Dimensions of strip foundation for a house. The width of the foundation for a private house must be at least the Minimum width of the foundation for a house

When constructing a strip foundation, it is important to correctly carry out all preliminary calculations and determine the parameters of the foundation. One of them is the width of the foundation, which is directly related not only to the calculated value of the area of ​​the base, but also to the thickness of the load-bearing wall that will be built on the foundation strip. In this article we will talk about how wide the strip foundation should be, and how it should be calculated in specific cases.

What influences the final width of the foundation

In the article, where we gave an example of calculating the foundation, considerable attention was paid to the selection of the main parameters of the foundation for the house - including thickness. If we consider only the strip foundation, then the width of the strip depends on:

• the total estimated area of ​​the foundation base, which is calculated based on the loads from the building (you can calculate them) and the soil itself, or rather its load-bearing capacity indicators. First, we calculate the total value of the area, based on which we take the minimum value of the width of the foundation;
• the thickness of the load-bearing walls that are planned to be erected on the foundation strip. Given this indicator, the thickness of the foundation should be at least 100 mm greater than the thickness of the walls. This value should be enough for subsequent finishing of the facade of the house;
• reinforcement of a concrete monolith. It is necessary to take into account that the reinforcement for the foundation must work in conjunction with concrete, and for this, a distance (at least 200 mm) must be maintained between the longitudinal rods. We wrote about how to calculate reinforcement for a foundation in a feature article - we recommend that you take the information presented into account

Calculation of the width of the foundation based on the area of ​​the base of the foundation

Let's say we carried out all the calculations on soil and loads and found that the minimum area of ​​the base of the foundation for a 6x9 m house turned out to be 5 sq. m. m. We take the width of the tape equal to X, then the total area of ​​the tape is calculated as follows:

2×9×X+2×X(6-2X)=5,
18Х+12Х-4Х²=5

Where does X1=0.17 m and X2=7.3 m come from? Obviously, in our case the relevant value is X1=0.17 m. This will be minimum acceptable width of the foundation strip.

What should be the width of the base of the house if the thickness of the walls is known?

However, the value obtained above is only indicative. Let’s say that the house design includes load-bearing walls with a thickness of 300 mm, which is almost twice the calculated width of the strip foundation. Taking into account that the width of the tape should be 100 mm larger, we obtain the calculated value: 300+100=400 mm. In total, the margin of foundation width will be: 0.4:0.17×100-100=135% more than the minimum.

Reinforcement dependence

Typically, reinforcement with a diameter of 12, 14 or 16 mm is used for strip foundations. To assess whether the selected material fits into the selected parameters of the base (in this case, its width), it is necessary to calculate the cross-sectional area of ​​the tape and the percentage that is allocated in the monolith specifically to the reinforcement cage for the foundation. To do this, we take the height of the tape, for example, 0.8 m (depending on the project) and, using the table below, we calculate whether in this case it is possible to use 4 longitudinal reinforcement bars with a diameter of 12, 14 or 16 mm.

The cross-sectional area of ​​the tape will be equal to: 40×80=3200 sq. cm.
Provided that the reinforcement should occupy 0.001 part of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tape, we have: 3200 × 0.001 = 3.2 sq. see. The table above shows that this value is relevant when using 4 reinforcement bars with a diameter of 12 mm.

The width of the foundation is chosen correctly.

The developer is always concerned about how wide the foundation of a strip structure should be. The greater the width of the foundation, the more labor and materials must be invested in its construction. Any excess in the consumption of building materials increases the cost of building a facility. To prevent this from happening, you need to accurately calculate the width and height of the strip foundation. Calculation of the foundation of the building determines the depth of the building, the height of the walls and the width of the foundation. It is also necessary to determine the amount of reinforcement and its diameter.

Why choose strip foundation

Compared to other foundation designs, strip support allows the load from the building to the ground to be transferred most evenly, therefore, if the results of a study of the strength of the soil foundation allow it, a strip foundation is chosen.

You need to make a strip foundation along the entire perimeter of the house and under the internal load-bearing walls. If heavy technological equipment (boiler) is installed inside the house, then a foundation strip is also placed under it.

Types of strip foundation

Among foundations of different designs, the developer often chooses a strip foundation for his home. The strip base of the structure is mainly of two types:

• strip foundation made of precast reinforced concrete;
• monolithic reinforced concrete strip.

Reinforced concrete foundation blocks

Precast concrete

When installing reinforced concrete blocks in the design position, there is no need to arrange formwork. The block manufacturing technology includes vibration and steaming of concrete, which guarantees their strength.

When constructing a strip foundation from precast reinforced concrete on soft soils, the blocks are supported on concrete pads (wide slabs). Pillows increase the support area of ​​the base of the house, thereby reducing pressure on the soil.

Foundation blocks of monolithic reinforced concrete are marked with letters - FBS. The main dimensions of the FBS are shown in the table:

In addition, the industry produces FBP blocks. The blocks are a lightweight version of FBS of similar height and width with square voids. The length of the FBP is 238 cm. The blocks are used to support internal load-bearing fences and basement walls.

Disadvantages and advantages of a block foundation

Precast concrete foundation calculations cannot be economically accurate. The reason for this is the standardization of the sizes of reinforced concrete blocks. For example, if the calculation determined the thickness of the strip foundation to be 550 mm and the height of the wall to be 500 mm, then the size of the blocks used will be 600 mm and 580 mm, respectively.

Along with this, the block base has a number of advantages over monolithic tape:

• significant reduction in the volume of wet processes;
• no costs for formwork work, reinforcement, preparation and pouring of concrete solution;
• all-season installation work;
• The construction of the foundation of the house is carried out in a short time and does not depend on the hardening time of the concrete.

Strip foundation made of reinforced concrete blocks

Monolithic reinforced concrete strip

The calculation of the monolithic tape should ensure the construction of a strong and reliable foundation of the building.

If the depth of the strip depends on the groundwater level, the bearing capacity of the soil foundation, and the thickness of soil freezing, then the width of the strip foundation is determined based on the total load from the structure and the thickness of the external walls.

The strip foundation must be made of such a width that the total area of ​​the base of the building corresponds to the resistance of the soil foundation.

Calculation of the area of ​​the base of a strip foundation

The calculation of the base area of ​​the building must be such that, under the influence of the total load, the house does not push through the ground and is not pushed upward by frozen swollen soil. In the regulatory documentation you can find a formula for calculating the base area of ​​a house.

S – area of ​​the foundation base;

k – reliability coefficient equal to 1.2, that is, an area reserve of 20% is provided;

k(c) – soil composition coefficient (plastic clay – 1, sand – 1.4, etc.);

R – calculated soil resistance (taken from the SNiP table).

All elements of the formula are for reference only, except for the total load F. The total load is calculated using reference tables of regulatory documentation. For this purpose, indicators of the average specific gravity of roof, wall and ceiling structures are used.

Data such as snow load are also taken into account. In central Russia this is 100 kg/m2, in the north of the country – 190 kg/m2, in the south – 50 kg/m2.

The total amount takes into account the weight of the foundation itself and the payload (technical equipment, filling the premises with furniture, etc.).

An example of independent calculation of the width of a strip foundation

• size of the house in plan – 10 m x 10 m. Building area – 100 m 2;
• inside the house there is a load-bearing wall in the middle;
• the walls are brick, 1 brick thick - 250 mm and 2.7 m high. The specific gravity of the brickwork is 1600 kg/m 3;
• slate roofing – 40 kg/m2;
• flooring made of reinforced concrete slabs - 500 kg/m2;
• soil freezing depth – 700 mm;
• groundwater level – 2.2 m;
• soil base - dry loam of medium density with a design resistance of 2 kg/cm 2;

All values ​​of standard loads are taken based on reference data. The amount of snow load is determined from the corresponding section of SNiP for the southern regions of Russia.

Determination of the total load from the house on a strip monolithic foundation

Based on the available initial data, the total load on the foundation is calculated. The dimensions of the monolithic tape are also determined. It is necessary for developers to make calculations in the following order:

The roof is made of slate and has a gable roof. Taking into account the slope of the roof and its overhangs, a coefficient of 1.1 is used. The load from the roof will be: 100 m 2 x 1.1 x 40 kg/m 2 = 4000 kg.

Brick walls

To determine the load from the walls, knowing their thickness, you need to calculate their length. The length of the walls along the perimeter will be: (10 x 4) – (0.25 x 4) = 39 m. The deduction of the double thickness of the brickwork is made because the axes of the house plan are drawn in the middle of the thickness of the walls. The length of the internal load-bearing wall will be 10 - 0.25 = 9.75 m. The total length of the load-bearing walls will be equal to 48.75 running meters.

The volume of brickwork will be: 48.75 x 0.25 x 2.7 = 32.9 m3. The total load from the brick walls is: 32.9 x 1600 = 52,670 kg.

Flooring made of reinforced concrete slabs

The one-story house has ceilings on two levels. This is the ceiling of the basement and the ceiling in the house. The floor area is: 100 x 2 = 200 m 2. Accordingly, the load from the floor slabs will be equal to: 200 m 2 x 500 kg/m 2 = 100,000 kg.

To calculate the snow load, take the total roof area of ​​the house - 100 x 1.1 = 110 m2. The snow load will be: 110 m 2 x 50 kg/m 2 = 5,500 kg.

The rate of this load is calculated based on the average weight of technical equipment, internal communications, room decoration, furniture and other things. The specific weight of the payload ranges from 18 to 22 kg/m2.

The payload is calculated on the basis of an average of 20 kg/m2. The weight will be: 100 m 2 x 20 kg/m 2 = 2000 kg.

In total, the total load on the foundation will be equal to: 4,000 + 52,670 + 100,000 +2,000 = 159,000 kg.

Calculation of the width of a monolithic tape

According to the above formula, the minimum area of ​​the foundation base is determined:

(1.2 x 159,000 kg): 2 kg/cm 2 = 95,400 cm 2. That is, the minimum permissible area of ​​the base of the house will be 10 m2.

The total supporting area of ​​brick walls is determined by the product of the plan length of the load-bearing walls and their thickness: 48.75 m x 0.25 m = 12.18 m 2.

According to generally accepted practice, the minimum width of the strip foundation is 100 mm greater than the thickness of the walls.

The result shows that the calculated support area is less than the minimum support area of ​​the walls. Therefore, the width of the strip foundation should be equal to 250 mm + 100 mm = 350 mm.

Requirement for materials for the construction of a monolithic tape

Taking into account the thickness of soil freezing (0.7 m) and the depth of the groundwater level (2.2 m), the monolithic tape is made shallowly buried - 1 m.

To fill the formwork, concrete M 300 is used. The volume of need for concrete solution is equal to: 0.35 m x 1 m x 48.75 m = 17 m 3. . Taking into account unforeseen losses, the need for concrete will be 17.3 m 3.

The reinforcement frame consists of 4 longitudinal reinforcing bars of a periodic profile with a diameter of 12 mm. Since the transverse rods of the frame are made from the same rods, the total need for reinforcement will be: 50 m x 4 = 200 m.

From all of the above, we can conclude that it is quite possible for people who are more or less knowledgeable in the construction business to calculate the width, height and length of the strip foundation for their home.

The developer is always concerned about how wide the foundation of a strip structure should be. The greater the width, the more you need to invest in its construction.

Many land owners dream of a large and bright house, with a staircase and an attic. To make such fantasies a reality, it is necessary to calculate and build the foundation for a two-story house.

Types and features

The supporting system for a two-story building must be more rigid than for a small building. This is due to the high pressure of the house on the ground, exerted by two floors and a large number of interior partitions.

Photo - project of a strip foundation for a two-story house

There are several types of supports for a private home:

1. Strip foundation;
2. Columnar;
3. Monolithic.

A pile foundation is absolutely not suitable due to its instability. Options on stilts can support a one-story brick house, but a tall two-story building, even made of timber, will be too heavy. Screw piles can be useful when installing a small two-story utility building, but they are not recommended for home construction - it will be difficult to legitimize the construction later.

The columnar one is installed under a regular ribbon one, as in the photo. This helps further strengthen the structure. In most cases, this option is used on moving soils or marshy areas.

Photo - pillar foundation

A strip foundation for a private two-story house is easy to make with your own hands; it is this type of construction that modern craftsmen most often resort to. The tape allows you to ensure correct distribution of loads between walls and nodes, and save a significant amount of money on concreting. When choosing such a design, it is very important to calculate the loads that will be exerted on the supporting system in order to calculate the optimal depth and width of the support and sole.

A monolithic slab is the most expensive, but also the most reliable type of foundation for a private building. Despite its high cost, such filling is often used in individual construction, because with the correct calculation of the size of the foundation, it provides a reliable foundation for the house. The reliability of such a foundation is undeniable; it is believed that even during earth movement (for example, during heaving or small tremors), a correctly calculated monolithic foundation will remain intact.

Photo - example of foundation design

Video: which foundation to choose

Foundation calculation

The height and thickness of the foundation for a two-story house are the main parameters that you need to know in order to calculate the load-bearing capacity of the system.

To build a foundation for a house from foam blocks, gas silicate or sand-lime brick, you need to find out the minimum width of the base of the support system:

In this case, the value may change as the groundwater level rises. If you plan to build a house in a swampy area, then you also need to calculate the height of the drains. This is important not only for the depth level, but also for calculating the width. If, when groundwater rises, the depth of the proposed foundation becomes less than the width, then the values ​​change upward:

The thickness of the foundation strip depends on the level of soil freezing; you need to understand that this indicator and the depth of the support are one and the same. To correctly calculate this indicator, you need to know the level of soil freezing in your area. In the Russian Federation, the freezing level varies between 1 meter and 1.8. At the same time, in the middle zone you need to stick to indicators of 1.5 - they are optimal. You can find out more accurate values ​​at any geological bureau in your region.

If the house is planned with a basement, then be sure to check the groundwater level. In some cities it is so high that even drainage cannot help. But even these indicators are not final. In addition to internal parameters, you also need to calculate the height of the foundation above the ground. This value depends on the building materials of the house and the supporting system. For example, for a support made of aerated concrete and foam concrete this value is 300 mm, for a conventional concrete mortar - 200 mm.

Photo - approximate calculation of the foundation for a two-story house

In this case, the monolithic slab should be smaller in size. In most cases, for a poured cement foundation, a height of more than 150 mm above ground level is sufficient, and the width of the base is taken to be 50 mm wider than the wall of a two-story house.

Reinforcement

Strengthening the support is necessary to give the structure additional rigidity. You need to install reinforcement units at the intersections of the walls, as well as under the load-bearing walls. Reinforcing wires are connected using ties or a welded joint.

Photo - reinforcement for strip foundation

The foundation for a brick two-story house must be additionally reinforced. This will help protect the base from stretching and deformation during use. It is best to use ribbed reinforcement for a tall building. It is suitable for a frame building and a house made of aerated blocks or gas silicate. Due to its uneven structure, it is this wire that provides maximum adhesion to the concrete foundation mortar.

Photo - strip foundation options

How to fill the base

To make a foundation for a wooden, brick or block two-story house, you will need to mark the site. There should be no communications in the marked area, since when digging trenches, pipes can be damaged. Pits of the selected size are dug, and then their walls are compacted. Next, you will need step by step guide:

Do not forget that depending on what material will be used for the foundation, it may need to be insulated from moisture. All types of foam blocks and aerated concrete slabs will need to be covered with a special film on all sides before installation. To do this, install the film on the sand cushion and carefully install the building materials on it.

How wide should the foundation be? This question occupies everyone who starts building a house. Having decided on , it is necessary to calculate all the parameters for it. This means what its minimum width is, to what depth the foundation needs to be poured, how high its walls should be, how much reinforcement is required, and so on.

When calculating the foundation, you must remember that it must be 100 mm wider than the walls.

When any structure is erected, one of the main requirements for it is safety.

To comply with this requirement, it is necessary to ensure that the foundation of this building is sufficiently strong and strong. This will not happen on its own, and it is necessary to fill the foundation with all responsibility; a different approach may lead to undesirable consequences. It is for this reason that the calculation of such a parameter as , must be approached especially scrupulously.

What will this value depend on? Firstly, it depends on the thickness of the walls of the designed structure. They take it as a norm that this value is equal to the width of the base of the building. But this approach is not always justified. If we consider the construction of block buildings that have walls up to 25 cm thick, then if the same requirements are imposed on their foundation and a similar thickness of 25 cm is created, they can be pressed into the ground. Therefore, in this case, the width of the foundation should be greater.

Secondly, before construction it is necessary to conduct a study of the soil on which the building will be erected and determine at what depth the foundation needs to be made. After conducting these studies, it will be possible to determine the type of foundation that will be used in construction. It is necessary to take into account all soil data, including both the depth of freezing and its bearing capacity. These values ​​will affect many parameters, such as how much reinforcement is needed for the foundation.

Since the foundation of the building is such an important part of the entire structure being erected, up to 20% of the funds planned for all construction work on the construction of the structure are spent on its construction. And this is a lot, so it is necessary to calculate all these parameters before starting work.

But before you calculate the data for the foundation, you need to decide on the type of soil into which the foundation of the building will be poured. This is the first step that must be taken without fail, which will allow us to accurately determine the depth of pouring, the height of the wall of the base of the building, its thickness, and the amount of reinforcement that will be required for such work. Without determining the type of soil, it will be impossible to calculate these parameters correctly.

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How to determine soil type

How can you determine the type of soil without the help of specialists? To do this, collect a handful of soil from the plot of land on which you plan to build and moisten it with water. From the mixture you get, roll up a strip and bend it into a ring. You can do this only if the mixture is made of clay. Otherwise, it will simply crumble in your hands. If the mixture consists of loam, the product will break into several parts.

The sand mixture will crumble into many small pieces. Consider these particles. If the grains of sand in it are no less than 1.5 mm in diameter, this means that the foundation of the building will have to be erected on sandy soil. If you place the selected mixture in a glass and a jar of water and shake it, you can determine the amount of clay in the soil. When shaking, very cloudy water will show that the soil contains a lot of clay.

Determine the depth of groundwater. To do this, go to the nearest well and determine the water level in it. Consider the difference in height between the area where such a well is located and your site. This way you can calculate how close groundwater is to the surface of the earth. After this, determine the soil moisture by simply making a ball out of it and observing it. If the ball retains its shape, it means the soil is moist; if not, it is slightly moist.

All these simple manipulations with the ground can and must be done in order to determine what type of foundation will be used for construction. This will allow you to correctly calculate what kind of foundation, its dimensions, the amount of reinforcement and much more you will need.

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Universal approach

Having determined the type of soil on which the building will be erected, it is necessary to determine the type of foundation. This is the second step that needs to be done. Different foundations are suitable for different soils. So, if the building site is located on swampy soil saturated with water, a monolithic slab foundation is suitable. It is designed for the most fragile soils.

Pile foundations allow the construction of buildings on most types of soil. It was this method that was used in the construction of bridges, piers and lighthouses. In addition to pile foundations, pile-screw and pile-grillage foundations are used.

Another type of house foundation is a columnar foundation. A columnar foundation is suitable for light, small buildings, but despite this, it can be used on most types of soil.

And finally, the strip foundation. Despite its high cost, this type of foundation is characterized by increased strength and is suitable for any type of soil. Moreover, the type of soil itself directly affects the price of construction. It will be more expensive on unstable, heaving soil. If the soil is stable, then a lightweight version is used - without serious deepening. This option for constructing the base of the building is the most universal.

Whatever option you choose, you must proceed from the fact that it is the foundation of the building that determines how durable and strong the entire structure will be. An incorrect choice and inability to calculate all the necessary data will most likely lead to a violation of its integrity and distortions.

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What determines the width of the foundation?

For convenience, you should focus on the last type of foundation - strip. For a strip foundation, it must be carried out, its depth, the height of its walls. They assume that it is the most universal and suitable for most types of soil and buildings. And before erecting the foundation of the building, it is necessary to calculate its main parameters, one of which is the width. It is directly related to the area of ​​the base of the base, to the thickness of the load-bearing wall.

To calculate the area of ​​the base of a strip foundation, it is necessary to proceed from the data obtained on the type of soil and its bearing capacity and determine indicators based on the magnitude of the load from the structure itself. The minimum width of the foundation will be calculated based on the total area. In order to determine the thickness of load-bearing walls, it is necessary to take into account that the thickness of the base of the building must be 100 mm greater than the thickness of the walls.

As for such a parameter as the amount of reinforcement that is used in a concrete monolith and on which the width of the foundation depends, it is worth taking into account that reinforcement has its positive effect only in combination with concrete. That is why it is necessary to lay the reinforcement in the form of longitudinal rods, and the distance between these rods must be at least 200 mm.

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How to calculate the width of the foundation

The third step is directly calculating the width of the base of the building. First you need to do it, taking the area of ​​the base of the building as a starting value. The calculation is carried out for a strip foundation. Let us assume that the minimum area of ​​the base (S) of the base of the building is 5 m 2. In this case, the parameters of the building for which the foundation will be poured are width (H) – 6 m, length (L) – 9 m. The width of the tape will be an unknown value, taken for calculations as X. This unknown value can be calculated using the formula: 2LX + 2X (6-2X)=S.

Substituting known quantities, we obtain the following quadratic equation: 18X+12X-4X 2 =5. The quadratic equation is solved through the discriminant, we obtain two values ​​of X: X1=7.3, X2=0.17. From the two values ​​obtained, you must choose the one that is suitable. This means that the minimum permissible width of the foundation strip will be 170 mm. This value is approximate and serves as a guide for subsequent calculations.

The second calculation must be carried out based on the fact that the thickness of the walls is initially known. Let's assume that the house design contains a condition in which the load-bearing walls are defined as 300 mm thick. If we compare it with the obtained approximate value of the foundation strip of 170 mm, the wall thickness is 40% greater. It was indicated above that when determining the thickness of load-bearing walls, it is necessary to take into account that the thickness of the base of the building should be 100 mm greater than the thickness of the walls. The calculated value is 100+300+400 mm. The margin of the resulting foundation width value is: 0.4:0.17×100-100=135%.

Fourth step: must be produced. The results obtained must be corrected or double-checked, determining the possibility of installing the required amount of reinforcement in the obtained dimensions. Based on practice and requirements, a reinforcement diameter of 12-16 mm should be used for strip foundations. It is necessary to calculate the percentage of the area in the cross-section of the tape that is allocated for reinforcement. But first you need to determine the cross-sectional area of ​​the tape itself.

A table should be used, as well as data in which the value of the reinforcement occupies no more than one thousandth of the cross-sectional area of ​​the tape. The height of the tape, the value of which depends on the initial data in the project, is taken as 80 cm. The cross-sectional area is found from the product 40 cm × 80 cm = 3200 cm 2. This means that one thousandth of this value will be 3.2 cm 2. Based on the table, we can conclude that this calculation is valid if the base of the building in the section of the tape uses 4 reinforcement rods, the diameter of each of which is no more than 12 mm.

Calculating the size of the foundation for a house is a painstaking job that requires attention, because the quality of the above-ground part of the house depends on its correctness. As a rule, there is a standard system, it was compiled by architects, it is quite simple and for houses of complex design it should not be used, as there may be some discrepancies. If you want to know how to do it right, read on….

The most basic task of every developer is to build a foundation that is durable and reliable, and to ensure that it meets the requirements, the appropriate geometry is selected. To make your calculations easier, look at ready-made foundations that fit your architectural plan perfectly. It is worth paying attention to the shape, quality and defects. They will show you what mistakes were made during construction.

Options

After a visual inspection, you can safely proceed to a full calculation, which includes the values ​​of bearing capacity and soil deformation in the area where the foundation will be built. To do this you will need knowledge of mathematics and physics.

The calculation of load-bearing capacity is not complicated, it is difficult to deform - it should be done with professionals.

Let's take, for example, a strip foundation. The following data will be required:

1. Soil quality.
2. Groundwater flow level.
3. Ground freezing mark.
4. Architectural design of a house.

Having objective data, you can begin a step-by-step calculation of the foundation.
The first stage is to determine the weight of the external structure of the house, which is located above the ground, including the additional load from furniture, decorative trim, etc., which will produce specific pressure on the bottom soil.
The second stage is geometry.
The third stage is adjustment.

How to determine the size of the foundation for an economy-class house?

For this type of house it is necessary to determine:

• the specific weight of the external structure located above the base of the foundation, while the weight of the soil itself should be taken into account;
• plinth, including decorative trim, floors and floor slabs;
• wall panels, excluding door and window openings;
• partitions with external and external finishing. A similar calculation is made directly with the walls;
• rafter system and ceiling, including finishing and roofing material;
• flights of stairs;
• insulating layer.

You will need whatman paper; on it you will need to sketch all the structural elements of the house. The sketch should be as similar as possible to the real design. At the end of the sketches, the volume of the structure is determined using the formula - LxHxW=V. If it is necessary to determine the volume of a complex structure, then it is necessary to divide the foundation into parts and calculate their volume using the proposed formula. The result is multiplied by the weight of the construction material. As a result, the weight of the structural element will be known; it also needs to be determined.
To find out the weight of the material, you need to multiply the resulting weight according to preliminary calculations by the load safety factor.

The reliability factor depends on the nature of the load.

At the end of the summation of the weight of all structural elements, the weight of the entire house should be obtained; in the sketch it is designated “Rk”. The weight of a house is indicated in tons or kilograms.

1. The determination of geometric parameters is carried out taking into account the depth of the foundation, the parameters of the house plan, material, soil classification, as well as the planned structure.
2. Based on the final calculations, a diagram and sketch are drawn up, where the width of the structure depends on the soil category. It is worth noting that the width of the soil, regardless of what kind of soil it is built on, should not be less than 350 mm or less than the width of the walls of the house.
3. The height of the house depends on the amount of immersion of the foundation into the ground.

To determine the snow load on the roof of a house, a standard formula is used - Correction factor X to Pc, resulting in an updated snow load Pc*.

Video

We invite you to watch a video about foundation laying errors: