The simplest porch made of wood with your own. Self-construction of a wooden porch with a canopy. Video - Do-it-yourself porch to a house made of a profile pipe under polycarbonate

Wood will always remain our favorite material, because it is alive and natural; stone, even natural, does not have this property, and especially glass and concrete do not. As long as a person lives, they will build with their own hands. A wooden house has a peculiarity - it can easily be matched with a porch made of wood, but almost never one made of metal or plastic. You have to be a great specialist in the design of wooden houses in order to organically integrate a modern “metal” style into the facade of a wooden house. And even more so, it’s not easy to make a beautiful porch with your own hands without a project.

Choosing a porch project for a wooden house

The task of working with your own hands is greatly simplified if you take into account several rules for the mutual combination of the features of the porch and the facade of the house:

1. The porch for a wooden house can be made in the same style as the house itself. But do not make a small copy of the house, but ensure that its design looks like an integral part of the building. Look at a few photos. In all cases, a beautiful porch looks harmonious due to its functionality and thoughtful style;
2. You can create a contrast between the beautiful texture of the porch and the standard appearance of an ordinary wooden house. Against the background of a boring, neat look of a wooden house, the porch will look more impressive.

Important ! Most of the beautiful projects attract with their simple and stylish design, which does not contain unnecessary elements or “empty” decorations.

Please note that in the above photos you can choose a whole photo gallery of the most successful projects with a minimum amount of decor; beauty is achieved only thanks to the natural characteristics of wood.

Interesting porch designs for a wooden house

The bulk of do-it-yourself wooden house projects are made either in the old “chopped” style, or stylized as wooden ones with extensive use of metal, ceramics, and wooden beams. Houses of both styles are very beautiful, and with the right selection of porches they take on the appearance of a work of art.

House and porch in “chopped” style

Much of the beauty of the house and porch depends on the correctly chosen style of wooden construction. For example, a standard cottage, which does not have any special refinements in shape and design in the photo, changes dramatically in perception after vertical posts made from tree trunks have been added. Their unusual shape made it easy to stylize the entire building of the house with an unusual “forest” look. “Hut on chicken legs” style.

Often, wooden houses are built with their own hands using the old ancestral method from large wooden logs. Almost always, such “log houses” turn out to be large two-story buildings, reminiscent of medieval Siberian houses. But with the correct location of the porch and compliance with the general style, the house can greatly benefit from making a beautiful “antique” carved porch, as in the photo.

Oddly enough, most houses built of wood repeat modern architecture, which is poorly combined with the ancient “chopped” style. The desire to create a complex roof and a log vault of walls leads to the appearance of a kind of “remake” - the texture of an old wooden house, mechanically transferred to a new architectural appearance. In such options, a beautiful carved porch practically saves the entire ensemble.

Some lovers prefer a classic wooden house based on the patterns and canons of the 18th century. Particularly interesting are the options typical for the northern latitudes of the country. Even in the photo, such projects look simple and very functional, there is nothing unnecessary in the design of the roof and walls, but one feels that the house is unusually strong and reliable. An openwork porch with beautiful stairs very accurately complements the beauty of a wooden house.

Almost always, the porch looks very beautiful and organic, it can complement and emphasize the beauty of the house if it is small in size, so the design of a small porch is not lost, but correctly complements the main building, as in the photo.

Stylization for “chopped” buildings

The effect of proportionality forces lovers of large houses to artificially increase the size of the porch in order to maintain the correct proportions in the house. In the appearance of the facade of a beautiful wooden house, the main role is given to the porch; it is made of wood, but looks very modern and stylish, thanks to its laconic and beautiful design and well-chosen tinting of the load-bearing supports and wooden cladding of the house. The achieved effect speaks for itself in the photo.

The most successful and attractive wooden houses are not of the “logged” style, but those stylized as a log house. The architecture of such a house is more elegant and modern. In the photo you can see how to use a beautiful carved ornament that is organically combined with the general ideology of the wooden structure of the house. The porch turned out to be very spacious and bright, the carved ornament goes very well with the overall decor of the wooden house.

The walls and porch made of wood look more modern and stylish, and there is no excess in the use of antique decorative elements. Moreover, the porch itself is very beautiful and complements well the facade of the wooden house, in the photo. But in such solutions, in order to maintain the overall style, the porch was faced with ceramic tiles of a very well-chosen shade. In this design, the monumentality of the building and the finishing of the timber to match expensive types of wood require an exquisite texture of the material for the wooden porch, so the stone steps are made with ceramic cladding.

Non-wooden porch for a wooden house

There are many successful options when builders and architects manage to combine with their own hands the warm style of a wooden house with the cold modern style in which the porch of the house is built. Wood goes very well with stone and ceramic tiles

The metal and plastic from which the porch is built do not at all spoil the appearance of the wooden house, although the structure itself looks a little unusual, but not alien, thanks to the successful wooden texture of the cladding and the design of the house itself.

It is not always possible to harmoniously combine a wooden house and a non-wooden porch. The complexity of this approach lies in the need to carefully select a compromise between the bright appearance of the wooden facade and the discreet style of the porch. Sometimes this is achieved by using a minimum of metal and glass in the porch. For example, in the photo it was possible to solve the compatibility problem thanks to the use of forged elements and a thin openwork construction scheme. In addition, the shading formed by the pine trees growing around it has a beneficial effect on the overall background of the house.

Advice ! One of the secrets to properly building a porch with your own hands is to use the right color scheme.

For open and brightly lit areas, a wooden house is usually made in light colors; they try not to highlight the porch too much. In conditions where most of the façade is covered by trees, it would be more organic to use more subdued tones and a minimum of varnished surfaces.

A simple solution, beautiful and tasteful

A beautiful porch does not necessarily have to impress with its size and richness of decor. For small houses, you can use the simplest solutions of stairs and side railings. At the same time, the main emphasis should be placed on reliability and comfort due to the wide top platform, comfortable steps and very beautiful exterior finishing using special varnish and wax compounds, as in the photo.

The option in the photo below will be optimal for a summer house or country house. Such a porch can be considered a whole terrace. Often, due to the beautiful natural shade, the porch parts are not even painted, but are treated with wax mastics, so that the texture of the elements resembles freshly cut wood.

A simple design does not mean wretchedness; one of the nicest projects is a porch with several steps for an ordinary residential building in the city.

Natural color and good sunlight very well emphasize the classic design of the porch. This is a typical version of the attached scheme, when the staircase is built with your own hands to the landing in front of the front door of the house. At the same time, the canopy and the porch itself turned out to be very small in size, do not take up much space, and are absolutely organically combined with the appearance of the house itself.

Important ! To build such options, many construction companies produce standard porch designs in ready-made kits, which can be assembled and built in front of the entrance to a dacha or small house with your own hands.

Conclusion

The most successful do-it-yourself porch options for a home are obtained by individually selecting a canopy, stairs, railings and an upper platform in front of the door. But even with this approach, the best choice would be to make a simple and beautiful structure made of wood with a reliable canopy made of modern materials.

The porch performs not only decorative functions. In winter, it protects the front door from snow drifts, and in summer, from rain or heat. It can be made from metal, stone, brick, concrete, but the best option for a wooden house would be a porch made of good wood. You can build a porch for a wooden house with your own hands if you approach this matter prepared, and for this we recommend that you read our article.

Porch dimensions

To freely approach the front door and open it, you need free space. According to building codes, the upper platform of the porch adjacent to a single-leaf door must have a width of 1.6 m, for a double-leaf door - from 2 m. The distance from the door to the first of the steps is 1 m. To protect from rain and snow, a canopy is made over the porch slightly wider than the platform (30 cm).

Must be normalized width and height of steps, in which the average width of a person’s step is taken as a basis. Their optimal height is 16-19 cm with a width of 25-33 cm. Since a person starts climbing the stairs and finishes it with one leg, the number of steps should be odd.

Standard step sizes

In winter, the steps are often covered with ice, so the porch should be equipped with handrails. If there are more than 3 steps, their manufacture is mandatory. Standard railing height– 80-90 cm.

Important! The upper platform of the porch should be 5-10 cm below the door threshold. Otherwise, during seasonal soil fluctuations, it may rise and block the door.

Foundation

The simplest foundation for a wooden porch is piles. They can be made from wooden beams treated with an antiseptic or burned in a fire, or metal pipes. Depth such supports should be slightly below (20-30 cm) the level of soil freezing.

To install the piles, a small layer of sand is first poured into the holes prepared for them, and then gravel. Such a pillow will remove moisture from the supports and protect them from premature rotting.

Foundation for a porch on wooden piles

After installing the supports and leveling them, the space between them and the ground is filled with concrete mortar. Extreme supports They are attached to the wall of the house with large nails or self-tapping screws. Further work should be carried out only after the concrete has completely hardened.

Important! If a concrete foundation is chosen for the porch, it is imperative to provide expansion joint. Otherwise, during seasonal soil movements, due to the difference in the load on the supports, the foundation at the point of its connection with the building may crack. To prevent moisture from entering, such an expansion joint can be filled with any flexible material (rubber gasket, mineral wool, etc.) and then covered with a stripping.

An expansion joint should be provided between the base of the house and the porch

What is a kosour?

The side inclined boards to which the steps are attached are called bowstrings. The steps in them can be inserted into special grooves cut into the bowstring, mounted on screws, dowels, studs or special steel fasteners.

Stair strings

But most often stairs are made, the bowstrings of which have cutouts, on which the steps lie. This type of bowstring is called stringer.

Stairs with one stringer are rare. Most often, the steps are mounted on two or (if the span width is large enough and ranges from 1.2-1.5 m) on three supports.

Making a stringer

Staircase on three stringers

All stringers are divided into two main types:

Regular stepped; have triangular cutouts placed at equal distances from each other; a significant disadvantage of this method is the thinning of the wooden beam after it is cut;

WITH "fillies": small bars (dowels) to support the steps, which are inserted into the slots of the stringers; quite complex, but more durable design.

Stringer with fillies

The stringer is the most complex structural element, so its dimensions and the width of the cutouts should be measured with special care. To facilitate the process, you can use a stencil made from a piece of plywood or thick, even cardboard.

The horizontal cutouts for the steps in the stringer must be equal tread(width of the step). The size of the vertical cut is riser(step height).

Important! When measuring the size of a stringer or bowstring, it should be taken into account that the tread of the first step should become a continuation of the platform.

To prevent the support beams from bending under the weight of people walking along the stairs, the boards from which bowstrings or stringers will be made must be thick enough - from 60 mm at width from 30 cm. They are made from high-quality hardwood (spruce, pine, maple, oak or beech), which does not have cracks or knots.

Stringers made from metal profiles are more durable and reliable. For this you can use steel corners.

Channel stringers

Porch assembly

Before starting assembly, to protect it from rotting, you should carefully treat the wood with any antibacterial agents and paint it several times with drying oil or varnish.

1. After the concrete mortar has hardened in the support pillars holes are cut out for laying the top part of stringers or bowstrings (they are attached without nails). The lower part of the bowstrings should lie on support pads, resting on nickels.

Fastening the upper part of the stringer

Notches for attaching the bottom of the stringer

2. Placed on support piles lags and are attached using self-tapping screws. For their manufacture, 5-centimeter strong boards are used. They are laid on the logs floorboards thickness from 2.5 cm.

3. To ensure ventilation, be sure to leave a small 20mm gap. The same gap is left between the steps and the tread. There is no need to make too large a distance between the boards - after all, during use, the wood will dry out and the size of the cracks will increase.

4. Laying the steps begins from the bottom. If desired, you can do without risers by laying only treads.

You don’t have to make steps for the street porch

5. Treads and risers are attached to screws with wide heads. They are slightly (a couple of millimeters) recessed into the boards. Metal brackets can also be used for fastening. The ideal option would be to use boards with a tongue-and-groove system.

Fastening steps and risers

Probably everyone knows that the porch in any house must have functionality and also fit harmoniously into the exterior of the building itself, because it is considered the calling card. There are many different options for how best to implement the construction of a porch for a private home. All this directly depends on your taste, the chosen material and the overall budget. With all this, we can easily say that building a strong and durable porch with your own hands is quite possible.

The porch itself consists of a completely open area, often along with a staircase located in front of the entrance to the house. It can be of absolutely any shape, optionally with or without a canopy, and also made of different materials.

In principle, the entire structure of the porch to the house can be divided into three types:

1. Attached;

2. Built-in;

3. Simple.

How are they different?

Simple - this is an ordinary platform along with steps and, of course, a canopy. When assembling this type of porch with your own hands, the most difficult thing is pouring the foundation, since it is necessary even for a simple wooden porch structure.

A do-it-yourself built-in porch is initially designed together with the house, so it is built completely.

The attached type does not have any external differences with the built-in version, the only thing is that it is slightly modified and slightly rebuilt. The advantage is that such a porch can be easily added with your own hands through minor alterations.

Remember! For any porch, a foundation is required; it is this that prevents the slightest deformation of the steps during seasonal temperature changes.

Building a foundation for all types of porches

The most important thing is that the main foundation of the porch to the house should be similar to the foundation of the house. If this is not the case, then during ground settlement and winter frosts, your structure will simply become deformed. It is also possible that during soil settlement, your structure will move towards the house and then the porch foundation will be the first to suffer, since it is less massive. To correct this situation, minor repairs will not be enough and you will have to rebuild everything from scratch.

Since the screened porch is not intended for habitation, and there is no huge furniture there, it is possible to use an ordinary concrete pad, which will serve as the foundation itself.

However, when choosing concrete, any brick (white, red) or facing stone, the foundation must be reinforced. The fact is that this design puts a much greater load on the foundation itself than a wooden porch to the house.

Setting up the foundation for the porch with your own hands must begin directly with the markings. To begin, determine a rectangular area of ​​the required size; most importantly, do not forget that the porch itself must fit here. Then you should drive piles into each corner of the rectangle and then start digging a pit along the contour. Its depth should be no less than the main foundation.

Advice! There is no need to lay the foundation very deep. Of course, the load during the displacement of the foundation will become a little less, but it is simply impossible to avoid them completely, with the slightest settlement of the soil or sudden changes in temperature.

If you decide to install a canopy over the porch, then you will need to install supports, the rectangle for the pit itself should be increased on all sides by another 20-30 cm, and the piles can be driven in after the construction of the porch is completed.

To accomplish this, you will need to leave small rectangles of unexcavated area (approximately 20x20, perhaps 30x30 cm) at the points where the support will be installed a little later. Then you need to drill wells in each area, install the support well, drive it in as much as possible and be sure to carefully fill it with concrete.

In this case, formwork is very suitable, although if the soil is rocky, then in principle it is possible without it. To make it, you can use absolutely everything - chipboard, wood-laminated board and ordinary boards that turned out to be superfluous after construction. The main thing to remember is that plywood (laminated wood board) and chipboard are quite hygroscopic, so during rains and rising groundwater, they will begin to quickly creep, which is why, after the concrete has hardened, it is recommended to remove the formwork.

Do not throw away the remaining cuttings of boards that are coniferous wood, because the lumber of this tree has only positive features: after being completely saturated with water, they become much stronger and retain their elasticity.

Advice! If severe deformation occurs in the soil, for example, if your house is located on a slope or on a mountain, then coniferous formwork acts as a damper.

The most important and main element when building a porch foundation with your own hands is waterproofing. In order to equip it, you need to lay roofing felt on the bottom of the pit, and then on the entire surface inside the formwork. Reinforcement is carried out using high-quality bricks, on which it is necessary to lay a mesh and secure the grid with pre-prepared pieces of reinforcement.

Similar to this principle, the pit is filled with several layers, which include bricks along with a mesh, and then the structure is completely filled with concrete. To avoid the formation of voids, after each poured layer you should compact it thoroughly with a shovel.

Advice! To compact concrete well, it is better to purchase an electric vibrating compactor; if you do not have one, then rent it.

Due to the fact that the concrete dries for about a week, you will need to immediately level the surface of the foundation and be sure to cover it with roofing material with an overlap of about 50-60 cm on each edge, you can also use ordinary construction film. They will help protect the surface layer from any rain, since a large amount of water can make it quite fragile in the future, and then your foundation will simply be damaged.

If the need arises, you can cut off the top of the finished timber, then the piles will be at the same level. But try to calculate the height of the supports taking into account the front door, so the height difference should be about 5 cm. The logs are attached using self-tapping screws or dowels - it depends on the material of your wall.

DIY porch to the house. Projects. Photo

Traditional materials are often used for construction:

- tree;

- white, red brick;

- facing stone;

- metal;

- high-quality concrete.

DIY wooden porch

How to make a porch out of wood with your own hands? Today it is the most common material for construction. This is due to the fact that the tree is quite simple to manufacture and therefore building a porch from it with your own hands is quite easy and quick. To do this, you just need to have a circular saw (you can use the most ordinary one, but it must have the smallest teeth - this will greatly help in cutting accuracy), a special construction square and skillful hands.

Larch has long been considered the ideal material, followed by spruce and other conifers. Each of them is very durable and quite easy to process. The most interesting thing is that after impregnation, the material that is made from them is practically in no way inferior to oak or some other species that are several times harder.

Important to remember! To work with solid elements you will need good skills, the right tools and, most importantly, specific knowledge in this area. For example, the quality of drying oak material can only be determined by an experienced carpenter.

First of all, you will need to make a side angle (kosour). Since it is very impractical to make a porch for a wooden house with your own hands less than 120 cm wide, you will need at least three beams. It is best if the distance between them is about half a meter, this will make it much easier for you.

This approach will help ensure your porch has the strength, and most importantly, the durability of the structure you made yourself, regardless of how often the stairs will be used and with what weight load.

You need to know this! A stringer is a load-bearing beam in which teeth are cut; it plays an important role inside the support. It is advisable to lay the steps only on the horizontal ribs of these same teeth.

The bowstring (also called an inclined beam) must necessarily be several times thicker than the stringer itself. They are connected using cross beams. At the end, the required number of stringers is fixed between them.

You will definitely need a square to cut out the ribs and make even steps. The void between the teeth, even if it is 5-6 mm, will quickly cause the steps to sag slightly on one side and swell on the other. Sudden changes in temperature will significantly increase the difference in the levels of the steps.

It is customary to make the width of the steps according to the size of an adult’s foot, but it is better to take it with a margin, it is approximately 40 cm. The height between each step (riser) should not be made more than 20 cm.

It should be remembered that the number of steps must be odd and for this one additional edge should be provided. If there are four steps or more, you will need to make a railing for the porch to the house.

With a glazed porch and the stairs securely covered from moisture, you can do without overhanging steps. However, if the staircase is located outside, then an overhang is simply necessary, since thanks to it, water will drip onto the lower step, and not between them into the riser.

Advice! A ready-made staircase should be installed according to a special principle, so that the plane of the steps is slightly inclined (about 1-2 cm). This will help the water flow down instead of pooling and forming ice.

The structure is installed directly on a pre-prepared site, which is the foundation. In order for your porch to the house to be as strong as possible, you should install the ladder exactly in the place in the foundation where the lower beam along with the stringers was previously laid. You can also use it to push a small depression if the concrete has not completely hardened. This way you will get a fairly strong stop.

For the flooring in the upper landing, you can take the material that was used for the stairs. In this case, there is only one requirement: it is recommended to use the widest and longest boards that are available, and make the joints as precise as possible. When the boards are ground to each other as much as possible, you can not be afraid of deformation, even if the whole tree begins to dry out over time.

It will take approximately 3 to 7 days of work to build a wooden porch with your own hands. It all depends on the size of your site, on the stairs and, of course, on your skills in working directly with wood, but even a beginner can cope with all this. The most important thing is to divide the work into stages and do everything one by one, following the recommendations and instructions.

Metal porch

How to make a porch from metal? A porch that is made of metal has a very big advantage - it can be installed in about a few hours if you know how to use electric welding in your work. In addition, a metal structure will cost several times less if you do not buy forged elements. However, there are also disadvantages - you will have to assemble a standard porch with your own hands, and therefore it will not look very beautiful and original, unlike others. If you want to make a beautiful porch with your own hands, you can buy forged products, but you will need to wait up to 4 weeks for them (it all depends on the volume of your order).

Don’t be upset if your budget is limited, because even a primitive metal staircase can be made very impressive and beautiful, the main thing for this is desire and imagination. For the lightest option, channels, corners and necessarily filling material are used. They can be: porcelain stoneware, wood or chipboard.

For a regular metal porch, you will definitely need two channels of the same length. They are attached parallel to each other at a distance that is equal to the size of the steps. After this, mark the corners and cut them to the same length as the steps, but at the same time adding a few centimeters along the edges to apply a welding seam.

In the same way, small pieces are cut off from the corners and these two pieces are welded in the letter “G” (the frame edge must be in the cut). The number of such parts should be equal to the number of steps on your porch. Next, they are welded closely to the channel, and as a result you get a high-quality metal oblique. Similarly to this principle, another oblique angle is made using a second channel.

After all these steps, the resulting elements need to be connected in pairs on the side where the corners are cut to fit the width of the future staircase. This creates an outline of the steps, and the corner located under the riser should turn upside down (thus creating a side).

Your staircase is almost ready. Now it all depends on your taste. A wooden step attached in any way to the resulting frame will look most beautiful. Even if you don’t have a lot of experience in welding, assembling such a porch with your own hands will generally take 2-3 hours.

Concrete porch

How to make a porch from concrete? This option is considered a continuation of the laid foundation, but only with reinforcement of all steps. This is done so that after a couple of months chips do not form due to constant heavy loads. Due to the fact that concrete porches are usually covered with special facing tiles, the gradually deteriorating concrete immediately forms chips and then cracks in the lining itself.

On a pre-prepared foundation, you can assemble the formwork, which will be the bottom step. It should be taken into account that the height of the step, due to the weight load, must necessarily be 2 cm greater than that of the others. Next, a similar procedure is carried out as when building a reinforced foundation for a porch. The only difference is that in this case there is no need to spare the reinforcement.

Advice! It is recommended to close the resulting gap between the two foundations with mineral wool. This method will create a good expansion joint.

The formwork for the steps can be prepared in advance - this will help save work time. However, it is much safer and easier to fill each step with concrete in turn, and even better if, before pouring a new step, the solution of the previous one will have time to set.

In the end, it is necessary to level the already completely frozen structure, and then cover it with any tile intended for a metal porch or with stone.

The time spent on work directly depends on the use of complete formwork, as well as on the formation of each step in turn or all at once. On average, you will need a week to work if you do everything at once, or a week for each step for the concrete to completely harden.

Porch made of brick or stone

How to make a porch from brick or stone? This is probably the most difficult version of the porch. This is because it is much easier to work with a brick foundation, where you do not need precision, than to lay out the stone as evenly as possible.

Brick should be laid only if there are several assistants who will thoroughly mix the concrete all this time. With stone, everything is much more complicated, because the chipped edges cannot be matched perfectly to each other. In general, if you do not have at least some experience in this activity and at least two people to help, then this type of porch should be abandoned immediately, otherwise you will simply waste your time and all the material.

It will be much easier to make a concrete staircase, and then select a material for steps that will be of a similar size. After this, they should be placed in one layer on a “frame” of concrete, which has been leveled in advance. This method has a huge advantage, since if you make a mistake, you can easily break off the lining of the desired area and re-finish it.

Construction of the canopy

A canopy is, first of all, protection of the platform and steps from various natural precipitation, as well as the opportunity to independently decorate the porch with your own hands in a house or country house, beautifully and in a short time. It is often made from durable metal pipes; for the frame itself, coniferous trees or, in extreme cases, metal are used, but for the cladding they use any wood or plexiglass.

Canopies made of wood will need to be tinted at least 2 times annually or treated with special products instead, otherwise it will gradually begin to dry out and then split longitudinally. When using plexiglass, it is better to make the spans between them approximately 0.7 m2. It is strictly not recommended to use glass, as it can easily crack in winter during snow or due to deformation of the frames.

The total area of ​​the canopy must be half a meter larger than the porch itself, otherwise it will not be able to perform its main function - protection.

The easiest and fairly quick option is to make something similar to a metal ladder. Then the distance between each step can be made approximately 0.5 m. In this case, you will no longer need L-shaped elements and a channel, because the load on the canopy itself will be several times less and only the corners in the outer frame will be enough. But filling with wood or porcelain stoneware can easily be replaced with any other material.

When pouring the foundation, during the formation of the base, piles must be installed, and it is on them that the canopy should be placed. In addition, this will help in the future to completely glaze the veranda in just a couple of days, if desired.

For covering, it is better to take a metal sheet along with tiles, but it will be much more effective and beautiful if you use plexiglass and polycarbonate.

Advice! To avoid rust on a worn metal sheet, you can easily paint it with several layers of paint.

Be sure to make the canopy pitched, and in the place where the lower rib will be, carefully weld a metal gutter with a slight slope. Attach an ordinary chain at the very end that will reach the ground and thus water will not splash during rain. Due to the fact that water has excellent viscosity and easy fluidity, it will begin to flow slowly along this chain. If you want to somehow get rid of the appearance of puddles near the porch, make drainage.

How to glaze a porch yourself

The most common option is a closed porch. In this case, concrete and stone foundations along with a canopy and stairs, always attached to piles, are very popular.

Using the corners, which must coincide with the height of the piles in the canopy, a frame is formed. They are well welded to the piles, and then double frames made of wood and glass are inserted.

Advice! The glass sheet can be of absolutely any height, but the width should not be more than 120 cm, because the windage of this glass is high and even a light wind can seriously damage it.

If the void between the piles is more than one meter, then break them up with pseudo-piles. To do this, at the top and bottom of the piles a corner is welded inward, and then between them a double corner is welded, which will form a pseudo-pile. Similarly, you need to divide the height, which forms a horizontal beam from several double corners. Thanks to this, the load on the glass will be significantly reduced, and the structure itself will look light and beautiful.

The most common mistakes made during porch construction

1. Building a porch with your own hands using low-quality concrete (below grade 200). This concrete itself is quite loose, which is why it will be difficult to finish it, since other mixtures have much higher strength after complete drying. In this case, temperature changes can seriously damage the cladding. The foundation itself, which will subsequently remain open, will begin to collapse in the summer, and the brick steps will collapse even faster.

2. Lack of good waterproofing. If waterproofing of the porch to the house is not done in a timely manner, this will lead to a huge accumulation of moisture below, as a result of which during frosts the structure will gradually begin to collapse. The steps will suffer the most, since they are the ones that get wet first.

3. Leveling the steps and plastering was done only a few days after concreting was completed. If there is a long break in time, then all the layers will stop holding together without additional lubrication in the structure itself, or at best they will, but very weakly. Do not forget that the place where the plaster adheres to the screeds is considered the most vulnerable.

4. The foundation was built without reinforcement at the base. If you do not have reinforcement, then the porch to the house will simply split into two separate parts at the slightest subsidence. It will be impossible to repair this.

5. The porch was attached to the foundation of the house itself without special expansion joints. The porch can only be securely attached if the house and the porch have a common foundation. If this is not done, a sedimentary crack will appear right at the border of the two foundations. To avoid this, the seam of the facing brick or tile should be placed on one border, and the gaps should be filled with silicone sealant and in no case with grout.

So, you don’t need any specific skills to build a porch with your own hands. Each operation is considered basic in construction and therefore even a beginner with skillful hands can do everything.

DIY porch to the house. Video

Any happy owner of a country plot rejoices at the opportunity to relax from the bustle of the city in nature. To create comfortable living conditions, you need a beautiful, warm, spacious house, bathhouse, and outbuildings.

There is no way to do it without building a structure. The appearance of the building largely depends on how the entrance group is decorated. Let's look at what the porches of houses can be like, what they can be built from, and we'll also look at how to make a porch at the dacha with your own hands.

Finished construction

For almost all buildings, the entrance door of which rises above the surface of the ground, a porch in front of it is a mandatory attribute. It must perform two functions: decorative ̶ to be a decoration of the facade and practical ̶ to ensure comfortable and safe movement, as well as protect the entrance group from the influence of unfavorable external factors.

Components:

1. Ladder. This is the main element of the porch structure.

Requirements for stairs and their components are specified in SNiP 02/31/2001 “Single-apartment residential buildings”, GOST 8717-2016 “Concrete and reinforced concrete steps”, SNiP II-25-80 “Wooden structures”, GOST 23120-2016 “Flight stairs” steel platforms and fences.”

In individual buildings it is allowed to deviate from current standards. When arranging them, owners can focus on their own taste and ease of use for family members and guests.

The parameters of the staircase elements that allow you to move comfortably along it are as follows:

• Staircase width: at least 90 cm.
• Step depth: 25-33 cm.
• Riser height: 15-20 cm.
• The angle of inclination of the stairs should not exceed 45 degrees.

1. Area.

The platform should be 5 cm below the edge of the entrance door. Its dimensions for convenient opening of the door: length of at least 1 m, width - one and a half times the width of the door leaf.

1. Canopy or roof.

The canopy must withstand wind and snow loads, protect people and the entrance group from precipitation and scorching rays of the sun.

1. Walling.

Fences must be continuous, equipped with handrails at a height of at least 0.9 m, and withstand loads of 0.3 kN/m. When installing baluster posts, it is recommended to leave a distance of no more than 20 cm between them, and if there are small children, no more than 15 cm.

There are many manufacturing options, but a staircase, even if it consists of two or three steps, and a small platform must be present.

The main elements of the porch structure are shown in the photo:

Components

Kinds

Let's look at the various options.

Designs can be classified according to the following criteria:

Example of a structure

1. On the construction of the foundation. The building can be built on a common foundation with the building or be an extension on a separate one.

Building on a separate foundation

1. According to the shape of the structure.

There are a huge variety of types: from simple, rectangular or semicircular, to the most complex, sometimes even bizarre shapes.

1. By operating time. The structure can be built temporarily, for ease of climbing into a building under construction, or as a durable structure.

Temporary structure

1. By organizing the entrance into the building, structures can be made with one or two lateral lifts.

But the most popular options are those with a front entrance to the house.

Straight lift option

1. According to the degree of security of the area in front of the door. Buildings can be equipped with canopies, fences, and have completely blank or only partially closed walls.

Fully closed type

The choice of design is often determined by the financial capabilities of the owners, the requirements for the porch structure (to provide protection from falls, bad weather, prying eyes).

Open with canopy

The platform can be used not only as an entrance to the building, but also to create additional recreation areas. If size allows, the building can be turned into a cozy terrace or veranda for organizing gatherings with family or friends.

Terrace option

By equipping the terrace with wicker furniture and decorating it with decorative elements: curtains, flowers, lanterns, you can completely transform the appearance of the building.

1. By the look of the stairs. It can be monolithic or arranged on guides (stringers and bowstrings).

These elements can be replaced by a frame or cast reinforced concrete structure.

1. According to the material from which the structure is made.

The construction of the building must be in harmony with the architectural style of the entire structure. You can immediately select suitable materials and not use cladding, or first create a base structure, which is then finished in accordance with the overall design of the facade.

Materials for porch structures

Here are the materials most used by builders for stairs:

• Tree. This material is still one of the most popular for country houses. Its great advantage is its accessibility, aesthetics and the ability to make a porch yourself.

Wooden type

A wooden structure is ideally suited for a building also made of wood.

Important! Particular attention should be paid to carefully treating the wood from fire, moisture and insect damage.

• Metal. A structure made from this material has many significant advantages. Structures made from it are strong and durable, but do not forget about periodic treatment against corrosion.

This type can be ordered from the manufacturer, however, if you have some idea about the operation of the welding machine, then it is quite possible to build a simple structure with your own hands. Without finishing, metal does not look very attractive.

Wood, WPC, and various types of tiles are often used for cladding. Forged elements add a special charm.

Application of metal

• Brick. Another type of material, the use of which will ensure the durability of the extension to the house. If you have an idea about brickwork, it’s quite easy to build a beautiful brick structure at your dacha with your own hands.

Application of bricks

The brick structure will look ideal on the facade of a building lined with bricks or blocks. A very interesting option would be to move away from straight lines in the form of steps.

• Blocks. Blocks of various types are less commonly used in the construction of porches, but this option also has a right to exist.

application of blocks

The porch, built from blocks (like the whole house), needs to be finished due to its not very attractive appearance.

• Concrete. A concrete structure made using technology will last a long time. It is durable, safe, and not susceptible to weather disasters. The appearance of such structures, of course, leaves much to be desired, but when using facing materials you can get a real work of art.

Concrete type

Cladding materials

The facing material serves to give the extension an attractive appearance and also ensures its durability. It must be durable, unaffected by weather, safe (non-slip).

The following finishing materials can be used: siding, WPC, wood, brick, various types of tiles, panels, natural and artificial stone.

Materials for fencing and canopies

• Railing. Fences for porch structures perform protective and decorative functions. They protect people from falling and make them look attractive.

Fences can be screen or lattice. Materials for their construction can be: glass, WPC, PVC, metal, polycarbonate, wood, stone.

• Roofs and canopies. To ensure a comfortable stay for people in any weather, as well as to protect the entrance area from precipitation and sunlight, canopies or roofs are installed over the structure.

Canopies are mounted either directly to the facade or supported by vertical supports. The type of fastening depends on the area and weight of the structure itself and the condition of the building wall (ability to withstand loads).

The frame of canopies is usually made of wood or metal, and the canopies themselves can be made of glass, polycarbonate, metal, metal tiles, slate, and soft roofing materials.

When arranging a canopy, you should provide a drainage system to protect from excess moisture and ensure comfort for people.

Having familiarized ourselves with the possible designs of porches and the materials for their manufacture, we will consider options for how to make a structure at the dacha.

Construction

For a more complete introduction to how to make an extension of this type to a country house yourself, a video is offered in this article:

So:

1. Preparatory work. You should start with preparation, which includes: choosing a structure (including the type of foundation), taking dimensions, selecting materials, making a drawing, clearing the area.

Sample sketch

1. Purchase of materials.
2. Foundation construction. The foundation can be pile, slab, strip and columnar. When choosing the type and depth, the type of soil, groundwater level, and massiveness of the structure should be taken into account. It should be noted that for concrete structures and brick porches the foundation must be solid. You must not forget to lay waterproofing on top of the finished foundation.

Strip foundation

Important! The foundation should not be in contact with the foundation of the house. For insulation, a special layer is used, for example, mineral wool.

1. We are building. Let's look at the most popular options.

Wooden porch

Manufacturing instructions:

• For work you will need: bars for supports (100x150 mm), logs (their thickness is determined by the size of the platform and the load on it), boards for stringers (50x300 mm) and steps (35-40 mm in thickness), material for decking the platform, balusters, handrails, fasteners. All wooden parts must be impregnated with fire retardants and antiseptics.
• The platform frame is installed. To do this, vertical supports are installed, as shown in the photo. When the supports are immersed in the ground, a cushion of sand and crushed stone is placed in dug holes (at least 50 cm deep), then flat stones are laid. Beams are installed level. After this, the remaining space is filled with cement mortar.

Important! The solution should harden completely.

The height of the vertical beams is leveled. The logs are placed on the supports using a tongue/groove connection or special stainless steel brackets.

• A staircase is being installed in the country house. Stringers are attached (with pre-cut recesses for treads and risers). The upper end of the stringers is fixed to the beam, the lower end is best attached to the foundation.

Design

• The risers and treads are secured to the stringers with self-tapping screws (in addition, you can coat the joints with glue).

• Using self-tapping screws, the flooring of the platform is laid.
• Railings are being installed. To do this, support pillars are mounted in the corners. A bar is stretched between them, to which the racks are attached, fixed on top with handrails.

• If required, a canopy is installed.

Wooden look

Concrete type

The construction of a concrete porch takes a lot of time, so you will have to be patient.

To make it, you can use a ready-made solution or prepare the mixture yourself. The problem of how to make a mortar for pouring with your own hands is not difficult to solve: you will need a concrete mixer, cement of at least M400 grade, river sand, crushed stone and water. The mixture is diluted with water, starting from the ratio: cement (part), sand (2 parts), crushed stone (2 parts).

• Installation of formwork. This is the most important point when making a concrete extension. Boards, plywood, chipboard, sheet metal or plastic are used (if rounded shapes are required). The formwork elements must be firmly fixed. It is recommended to cover wooden elements with drying oil to facilitate dismantling.

Formwork

• Reinforcement. For this, reinforcement bars with a diameter of 10 mm are used, which are connected to each other at a distance of 10-15 cm, or a metal mesh. In order for the reinforcement to be in the “body” of the concrete structure, it should be laid on supports, the role of which can be played by broken brick. Broken stones and bricks can also be placed inside; they will increase strength and save mortar. If railings are installed later, you can install embedded elements.

• Pouring concrete. The prepared concrete is poured into the formwork. To compact the mixture, it is worth processing using a deep vibrator. The surface is leveled according to the rule.

After this, the structure should be covered with film. The formwork material can be dismantled a week after pouring; all other work must be left until the structure has completely dried (a month).

Concrete look

To finish a concrete structure, the materials described above are used. If planned by the project, fences and a roof are installed.

The article examined possible options for constructing porches for dacha buildings, and also gave advice on how to build a porch at your dacha with your own hands.

In the design of a private house, both inside and outside, there are no insignificant details, because they all shape the appearance of the building, and, accordingly, the opinion about its owner. That is why it is important to pay special attention to all the nuances, carefully work out the idea and stylistic direction of the home, making it not only comfortable and cozy for yourself, but also attractive to others.

The porch is the face, the calling card of the house, welcoming friends, relatives and other guests. It can perform both a functional and decorative role. By adding a canopy to the porch, you can create a cozy area where you can hide from the rain, as well as create a chic entrance to the house. How to do this correctly, and what materials to use? Let's find out together.

Designing a porch with a canopy

First of all, you need to draw up a project for the future design, taking into account the following nuances:

• Dimensions of the future porch and its canopy.
• Selection of materials and calculation of their quantity.
• Preparation of equipment and tools.
• Drawing up a detailed plan.

Most experienced builders are confident that it is necessary to build a porch simultaneously with the main building, because in this case it is possible to achieve maximum efficiency of the structure, make it stronger and more reliable. If the porch is attached to an already finished house, then you need to calculate the load, the weight of the structure and determine the connection points with the housing.

First of all, you need to pay attention to the following details:

• The area near the front door. If the door is single-leaf, then the depth of the porch should be one and a half meters, the width should be about 1.6 meters. If the entrance door is double-leaf, then the width and depth of the porch should be at least 2 meters (these are the minimum parameters, more is needed for convenience).

• Steps. Their number depends on the height of the base. If there are more than three steps, then railings must be placed on the sides to guarantee safety. The staircase should be wide and gentle, however, its exact dimensions depend on the individual characteristics of the homeowner and his preferences. In general, the width of the step should be about 28 centimeters (the length of an adult’s leg), and the height should be about 20 centimeters.

• Lighting. The porch is a dangerous place where lighting fixtures should be located. It is important that there are no less than 1 lamps per three steps.

• Canopy. It is accepted that the canopy is slightly larger than the porch and protrudes beyond it by at least 0.3 meters in order to protect the area in front of the front door from rain and snow.
• Selection of materials. Experts recommend making the structure and its roof from the same materials as a private house, otherwise they will not fit together. The entrance system should be harmonious (wood with wood, stone with stone), but for the canopy you can use the same roofing material as for the roof of the house or replace it with cellular polycarbonate.

Building a porch with a canopy with your own hands

Of course, you can entrust the work of constructing a porch and canopy to a team of experienced builders, but it is much more interesting to do it yourself. In fact, there is nothing difficult here for a person with minimal construction skills. The main thing is to have the desire, time and a set of tools, including:

• Electric drill or grinder.
• Roulette.
• Saw.
• Building level.

• Sand, cement and crushed stone (the base of the porch).
• Boards (if the structure is wooden).
• Metal and fastening elements.
• Roofing covering.
• Brick (silicate or red).

Wooden porch of a private house

A porch with a canopy made of wood is an ideal solution for a small private house. Photos of ready-made options and projects amaze with their variety, and the attractiveness of the finished option makes you want to make one for yourself. Wooden structures are simple in their execution, and their cost is not high, because expensive types of wood are not used for arranging the porch. The cross-section of the board for arranging the porch is 50-150 millimeters.

Important! Wood is a material that needs proper processing. Wood must be impregnated with antiseptics and various solutions that protect the material from insects, moisture, fungus and fire.

As for the foundation for a wooden porch, it is not mandatory. Of course, it will be much better and more reliable, but these are the financial costs that can be reduced if the canopy is covered with light bitumen shingles. To create a beautiful entrance space, you need to install supports, stringers, and then boards that serve as steps. A gable roof must be installed on top of the high supports, covering it with roofing material.

Porch with concrete and brick canopy

This type of structure looks more impressive and impressive, however, to build a porch you will need a solid foundation, since its weight is much higher than a wooden structure. First of all, you need to dig a pit, the depth of which will be the same as the depth of the foundation of a private house.

After this, you need to create a cushion of sand and gravel in the hole, install the formwork and fill it with concrete. In order to increase the strength of the foundation, it can be reinforced with metal mesh or pipes (rebar). In addition, vertical metal elements are needed in order to interlock the subsequent masonry and the canopy, creating a monolithic structure.

On top of the foundation there is a layer of waterproofing and brick, which serves as future steps. The laying is carried out in the usual way, the main thing being that it is level and convenient for moving along the steps. Arrangement of the canopy is done last.

Cellular polycarbonate canopy

As mentioned earlier, the porch is the face of the house, which should attract with its appearance. You can make it more elegant by equipping a visor that protects those standing near the door from precipitation. Various materials are used to equip the canopy (metal tiles, flexible tiles, corrugated sheets, etc.).

If financial possibilities are limited, but you need to make a canopy, then you can use inexpensive, easy-to-install and lightweight cellular polycarbonate. This modern polymer material, which is installed on a metal frame or supports and secured with self-tapping screws and thermal washers, will allow you to create an ideal canopy over the entrance to the house in a matter of hours.

The advantages of such a visor:

• Resistant to temperature changes.
• Resistance to precipitation.
• Transparency.
• Light weight.
• Strength.
• Reliability.
• Low price.