Do-it-yourself hand drill for excavation work drawings. Hand drill for poles: making it yourself. Manual hole drills without motor

A drill is a sharpened metal rod with blades attached around the perimeter. The tool is screwed into the ground like a self-tapping screw or a corkscrew, and is pulled out back with force, but without turning. The soil remaining on the blades rises along with the drill, and a hole with smooth edges is formed in the ground. Find out what manual and mechanical varieties exist, differing in blade designs and operating principles. Make a simple device with your own hands.

A drill is used instead of a shovel when it is necessary to dig a round hole of precise diameter. In a country house, an automatic or manual drill for excavation work will be useful if you plan to:

• Install a columnar foundation for a house.
• Dig holes for planting trees and bushes.
• Loosen the soil around already growing plants.
• Drilling the ground to install a fence.
• Dig a compost pit or well, a straight or inclined tunnel.

Electric model for excavation work

The design of a garden auger differs from industrial tools and depends on the purpose. Key parameters: number and diameter of blades, as well as rod length. The advantages of the garden version over the industrial one are lightness, ease of use, and the ability to make it yourself.

Drilling with sheet steel tools

Types of drilling devices - mechanical and manual

Mechanized earth drills operate independently, powered by a gasoline or electric engine, or paired with earth equipment, such as tractor rods. Manual models are compact and easy to manufacture.

Garden model

Classification by engine type

There are two types of drills based on engine type:

• petrol;
• electric.

A gasoline earth drill is used when planting trees, constructing fences and enclosing structures. It is powered by a gasoline engine and can be:

• wheeled - high power, bulky and heavy;
• manual - more compact, but less powerful.

Wheeled gas auger

How does a gasoline drill work:

1. After starting, the engine warms up at idle speed for three minutes.
2. Then, when you press a button, the auger is launched through a mechanical or hydraulic transmission - the “drill” of the tool.
3. After stopping the engine, the auger continues to rotate by inertia and stops smoothly.

Modern drilling tools have safety features and an emergency stop feature if the rod collides with impassable soil or a solid object.

An electric drill is used when it is necessary to dig a well on a site or loosen the soil. The principle of operation of the unit is the same as that of a gasoline unit, but the engine runs on electricity and does not require warming up.

Advantages of motor powered tools:

• high drilling speed;
• possibility of changing nozzles;
• ability to work with different types of soil and even ice.

Drilling tool with electric motor

Disadvantages of automatic devices:

• for manual models – heavy weight;
• for wheeled models - large dimensions;
• the need for a power source or fuel to operate.

Differences in types of attachments and blades

The drill attachment can be auger or disk.

An auger is a rod with a screw blade attached along it. The tool is capable of digging a deep hole of small diameter. There are often situations in which owners of country houses use this particular drill for pillars or piles, when they need to dig deep into the foundations, as well as when landscaping the site.

Advantages of a unit with auger:

• ease of screwing;
• automatic removal of a layer of soil from the surface of the blade.

Auger blade

Flaws:

• inability to drill a large diameter hole manually;
• complexity of the design for making it yourself.

Disc blade

A disk drill is a rod with a sharp end and halves of a sharpened disk about 2 mm thick attached 20 cm from the end. The elements are welded or bolted opposite each other at an angle of 25 degrees. The angle is maintained so that the blades cut into the ground when screwing in the drill, and at the exit they extract excess soil. The blades are installed on the rod in one or more rows, depending on the density of the soil.

Hand-held industrial and garden drills

A garden hand auger can also be disk or auger. Its difference from an automatic one is that the rod with the blade is not connected to the motor, and the user sets the movement by rotating the handle.

Shock-rope installation for wells

Other types of hand-held drilling devices:

• Shock-rope installation. Due to its large size, it is used only in construction and for drilling wells. They are not used in summer cottages. The drill is a pipe mounted in a tripod on a rafter system. With the help of an impact rod, the pipe is set in motion and hits the ground, loosening the soil and penetrating deeper.
• Coronal instrument. A pipe with a toothed crown made of durable metal fixed to the lower base. Requires additional tools for drilling and is not used in the household.
• Chisel bit. Used for drilling dry and hard soils - drilling is carried out using the impact method while simultaneously rotating the tool by 10 degrees.
• A hand-held spoon drill with a metal cylinder attached to a rod. The cylinder is cut vertically along the top and spirally at the bottom. The parts of the cylinder are offset from each other, the lower edges are sharply ground. When screwed into the ground, the tool is filled with soil, and then it is taken out and cleaned. Only suitable for working with wet and clay soil that gets stuck inside the “spoon”. It is good to use a spoon hand drill for posts under the chain-link - the holes are narrow and deep. The optimal length of the rod is 70-80 cm.

Spoon model

A hand-held earth drill can be made with your own hands with minimal skills of a mechanic and welder. The main thing is to make a comfortable handle and calculate the design of the blade.

How to make a drilling tool at home

To make your own hand-held earth auger, select the design of the tool and the type of blade. Usually a T-shaped profile is made from two metal rods, and cutting elements are attached to the vertical one.

The disk drilling device is the easiest to manufacture. You will need a grinder with cutting wheels, a welding machine, a hammer, sandpaper and pliers.

Diagram of a drill with a disc blade

Necessary materials:

• a metal pipe or fittings 1.5 m long for the rod - the vertical part of the drill;
• fittings 40 cm long for the handle;
• circular saw blade 2-3 mm thick for blades;
• drill with a diameter of 15 mm for a pointed tip.

Disc blade drawing

How to make a disk type drill:

1. Take a circular saw blade and use a grinder to cut it in half. Select the diameter of the disc depending on the desired size of the hole - on average, 15 cm. Grind the blades to zero so as not to cut yourself during work.
2. Weld two pieces of reinforcement - a handle and a rod, so that you get a T-shaped profile. Weld a drill to the end of the rod, and weld the blades 5 cm above. Make sure that the angle between them is 25 degrees.
3. Sharpen the blades with an grinder's abrasive wheel. You can carefully “walk” along the drill.

Circular saw - basis

You can make a disc tool with removable blades if necessary. To do this, instead of the blades themselves, weld metal pads to the rod at the desired angle, and secure the cutting elements with bolts. When necessary, you can replace them with blades of a different diameter.

Auger for narrow holes

A screw tool is more difficult to use than a disk tool due to the larger number of turns that create significant resistance. But narrow holes can be dug manually only with its help. To make an auger drill with your own hands, prepare the materials:

• fittings for the rod - 1.5 m long (can be adjusted according to height);
• profile pipe for handle 40-50 cm long;
• several metal disks of the same thickness (about 2 mm) and diameter - the number of disks is equal to the number of turns of the screw.

Discs welded together

How to make a homemade drill for poles:

1. In the center of each disk, cut a hole with a diameter equal to the diameter of the rod.
2. Take the first disk and cut out a small sector from the resulting circle. Repeat on all disks.
3. Weld the disks together to form a spiral spring - an auger. Weld rings to the ends of the auger.
4. Place the rod rod inside the central hole of the “spring” and use the rings to stretch it lengthwise.
5. Weld the top and bottom edges of the auger to the rod.
6. Boil the auger along its entire length.
7. Attach the handle to the rod by welding or bolting.
8. Sharpen the lower part of the reinforcement with an abrasive wheel at an angle of 25 degrees.

Auger stretched around a rod

Garden spade drill

If you plan to loosen soft and loose soil, make a drill from an ordinary shovel. Sequencing:

1. Take a high-quality steel shovel and make markings on the canvas in accordance with the drawing.
2. Cut the bottom of the blade according to the markings and bend the edges in different directions: one forward and the other backward.
3. Bend the petals of the fabric remaining below upward - also in different directions.

Marking drawing on a shovel

The drilling device is ready, it can be used for planting plants in the garden or garden beds.

If you want to make a garden drill with your own hands, drawings and photos can give you an interesting idea. The materials are often what’s lying around in the barn or garage. Study several models and choose the one that is easier to manufacture or most suitable for the task.

If your own experience is not enough, you can always show the drawing to a more experienced neighbor and get to work together.

How to Modify a Handheld Drilling Tool

A homemade drill can be modified to work more efficiently. Possible improvements:

• Replaceable cutters or blades. To drill holes of different diameters with one tool, make a base with mounting pads welded to the rod at an angle of 25 degrees. Drill two holes in them for the bolts with which you will attach the blades. Install the bolts with the threads facing up so that they do not interfere with drilling.
• A pointed tip of a drill. Cut a plate measuring 10x2 cm from a sheet of metal. On one side, grind it to a cone-shaped state with a grinder and weld it to the end of the rod instead of a drill.
• Small blades between the tip of the drill and the large ones. Add them by welding 8x3cm metal plates immediately after the tip.
• A curved circular saw blade instead of halves. Take one disk and cut it radially to the middle. Bend the metal in different directions and weld it like a screw.

Result of manual drilling

How to care for drilling equipment

Making a hand-held drilling device at home is not difficult, but it requires care to ensure it lasts for many years. Rules for keeping a drill on the farm:

1. Immediately after purchase or manufacture, coat the blade and stem with an anti-corrosion compound to prevent rust from forming. The second option is to paint the product with metal paint.
2. Before work, check the sharpness of the blade and, if necessary, sharpen it with a block or sandpaper.
3. Before drilling, loosen the top layer of soil with a shovel.
4. Having screwed the tool in until the last turn, carefully pull it out - do not allow the blades to bend due to an excess of earth.
5. After work, clean the blades and stem from adhering soil.
6. Repair any damage promptly.

Video: Tool for digging holes

When working with any type of drilling rig, make sure that the soil around the edges of the hole does not crumble. If necessary, pour water inside and continue the process. A correctly made drill in combination with proven application techniques is the key to success when developing a site.

During construction and landscaping, it is often necessary to make round holes in the earthen soil. Such pits are needed for light utility structures, which include: arched structures, fences, pillars and other buildings. Even the holes that are made when making a pile foundation, only of a smaller diameter, are also made with a hand drill.

Types of equipment

In what cases can this type of equipment be used:

• When utility networks are laid.
• For the construction of a well.
• For installing a load-bearing base on piles for light outbuildings or other structures.
• When installing a fence.

Types of structures and their technical characteristics

In the past, vertical shovels were used for such purposes. They have been replaced by new, improved, simple models that will greatly facilitate all types of work.

A few simple kits:

The simplest mechanical device

It is a conventional double-sided equipment with a tubular rod, a handle and a cutter with 2 blades on the other side.

Used for digging shallow holes and shallow wells.

Model with removable cutters

It can be used for all types of work

Auger drilling device

The main differences of the improved manual model are that behind the cutting blades there is a screw auger. Thanks to several cutters and a split design, work is carried out quickly, and due to extension, penetration occurs to the required depth.

Fundamental manual equipment "TISE": characteristics and production

Today, in private suburban construction, drilling operations with a load-bearing foundation can increasingly be found. In frequent cases, individual construction opts for TISE, the optimal solution in terms of cost of work and quality of work.

Modern device for wide use

The operating principle of the drill will ensure comfortable work:

• The presence of sliding sections of the rod allows you to adjust the desired depth, since the length of each part is 1.10 m.
• The equipment is equipped with a soil receiver with a diameter of 20.5 cm, which exactly corresponds to the size of the holes.
• In order for the well to be vertically ideal, a cylindrical accumulator is used.
• If during drilling operations obstacles form in the ground, a guide pin will come to the rescue, which will be responsible for the given direction in the event of interference.
• Auger plates and special loosening cutters, which are located in the lower part of the receiver, are responsible for collecting soil.
• The device is equipped with a folding paddle, which is raised by a cord and lowered by its own weight.

There are only two versions of the TISE drill, which differ only in the storage device.

TISE drill: manual assembly in several versions

A drill made independently can be thought of as 2 different pieces of equipment: one model with an extension, the other designed for drilling, a simpler design.

Manual assembly for drilling work, without expansion:

• You will need 2 pieces of ordinary water pipe (diameter 210mm and length 150mm).
• A bottom is welded on one end of the pipe, and a removable chamfer on the other.
• A thick drill and auger are mounted in the center.

For a telescopic rod you will need 2 pipes (250x250 mm and 200x200). This design can cope with drilling difficult soil up to 100 mm, and the wall of the cup will be perfectly smooth.

After watching the video review, you will be able to understand in more detail the assembly of the equipment and the principle of its operation:

To prevent soil from sticking to the walls of the well, you can use machine oil.

Assembling the device for expansion:

• This device has a more complex structure. A pipe with a diameter of 210 mm and a length of 800 mm is used for the glass.
• The second glass is made 50 mm smaller in diameter.
• Next, there is also a chamfer and a bottom, which acts as a storage tank for soil, holes are made there.
• A rod made of a pipe 200x200 mm in diameter and 100 cm long is attached in the center, into which a device made of bearings is mounted.
• Then you will need a steel angle, 250 mm long, connect it to the sleeve. Using a bolt up to 2 cm, we weld it to the dead rod (the design resembles a door hinge).
• No. 21 Device with extension
• A 250x250 mm pipe is mounted on the rod, and a sleeve with a bolt is welded to the bottom, onto which the 2nd angle is attached and connected to the first.
• Thus, we get a mobile device.
• Finally, we screw on the blade of the shovel, which visually resembles a simple plow for cleaning the bottom.

Schematic drawing of manual assembly

Mechanical hand pole equipment, application, work quality

Among the many models, I would like to highlight one of the universal drilling devices, the earth drill. The equipment is designed for a wide range of tasks. It is used both in the professional field and for individual construction.

Using the equipment you can perform the following types of work:

1. Construction of fences.
2. Preparatory work for foundation supports.
3. For the construction of drainage wells.
4. Planting trees and plants.

The device can also be used for laying communications, i.e., for horizontal drilling.

This equipment is dismountable, lightweight, durable and easy to transport. To work with a digger, you do not need special physical training; you can handle all types of work independently, without outside help.

Types of structures for pillars

The equipment comes in several varieties that differ in functionality and parameters.

We distinguish three groups:

1. “Pit drills” are household without a motor; the work is carried out with the help of an operator.
2. Equipment that runs on gasoline or motors.
3. Hanging structures work only with the help of special equipment.

Manual hole drills without motor

The compactness of the model is convenient to use and transport. Thanks to the equipment, you can very easily install a light wooden fence or simply dig a hole for a well.

The design looks like this:

• Simple "T" handle.
• Rod with built-in knife.

Manual models are made in different sizes; there are also collapsible ones, which is very important when transporting. Holes are made with a diameter of up to 300 mm and a depth of up to 2 m.

Mechanized models

This is a simple piece of equipment with an electric drive and a motor. There are also gasoline models. The tool allows you to make fairly deep holes up to 3 m.

Drilling or mounted rigs

This model is designed for drilling large diameter wells. Just right for installing electric poles and serious fences, for example, airports or industrial enterprises.

How to make a hand drill yourself

Very few people know that making a hand drill can be done at home. You will need detailed instructions and the availability of the necessary tools and materials.

The model provided is not suitable for complex work with stony clay.

We prepare the necessary materials for production

To manufacture the equipment you will need:

1. Vise.
2. Gas keys.
3. Grinder with a nozzle for metal.
4. Welding.
5. Electric drill.
6. Die holder.

Step-by-step assembly instructions

Pipe processing

We take a piece of pipe with a diameter of 5 cm and make an oval edge.

Drill handle

We prepare a place for the drill handle. We weld a piece of metal for the drill handle to the oval side.

Mounting the nut

A nut is welded to a part with a diameter of 5 cm.

We screw both ends of the pipe. We weld a tip on one side of the pipe, and a bolt on the other and screw it to each other. We cut the discs in half.

Mounting disks

The 2 halves of the disk are welded at an angle of 40 degrees to each other on the edge of the pipe. The second half of the larger diameter is welded similarly above the first at a distance of 10 mm.

We twist both parts together. We get a hand drill.

After all the work has been carried out, it is necessary to carry out a test drilling and only after that it can be prepared for applying paint. It will take no more than 2.5 hours to make this model.

When choosing the right tool for yourself, it is better to use some recommendations that will help you make the right choice, saving time:

1. When choosing, pay attention to the spiral; the speed of work depends on this detail.
2. If small-sized drilling is planned, then a flat spiral can be used.
3. When purchasing, pay attention to the speed mode of the equipment. During drilling operations, you should strictly follow the instructions so that the tool does not fail quickly.
4. If you are faced with choosing a hand drill for more serious work, then it is better to look at a model with an auger.
5. Working with a manual device will be too tiring for you. It is necessary that the drill removes the earth from the drilling site, which will greatly facilitate your efforts.

For more detailed information, as an example of the operation of one of the types of devices, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the video material on how to drill a well yourself using the percussion-rope method.

The video review will explain to everyone how competently you can drill a hole by hand. Practical advice will help you choose the best option and get serious about choosing the equipment you need.

The gardener's fighting "friend" - the shovel - does a good job in the garden. With its help you can dig a trench for the foundation and a hole for a seedling.

However, there are operations where this entrenching tool is ineffective and can only be replaced by a hand-held excavation drill.

There are many examples of its use. Let's take the simplest one - a hole for a fence post. You won’t be able to dig it up quickly and compactly with a shovel.

This tool requires a lot of space to “maneuver”, so instead of a pit with a diameter of 10-15 cm, you will have to dig a wide hole. Moreover, the deeper you need to dig the post, the wider it will be.

For a hand drill, such work will take two to three times less time. The pit will be compact and very little earth will have to be removed. Let’s not forget about such an important point as preserving the natural structure and density of the soil. Digging with a shovel breaks it, the earth becomes loose. Therefore, when backfilling, it is necessary to properly compact the soil (layer by layer with simultaneous wetting).

The manual auger for poles ensures maximum speed of work and reduces its labor intensity. The depth of the pit can be 0.5 - 1.5 meters, and when using extension cords - up to 5 meters.

Where can this tool be used?

The answers to this question are obvious:

• Installation of fence posts;
• Wells for water and laying utility networks;
• Planting seedlings;
• Pile foundations (for a country house and outbuildings).

Types and technical characteristics of hand drills

The practical use of “vertical shovels” has revealed their advantages and weaknesses. As a result, several varieties of hand drills were developed.

The simplest garden hand auger– a tubular rod with a handle at one end and a two-blade cutter at the other.

The simplicity of the design is a guarantee of reliability, however, you won’t be able to dig anything with it other than a shallow hole or well.

Second variety– a tool equipped with removable cutters of different diameters. It can be used for drilling almost all types of pits and wells.

In addition to the plate type, you can also find an auger drill on sale. It differs from its brother in that it has a screw auger behind the cutting blades. Such a tool takes up more soil in one working cycle, which speeds up digging a hole.

The advanced hand drill has several cutters and a split rod design. This allows you to build it up, going deeper to the desired level.

The handle extension is another useful option that is found in drills designed for drilling deep wells. It is easier to work with such a tool. You can twist the handle together with a partner, increasing the cutting force of the edge and the speed of penetration.

A special type - TISE hand drills, sometimes called foundation. They have a rather complex design. It ensures the drilling of wide wells under the piles and creates expansions in their lower part.

Such a drill has a wide soil receptacle in which earth with small stones (diameter up to 5 cm) accumulates. A special folding blade begins to work at the very end of the well, expanding the supporting part of the future reinforced concrete pile.

In addition to a flat cutting edge, some hand drills use a serrated one. It loosens the soil better, making work easier.

When choosing a hand-held drilling tool, pay attention to the technical characteristics that we mentioned above. If they don’t have to work often, digging holes for planting trees and posts, it’s better to buy an inexpensive drill with one cutter.

Anyone who has to dig a deep water supply well, install a columnar foundation or install a fence around a site will not do without a drill with an extendable rod and a handle extension. The design of such a tool provides for the possibility of replacing cutters.

A hand drill, which can be used by two people, overcomes not only sandy, but also clayey soils with the inclusion of small stones. If the soil on the site is rocky, then a hand drill will not help you. Here you will need an excavator or hand digging with a shovel and removing the stone.

Manufacturers and estimated prices

Due to the simplicity of the design and high demand, the products of dozens of companies are on the market. Despite this, it is better to give preference to well-known brands. These include the Zubr brand. As can be seen from the photo, this tool has two screw cutters - a smaller and a larger diameter.

This makes the drilling process easier: a smaller cutter penetrates the soil more easily, punching a narrow channel in it. The only thing that can be wide is to expand its walls.

The approximate price for a hand-held garden auger Bison with a diameter of 300 mm without an extension rod is 2,000 rubles.

The Tornado hand drill is designed for digging holes in soil contaminated with construction waste and saturated with small stones. It is a combination of fork and plate augers.

By creating minimal resistance to rotation, such a tip confidently passes through soil that is difficult to handle with a standard drilling tool.

The estimated cost of a Tornado drill is from 1,200 rubles.

Making your own drill

The design of the “vertical shovel” is extremely simple. Therefore, its production is accessible to a home craftsman who has a welding machine, a drill and a grinder.

In order to make a hand drill with your own hands, you will need:

• Water supply steel pipe for the rod (length 1.5 meters, internal diameter 15 mm);
• Steel pipe or piece of reinforcement for the handle (length 40-50 cm, diameter 20 mm);
• Metal drill with a diameter of 15 mm;
• Circular saw blade (diameter 150-200 mm);

To strengthen the drill, instead of a disk, you can take a thick sheet of metal (3 mm) and cut a circle of the required diameter from it. By cutting it into two halves and sharpening the edges of each, we get a durable cutter. Its blades must be welded to the rod so that the angle between them is 30 degrees.

A drill is welded to the end of the rod, which will act as a guide tip. A handle is welded strictly perpendicular to the other end.

If you have extra scrap on the farm, it can also be used as a base for a drill. In this case, you won't need a drill. It will be replaced by the sharp end of a crowbar.

A more universal design can also be made with your own hands. To do this, a nut is welded to the free end of the rod, and a bolt is welded to the removable handle. This drill is equipped with a tubular extension. At one end you need to weld a nut, and at the other - a bolt suitable for the thread size.

In order to make a garden drill with your own hands, you need to treat all the details with the utmost care.

At the very beginning, drawings are selected, after which production begins. It is worth considering that any drawing can be refined and reworked in the process, depending on the ideas that emerge.

First stage

Tools and materials:

• Bulgarian;
• welding machine;
• roulette;
• pipe;
• vice;
• bolt.

The work process begins with the main element - the working handle. The width of the handle depends on the number of people, but in this case a traditional version is made for one (if 2 or 4 people work, the handles can be extended for convenience by 50-70 cm in each direction). To begin with, 2 pipe cuts are made at 80 and 20 cm, and thick-walled options (3.5 mm or thicker) and with a diameter of 40 mm are selected. Sometimes a profile pipe is used, which is not as effective, but a little more convenient.

An arc cut is made in a short pipe on one side, into which another pipe can be inserted 1/3 for secure fixation. After the cutout is formed and polished, you can install the pipe into it exactly in the center, and then spot fix it by welding.

A steel bolt of the appropriate diameter is welded into the bottom of the pipe so that the threads point downward. This move will significantly simplify the task, because you won’t have to make any complex options, which, in turn, are not always characterized by increased reliability.

After this, the handles are compressed in a vice to give them an oval appearance, thanks to which the tool will sit in the hands much more securely than it did before. There are several options here instead of the one proposed:

1. Use rubber or wooden pads. The diameter will still remain very large, but it will become much more convenient to work.
2. Weld a thinner round pipe (20-30 mm) inside, but here you need to choose the thickest-walled options, otherwise there is a high probability of bending. Such a pipe fits 2/3 inside, so that even in case of problems with the welding seam it does not fall out.

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Primary activity

Tools and materials:

• Bulgarian;
• welding machine;
• roulette;
• pipe;
• steel strip;
• sheet steel;
• milling cutters for grinders;
• primer paint and brush.

Now take a pipe of the same diameter 100 cm in length, which will be the main working element.

An elongated nut is welded at the top of the pipe, or several standard nuts are welded instead (under no circumstances should the welder touch the thread). This is necessary so that threaded connections can be made to the handle, and, if necessary, to other segments.

A chisel is installed at the bottom. Its shape can be different, but it is usually made from a 2-4 mm steel strip, and it must be hardened after shaping (cooling in cold oil). You can give it any shape, or you can leave a regular “bayonet”, which in practice doesn’t really matter if the sharpening is perfect.

The screw is made of sheet steel, and squares are initially used, from which ideal circles are then formed. The distance between the turns always remains identical from 8 to 10 cm.

If you are making a cutter (2-3 turns), then it is better to use grinder cutters of 115 mm (solid cutting edge) and 150 mm (ribbed cutting edge), where the lower disk will cut into the ground, while the upper one will easily cut all the roots . If 3 turns are formed, then it is made from a 150 mm cutter with a solid edge.

They are fixed at an angle of 35 degrees, because... this will allow you to work quite quickly without any additional difficulties. It is very important to weld the entire seam from start to finish to achieve maximum durability.

If additional intermediate segments are made, they will be made either in the form of a screw column, or simply a pipe with two fastening elements at the ends in the form of a bolt and nuts.

Have you decided to dig a well on your personal plot, but your budget does not allow you to buy a drill and hire workers? The question arises: how to make a drill for pillars yourself at home using auxiliary materials? In the article we will talk about methods for its manufacture and use when drilling a well.

Features of manual drilling

A home well means savings, water quality, and ease of maintenance. The services of drilling specialists are expensive, so many drill wells on their own. Sometimes this is the only way out of the situation if you plan to loosen the soil in a place where special equipment cannot enter. Is it difficult to drill the soil to the water yourself? It all depends on the depth of water in the chosen location and on compliance with drilling rules. Following all the rules, you can easily drill a well using a ready-made mechanism.

Spiral drill for hand drilling

You can make your own spiral or spoon-shaped drill from the simplest materials. A spiral drill is similar to a large-diameter drill; its main element is a cutting edge in the form of a spiral, which is a twisted and sharpened steel strip.

The most common hand tools are a shovel and a hand drill.

The width of the cutting edge that loosens the soil depends on the size of the required well. During drilling, the earth is pushed up and remains on the edges of the drill, so the process will need to be stopped and the rod cleaned. This design is universal, because a spiral drill can loosen any soil.

Spoon drill for hand drilling

This type of drill has a cylindrical working surface and a metal rod. A slot of a spiral or longitudinal shape is made in the lower part of the tool. The edge of the slot is one centimeter from the base and acts like a spoon, which helps make the well wider than the diameter of the cylinder. A spoon-shaped drill is used when loosening loamy soils, which allows you to drill a well in stages with the installation of pipes.

Making a drill yourself

How to make a drill with your own hands? To make a spiral drill, you will need the following tools:

• steel rod;
• Bulgarian;
• welding machine;
• roulette;
• disk made of hard, infusible material.

The basis of the design is the cutting part, or simply the drill

Divide the latter into two equal parts and sharpen along the line of the circle and cut. The better the sharpening, the more effective further work with the drill will be. The rod is sharpened from one end and at a distance of 20 cm from the sharp tip, a notch is applied to the rod, and the cutting edges are welded along it at an angle of 20 degrees to the central axis and 40 degrees to each other.

A similar homemade drill is made from steel tape. It is heated and turned into a spiral at a pouring angle of 45 degrees. The finished product is welded to the rod.

How to make a spoon-shaped drill?

A spoon-shaped drill will help you dig a well more accurately. To make it, you will need a grinder, a metal drill, a welding machine, a metal rod and a hollow cylinder. First, you should cut the cylindrical base from the side and make a special grip in the form of a spoon from below. If the soil is loose, then make a larger cut. Earth gets inside the cylinder and cleaning needs to be done. The dimensions of the drill depend on the required dimensions of the well.

You can make a drill for poles with your own hands from an old pipe or cylinder. Using a grinder, cut a hole in the bottom of the element and weld the workpiece along the longitudinal seam. Weld a metal drill or a pointed metal plate to the end of the rod. The offset from the central axis is 1 cm. Use only hard materials that can withstand heavy loads.

The main advantages of this device are that the hole in the ground is very neat and accurate

How to make a handle for a drill?

The handle is welded on top of the split pipe. Rolled metal is an excellent choice when making a handle. It bears the heaviest load during construction work. The handle must be well secured and should not wobble during rotation. To avoid injury, make it smooth and easy to use.

Split drill pipe

The drilling base is made in the form of a detachable pipe 150 cm long in order to loosen the earth to the required depth. It lengthens as the well deepens by adding sections, no more than 1 m in size.

Fastening split pipe sections

Fastening can be done using several methods:

• welded coupling;
• threaded coupling;
• fastening with nuts or bolts.

The coupling should be welded to the base or to additional sections of the drill. The coupling is attached with a nut to the lower section. The drill must sometimes be lifted from the ground and cleaned by disassembling and reassembling.

The second option is to attach it to a thread. To prevent the elements from being separated, install a cotter pin.

Bolts and nuts are best used in drilling narrow wells; they are attached specifically to sections of the pipe. The method is not entirely reliable, so do not use it when working with dry soil.

To assemble it yourself, you will need either a welding machine, or bolts with nuts and a drill to drill holes for them

Percussion-rope drilling

Another way to dig a well on a private plot with your own hands. You will need tools: a tripod, a winch, a cable and the drill itself. The average height of the tripod should be 2.5 meters; a block with a cable is attached to its upper part. The winch is located near the supports. The working tool is a part of a pipe with thick walls and a welded seam.

A metal strip is welded horizontally to the upper part, on which a cable loop is made, where the base is suspended. The soil is removed thanks to a slot 75 percent of the length of the base. Sharpen the lower edge of the pipe and make a special petal or ball-type grip inside. The soil will remain in the grip, so its height from the bottom edge of the pipe should be about 6 cm.