advantage.

Soundproofing pierced mineral wool mats are often used by power plants and petrochemical facilities. Among the stitched soundproofing mats there is very high quality material from the TECHNONICOL company.

Types of mineral wool mats include 3 more types of such materials: foil, laminated and laminated.

The use of pierced mats is gaining momentum every year, because the construction industry is developing at a rapid pace.

The use of pierced mineral wool mats in pipe insulation is also growing, as is the use of pierced mats in insulation work in steam pipelines. The stitching mat is an excellent help in many issues in industrial and civil construction.

1.4 Insulation of pipes in industry with pierced mats (video)