Who does RK border with? Who does Kazakhstan border with, is friends with and trades with? Close and good neighbor of Russia
§2. Geographical location and borders of the Republic of Kazakhstan
" 1. Look at the political and administrative map of the CIS, determine the geographical position of Kazakhstan among the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States. 2. Determine the latitude of the extreme points in the north and south and the longitude of the extreme points in the fuse and east of Kazakhstan.
Geographical position. Kazakhstan is located in the center of the Eurasian continent and in two parts of the world: a smaller part in Europe and a larger part in Asia. Therefore, for example, residents of the city of Atyrau, located on the Zhaiyk River, can travel daily from Europe to Asia. Many Russians have the same opportunity.
The area of the republic is 2724.9 thousand km-’. In terms of territory, Kazakhstan is one of the largest countries in the world: it ranks 9th after Russia, Canada, China, the USA, Brazil, Australia, India and Argentina. The area of the republic is 5 times larger than the area of France, 9 times that of Italy, and 11 times larger than England. The territory of the republic could accommodate countries such as Great Britain, France, Spain, Germany, Austria, Holland and Japan combined.
The territory of Kazakhstan extends 3,000 km from the Caspian lowland in the west to the Altai Mountains in the east and 1,650 km from the West Siberian Plain in the north to the Kyzylkum desert and the Tien Shan mountain system in the south.
Kazakhstan is an inland country, which is equally distant from both the Pacific and Atlantic, as well as from the Indian and Arctic oceans. The distance from the oceans and the vastness of the territory greatly influence the country's climate.
The extreme western point of the republic (46 * 30 "E) is located
is located near lakes Elton and Baskunchak, and the extreme eastern point (87 * 20 "E) is located near the Buktyrma River.
The extreme northern point of the country (55*26"N) corresponds to the southern latitude of the central part of the East European Plain and the south of the British Isles, and the extreme southern point (40*56"N) corresponds to the latitudes of Transcaucasia and Mediterranean countries Southern Europe.
Kazakhstan is located in the southern latitudes of the temperate zone. However, if the countries of Eastern Europe located in these latitudes are distinguished by a temperate continental climate, and Western Europe - by a subtropical one, then the territory of our country is characterized by a dry and sharply continental climate.
As you move deeper into the continent in the latitudinal direction from west to east, the continentality of the climate increases. The mountainous regions of the southeast and east of Kazakhstan are distinguished by a wide variety of natural altitude zones. In accordance with the geographical location, the country has four distinct seasons.
Kazakhstan amazes not only with its size, but also with its natural contrasts. For example, when cherries and apricots bloom in the south, at the foot of the mountains, in the north of the republic there are still frosts and storms raging. On the territory of Kazakhstan, harsh Siberia and sultry Asia seem to meet. Depending on the geographical latitude, relief and other factors, the natural zones of the republic are distributed. From north to south, forest-steppe, steppe, semi-desert and desert zones successively replace each other.
Kazakhstan has access to Azerbaijan and Iran through the Caspian Sea, and through the Volga and the Volga-Don Canal to the Azov and Black Seas. A significant part our country is occupied by plains, which has a beneficial effect on Development of human economic activity.
Boundaries. The total length of land in Kazakhstan is 13,394 km. along the Caspian Sea - 2000 km.
Kazakhstan borders Russia in the west, north and northeast (7591 km). The eastern border of the republic from Altai to the Tien Shan, the Khan Taniri massif, with a length of more than 1,782 km, is also the state city of Rantsa with the Chinese People's Republic Republic. Kazakhstan
borders with the following independent friendly states: in the south with Turkmenistan (426 km), Uzbekistan (2354 km) and Kyrgyzstan (12 41 km).
In some places, the state borders of the republic coincide with natural boundaries: the Caspian and Aral Seas, the Tien Shan and the Altai Mountains.
9*1. Give a description of the political and economic significance of the geographical location of Kazakhstan.
2*. Name the most important features of the geographical location of Kazakhstan and prove that they determine the main features of the nature of our territory.
3.In what part of the Earth's Northern Hemisphere is Kazakhstan located? Prove it.
The Republic of Kazakhstan is a central Eurasian state with a population of more than 18 million people. The republic is located between the Caspian Sea, the Urals, Siberia, China and Central Asia. Find out who Kazakhstan borders with.
Kazakhstan is one of the largest countries in the world (9th in area), which has such a distinctive feature as the lack of direct access to the open sea.
In terms of its outline and almost twice the length from west to east (2.96 thousand km) than from north to south (1.65 thousand km), Kazakhstan on the map resembles a smaller copy of the Eurasian continent itself. Moreover, 85% of the country is located in Asia, and 15% in Europe.
Despite the huge territory of Kazakhstan (2.7 million sq. km), not many people live in the Republic.
Kazakhstan ranks 63rd in the world in terms of population. This means that in terms of population density in Kazakhstan, there are 6.64 square meters per person. km - 184th place in the world.
This low population density is explained by the predominance of deserts and semi-deserts among the natural zones of the Republic.
To understand what kind of international relations can be successfully built with neighboring countries, it is necessary to find out who Kazakhstan borders with.
First let's find out some general information:
- The land borders of Kazakhstan have a total length of 13.39 thousand km.
- The water border along the Caspian Sea accounts for 2.34 thousand km, where Kazakhstan borders Azerbaijan and Iran.
Let’s figure out which countries Kazakhstan borders on land:
- In the north and west - with the Russian Federation.
Here is the longest border of Kazakhstan - 7.55 thousand km.
The border is mostly conditional. This is due to the fact that the countries are members of the Eurasian Economic Union, thanks to which market and customs relations between them are simplified as much as possible.
- In the south, the Republic neighbors three Central Asian countries: Uzbekistan (border length - 2.35 thousand km), Kyrgyzstan (1.24 thousand km) and Turkmenistan (0.43 thousand km).
The boundaries are set largely arbitrarily. But territorial issues between neighboring countries have long been resolved.
- The Kazakh-Chinese border is located in the southeast. Its length is 1.78 thousand km.
The final borders between the countries were agreed upon in 2002.
To understand what potential Kazakhstan has in the development of international trade and economic relations with neighboring countries, it is necessary to understand with whom the Republic borders.
Its favorable location in the almost central part of Eurasia provides Kazakhstan with proximity to 5 countries on land and 2 along the water border.
The territory is the tenth largest in the world, with a low population density of about 6.64 people per square kilometer, which is 184th among 237 countries in the world. Most of Kazakhstan is located in Asia and only a small part of the territory is in Europe. Although Kazakhstan is washed by two seas, the Caspian and Aral, which are actually rather large lakes, the country is considered to be landlocked.
A little about the country
Kazakhstan is home to 18.5 million inhabitants, of which 64 percent are Kazakhs and 24 percent Russians; almost the entire population, 94.4 percent, speaks Russian fluently. The country's economic situation is much better than that of the Central Asian republics, mainly due to the presence of enormous mineral reserves and developed grain production. The country has the largest hydrocarbon reserves (the twelfth largest in the world), the production of which is carried out by almost all global American and European oil producing companies and companies from those countries with which Kazakhstan borders - Russian and Chinese.
Close and good neighbor of Russia
Kazakhstan has the longest border with Russia - 7,644 kilometers, passing through 8 Russian regions and one national republic, the border is very conditional, the regime of which was further softened after the country joined the Eurasian Economic Union.
Regions bordering Kazakhstan: Astrakhan, Volgograd, Saratov, Samara, Orenburg, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Tyumen, Omsk and Novosibirsk regions,
The Altai Republic and all Russian regions bordering Kazakhstan have close economic ties with their neighbors, which are estimated on average at 25-30 percent of these regions' foreign trade. For Kazakhstan's border regions, the share of foreign trade with Russia is estimated at 50-60%.
Kazakhstan purchases more than a third of its goods from Russia; machinery and equipment, metal products and food products are the main import items. Like most countries, whoever Kazakhstan borders with, the more it trades with, the only exception is that among the importers of Kazakhstani products, Italy is in first place, Russia is only in third place. And, of course, a symbol of cooperation is that Russia, together with the city of the same name, rents from Kazakhstan; they cost the Russian budget approximately 10.6 billion rubles a year.
Central Asian
Uzbekistan (border length 2,330 kilometers), Kyrgyzstan (1,212 kilometers) and Turkmenistan (413 kilometers) are the Central Asian countries with which Kazakhstan borders in the south. Relations between the countries are quite complex; the borders between them were established largely arbitrarily, but all issues regarding the territory were settled by the parties. Economic relations are extremely weak because Uzbekistan and especially Turkmenistan are very closed countries, and Kyrgyzstan does not have much to offer.
For example, Germany (share - 5.7 percent) and the USA (share - 5.1 percent) have a larger share in foreign trade than the above countries with which Kazakhstan borders. Turkmenistan has a share of 0.5 percent, Kyrgyzstan - 0.9 percent, Uzbekistan - 2.4 percent.
Chinese partner
The Kazakh-Chinese border, 1,765 kilometers long, runs in the southeast of the country. Kazakhstan is trying to maintain cautious, friendly relations with China. Chinese oil companies were among the last to gain access to Kazakhstan's hydrocarbon fields, and an attempt to lease 1 million hectares of land to a Chinese company failed due to strong public outrage. Kazakhstan is participating in a global project initiated by China, which will create a transport corridor from East Asia to Europe. The country has traditionally close ties with the Chinese Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (with whom it trades most and with whom it borders). Kazakhstan, together with China, built a duty-free trade zone at Khorgos, which was visited by more than 2.5 million Chinese in 2016. China has a share of 14.5 percent in Kazakhstan's foreign trade and 11.5 percent in exports. Of course, the influence of China, which is becoming the world's largest economy, is rapidly growing in the region.