Russian stove ordering and masonry. Do-it-yourself Russian stove - step by step instructions. Preparation of masonry mortar

The traditional Russian stove with a bench is now considered a unique structure. Such a device can be found in both rural and private city houses. It not only heats the room, but is also used to dry things or as a place to rest. To build such a structure with your own hands, you need certain knowledge, so it is better to use the help experienced craftsman. Any mistake during construction can lead to the fact that everything will have to be redone.

The design of the Russian stove

The drawings of Russian stoves can be very different, because the structures differ very much from each other.

Depending on the size of the furnace can be: small, medium and large.

The Russian stove is used for heating, cooking, has an oven and a stove bench. To build such a structure, it is necessary to study its structure.

The scheme of the device of a traditional Russian stove consists of the following departments:

• podpeche - used for drying firewood. In many furnace structures there is no such department due to its lack of demand;
• cold stove - they store dishes in it. It is also not always built;
• six - represents a niche in front of the crucible. It has a cooking stove. And if the stove is in another place, they put food in the hearth so that it does not cool down;
• under - this is the bottom of the furnace. Its necessary install with a slight inclination towards the entrance into the chamber to make it easier to move the dishes in it. The surface of this element should be sanded;
• crucible or cooking chamber - used for laying firewood and installing heat-resistant dishes. The vault of the chamber should also be made with a slight slope towards the entrance. Thanks to this configuration, the ceiling accumulates hot air, warming up the stove bench and the walls of the stove on the sides;
• overtube - this is a niche above which the chimney pipe begins;
• view - is a window with a door, with which the chimney is blocked. Through it they get to the damper, with which they regulate the draft;
• stove bench - located behind the chimney, above the crucible. When the stove starts to heat, it warms up well.

Modern Russian stoves are complemented by elements such as a stove for cooking and a tank for heating water. In addition, in this structure, the heating section is heated, due to which the furnace reaches required temperature much faster, which means that the room will warm up just as quickly.

Due to the presence of various departments in this building, no need to heat the entire room in summer period and only use the hob to cook food. This creates a normal microclimate in the house and saves fuel. In winter, all departments are heated in the oven, which contributes not only to heating the water, stove and oven, but the entire room.

To make a Russian stove with your own hands, they carry out preparatory work, starting with choosing a place.

How to choose the location of the furnace?

It is very important to decide on the choice of the place where the Russian stove will be installed. If her location is wooden room, be sure to make a distance between the walls of the furnace and the house about 20 cm. It is best to protect for safety wooden walls using non-combustible material such as asbestos boards. The gap made will allow for an audit of the walls of the furnace, which is done before the onset of the heating season.

If the stove is installed in the opening between two rooms, then it is lined with brickwork, at least 20 cm thick. Between the masonry and wooden wall make a gasket from asbestos sheet.

Furnace masonry tools

Regardless of the model chosen, the following tools will be needed to build a do-it-yourself oven:

Furnace masonry material

As a material for the furnace can be used:

• fireclay and refractory material;
• clay and sand for the mixture;
• soft wire;
• grate;
• valve;
• asbestos cord;
• doors.

Russian stove masonry

If it is indicated in the drawing of the Russian stove to make a foundation, it should be done thoroughly, using a level to check the horizontal position.

After making the foundation, they begin to build the Russian stove itself. The drawing will help to lay out the masonry correctly. The most important thing is to adhere to the correct orders of the Russian stove.

To make this design safe, the masonry is made completely airtight. That is why cracked bricks cannot be used. The seams between the rows are usually 5-8 mm thick. It is undesirable to use clay for tightness, coating the walls of the stove from the inside with it. From this, soot begins to be deposited and thermal conductivity decreases.

Before laying, ceramic bricks should be soaked so that they do not subsequently absorb water from the mortar. And after soaking brick and mortar begin to dry at the same time, providing good tightness of the walls.

External walls are usually laid out in one or half bricks, internal - only in half a brick. If internal walls make in one brick, then they will be thick and the oven will warm up much longer. It will also consume a lot of fuel.

Russian stove: orders

If the Russian stove is laid out with your own hands, then in this case the design scheme is very useful. All rows are laid out dry.

1st row. The correct direction, accuracy and evenness of the whole structure depend only on it, so it must be perfect. Before starting masonry, with the help of a long ruler, a corner and chalk, a specific location of the outer walls of the furnace is drawn. On the drawn surface first lay bricks of the outer wall, and then fill inner surface between them.

2nd row. They begin to lay the furnace wall, draw up internal channels for cleaning.

3rd row. They put doors for the blower and cleaning chambers. The doors are fixed with steel wire, screwing it to the ears located on the cast-iron doors. The ends are hidden in the seams between the bricks.

4th row. From above, the entrances to the internal channels are blocked by masonry, thereby forming the ceiling of the hearth channel inside the structure.

5th row. For a large firebox, a grate is installed, and inside the firebox is laid out with fireclay bricks, cut in half in thickness. Also install the door of a small firebox above the hearth channel.

6th row. Install a hot water tank.

7th row. A grate is installed in a small firebox, and a door is installed on a large firebox. right the wall should be tightened with a steel strip, which is placed in the seam and, with the help of special hooks at the ends, is fixed on the walls. The laying of the back wall of a large firebox is performed without mortar.

8th and 9th row. They put and fix the door of a small firebox, continuing to bring out the internal channels of the furnace.

10th row. They lay the bottom of the crucible and connect the vaults of the small and large fireboxes. At the rear of the structure, the openings of the channels that are responsible for the movement of heated air should be left open, leading to the cooking chamber. You should also close the tank for heating water.

11th row. On the edge of the masonry, above a large and small firebox, a metal corner is fixed, having dimensions of 50x50 mm. This will be a solid base for the hob. The space of a large firebox at the back of the stove, which remains open, is covered with a grate and not fixed.

12 - 13th row. On the left side of the stove, a valve is installed in a horizontal position, which will serve as a damper for the cooking chamber. On the left side, the valves form the bottom of the chimney.

14th row. Make the entrance necessary for the chimney. It will open when the valve of the cooking chamber is shifted. Same the walls of the crucible are removed and make a hole for the flap.

15th row. The masonry begins to narrow, blocking the cooking chamber. The chimney starts to come out.

16th row. The laying of this row repeats the previous one. Then side walls fastened with metal strips having stoppers and displayed on the outer sides of the walls.

17th row. Put the screed of the rear oven wall with a metal strip. They continue to narrow the arch of the cooking chamber, they are laying the chimney. A metal corner and a strip are laid above the niche of the hob - this will be the basis for laying bricks, with which the ceiling will be created above the stove.

18th row. A template is set above the crucible. On it spread the arch of the cooking chamber in the form of a dome. Bricks are installed on the end part. Bricks are laid out on a metal corner and a strip with a wide part.

19th row. With a metal strip reinforce the wall above the entrance into the cooking chamber. Walls are made around the arch of the crucible, forming a place for backfilling.

20th row. Sand is poured into the formed place and gently compacted. This provides an increase in the heat capacity of the crucible.

21st row. The surface with sand and walls is covered with masonry.

22nd row. The overtube begins to narrow and then a metal element having a round hole is installed. This will redirect the smoke while retaining heat.

23rd row. They put a door so that it is possible to clean the chimney.

24th row. A valve is made on the overtube, with the help of which the draft in the furnaces and the crucible is regulated.

25th and 26th row. With the help of masonry, the space above the valve is blocked even more.

27 - 29th row. The overtube is connected to the chimney.

Then lay out the chimney to the level, after which they begin to form the cutting. In this case, the laying is performed on a solution of cement.

The chimney pipe is passed through the attic, taken to the roof, waterproofing is made to close the gaps between the pipe and the roofing material.

This completes the laying of the Russian stove with your own hands.

Russian oven in modern version has differences from traditional oven. DIY make it easy if you use drawings and diagrams. Properly laid out design can please people for many years.

About ten years ago, fireplaces began to be massively sold - these are beautiful fireboxes of various sizes, made with a variety of decorative trim. Due to the variety of types of portals, such fireplaces began to be installed in almost all private houses. Their beauty and high security(the furnace is closed under glass) attracted many. For several years, they have successfully replaced the old Russian stoves. Till today…

Some history and facts

The stove is part of Russian folklore! There is no exact information when the prototypes of these structures first appeared. However, at first they had a completely different look, little resembling the Russians we are used to. And only recently people began to build them in their design and appearance similar to their counterparts. Today, such structures are part of houses in Russian villages, where there is only stove heating And it's not about any gas. People use them to heat the house, cook on them, heat food and bake.

What does a traditional Russian stove with a lounger consist of?

The Russian stove is quite massive, its weight reaches several hundred kilograms, so it needs a foundation. In the old days, its role was played by old stones and logs, which were laid out in the base. Today it is reinforced concrete or brick masonry.

It is better to plan construction at the stage of creating a house project. If the building already exists, the foundation still needs to be made strong!

Main elements:

• The lower part is the base (sub-heaters). It has a niche for storing fuel or kitchen utensils. With the help of this base, the combustion chamber rises to the desired height.
• A vault-trough covers the top of the ovens. A layer of sand or clay is poured on it. This technology is used to retain heat.
• The bottom of the firebox (under) is made with a slight slope towards the back wall. This is done so that the fuel burns evenly in the chamber.
• The furnace fire chamber consists of two parts: a cooking chamber and a firebox. The cooking chamber is clean without logs and ash, since the fuel is placed in the far chamber - the firebox.
• There is a vault above the firebox - this is the ceiling that separates the firebox and lower part sunbed.
• The lounger can be built along the entire length of the firebox. When a fire burns there, heat spreads to the sunbed.
• The chimney is installed above the first chamber where the food is prepared. Along its course, a valve and a viewing window are installed. With the help of a damper, the intensity of combustion of fuel in the furnace is regulated.

Depending on the design features, they may have steps leading to the sunbed. Also, small shelves are often made along the chimney in order to install decor there.

Modern Russian stoves: what are they?

They may vary in size and functionality. Traditional Options have dimensions: length - 2.5 meters, width - 1.5 meters. Products can be of different sizes:

• small (178*124 cm);
• medium (213*147 cm);
• (231*160 cm).

In rare cases, furnaces can be built to non-standard sizes.

But the old ones suited few people - an unattractive appearance, the possibility of cooking only inside the hearth, limited opportunities. Thanks to the work of craftsmen and changes in designs, Russian stoves have regained popularity. They have everything you need to heat your home, cook food and even more.

So the latest additions:

• equipped with a cooking floor. Such designs are multifunctional and can replace any cooking surfaces and stoves;
• with a fireplace. This option is a new trend. Its peculiarity is that back wall the design of the furnace is displayed in another room through the wall. Thus, it turns out that two are combined in one design: a fireplace with a flame effect and all the great sounds of crackling firewood, as well as a classic Russian stove that heats the house, has a firebox for cooking and a stove for cooking;
• with a bed. In the classic versions, it was very large. Three people could fit on the sunbed. An analogue has a sunbed, but only reduced. It is enough for a comfortable arrangement of one person. However, this disadvantage can be easily compensated by an attached trestle bed.

According to the rules fire safety all furniture and appliances must be at a distance of 1 meter from the firebox!

Pros and cons of designs

In addition to beauty and warmth, they have some advantages:

• uniform heat transfer and its accumulation;
• high level of efficiency;
• bottom heating. Classical variants were deprived of this. Only after some time, the builders modified the stoves, making them more practical to use. This feature makes it possible to heat the room as a whole;
• high security. Since all structures are laid out of brick, the walls of the furnace do not heat up to such a temperature as to cause a fire or burn;
• built-in hob. Enables housewives to prepare food in their usual way;
• long service life. Properly made design can serve more than 30 years.

Minuses:

• will have to prepare solid fuel for winter;
• firewood will have to be dried, since it is impossible to put wet firewood in the firebox;
• when heating a house with a Russian stove, excessive garbage from the fuel occurs.

It is impossible to call the Russian stove an ideal device - it has positive sides and non-deliveries. For example, in order to learn how to cook in it, housewives will have to go through long stage learning. For ignition, firewood will be required, which will have to be harvested. It's certainly not electrical or gas boilers to which everyone is so accustomed. But, the Russian stove also has a lot of positive aspects:

• There is an opportunity to cook great meals. They turn out very tasty and differ from those cooked on stoves;
• depending on the design features, the Russian stove can be equipped with a lounger, which makes it possible to comfortably relax in the cold season. It can also have shelves;
• and finally, the flame effect, the sound of crackling logs and flickering fire - no device can replace this.

Russian stoves in the interior

Despite the development of technology and the appearance on the market of fashionable cast-iron fireboxes, which are framed in various decorative portals, the Russian stove is still popular. Of course, it has changed not only externally, but also structurally. It has become more practical, convenient and safe, in addition, it is used in its design building technology and materials that can increase efficiency, as well as the aesthetic component.

Advantages

Wooden houses - the basis of architecture ancient Rus'. And despite advances in technology and the advent of building materials, from which buildings are erected, the tree still occupies a special place. Such houses are filled with comfort, and the Russian stove only complements the extraordinary spiritual atmosphere. The installation of a Russian stove in a wooden house must be carried out in compliance with the safety requirements established by our legislation.

brick

Brick is a classic. Previously, such structures were erected from a home-made clay brick, which went through the process of roasting at the stake. Products are large due to the presence of a hob, a baking compartment, a lounger for relaxation.

Advantages:

• Brick cools down longer than all other materials. A furnace built from it will give off heat longer after the fire is extinguished. As a result of the room long time stay warm.
• A large structure is able to heat even a large house with several floors. This is possible if it is installed in the middle of the house, and the chimney is led up inside the walls that separate the rooms on the second floor. Today, the chimney is no longer made from ordinary brickwork. It is made from galvanized or stainless pipes, which pass in the middle of the compartment located inside the walls. And if along the chimney do ventilation grates in the compartments, then the heat coming from the pipe will spread throughout the premises.
• The brick does not heat up to a temperature that can create a fire. This building material is quite durable and practical. It can be used as a base for applying decorative plaster, tiling and other finishing materials. In addition, it is able to serve without restoration for 30 years.
• The cost of such a design is not high in comparison with the purchase of a cast-iron firebox and marble portal. It is worth noting that most of the cost is devoted to creating a quality foundation.

Unfortunately, like others, brick ones are not without flaws. The main one can be attributed to the fact that for a brick structure it will be necessary to build a powerful foundation. It can be a monolithic or reinforced concrete structure. If you install a brick without a foundation, the floor under its mass can sag.

Precautionary measures

A Russian brick oven can not be installed in all parts of the house. The place directly depends on the structural features of the building. It is better when the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bbuilding appears at the stage of designing a house. Then it is possible to correctly calculate the location, as well as make an appropriate foundation.

If the house has already been built, then it will be necessary to disassemble the floor in the place where the hearth will be installed to the base and make scaffolding.

Other options

Among the variety of options for installing heating systems in wooden houses, it is worth highlighting two main ones:

Fireplace stoves- iron fireboxes with a large viewing window. They can have a hob and are not framed by anything. Minus - the walls of the structure are very hot and can cause burns or fire.

Cast iron fireboxes- beautiful fireplaces that can heat large rooms. Many manufacturers make fireboxes of different sizes, with lifting mechanisms for opening the firebox, the protective glass can be oval, prismatic or straight. The furnaces are equipped with a sliding damper, a mechanism for adjusting the intensity of combustion. Minus - high price furnaces and portals.

Recently, these options have become less commonly used for installation in private homes. Despite their attractiveness, they are inferior to traditional Russian stoves in many respects.

decorative trim

Building materials make it possible to finish the furnace in a variety of styles. In addition, they have a beneficial effect on the stability of the brick, as well as the solutions used in its laying to various negative influences.

Truly Russian style: hut and tiles

In the old days, one material was traditionally used - this is a mud hut (plaster made on the basis of clay). Then it was covered with ordinary whitewash. This method of finishing is not durable, since during kindling, smoke settles on the surface, making the whitewash gray. Although it is necessary to highlight the beauty of the painting of such stoves, attractiveness and a truly Russian style. At present, rarely anyone uses this method of decoration, as practicality is increasingly preferred.

The most common classic version, is the decor using ceramic elements made in the form of boxes. The main advantage of this material is attractiveness, as well as practicality. Tiles are able to retain their original appearance for a long time. The main disadvantage is the high price

.

Peculiarities:

• lining is laid from the bottom up;
• a special gypsum composition is used for grouting;
• There are a variety of tile patterns on the market. It can be both smooth tiles and embossed with different patterns.

Using tiles for decoration, it is possible to choose desired color, drawing, relief so that it fits the general style of the room. This is the best material for decorating Russian-style stoves.

Modern materials

A variety of materials makes it possible to decorate a Russian stove in any style. All this allows it to harmoniously fit into absolutely any interior. Among the most common it is worth highlighting:

These materials are very practical and reliable. To give them a new look, it is enough to wipe the surfaces with a damp cloth. However, they are not without drawbacks. Some, such as ceramic tiles or granite, cannot fit harmoniously into any style.

Plaster and paint

The plaster and paint look very nice. This method of decoration for interiors in a minimalist style. AT this case the choice of color and texture is limited only by a flight of fancy and common style premises. With the help of paint and plaster, you can visually reduce the size of the furnace or, on the contrary, increase it. Plaster and paint are often used to create Russian-style decor. It allows you to make various drawings and patterns on its surface.

Return of traditions

It cannot be said that the Russian stove in the house is a museum piece that unexpectedly returned from the past. In fact, it has not disappeared anywhere, moreover, it is part of some Russian hinterlands that are unfamiliar with main gas.

The mass return of the Russian nurse to the houses spoiled by civilization is not a tribute to fashion. Most likely, the desire of people to feel comfortable and cozy in the house, to fill it with pleasant aroma baking and meet the family in front of an open fire for a delicious dinner cooked in a real Russian oven. After all, not a single miracle of technology will give those sensations and emotions that people experience at the sight of a flame.

Russian oven, decorated quality material, does not look like a stranger in the house. Today it has become more compact, practical and durable. A wood-burning stove, depending on its design features, is placed not only in the kitchen, but also in the living room, dining room. For the convenience of housewives, craftsmen integrate everything necessary into them, up to hoods.

A Russian stove without built-in hobs can easily take center stage in a library or bedroom. The lounger can easily replace even the most cozy armchair or even a sofa.

To choose the most suitable project for your home, you need to consider several options in detail. They differ in size, functionality, and of course cost.

Arrangement of the Russian stove in country house This is a job for professionals only. Regardless of the skills in construction, the construction of such a structure requires not only skills, but also knowledge of features, as well as technologies.

"Ala-rus" - designer hit

This model has a fairly compact size. It does not have additional equipment, such as a hob, a large lounger, or the ability to observe the flame effect. This option is suitable for small kitchen. Such a stove is decorated with decorative elements that are associated with Russia. It looks light and charming in a wooden house. Peculiarities:

• despite the primary simplicity of decor, such a stove should not be overloaded with accessories. A few decorations will suffice;
• it can be installed not only under the wall. Due to its compactness, it will look good in the center of the kitchen, if the area allows.

This option is budget. And if you want a Russian stove in the house, but at the same time the means do not allow luxury, you can stop at this option.

Russian hut - classic style

This design is best suited for houses in rustic style. These can be buildings made of logs, wood, or have an appropriate interior. Classic style- This is a stove made of brick, trimmed with decorative elements.

An excellent option would be to use tiles. They are able to decorate the stove and give it a native Russian flavor. Such ovens are functional - there is a hob, large and comfortable lounger. You can install it in such a way that the functional part is in the kitchen, and the decorative firebox is in the living room. This will make it possible to enjoy the effect of an open flame and a slight crackle of firewood.

Terem - wealth and luxury

A large Russian stove, reminiscent of illustrations from old Russian fairy tales. The design, made in this style - a bright accent in any room. It will look beautiful both in a classic interior and in a modern one.

Characteristics:

• decoration with a huge number of tiles is allowed. They will only add fabulousness to the design;
• the design is quite large, so it is suitable only for large rooms;
• can use many other decorative decorations, they will not overload the design.

This model can be equipped hob, a large sunbed that can be decorated light fabrics. Often, designers suggest installing it near the wall and taking the furnace part to the next room. This will make it possible to get a multifunctional Russian stove in the kitchen and a beautiful fireplace in the living room at the same time.

Where to install a Russian stove?

Today it is difficult to surprise someone with the presence of a fireplace or a cast-iron firebox. Almost all country houses are built with these structures in mind. But the Russian stove will cause not only surprise, but also admiration.

At the moment when the question arises of installing it in a country house, nuances immediately arise that no one had thought about before.

It is better when the issue of installing a Russian stove is decided at the planning stage country house, because there are nuances that are better to solve right away.

In the living room

The living room is the calling card of any home and private house not an exception. In this room she will bright accent which attracts the eye. Therefore, you do not need to look for too modest design options. Its size must be chosen depending on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthis room.

All pieces of furniture should be at a distance from the structure.

Depending on the interior and the size of the room, stoves can be different designs with and without a hob. Stoves can be installed in the living room:

• If it is large and has enough bright design, for example, decorated with tiles, all other furniture in the living room should be muted tones. Do not use bright decor, rich colors. Then they will not distract attention from the main element in this room. The bed can be decorated with blankets handmade, beautiful and bright pillows . The light is better to use muted. They have additional shelves and a large bed. There is no cooking surface and baking compartments - only one compartment for cooking.
• The Russian stove in the interior should look more modest. For decoration, you can use artificial stone, porcelain stoneware, tiles. The strict design of the stove is in harmony with expensive furniture. Such designs should not have a hob and baking compartments. But the presence of a large couch is mandatory.
• The main part of the stove is in the kitchen, and the furnace part is taken out into the living room. The furnace part can be framed in marble if the interior of the living room matches or it can be made similar to a fireplace. In addition to it, you can install special sets for the fireplace: firewood, broom, scoop, poker. In the immediate vicinity of it, you can put a beautiful carpet on the floor or install a soft and cozy sofa. However, do not forget about the rules of fire safety. If the firebox is open, you need to install a protective mesh or glass.

Installation in the kitchen

The choice of a Russian stove for the kitchen depends on the size of the room. If it is large, you can install a large oven that will be multifunctional:

• baking department;
• cooking surface of several plates;
• compartment for dishes;
• large bed for several people.

If a design is chosen for wooden house, it is better to give preference to a truly Russian style. The decor can be done in several ways: using building materials (plaster and paint) or traditional mud hut. Such designs will harmoniously look and fill the kitchen with coziness and comfort.

Features and nuances:

• Do not install in close proximity to the stove Appliances. This may cause a fire.
• The dining area should be in the distance. Otherwise, it will be very hot to be at the table.
• The kitchen should be bright and spacious. Therefore, if its dimensions are insufficient, it is better to leave the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bbuilding.
• The Russian stove in the kitchen should not be overloaded with unnecessary decorative elements. She herself will act as a bright accent.
• If this room is spacious enough, you can use bright decor on the stove. These can be Russian-style decorations or tiles with beautiful patterns.

Conclusion

A Russian stove in a country house is an opportunity to fill it with warmth and comfort. However, before its construction, everything must be carefully planned, especially if the construction will be carried out already in a residential building.

Pitfalls that can be encountered during construction:

• This design will harmoniously look only in rooms with large area. Otherwise, there is a chance to turn the kitchen or living room into a room of aesthetic shame.
• Do not console yourself with the hope that you can build such a structure yourself without skills in construction. Here are some examples of how one wrong step can spoil the whole creation. The chimney must be at a certain distance from the ridge, and depending on this, have a certain length. Otherwise, all the smoke and fumes will not be in the chimney, but in your room. The foundation must be calculated to the smallest detail, otherwise you risk the integrity of your floor.
• In view of this, construction should be trusted only to professionals. You can only choose the design of the furnace, the availability of certain functionalities.

The Russian stove in the house brings not only color, but also many opportunities, but only if it is built by professionals. Advantages of the Russian stove in the house:

• The food cooked in the hearth of the oven cannot be compared in taste with any other. Not a single restaurant in Russia will cook you so delicious pastries or another dish.
• If the stove is properly built, it is able to heat not only the first floor of your house, but also the second, third. But only along the chimney. However, the first floor, even with severe frost, will be warm.
• The Russian stove will heat the room much faster than fireplaces, gas heating or any other.

If you are thinking about arranging a stove in your home, plan everything carefully, think it over. Only the right approach to the construction of a Russian stove will give the expected result. The work should be entrusted to professionals who have experience in construction and know everything about the construction and installation features of such structures.

If you are building a house and want to give it the charm of a Russian hut, a stove with a stove bench is the best solution.

Structurally, the furnace consists of firebox, niches for storing dishes ( cold stove), and an adjacent stand for hot pots and pans ( sixth), niches for storing firewood ( custody / undercare), a kind of oven for cooking and baking bread ( crucible), chimney, beds (beds). The lower part of the furnace is called under, it is built at an angle so that it is more convenient to put heavy dishes with dishes inside. Above the sixth is located retrumpet and chimney, which is always equipped with a valve - view.

In modern modified designs of Russian stoves, such shortcomings as: uneven heating have been eliminated; high fuel consumption; oven heating time.

For furnaces, the foundation is made in the form of a slab, which is isolated from the foundation of the building. Before determining the depth of the pit, they make drawings of the furnace with dimensions, determine its location in the house, evaluate the type of soil and its level of freezing, as well as the height ground water. For example, in the Moscow region, the level of soil freezing is about one and a half meters. Therefore, it is recommended to make three rows of FBS (with a block height of 60 cm).

The foundation of buta and reinforcement is cheap, reliable, but it is necessary to let it dry for two to three weeks. Another variant - FBS foundation(foundation block wall). It is convenient, durable, but somewhat more expensive than a concrete foundation.

Important! Waterproofing is laid in two layers. The first is located directly in the trench, the second is slightly below the floor level.

Preparation of mortar for laying the furnace

Choosing clay

- for red brick we take clay and sifted sand in a ratio of one to two;
- if it is planned to use refractory bricks, the clay must accordingly be refractory;
- for fireclay, fireclay powder (3-4 parts) and refractory clay based on bentonite or kaolin (1 part) are mixed;

- when erecting pipes, bricks are laid on a mixture of cement and sand.

We soak the clay in a barrel or iron tub for two days. The volume of water from the ratio of 1 part of water to 4 parts of clay. Then add sand to the mixture. It is very convenient to mix the composition with your feet in rubber boots. The solution must be homogeneous, without large inclusions and lumps.

Do-it-yourself Russian stove "Teplushka"

The model of this stove is based on the classic Russian, but has its own additions. Developed "Teplushka" Joseph Podgorodnikov, engineer. This design is able to heat up to 35 square meters of space.

Differences from legacy models:

• - complete heating of the entire masonry, including the space under the firebox;
• - for cooking, there is no need to heat the stove completely, you can use the stove (after closing the crucible with a damper), which saves fuel;
• - the design of the water-heating tank is thought out.

Important! When laying, it is necessary to remove all excess mortar with a trowel. In no case should clay mortar be applied to the inner surface of the masonry, this will worsen thermal conductivity and lead to increased deposition of soot on the walls.

Ordinal masonry scheme

water heating box made from steel sheets. We do markup. We cut out the walls and bottom of the box with a grinder from steel. After that, it is necessary to cut a hole closer to the base of the box and weld a water tap there, through which it will be convenient to pour water from the tank. We fasten them with welding. We clean the seams. The tank must be closed with a lid of a suitable size, we make it in the same way, cutting out the tank roof and a rectangle from steel, which will serve as a lid, weld handles from reinforcement to it.

1-2. We build the initial rows solid. The first row can either be laid out entirely of bricks, or you can build a frame that will account for the bulk of the furnace, and inner space fill the frames with a brick battle in the form of halves and quarters of bricks. The second row - two walls: one is laid out one brick thick (a), the other is twice as thick (b, c). Subsequently, over the areas laid out in two bricks, the following will be erected: a stove, a compartment for storing dishes, an overtube (figure b), as well as a heating shield (figure c), between these elements we will place a crucible - a niche for cooking and a stove bench (roof).

4. We continue to build walls. We close the cleaning hole with a half brick.

5. Bricks cut by a grinder at an angle (a) will come in handy here. These bricks will serve as a support for the vault, which we will build further. After this row is built, we take sheets of plywood and cut out several semicircular patterns from them. We fasten them together with slats and self-tapping screws, we get a semicircular masonry shape (2), which will support each brick during the construction process.

1-beveled wedge-shaped bricks; 2-formwork made of plywood; 3-boards; 4 - arch masonry.

6. Laying metal box for water (a). We begin to lay out the arch of the furnace.

7. we make an overlap over the horizontal heating channel of the shield.

8. We install the grate (a) on the beveled bricks. We make the angle of inclination of the bricks in such a way that the coals freely roll down to the platform (b). The vault (arch) is gradually covered with sand.

9. We put the firebox door, clamping the mount in brickwork and additionally reinforcing it with wire. Add a layer of sand to the vault.

10. In this row, we leave a hole (a), through which we will clean the shield channel (b), located horizontally. We cut the bricks at an angle of 45 degrees and block the water heating tank with them, leaving access to the lid and faucet.

11. We continue construction, based on the drawings. We pour and compact a layer of sand between the walls of the furnace. At the same time, we achieve a slope towards the mouth.

12. On the sand, compacted with a bevel, we begin laying the hearth (a). After the row is laid out, we cut out recesses above the firebox and install a cast-iron plate (b) there. There should be a small gap between the edges of the slab and the bricks. Pour sand into gaps.

We close the brickwork in front of the stove metal corner, protecting bricks from crumbling in case of accidental blows.

13. Cut out a strip from a steel sheet. Bend the edges to one side. We bend the strip itself into a radius. It will serve as a form for the mouth of the furnace and at the same time protect it (a). We block the horizontal channel of the shield, leaving a space between the bricks (five windows - a, b, c, d, e). From these windows we will erect the channels of the heating shield strictly upwards.

17-18. We begin to lay out the arch (a) above the metal strip. To do this, each brick is cut to the required angle. We make the markup from the center. The bevel angle is determined by a thread stretched from the center of the arc to the top of each brick. When the arch is ready, we lower the formwork, cut out of plywood in the form of semicircles, fastened together with wooden bars, into the crucible. After that, we begin to lay out a vault from solid bricks. In the gaps between the bricks, directly into the solution, we insert small fragments of bricks. This will give strength to the vault (b). Next, in the eighteenth row we make the overlap of the hearth.

How to build a Russian stove with your own hands photo

The stove on the street in the country # 8212; Real man

Build a Russian stove on the street with your own hands

Russian Stove at the Dacha With Your Hands

Barbecue and stoves outside #8212; Professional repair yourself

Do-it-yourself stoves for giving on the street photo

Russian brick stove #8212; EPC

Russian mini oven in the country #8212; tvd.ru

How to make a brick oven on the street with your own hands

How to make a Russian stove on the street with your own hands

How to build a stove on the street with your own hands video

How to build a Russian stove with your own hands

How to fold an outdoor brick oven #8212; Media Print

Do-it-yourself Russian stove photo

How to fold a barbecue grill with your own hands on the street

Do-it-yourself Russian stove with a stove bench: construction and ordering

Russian stove photo (71) Pechki.Ru

Cooking oven in the yard KRI

Do-it-yourself oven

Master class stove. A unique photo report of the furnace masonry.

You may be interested in:

How to build a Russian stove on the street with your own hands

Do-it-yourself toilet for a summer residence, how to build a toilet in the country. This mode of operation imposes its own requirements if you decide to build.

In order not only to build a building, but also to do it with the highest quality, many factors must be taken into account during construction.

Brick is considered the most suitable material for such cases, because it has a very high thermal conductivity. Basically masters.

Read also: What is and what includes a turnkey repair. Metal stove for a summer residence (Professor's stove.

And what pies are delicious in a Russian oven. Do-it-yourself fountain in the country house. Wouldn't it be better to build a multifunctional outdoor oven. 1.C.

The ruined temple in the village of Mochalovo (Kaluga region. Yukhnovsky district) - the church of Paraskeva (Friday, the 1st floor was built. Bricks on our Russian.

National culture is reality created by people and reflecting their attitude to themselves, to their family, to life and nature. But.

How to build a brick fence with your own hands. Directory of companies offering goods and services for construction and repair (windows, plumbing, building materials, tools.

The tendency that has emerged in recent years to build stoves and fireplaces on open space(on suburban area or in the gazebo next to.

Reviews, comments and questions on the Do-It-Yourself website - by the way, an improved Russian oven with hob can too.

Facebook Vkontakte Odnoklassniki Laying stoves with your own hands is a huge layer of interesting and useful work. Each oven has its own specifics.

No comments yet!

How to make a Russian oven with your own hands

For a long time, our Slavic ancestors were famous for their cleanliness and health.

The reasons for this crowd are the difficult conditions of life, bitter from childhood, and even such a miracle that a person knows, which we know as a Russian stove. This is an important part of national culture and life, embodied in movies and fairy tales.

The classic Russian stove is brick building with impressive size and unique design. In ancient times, the Russian stove was built not only in cottages, but also in bathing areas. The design of these furnaces differed from some of the functions performed.

Construction culture

Only clay and bricks were used as building materials, but this did not affect life expectancy - for many decades, stoves served their owners.

One of the quotes says: "They were so strong that it was hard to destroy them with a hammer." In fact, the strength of the brick, which is complemented by the properties of clay during baking in stone, structural characteristics and masonry - all this makes the heating structure almost eternal. That is why they have been requested so far.

Such a modern Russian stove looks inward.

Photo of a real castle, a working furnace

How the Russian stove works

Traditionally, a Russian stove with a sofa was used to heat the house. It consisted of structural elements:

• foundation(s);
• body (field) of the furnace;
• pot;
• in the mouth;
• sixth;
• subordinate;
• underworld;
• ovens;
• overlap;
• Hilo.

structure

The crucible is a burner (burner), which can be referred to as the "heart" of the furnace.

It is also used for cooking. The top part is called the vault. ground floor or gender. and front wall.

Fuel is pumped through the mouth. which is the hole in the Russian oven in front of the pot, which is slightly lower than the frame. In front of the mouth, the base is an auxiliary platform on which devices or other objects are placed during or after work.

It is separated from the mouth by a damper. The unheated part under the floor (lining) is used to store dishes and kitchen utensils.

Russian oven do it yourself

In the suburbs - an inner niche underground.

The Russian stove was equipped with a hoe - a special device that helped the smoke into the pipe. In the body of the oven, small niches (ovens) were used to increase the heating surface, dried herbs, strawberries and mushrooms in them, and to store containers.

Russian stove with fireplace and stove

The ladle was built on top of the oven, the so-called overhead.

It served as a continuation of the shelf - on the floor panels between the wall of the house and the stove, where they could sit comfortably, sleep and enjoy the warmth of the brick, and dry fruits, vegetables and mushrooms in the summer.

How to make your own hands: technology and subtlety

It should be noted that the construction of such a large structure is not simple task for an experienced craftsman.

But if these problems do not scare us, we will continue.

Depending on the size, it is distinguished by large (231 x 160 cm), medium (213 x 144 cm) and small (178 x 112 cm).

Drawing a Russian oven

The most commonly built Russian stove is 180x213 cm in size and 142 cm wide - this design is capable of heating a room of 30 m2.

To build it you will need:

• brick - about 1650 pieces;
• sand, clay for preparing a solution in the amount of 70-80 buckets;
• door valve with a hole 260x240 mm;
• view equipped with a semicircular door.

The drawings show appearance and internal layout, dimensions of the furnace with a special blade level scale

From these images, it can be seen that the pommel bow has a bow in its mouth (Figure A) underneath it.

also shown is the installation at the location of the oven tube - valves, throttles, a semicircle, such as a chimney, where the protrusion of the nut prevents the spark from escaping the hose and collects soot from the oven (Fig. b).

How to make hangers and pots to visually depict drawing V.

Scheme of the Russian stove

An excellent knowledge of the structure of the Russian stove can be obtained using horizontal cuts - an order that gives complete information on how to install a certain number of bricks, where you can use headphones or various devices(whole numbers, fractions) i.

Russian stove order

It is according to this scheme that you can get a Russian stove.

However, it should be borne in mind that the dimensions of the brick are non-standard and may vary. This will certainly give a result on the 4-5 wall. We have to take different tricks to level the walls.

Choice of building materials

The traditional red brick is used for the oven on the wall of the Russian stove, which long time withstands exposure to open fire and has good strength.

The main thing is that it has straight edges, correct form and a quality brush, it has no chips and voids, and when it touches, it hears a sound.

To connect the structure, we used a solution that was prepared from sand and clay - in recent years there were no other building materials. Here you can read about the preparation of periodic materials and the proportions of the clay mortar. The use of high-quality materials will ensure the reliability of the heating system, ensuring the duration of maintaining the required room temperature.

Temperature in the Russian stove

With the farmer, the farmers determined the temperature in the kiln in an unusual way.

This was done and looked at how long the paper would be enriched:

• if immediately - the heat in the oven is more than 300 ° C;
• after 5 seconds - 270 ° C, 15 seconds - 250 ° C, 30 seconds - 230 ° C;
• 1 min - 200 ° C, 5 min - 180 ° C, 10 min - 150 ° C;
• No impedance - less than 150°C

How to properly heat

The only fuel has always been ordinary wood and shavings.

In the steppe regions of Russia, where wood was in an acute fever, only the wealth of families could afford to use heating wood as a material for ignition. Others were adapted in their own way: they used turf, dung and straw. In addition to these, weeds and sunflowers were widely used.

How to properly heat a Russian stove

There are the following ways to heat the Russian stove:

Before starting the ignition, remove the bowl from the oven, clean it and empty the ash, open the chimney on the chimney.

The first method is effective, the whole structure is heated.

The fuel is tightly packed in the combustion chamber (furnace) to a level that is just below the ground.

So much wood is supplied only on the first tab, but 1.5-2 times less. Fire magazines are fired from below or from above.

• The bottom (ignition under the heating insert) is more frequent and productive. It also allows wet fuel to be melted, but the rapid spread of the flame can lead to incomplete logging and excessive heat loads in the fire.
• Top firing is best, but only if the wood is dry.

  With this method, the flame spreads slowly and moves from top to bottom. The fuel burns more completely and the stove has less heat load.

When the Russian stove is ignited, the wells and the vent valve are tightly closed, and after the start of intense combustion, the latter opens slightly, and the pressure is regulated.

Attention please!

The Russian stove cannot be heated in the pressure mode created by a completely closed stove blower. This process includes fast education soot and stagnation in the furnace.

Another way, "in Russian."

It is used if you need to cook food and don't need to heat the whole room.

Friction on the plate. At the beginning of the mouth, several logs are formed, and their ignition takes place with the stove closed closed.

Then the fireplace moves well into the middle of the pot to the rest of the logs. Closing the oven, the oven door and fan door are closed, only the ventilation is open.

With this method, there is no complete heating of the heating structure, but you can completely cook food or watch an open fire (stove).

After a fire, the mouth and door are closed to reduce heat loss and gentle, gradual cooling of the crucible.

Modern Russian oven with sofa

On the stove it is forbidden:

• use flammable liquids for ignition logs;
• make a lot of garbage and glossy magazines in it - this will clog the channels of the resin furnace, which is difficult to remove;
• use DAMP FIREPLACE;
• Take out the oven with the lid open;
• leave flammable materials on the ground, which may cause a fire;
• For the same reason, keep flammable objects between the wall and the oven.

Attention please!

The oven of the Russian stove should not exceed 2.5 hours. Do not overheat the walls of the furnace, which means that their heating temperature exceeds 70 ° C. Violation of the operating rules will lead to the destruction of the furnace, which will require repair.

You can place a hand oven on the road

repair

During the operation, the following problems may occur:

• small cracks;
• deep through the cracks;
• no traction.

In the first case, this is the reason for the deterioration of the composition of the furnace or its non-standard composition.

During the repair process, the old whale is torn apart, the city is moistened and sealed with a new solution. Significantly reduce the likelihood of cracks in the form of cracks can be applied to the furnace coating with heat-resistant plates or plaster.

Depths can be caused by various reasons: faults in furnace technology, thermal influences, improper operation, pressure ceiling panels other.

Such problems are resolved by partially dismantling the blocks and replacing the damaged area, eliminating the influence of other parts of the structure.

Russian stove with corner grate

The reason for the lack of draft may be the blockage of the chimney channel with combustion products or brick particles.

Repair in this case means cleaning the inside of the chimney using special cleaning holes. If the draft disappears due to a long stay in the oven without operation, you must first write it down on paper in the oven until it hears the buzz of the characteristics of the pipe, removing air pockets and the appearance of the grip.

What is a modern Russian stove

On the pages of materials: http://teplowood.ru

How to build a manual oven with your own hands - she makes the wall herself

1.Project and scheme of a classic Russian stove
2. How to build a Russian stove yourself: the main steps
3. Decorate the manual brick oven after the wall is completed
4. Restore a manual oven with your own hands

In rural areas, the construction of a Russian stove is still relevant.

This heating structure It is designed for heating rooms and public spaces where food is prepared. hot pot keeps heat for a long time, so it is used to make delicious small cereals, breads and bread pies. How to build a Russian oven with your own hands, and this article will be.

There are many difficulties in controlling how to build a Russian stove yourself, but if necessary and due to the presence of certain skills, this work can be done independently.

Design and installation of a classic Russian stove

First, the novice master must understand the principle of the traditional Russian system heating.

If you look at a drawing of a Russian stove, you will see that it has the following main elements:

• Heat - in this place they are stored and dried;
• cooking chamber - for cooking;
• pole - has a niche where you can place hot bowls and pots that are removed from the stove;
• cold oven - pantry;
• Shower - leads to the chimney;
• look - this is a door that completely closes the chimney;
• Lounger - its dimensions allow family members to lean on it, sleep, bathe (more: "Keep the stove with your hands - how to do it right").

The design of the Russian stove at the time of its use was invented before the smallest details and they were eliminated so that all possible mistakes — a large number of fuel consumption and the degree of uneven heating.

On average, the size of a Russian stove is as follows:

• width - 142 cm;
• height - 213 cm;
• The distance between the floor and the couch is about 180 centimeters.

A Russian stove with such dimensions can heat up a space of 30 "squares".

A do-it-yourself mini manual oven is considered a valuable alternative to a traditional heating system.

This structure has a modified and simplified device compared to the classical version. The changes affected the location of the base - the new version provides for the laying of two asymmetric furnaces, one of which is the main one, and the other is additional. A miniature cooking chamber is used as a traditional oven. If necessary, it is closed with a flap (also read: "Mount the stove with your own hands, taking into account all the nuances").

The mini Russian brick ovens shown in the photo are considered very profitable because they save fuel economically and consume heat efficiently.

And their main advantage is that only fuel, coal, pallets and other solid fuels can be used to generate energy.

How to build a Russian stove yourself: the main steps

Before you assemble a Russian oven with your own hands, you need to familiarize yourself with an overview of the main stages of this work.

First, prepare all the necessary materials:

• brick fireclay and red;
• sand, clay;
• Ruberoid;
• doors and smoke screens;
• asbestos cable;
• gratings.

Tools require:

• level, measuring tape, square;
• pencils;
• rubber mallet;
• a container for preparing a solution;
• drill with a mixing nozzle.

Do-it-yourself Russian oven laying is a very simple task, but if you want to do it, it is quite possible (see also: Do-It-Yourself Stove on Stove - How to properly fill the oven).

The whole process of building a heating structure consists of the following main steps:

1. Select a Russian stove project with drawings showing dimensions (see: Brick Kiln Diagrams and Drawings - Proper Assembly).

   Then determine the place where the building will be built, assess the condition of the soil.

2. Position the foundation. For this, a foundation pit, sand and gravel were dug. The mixture is compressed and poured into a concrete layer. Do waterproofing. It should be noted that you can also do outdoor ovens on one's own.
3. The rules on how to make an ore furnace with your own hands provide for the preparation quality solution. The main trick is that you have to choose the right ratio between clay and sand (usually 1:2).

   However, it should be remembered that clay has a different quality. After the solution has been prepared, the fat content must be checked. To do this, roll the ball and hit the ground. If it dissipates, it means that the sand in the solution exceeds. If the ball survives, then the match of the composition corresponds to its purpose.

4. When the classic brick heating structure is built, the Russian stove scheme will become an unforgettable assistant to the owner of the house.

   The starting line consists of solid bricks, while later series consist of elements such as underground for storing firewood.

   Then they place a cold stove, form an ashtray, create a cooking chamber and a ghetto, put the grate in place and fix the doors. After the completion of the 20 series, the pipes are built, the smoke spreads, the lid is covered with a metal valve.

   Finally, the clutch is made taking into account the height of the space. The chimney begins to narrow and then forms a test tube that passes through the ceiling and roof (also says: "Making a sauna with your hands - with instructions and examples").

Decorate a manual brick oven on the wall

Because the connections of Russian firebrick kilns, the hard-to-roughen surface collects dust and it is nearly impossible to clean, requiring the completion of a heating frame, which can be achieved in several ways.

Possibility of single color or white washing.

Outside, the walls of the furnace are cleaned and treated with a primer. When they dry, they begin to paint, for which they use paint with high thermal resistance. Use bleached lime for bleaching where you add blue. For processing metal elements such as doors and shutters, please use black silicone color. Also read: "Russian stove: ordering and brickwork."

The second option is plaster.

This is followed by clay and the subsequent white wash. But the main disadvantage of this method is the need for repairs every year.

The possibility of three is the decoration of Russian tiles with tiles. One side is decorated with a pattern and glazed, and on reverse side- open mounting box decorative tiles to the surface of the structure.

This procedure is simple: the tile must first be soaked in water and then coated.

Option no. 4 - facing ceramic tiles. Clean the surface of the oven from dust and dirt, and then clean the seams. Then the cellular network is connected. When coating, immerse the plate with rubber mallet, remove residual solution immediately.

Possibility of placing a five-handled oven.

If you want to use an ornament, you will need to buy the smallest set of materials and tools: abrasive paper, chalk (for surface preparation), paints, art and flotation brushes.

Do-it-yourself gun furnace repair

The efficient operation of heating heating structures largely depends on the state in which they are located.

The following problems usually occur over a long period of time:

• the appearance of cracks - the reason is the constant exposure to high temperatures.

  They need to be eliminated, as the effectiveness of the Russian furnace begins to decrease. In addition, if there are cracks, carbon monoxide enters the room, which can cause serious consequences for human health.

  To eliminate cracks, a solution is used, including salt, clay, sand. Ready dry mix "Chamotte Mertel" is on sale;

• chimney failure - if you don't take proper care of the stove, the draft starts to wane.

  To test how well the smoke is removed from the outside, you need to burn the brick wood in the oven. In case the smoke becomes dark and then becomes light, then the draw is fine.

  How to roll up a Russian stove with your blueprints

  Otherwise, loose bricks must be pressed and the soot cleared;

• oven door falls - to eliminate the problem around the hole, it is necessary to abandon the plaster and clean seams. Then cool and remove the bricks.

  The metal tape is attached to the door and restored in the brickwork;

• The grate is burnt - it is replaced, taking into account the rules and order of disassembly.

Usually, small repairs Russian owners stoves run with their own hands, but stove-makers should participate in the renewal.

Visual video on how to build a Russian stove yourself:

Perfection at 400 years old

History has not preserved the name of the craftsman who invented a heating device ingenious in its design in the 16th century.

It does not remember those who significantly improved the design of the furnace in the 17th century, attaching first a wooden and then a stone chimney. Since that time, the huts and chambers began to be heated "on white", and the stove has become a truly central element of any hut.

Of course, the main attribute of the house was made not only by the ability to heat the hut in winter. The oven, one might say, was a prototype modern kitchen with many clever gadgets. So, the design provided for places for storing firewood, a cold stove where they put dishes, hot stoves where vegetables, berries and mushrooms were dried for the winter, a hearth for storing cooked dishes.

The design itself provides for the adjustment of the cooking mode, because the temperature in the crucible ranges from 350 to 1500 C. This allows you to cook a variety of dishes.

Efficient design of the Russian stove

As already mentioned, the Russian stove contains many interesting structural elements. If we look at them from the bottom up, we get the following picture:

• - Guardianship. This is a stone, brick or wooden lining of the furnace, based on a foundation or other supporting structures.
• - Podpechek.

  It usually stores firewood, which dries out so much that it easily flares up even from ordinary matches.

• - Zagnetok, mouth.

  Parts of the furnace located under the pipe. They support optimum temperature for simmering food.

• - Under. This is where food is prepared. The under was usually located with a slope from the crucible to the mouth - the exit of the furnace.
• — Furnace. Firewood was laid here. In this case, the cooking chamber was located at a slope to the mouth, that is, to the exit of the furnace.
• - Code. A special shape forms two oppositely directed swirls of hot air, providing afterburning of fuel residues.
• Hailo is the part of the stove that connects to the chimney.
• - View.

  A metal plate that blocks the flow of air into the pipe in the languishing mode.

• - Cover or overlap. The warm top of the stove is usually flat.

AT various designs elements such as stoves, additional doors, samovars and much more are added.

Features of laying the oven with your own hands

The Russian stove is a very complex structure. Unlike Finnish stoves and simple rectangular stoves, it is very important to observe the shape of the main elements, especially the vault (sky), as well as the size of the sills, the mouth, and much more.

The calculation of Russian stoves is made in such a way that an integer number of bricks can be laid in width and length, taking into account the thickness of the mortar at the joints.

It is necessary to fill the joints of bricks with a special solution, depending on the material used.

• 1. Solid brick. You need to choose with a brand of M150 and above. The solution is prepared on the basis of clay and sand in proportions of 1 to 2. If you later want to line the oven ceramic tiles, this solution will also work for you.
• 2. Refractory brick. It is necessary to prepare a solution of refractory clay and sand in proportions of 1 to 2.
• 3. Chamotte brick.

  In this case, the solution is prepared from fireclay chips and clay with refractory properties. The result is a very strong mixture.

Regarding the use of all solutions with clay, there is general recommendation- it is better to make a solution that is too greasy than too lean. Insufficient fat content is defined as follows:

• - Roll the ball out of the solution;
• - Squeeze it by a third of the diameter;

If cracks appear, the solution is dry, more clay is needed.

It is best to knead the clay with your feet - it turns out to be long and difficult with your hands, but it will not work with a mixer - there will be pieces of clay without sand. On the feet, you can put on rubber boots, previously thoroughly washed from dirt. Ordinary shoes are not suitable for these purposes!

Of course, all this work will go to waste if you do not have a suitable foundation.

The Russian stove consists of 850-1000 bricks + 350 bricks - a chimney. As a result, the total weight of the structure is 2.5-3 tons. Of course, under such weight it is necessary to equip your own reliable foundation. It is better to take this into account at the stage of building a house.

What to do if you don't want to put it yourself?

In fact, in such a difficult undertaking as the arrangement of a Russian stove, it is better to turn to a professional bricklayer who has real practical experience.

There are a lot of nuances in the arrangement of the furnace, it is unrealistic to take them all into account the first time, and I want to make the furnace as functional as possible.

The cost of building a Russian stove for a good, experienced bricklayer ranges from 150-250 thousand rubles + about 80 thousand rubles - materials. It seems to be expensive.

How to build and decorate a real Russian oven with your own hands

But examples of a cheaper performance of the “master” are never shown - it’s a shame for your work when the stove, folded at random, stops working after a year.

Modern Russian stove

Of course, an experienced stove-maker will definitely offer modern, modified versions of the Russian stove, based both on his personal knowledge and on the work of real professionals in Russian stove masonry. As a result, the furnace is supplied additional elements, for example, shelves for storing utensils, pot holders, additional stoves and many other elements.

You can even install a hob.

An alternative to a large and beautiful Russian oven is the Russian mini-oven, which received widespread in the domestic market. Its principle is almost the same as in a traditional stove, only it lacks many structural elements, such as a stone chimney or stoves.

Such a miniature oven does an excellent job of baking bread, pies and cooking traditional Russian dishes.

It is also better to order this oven from a stove-maker, because only a true professional will be able to put together a structure that will delight you with warmth, comfort and delicious food for many years.

below

oven bottom

Alternative descriptions

Bottom surface in the oven

Part of a Russian stove

Furnace element

The bottom of the fin

Furnace bottom

The bottom of the fireplace where the fuel is installed and burned

Furnace element on which objects are heat treated

Furnace bottom

Bottom of the oven

Furnace bottom

Oven

Bread in the oven

Wood for heating

Furnace bottom

Furnace bottom

steppe rooster

The bottom surface in the furnace (for example, Russian)

Furnace element

Flat bottom of the cavity, often rounded

soil, bottom, soil, soil, sidewalk pavement, bottom. Under the pond, bedding, slaughter floor, floor. In the frame, in the farmer's cottage, the millstone corner of the corner, Kut, born of the people, the platform in the corner diagonally opposite the door where the woman sleeps, and where the hand grinding machines. Stezhny, stacked pod, to the south. stem, pedestal, cleared place, sometimes from the ground, for storing grains. Slab, brick, smooth pavement or clay and grease in every kiln where wood is laid.

Russian stove with their own hands. Step by step instructions. booking

Floors, floors, subordinates. Floating brick, the best, fire-resistant, necrotic, for the hollow of the fireplace. Under the pies, sour dough, very lively, pastries at the bottom. Cork, pie or sole, bottom, bottom, cereal. Horseshoe, horses. on steps flooded with spring waters (Naumov). The carriage, lower brick, sometimes made of wood, is wide. Pita Come on, more fish. Children beginners, grow like opal sour!

Podine. Vlad. track, logs, corn, and the rest is needles. An archipelago of ground ice, frozen ground with ice, at considerable depth, which is late or does not melt at all. Poddinya. tool. Leavard

Under the pretext of a) from the wines. pillow. means movement, downward direction or closure, that, in space and time.

Push the sled under the mooring. We got under the hood. Downhill or downhill, from a mountain, assuming that it is going up, forward. Throw it under the fence, fence. He was still French, v

Another name for the bottom of the oven

In this article you will find information about all the elements of the Russian stove, what they are for and how they work. You will also learn how the stove works. You will be able to understand what sizes the Russian stove is in accordance with each type: with a stove bench, with a cooking chamber and with a fireplace in the next room.

Collapse

The device of the Russian stove

Russian stove has not very complex device, but it has a lot of elements that perform different functions. The diagram below shows the components of a Russian stove:

• Overtube - the place where it gathers flue gas, and after this stage sends them to the pipe.
• Shestok- a place located in front of the mouth of the Russian stove.
• cutting- a place located at ceiling level, designed for fire safety.
• damper- an iron sheet that closes the passage to the crucible.
• Epancha- a coating located on top of the furnace mouth.
• gate valve- a metal plate that regulates traction.
• Hog- a place that brings the pipe to the end area.
• view- This is a steel plate with a hole that closes with a lid and a blinker.
• Pipe- the path through which smoke can enter the street.
• overlapping- the last brick layer.
• Bed- a place designed for sleeping and lying.
• Crucible- a place in which fuel or firewood is first prepared in order to subsequently cook food.
• Arch, palate- a place located at the very top of the furnace area.
• Pechurki- recesses in the stove, helping to improve heat transfer.
• Mirror- the wall of the stove, which helps to keep the heat in the house.
• Ocholok- the outer part of the oven.
• Gornushki- a recess that retains coals.
• Under, bream- the lowest layer of the “trough”, which ensures the strength of the installation, is built from pre-cut bricks along a cylindrical surface.
• Podina- a place located on top of the ward area with inside hearth.
• threshold- a place that traps gases leaving the furnace.
• Cheek- outer wall furnace.
• mouth- a place that makes up the distance between the cheeks.
• Zagnetka is an area where coals are collected for later use, helping to save firewood.
• Zapechek- distance from the furnace to the wall.
• guardianship- the base of the stove.
• Pechurka- a recess designed for drying clothes.
• Undercoat- a place where kitchen tools are stored.
• Underbake, underbake- storage room for firewood.
• half door- a door in order to clean up the soot at any time.
• Hailo- this is a well through which the gas released after the smoke exits into the pipe.
• Zev- a well located on top of the hearth.

The principle of operation of the Russian stove

The principle of operation of the stove is quite simple: after you lay out the firewood horizontally, the air begins to circulate. It begins to flow through the lower part of the mouth, then the firewood begins to gradually flare up, which helps to heat up the stove to high temperatures. First, firewood releases a product that is collected under the arch, and then it goes to the upper part of the mouth. Next, the coals enter the hailo, and the further product enters the chimney.

Dimensions of various modifications

There are several many types of Russian stoves, but the main ones can be distinguished into 3 types:

• With a bed;
• Without a stove bench;
• Mini.

Their sizes are:

1. With bench, example dimensions: 1220 x 2120 x 1510 mm;
2. With hob without bench: 1585 x 1725 x 2463 mm;
3. Mini Russian oven: 1500 x 1000 x1 990 mm.

Since the Russian stove has several types, it is worth analyzing the diagrams of each of them.

Scheme of a Russian stove with a stove bench

Since there are many types, they have different designs. One of them has a bed. This is one of the oldest types of Russian stoves. The lounger is designed to sleep and lie in this place during the cold time of the day.

Russian oven with stove bench

Device

Scheme of a Russian stove without a stove bench

Without a stove bench - a stove with a hob. Most often, a cast-iron stove with burners (standard with two) acts as a cooking chamber. In such ovens, cooked food retains its heat for a long time.

Russian stove with a hob without a stove bench

Scheme of a Russian mini-oven

Please note that there are two types of mini-ovens: with and without a hot water pipe. Therefore, it is advisable to choose in advance which one you want. After all, it is the first 10 rows that differ when laying. They model the whole body. Later, changes cannot be made unless destroyed and started over. And after the 10th row in the building, two types are the same. Also, this type is called the "Housekeeper" oven, since it has small size and requires a small amount of materials.

Mini Russian stove