Hand drill mechanical. hello from ussr. Hand drill: how useful is this tool

Today, such an indispensable tool from the times of the USSR, like a hand drill, is being forgotten more and more quickly. This is due to its replacement with electric drills, which have a number of undeniable advantages. However, despite the fact that the hand drill has long faded into the background and even the third plan, many masters can still find it in their arsenal. Why do we need a hand drill, as well as its advantages over power tools, we will consider further.

Hand drills are also called brace or power drills. In Soviet times, such a device was an indispensable tool not only for repair work, but also for the economy as a whole. Previously, such a drill was called a brace, as it was structurally a curved frame with a chuck for fixing drills.

The improvement of the rotator led to the creation of a hand drill, structurally consisting of a chuck, a handle, as well as a gearbox with gears. The use of such devices in the days of the USSR was carried out to carry out a number of various works. Today, power tools are used for such work, but there are still areas where hand-held devices are still popular.

The hand drill allows you to drill holes in wood, concrete, metal and other materials. The only drawback is the need to rotate the cartridge with the handle manually, through the gearbox. Today, such products have found their application in screwing screws. Electric screwdrivers are able to cope with this task quickly and easily, but very often there are times when the power of the power tool is simply not enough to screw the screw to the end. A hand drill comes to the rescue, the screwing force of which directly depends on the physical condition of the person.

As before, today, in medicine, a hand drill is the most necessary tool that is intended for drilling bones, which is done to be able to install splicing needles in them. In addition, a mechanical tool has found its application for marking. For marking, various tools can be used, including a brace. In addition, with the help of a mechanical tool, existing holes are drilled, countersinking and even reaming, so do not rush to throw away such a useful type of tool.

Pros and cons of such a drill

Like a power tool, a hand drill also has its advantages and disadvantages. Let's start by listing the benefits:

1. Simplicity of design. The simplest design of the tool allows you to reduce the cost of the tool, as well as increase reliability. Modern manual units are made from not as high-quality materials as in the days of the USSR. But nevertheless, such a product is difficult to break, and even if any damage occurs, it is eliminated quite easily, quickly and independently.
2. No need to connect to electricity. The tool can be operated in the field, which increases the functionality of the device.
3. Low cost. Today, you can buy a new mechanical drill for a maximum of 1000 rubles, but outdated models are more popular, which can be purchased from 400 rubles.

As for the shortcomings, the device in question also has them. These include:

• The need for physical force. Sometimes this property is very useful, as it allows you to pump up muscles.
• Large dimensions of the product. Despite the simplicity of design, the product is larger than power tools, which complicates its transportation.
• Large weight of some models. The weight of the tool depends on the materials from which the parts of the device are made. If cast iron is used, then the mass of the tool reaches 2-3 kg.

What is

The hand drill and the brace have a slightly different design, but the end result is the same. The moment of rotation of the rotator cartridge directly depends on the number of rotational movements of a person. Hand drills come in single speed and two speed types.

A two-speed hand drill is equipped with four gears, through which an increase in torque is carried out when a force of one magnitude is applied. This property allows you to adjust the speed of drilling holes, increasing it by 2-4 times compared to the rotation. To control the speed, you simply need to change the drive shaft on which the handle is fixed.

Single-speed drills are a simplified version, as they have 2 gears, one of which (large diameter) is leading and the second is driven. In such tools, the rotation speed of the cartridge can only be adjusted manually.

Structurally, a hand tool is:

• from two to four gears, depending on the type of tool;
• a handle that connects to the pinion shaft;
• a cartridge presented in the form of a collet mechanism;
• additional handle for holding the device;
• emphasis.

The principle of operation of a hand drill is quite simple. The drive gear, which is several times larger than the driven gear, is set in motion with the help of a handle. A different number of teeth on the drive and driven gears allows you to change the torque. The transmission torque ensures the rotation of the driven gear, which is rigidly connected to the tool chuck.

Work with a hand drill

When working with a mechanical hand drill, it is important to follow safety rules when working. Such a tool is less dangerous than electrical counterparts, but, nevertheless, irreparable damage to health can be caused. When working with the device in question, it is important to observe the following recommendations:

1. The part that is being drilled, or into which the fastener is screwed, must be securely fastened, otherwise you may injure yourself.
2. The drill, as with power tools, tends to heat up when drilling, so do not rush to take it in your hand after finishing work.
3. It is important to allow the drill bit to cool down while drilling, as overheating it can cause dullness and damage.
4. It is important to wear protective goggles and gloves when working with the tool.

Compliance with the simplest safety rules when working with a hand drill will prevent serious injury and damage.

rpm — 0...1000

2. Power, Tue — 250

:

4. Weight, kg, no more:
- nozzle - 1.2
- electric drive - 0.7

5. Overall dimensions, mm, no more:

The kit includes:

Drill traumatological DR-6 with a through hole of the shaft

1. Rotational speed of the cutting tool, rpm — 0...1000

2. Power, Tue — 250

3. Mode of operation intermittent:
- cycle time in minutes - 15
- duration of work during the cycle in minutes - 10

4. Weight, kg, no more:
- nozzle - 1.2
- electric drive - 0.7

5. Overall dimensions, mm, no more:
- nozzle (without cartridge): length 115, height 152, diameter 45;
- electric drive: length 112, diameter 45.

6. Clamping mechanisms used only for holding the spokes:
collet 0.8 - 1.0 for spokes with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.0 mm.
collet 1.2 - 1.5 for knitting needles with a diameter of 1.2 to 1.5 mm.
collet 1.5 - 2.0 for spokes with a diameter of 1.5 to 2.0 mm.
collet 2.0 - 2.5 for knitting needles with a diameter of 2.0 to 2.5 mm.
ASZM 0.8 - 1.0 for knitting needles with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.0 mm.
ASZM 1.3 - 1.5 for knitting needles with a diameter of 1.3 to 1.5 mm.
ASZM 1.8 - 2.0 for knitting needles with a diameter of 1.8 to 2.0 mm.

7. Clamping mechanisms used for drilling and holding spokes:
- cam chuck for cutting tools with a shank diameter of 1.0-6.0 mm.

The kit includes:

Drills DR-6 and DR-2A are widely used in traumatology and orthopedics

Surgery and traumatology »» Traumatology and orthopedics »» Traumatological drills DR-6 and DR-2A

Today, with the availability of power tools, such simple and reliable devices as a mechanical hand drill are often undeservedly forgotten. Meanwhile, even inferior in its capabilities to electric models, this tool remains practical, autonomous and as economical as possible, and under certain conditions can be a more advantageous option for drilling or working with fasteners.

Benefits of a manual power drill

One of the main advantages that a hand drill has is its extremely simple design. Most of the parts are made of metal and breakdowns, even if they occur, happen most often due to mechanical damage, for example, when something massive falls on a drill. This raises the level of reliability to a height unattainable for electric models - there is practically nothing to break in the device. Due to the simplicity of design and high degree of reliability, a power drill is very durable. There are many examples when these devices serve for several decades.

In addition, a hand drill does a good job of drilling holes in wood and other wooden materials (plywood, fiberboard, chipboard), plastic, drywall, not too thick metal. If the diameter of the holes produced does not exceed 10 mm, a hand drill can make them with almost the same efficiency as electric counterparts. It does not require access to electricity, which for some conditions is of decisive importance. Like other types of similar tools, this one can be used to screw in or out fastener threaded parts (self-tapping screws, screws, screws). To turn the device into a screwdriver, you just need to fix the corresponding bit in the chuck.

The indisputable advantage inherent in such a tool as a hand drill is considered to be low cost. The price of the tool, depending on the model and diameter of the cartridge, can range from 400 to 1000 rubles, which makes it affordable for any buyer, regardless of income level.

Hand drill device

Power drills are generally divided into single-speed and two-speed. The latter are considered more practical and versatile, despite the fact that the design is a little more complicated. However, it becomes possible to change the rotation speed, which expands the scope.

A single-speed handheld mini-drill is technically a pair of gears that transmit rotation from the handle to the chuck. Quite often, the gears are not even hidden in the case, but left open.

On a large drive gear there is a handle that drives the mechanism, a small (driven) gear is fixed on a common shaft with a cartridge. At the opposite end of the device from the cartridge, a persistent handle is mounted that allows you to hold the tool and guide it. The design is simple, due to which the hand drill has phenomenal reliability and almost never fails.

Two-speed hand drills are somewhat more complex in design, the device is based on a mechanism called a two-stage multiplier. This is a mechanical gearbox consisting of a set of gears arranged on several axes in one housing.

In order to change the rotation speed, the handle is reset to the desired side, while changing the gear ratio of the gearbox and, accordingly, the number of revolutions of the cartridge per revolution of the handle. In fairness, it should be noted that there are models where speed switching occurs using a longitudinal displacement of the axis of rotation of the handle and there is no need to twist the handle itself to change the rotational speed of the cartridge.

In general, a hand drill is a device that has a shoulder rest, one handle for rotating the chuck and a handle located on the other side for holding the tool.

The cartridge can be of different models, three- or four-jaw. The rotary handle is fixed on the shaft, as a rule, with a locking screw. Thrust is screwed into the body on the right or left. If necessary, all parts can be removed, gears cleaned and lubricated.

Security and subtleties of choice

A hand drill is a simple tool that does not require special skills to work. However, as with other devices, it is necessary to follow simple rules to minimize the likelihood of damage to the working part or injury to a person:

• the workpiece must be fixed - in any attempt to hold it with your hands, situations often arise when the part breaks out of the fingers, causing injury along the way;
• do not touch the drill with your hand without making sure that it has cooled down (burns are not uncommon, especially if metal was drilled);
• after replacing the drill, do not forget the key in the chuck;
• when drilling at high speed, to avoid overheating of the drill, it is better to take breaks - and the drill will be healthier, and the work will eventually be done better;
• using goggles will protect your eyes from chips.

When choosing a hand drill, you should pay attention to the convenience of the handles, the smoothness of the rotation of the mechanism, and the accuracy of execution. The case should not have burrs, sharp protruding edges, or other signs of poor-quality production. Negligence in performance indicates, as a rule, a low quality of production, which negatively affects the products.

As practice shows, a mechanical drill is still in demand, despite the fact that today there is a huge selection of "electricians". It is clear that working with this tool is more tedious and slower than drilling with an electric drill or a screwdriver, so a hand drill is rarely used in professional activities. However, for simple household tasks, this tool can be effective and practical, allowing you to do the same job without access to the mains, without rushing, but keeping the process completely under control.