Cinder block house: how to insulate it from the outside? Insulation of a cinder block house. Is it possible to sheathe a cinder block house with polystyrene foam?

Construction Materials, which are used to create a house require further processing.

For example, materials such as brick, concrete, cinder block and foam block do not look high quality in appearance. To give your home an aesthetic appearance this material subjected to further processing. Next we will describe, what is the best way to clad a house?.

There are many cladding options outer surface Houses.

Curtain facade

At its core curtain façade this is a false wall metal frame, which is located at some distance from the main wall. It is on this false wall that the finishing material is subsequently hung. The positive aspects include the fact that you can insulate the walls of the house with outside without taking up room space.

Also such insulation options are very relevant for cinder block houses. In addition, the market offers a large number of finishing materials, which also refers to positive aspects.

When facing, most often use metal and vinyl siding, these are the most popular Decoration Materials . Ceramic panels and porcelain tiles are used much less frequently.

Despite the fact that vinyl siding is inexpensive and very practical way give the facade of the house decent looking, it should be said that plastic has an electrostatic property that attracts dust. In addition, metal or vinyl siding will not help you create an aesthetically pleasing home, as the striped appearance of this siding does not look good enough.

Market of fiber cement and ceramic panels offers you a wide range of textures and colors, various imitations of the structure of wood, timber or decorative plaster. You can find all this on the building materials market. Some varieties metal siding and porcelain tiles are not lagging behind in this race. IN in this case it is not possible to provide any specific recommendation. In some situations, it is worth proceeding from the guarantees offered by the manufacturer and from personal choice.

Video: DIY siding installation instructions

Natural and artificial stone for cladding

Natural and artificial stone is the best materials for building cladding. The stone always and everywhere looked elegant and dignified. If you decide to use stone as a facing material, you will never regret your choice. Of course, you can use a stone substitute, especially since today there are many of them, but it will never be able to “catch up” with natural material.

Marble or granite, shell rock or Dagestan stone, the choice is yours. The installation process and application of the facing material are not difficult. Artificial stone is similar in characteristics to natural stone, however, it has a more affordable price.

Video: instructions for laying artificial stone with your own hands

Decorative plaster mixtures

The most common material for cladding external walls. This method façade cladding is quite simple and not expensive. Apply to the surface of the walls sand plaster, on top of which a layer is placed decorative mixture, creating a relief surface of the wall. Next, paint is applied.

If you decide to insulate the walls, then insulating material is attached before the plaster, on top of which a mesh is applied to ensure high-quality fastening of the plaster. Particular attention should be paid to the paint, since paint that is not intended for the facade will fade and become faded over time.

Brick cladding

Brick cladding can also be used, but it requires many additional conditions. And you need to remember about it when creating a project for the house itself. If your foundation is poured without taking into account brick cladding, you may have difficulties in the future.

Don't forget that you can always just paint your cinder block house. Using a special facade paint, you can give your home a bright and unforgettable look.

Video: main types of exterior decoration of a house

A cinder block house, unlike buildings made of other materials, has extremely low thermal insulation parameters, which is why the owners of such buildings need to insulate the walls from the outside as soon as possible.

This rule is especially relevant for houses in Russia, where, due to harsh climatic conditions V winter time houses can freeze very much.

How to properly insulate buildings

When talking about insulation of any buildings and structures, we always share possible options thermal insulation into two types - insulation outside and inside.

For cinder block houses, it is usually recommended to insulate the walls from the outside, this is due to the fact that when insulating the walls from the inside, the dew point located between the building structure and the thermal insulation may shift. Due to a shift in the dew point, moisture can accumulate on the walls, causing mold and mildew to occur.

Internal insulation of buildings has other disadvantages, in particular, due to the large thickness of the thermal insulation layer, the area will be reduced interior space, which is especially unpleasant for owners of small cinder block houses, where there is already a lack of living space.

For these and other reasons, it is customary to install a layer of thermal insulation on the outside.

Insulation materials

Currently there are many various options insulation of a cinder block house from the outside.

Among the most common insulation materials, mineral or glass wool, polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, extruded polystyrene foam, etc.

To better understand the advantages and disadvantages of these materials, you need to consider each of them separately.

Mineral wool and glass wool

Mineral wool and glass wool are common materials that can be used to quickly insulate any structure. Such products are made in two main types: in rolls and in the form of small slabs.

In terms of technical and operational characteristics, mineral wool and glass wool practically do not differ from each other, therefore their advantages and disadvantages can be described together.

The table below presents the most important advantages and disadvantages of insulation from mineral wool and glass wool.

Expanded polystyrene and extruded polystyrene foam

Extruded polystyrene foam differs from conventional polystyrene foam in production methods.

Extruded polystyrene foam has a denser and stronger structure and is more low level moisture absorption. At the same time, extruded polystyrene foam is significantly more expensive, which seriously affects its popularity among owners of cinder block houses.

Expanded polystyrene of both types is usually produced in the form of slabs of various sizes, but today there are also products in rolls on the market.

The table below shows the advantages and disadvantages of both types of foam.

Installation options for the insulating layer

To insulate a block house, it is not enough to simply purchase required amount insulation material, you still need to carry out high-quality installation.

Process installation work V block house will vary depending on the type of insulation chosen.

Installation of mineral wool insulation

Insulate cinder block house using mineral wool is not the easiest task, but it can be done if you follow professional instructions. When using such insulation, the most popular method is wet installation.

To begin with, an owner who wants to insulate a house needs to prepare the surface for laying a layer of insulation; the walls must be cleaned of dirt, all cracks and irregularities must be plastered, after which a standard primer is applied.

In preparation for installation, it is also necessary to install the support base of the first row of insulation.

When preparatory work will be completed, you will need to prepare the required amount of adhesive solution for laying the insulation. The glue must be prepared in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, which should be on the packaging.

The prepared glue is applied to each individual insulation board, after which it is installed on the wall surface.

It is important to remember that there should be no gaps between the individual insulation slabs, and therefore the slabs are laid either overlapping, or after laying the gaps are filled with separate strips of mineral wool.

After placing the insulation layer on the surface of the walls of the house, a special reinforcing, protective mesh is attached on top of it. After a day or more, you can complete the installation - plaster the surface of the insulation.

Installation of foam plastic

If it was decided to use expanded polystyrene, then this work will have a different sequence of actions, although many stages of the work will be very similar to wet laying of mineral wool.

First you need to prepare the walls - cleaning, sealing cracks and irregularities, after which the surface is primed.

At the second stage, the owner will need to prepare glue and apply a waterproofing layer, which are necessary to protect the insulating material from moisture. After this, the foam tiles are glued to the walls, and there should be no gaps or cracks between the individual slabs.

Glued polystyrene foam boards must be primed and a protective mesh secured to their surface. When the glued mesh dries, a primer will need to be applied to its surface again, after which putty can be applied.

Thanks to the application of putty, the owner can obtain a perfectly flat surface of the walls, which can be finished using various facing materials, to give the building the required appearance.

Want to more information on this topic? Check out these articles:

Today we will tell you how to insulate a cinder block bathhouse from the inside and why, contrary to the instructions of heating engineers, you have to do exactly interior work. Houses should be insulated from the street side using one of two methods. The cinder block is laid in one row, unlike brickwork there is no air buffer zone, and as you know, air is the best heat insulator. The blocks are afraid of moisture and they are very cold, so you can’t do without insulation in tandem with special films.

Choosing material for cinder block walls

Without insulation, a cinder block house will be cold.

Before we talk about the method of insulating cinder block walls from the outside and inside, let’s decide on the materials:

• mineral wool (mats or );
• liquid thermal insulation (PPU, penoizol, );
• expanded polystyrene (regular and extruded);
• penofol.

Besides thermal insulation materials, special films are used. Before insulating a cinder block house, let’s look at the types of films (membranes) that are used to protect thermal insulation. There are three types in total:

• wind barrier - does not blow through, allows moisture and steam to pass through;
• waterproofing – protection from moisture, allows steam to escape from the thermal insulation;
• vapor barrier - does not let anything through.

It is important to lay membranes right side, otherwise they will not perform their tasks. In principle, the choice of thermal insulation largely depends on the conditions under which the thermal insulation will be used. For example, in a house or a bathhouse, because in the latter not only increased level humidity, and very high temperatures, especially in the steam room. It is very important that the thermal insulation withstands high temperatures and does not emit toxic substances.

Internal or external insulation

How to properly insulate a cinder block house: from the inside or the outside? We have discussed this issue more than once and once again we will repeat that, according to technology, thermal insulation should be attached from the street side. Only in this case you do not risk moving the dew point to inner part walls will get worse results than before insulation. There are situations when you have to install thermal insulation inside, for example, in a steam room, because by insulating a cinder block bathhouse from the inside, you will protect the walls from moisture, which is also very important. Concrete blocks in conditions high humidity will last much less.

In addition, insulating a cinder block house from the outside is necessarily accompanied by a calculation of the thickness of the insulation. In each case, this indicator will be different, the result is affected by:

• region of your residence;
• wall thickness.

During the construction of walls, the blocks are placed on edge or laid flat, and in one row. It turns out that there is no air buffer zone, as with brickwork. Practice has shown that even if you choose the largest blocks, such buildings cannot do without additional thermal insulation.

How to insulate cinder block walls from the inside

The steam room in the bathhouse is insulated from the inside.

Internal insulation of a cinder block house is not recommended, unless, for example, you can use special paint with ceramic hollow spheres or penofol as additional thermal insulation. As independent materials they are ineffective. Thermal insulation of cinder block walls from the inside is practiced in steam saunas, when it is additionally necessary to protect the walls from moisture. In this case, the main thing is to prevent moisture from the steam room from getting into the insulation layer. Naturally, you can only use mineral wool. Work method:

• on inside the walls in the steam room are erected with a wooden frame;
• Mineral wool, preferably basalt, is placed between the guides;
• foil insulation is spread over the sheathing - it is very effective for saunas, as it blocks infrared radiation and does not allow steam to pass through;
• a second tier of sheathing is installed on top of the foam foam;
• A wooden lining is attached to the second tier.

Mineral wool needs to be laid in two layers and ensure that the joints do not coincide. The minimum insulation layer is 10 cm. The main thing is not to forget to glue the foam foam joints with special (not stationery) tape. Also, one should not neglect the ventilation gap between penofol and wooden clapboard. Without it, reflective insulation simply will not work, and besides, the condensation on the foam foam must evaporate. Penofol foil often has small holes that are invisible to the eye. Therefore, to be on the safe side, you need to lay a vapor barrier membrane under the penofol.

External insulation method

Wet facade technique.

External insulation of a cinder block wall is performed using two methods:

• wet facade;
• ventilated facade.

Before you insulate a cinder block house from the outside, you should decide on a methodology to make it easier for you to figure out what will be more profitable. Wet facade- This is the application of plaster directly on top of the insulation. This method is possible using mineral wool or polystyrene foam (regular and extruded). The density of wool must be at least 50 kg/m. cube, foam plastic not less than 25 kg/m. cube, error in big side welcome.

How to insulate a cinder block house from the outside using the wet facade method:

• the wall must be smooth and primed;
• The thermal insulation is glued to the wall and fixed with dowels;
• a layer of putty is applied, a reinforcing mesh is embedded in it, a special plastic corner is used at the corners;
• a second layer of putty is applied on top;
• the surface is primed and painted.

Mineral wool is glued to universal dry construction adhesive, which must be diluted with water, and can also be used to putty. Polystyrene foam, in addition to such glue, can be attached to adhesive foam - similar to mounting foam, but intended for polystyrene foam boards.

If the insulation is laid in two layers, then the slabs of each layer must be secured with dowels, because they will be subject to the load not only from the weight of the thermal insulation, but also from two layers of putty. Naturally, all seams are foamed and they should not match. Do not ignore slopes; cold air enters the room through them.

Ventilated façade technique.

The ventilated façade technique involves constructing a structure from the outside, where the thermal insulation layer will be blown through. This is necessary to remove all possible condensation and for cooling, which is convenient in the hot summer. The technique can be used:

• mineral wool;
• polystyrene foam with its derivatives;
• liquid thermal insulation;
• ecowool.

First, the first level of sheathing is erected, then the thermal insulation stage. Mineral wool and foam plastic are glued, and ecowool, polyurethane foam and penoizol are sprayed onto the wall using a compressor. Afterwards, any film is laid, which should first of all be a wind barrier, and if it still does not allow moisture to pass through, this is only a plus. The next level of sheathing is built on top of the film, which is necessary so that there is a ventilation gap between the thermal insulation and the finishing. In the buffer air zone, flows always circulate from bottom to top, like an exhaust hood. Considering this fact, Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the degree of flammability of the materials used. Should choose , which we already wrote about once.

Brief summary

Before you insulate a cinder block house from the inside, remember the parting words of heating engineers: “ Good result provides only external insulation.” Work inside is carried out only if it is necessary to protect the walls from the destructive effects of moisture, for example, in a steam room. In houses, internal thermal insulation can be in addition to the external one, nothing more. From the street side, a house can be insulated using two methods: wet and ventilated facade. Before work, always consider which layer of thermal insulation is needed specifically in your case.

The question of insulating a cinder block house from the outside usually arises after construction. This is not surprising, since the thermal conductivity of a cinder block medium density fluctuates somewhere around 0.35 to 0.6 W/(m 0C). This significant variation largely depends on the material from which the cinder block is made, as well as on the structure of its parts.

Based on this, in order to provide the house with the required thermal resistance according to SNiP 23-02-2003, the thickness of cinder block walls should fluctuate around 1.5 - 2 meters. Agree, creating such walls is extremely unprofitable, so the use of modern thermal insulation materials allows us to solve this problem.

Why and how to insulate a cinder block house

But what kind of insulation of a cinder block house from the inside or outside should we choose? Due to the fact that when laying a layer of thermal insulation indoors, the dew point moves and is located between the wall and your coolant. Taking this into account, moisture will constantly form on the wall.

Therefore, fungus may form, and due to moisture getting on the thermal insulation, its insulating properties will significantly deteriorate. Plus, you lose most of your living space.

By insulating cinder block walls from the outside, you save living space, eliminate the formation of moisture and fungus inside the room, and in addition, you do not need to free up space in the rooms to install thermal insulation and move them from one room to another. The end result with both methods of insulation is approximately the same, and with external insulation it is often much higher.

Types of materials

The most common way to insulate a cinder block house from the outside is to lay materials made of mineral or glass wool and polystyrene foam or extruded polystyrene foam.

Mineral and glass wool

First, let's look at mineral wool. Both types of material are available in both rolls and slabs (see also article). Since the properties of these two materials are approximately the same, we will consider them together.

The advantages of these materials include the following:

1. It has a thermal conductivity of 0.041 W/(m 0C), this is a fairly good indicator, but depending on the density of mineral (glass) wool, although slightly, it can vary.
2. It has fairly high noise insulation rates, which largely depend on the density of the wool.
3. It has good fire resistance, which allows the cotton wool to extinguish in the absence of open fire.
4. Much more convenient to install on uneven surfaces, in addition, effectively fills voids.

The disadvantages of mineral (glass) wool include:

1. Poor moisture insulation. That is, even with slight wetness, the insulation loses up to half of its thermal insulation properties.
2. More complex installation procedure insulating material .

Using roll insulation possible “dumping” of individual parts into vertical structures. It is worth noting that this can only happen when doing the work yourself or due to the dishonesty of contractors.

Expanded polystyrene and extruded polystyrene foam

In addition, it has a more durable structure, and its moisture absorption is almost 10 times less. But all these advantages are offset by its cost, since its price is much higher. Both types of foam are produced in slabs; sometimes extruded foam can be found in rolls.

The advantages of both types of foam include:

Expanded polystyrene is produced not only in sheets, but can also be in rolls

1. The thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.039 W/(m 0C), this is slightly better than that of mineral wool, but the difference is not significant.
2. Due to the presence of moisture resistance, it can be briefly exposed to water, in addition, under its influence it does not lose its thermal insulation properties.
3. Very convenient for installation on flat areas of the wall.
4. Certain types of sheets are fire resistant, which allows them to extinguish in the absence of direct contact with a burning object.

The disadvantages of both types of expanded polystyrene include:

1. Poor sound insulation of these materials.
2. Some types of foam plastics with a low degree of fire resistance are quite fire hazardous and support combustion. At the same time, during combustion they emit acrid smoke (Find out also,).
3. Ordinary polystyrene foam is quite fragile. Because of this, problems may arise during installation, or if moisture gets on it, freezing, installation will be difficult, since as a result the material may break.

It is worth noting that, according to popular belief, polystyrene foam is actively eaten by rodents. This is not so, they make their nests in it, since it is warmer there, and in polystyrene foam it is much more audible than in mineral wool.

Methods for laying insulation

Laying mineral wool

When laying mineral wool, the surface must be primed

If you have chosen a material, but do not know how to insulate cinder block walls, follow our instructions. Since we are considering the option of insulation finished house, then the most acceptable option is “wet” installation.

For mineral or glass wool, the sequence of actions is as follows:

1. Preparing the surface. At this stage, you should clean and plaster the cracks in your wall, as well as prime it. In addition, at this stage it is necessary to install a plinth to support the first row
2. The next step is to prepare the glue for fastening. The cooking instructions will help you in this matter, as some compositions have differences in the preparation process.
3. Then we apply glue to the slab of cotton wool and glue it to the wall. When gluing, it is worth remembering that there should not be cracks and gaps between the plates and it is best to overlap the joints or tightly hammer the cracks.
4. Now we apply a layer of glue to the insulation and attach a fiberglass reinforcing mesh. We coat it thoroughly and let it dry for about a day.
5. All that remains is to apply primer paint and plaster the surface. This can be done with either regular putty or decorative putty.

Laying polystyrene foam

The method of insulation with foam plastic is in many ways similar to the method of “wet” laying mineral wool. By the way, the insulation of the loggia is done in the same way.

To attach polystyrene foam:

1. We are preparing the wall. To do this, we clean it and plaster the cracks.
2. We prime the wall surface.
3. Cooking glue solution and apply waterproofing. It should protect the foam from moisture and thereby preserve its properties.
4. Now we glue the foam sheets. At the same time, cracks should not be allowed, otherwise all the work has been done in vain.
5. After gluing the sheets, we prime the surface and attach a reinforcing mesh to them.
6. After the surface has dried, we prime it again and our wall is ready for putty.
7. After applying it you should have a wonderful result. Smooth surface, which you can color according to your wishes.
8. Insulating your home will help you not only significantly increase your living comfort and reduce heating costs. With quality exterior work, you can give your home an attractive appearance and save on air conditioning, since such a house will also heat up less.

The video in this article will help you look at this topic in more detail.

Building a house from cinder blocks has a number of obvious advantages. Such construction is economically profitable, because the walls of such a structure are erected quite quickly.

However, when building a house from cinder blocks, you need to know how to insulate cinder block walls and perform this procedure as efficiently as possible.

Classification

Today there are two technologies for building insulation:

1. “wet” with plastering, involving mechanical or adhesive installation thermal insulation to the wall surface and subsequent laying of the reinforcing layer and finishing decorative coating;
2. “dry” using a protective and decorative screen.

Insulation options

This is not to say that cinder block is a completely ideal material. It is characterized by some disadvantages. For example, the material does not tolerate dampness, especially with insufficient high-quality insulation. The structure freezes, and then, when it thaws, the cinder block can crumble. That is why it must be insulated. Today, there are several technologies that answer the question of how to insulate a cinder block house from the inside or outside.

Before starting work, you need to clearly understand: it’s just cold in the house, or the walls of the house are really freezing and damp. The process of insulating the outside of a building can be carried out using the methods described below.

Ventilated facade

The ventilated system consists of stacked elements connecting to a single façade structure. Quality system characterized by the ideal placement of existing finishing elements located in the same plane with the facade.

In this case, the gap that forms between two adjacent panels can be minimal or pronounced. Installation of panels with gaps will allow you to hide various flaws in the work, as well as, if necessary, adjust the finishing elements.

Some types of systems provide 3D adjustment, thanks to which you can perfectly align the plane of each element relative to the adjacent one.

With help special material, façade sealant, do it yourself with putty on the seams between ceramic tiles. After this, the seams must be covered with ceramic chips.

It is especially important to correctly calculate the thickness of the ventilation gap.

Note!
Different types of systems are able to provide gaps of different thicknesses.

This parameter directly depends on the thickness of the insulating material used. However, the limit norm is considered to be 100 mm; otherwise, too much traction occurs in the formed space. It is extremely undesirable in case of fire.

Note!
The minimum gap width that can provide effective ventilation walls is 20 mm.
In case of one-story building It is better to increase the gap to 4 cm, then the required volume of ventilation will be provided.

The instructions for most systems for installing facades imply the following procedure:

1. surface marking;
2. fastening guides;
3. installation and fixation of insulating material;
4. installation windproof membrane on top of insulation;
5. installation of sub-cladding structure;
6. laying facing material.

Note!
The insulation material must be securely fixed, otherwise the insulation boards are likely to slip, which will lead to the formation of cooling sections of the wall.

Two-layer mineral wool insulation materials are fixed with the harder side of the building, which ensures an excellent fit of the slabs with the soft side to the surface of the building wall. At the same time, the outer side of the structure will retain some rigidity.

Layered masonry

You can also insulate a cinder block house from the outside using the layered masonry method. This technology involves the creation of a three-layer structure using effective insulating material between the surface of the load-bearing or self-supporting wall and facing material.

Since you can insulate a cinder block house from the outside using this method even with your own hands, a similar three-layer construction very popular.

In addition, it has a number of advantages:

• small thickness and weight;
• fire resistance;
• unique appearance.

Layered masonry during insulation work often has no external differences from monolithic brickwork. Therefore, experts consider such walls to be reliable and durable.

The most interesting thing is that apartments in houses whose facades are made facing bricks, are always in demand, because not many people understand that this house is not actually built of brick.

The layered masonry method stands out from other existing techniques:

• simplicity of the set of materials;
• standard installation method;
• as well as the opportunity to carry out work year-round.

Warm facade

Facade systems as a method of implementation thermal insulation works for buildings is a multilayer structure and at the same time structural element structures