Calculation of a continuous blowing separator. Continuous and periodic boiler blowing Continuous blowing separator operating principle

15.03.2020

Latvian surnames Beautiful Latvian male names

Classification and description of red apple varieties

What do lactic mushrooms look like and where do they grow?

Separator continuous blowing designed to separate the steam-water mixture formed from the purge environment of steam generators when its pressure is reduced from intra-boiler pressure to the pressure in the separator into steam and water and is installed in continuous purge schemes.

Technical characteristics of continuous blowing separators

Capacity, m³	Working pressure, MPa	Temperature, °C	Steam capacity, t/h	Steam-water mixture consumption, t/h
0,15	0,06	113	1	7
0,28	0,7	170	0,7	3,5
0,7	0,7	170	2,75	13,75
1,4	0,7	170	5,26	26,3

Inclusion of separators in a steam boiler house circuit

1 - Steam boiler; 2 — separator (expander) for periodic purging; 3 — separator (expander) of continuous blowing; 4 - water heat exchanger; 5 - tank; 6 — chemical water treatment filters; 7 — atmospheric deaerator; 8 — steam-water heat exchanger; 9 — condensate expander (separator); 10 — condensate tank; 11 — supply raw water

Design and principle of operation of a continuous blowing separator

The separator is a vertical cylindrical vessel welded structure and consists of a body with a lower elliptical bottom welded to it; The upper elliptical bottom is connected to the body using a flange connector.

In the middle part of the body, 2 or 4 supports are welded for installing the separator in a suspended state on support beams.

In the lower part of the body there is a receiving device, consisting of two concentrically installed shells and two tangentially welded pipes into the body, designed for receiving tangentially supplied purge water.

In the upper part of the body, a separating device is bolted to the ring, consisting of a set of specially bent blades and designed for separating small drops of water from steam.

A constant level of separated water is automatically maintained by a float level regulator built into the DN 150 fitting in the lower part of the housing.

For visual monitoring of the level of separated water, the separator is equipped water indicating device, consisting of a water indicator glass and valve-type taps.

To monitor the working pressure in the steam space of the separator (for separators DN 450; 600; 800), there is a pressure gauge indicating a measurement limit of up to 1.6 MPa (16 kgf/cm2) with a 3-way purge valve and a drain valve.

Lifting lugs are welded to the separator on the upper bottom for transportation in vertical and horizontal positions.

Cutting off steam pressure in the housing above the permissible level (7.5 kgf/cm2) is ensured by a full-lift flanged safety valve DN 50 Ru 16 kgf/cm2, equipped with a replaceable spring type I, operating at a pressure in the range of 7-13 kgf/cm2. Valve operation is adjusted to a pressure of 7.5 kgf/cm2. The upper part of the valve is closed by a cap, which contains an adjusting screw for setting the spring to the specified pressure.

After adjustment, the adjusting screw is locked with a nut, closed with a cap and sealed. Safety valve in the separator DN 300 ( operating pressure 0.06 MPa) is not provided.

The work of the separator is in receiving the steam-water mixture from the boiler, dividing it into steam and water due to expansion and rotational movement of the flow in the receiving device of the separator. A precipitation operation takes place in the receiving device. The steam is finally dried in a separating device.

Buy a continuous blowing separator
To purchase a separator, please contact the contacts listed at the top of the page.

Price: 52,000 rub.

Boiler separation device (boiler separation devices)

The purpose of steam boilers is to produce steam and its further use.
One of the devices that is used to separate a steam-water mixture into steam and water,
is .
If we think of it geometrically, then the mixture input can be represented tangentially.
Thus, steam separation occurs due to centripetal (centrifugal) forces.
Nozzle at the inlet separator flattened, which enhances the centrifugal effect of separating the steam-water mixture.

Steam boiler separator (expander)

Steam, saving rotational movement, is directed into the steam space and discharged through the nozzle. Water flows down the inner wall separator into the water volume.

The float level control automatically maintains separator water level, which is visually determined by the level indicator.

Continuous blowdown expander

The float can be locked in the upper position by turning the locking handle 30°

To buy continuous blowing separator DN 300, click “submit a request” or call.

Boiler drum separation device

The separator kit includes:

the separator itself;
float level regulator;
locking device with glass;
2 valves

Installation and installation of continuous blowing separator Du-300

Boiler blowdown expander

1. The separator is installed in vertical position onto pre-assembled support beams.

2. After installing the separator on the supports, instrumentation is installed, safety devices, float level regulator, piping is in progress.

3. The installation of the separator must provide the possibility of inspection, repair and cleaning of it both from the inside and from the outside, and must eliminate the danger of it tipping over. Hanging of the separator on the connecting pipelines is not allowed.

4. During installation, for ease of maintenance of the separator, platforms and stairs can be installed, which should not interfere with the strength, stability and possibility of free inspection and cleaning of the outer surface. Welding them to the apparatus must be carried out according to the design in accordance with the “Rules for the Design and safe operation vessels operating under pressure."

5. After installing and fastening the separator, piping it and equipping it with fittings, it is necessary to carry out a hydraulic (pneumatic) test.

6. After hydraulic test The separator and pipelines are washed, the functionality of the fittings, float level regulator, and safety valve is checked, after which the separator is put into operation.

Steam boiler separation devices

Operating procedure and startup of the continuous blowing separator Du-300
Schematic diagram separator operation

Purge separator (expander)

After making sure that the pipelines, fittings and instrumentation are in good condition, proceed to put the separator into operation, for which you must:

— smoothly open valves 1 (Fig. 29), fill the continuous blowdown separator with the mixture from the boiler blowdown valve;
— open valve 4 for drainage and valve 2 for the outlet of separated steam;
— close valve 4 and monitor the water level using the water indicator glass;
— when the normal water level is reached, smoothly open valve 3 of the separated water outlet, which is used to regulate the process of separation of the steam-water mixture and establish a constant water level in the lower part of the housing.
After starting the separator, when a pressure corresponding to the technical specifications, the separator is considered to be in normal operation.

Maintenance of continuous blowing separator Du-300

The separator must be under constant supervision of maintenance personnel.

To provide uninterrupted operation separator, it is necessary to carry out the following checks at least 3 times per shift:

- steam pressure;

— for the presence of a normal level of condensate in the housing on the water indicator glass ( normal operation condensate control systems in the housing).

It is necessary to periodically blow out the water indicator glasses.

Periodic inspection of the separator should be carried out both for preventive purposes and to identify the causes of problems that have arisen.

Inspection and cleaning of the separator body must be carried out at least once every 2-3 years when the separator is shut down for routine and major repairs.

Continuous purging separators must be subjected to technical examination after installation, before commissioning, periodically during operation and, if necessary, extraordinary inspection.

In case of long-term repairs, as well as insufficient density of the shut-off valves, the equipment being repaired should be switched off. The thickness of the plugs must correspond to the parameters of the working environment.

When loosening the bolts flange connections Care must be taken to ensure that steam and water inside the separator and pipelines do not cause burns to people.

The cyclone-type continuous blowdown separator is designed to separate the boiler blowdown water into steam and water formed from the blowdown water of steam boilers when its pressure is reduced from intra-boiler pressure to the pressure in the separator and for the purpose of subsequent use of the heat of water and steam. Separation occurs due to the action of centrifugal forces caused by the tangential input of water into the separator. After this, steam is supplied to the consumer high degree dryness.

Separators can be used in condensate systems to reduce the consumption of steam consumed and heat losses from the removed steam-condensate mixture.

In addition to the tangential supply of condensate (blow-down water), the separators are equipped with vertical louvered mist eliminators for drying the secondary boiling steam.

The separator is used in circuits with an atmospheric deaerator ( overpressure in the deaerator 0.02 MPa)

Name and symbol separator:
SNP -0.15-0.06 is a continuous blowing separator with a capacity of -0.15 m3 and a working pressure of 0.06 MPa.

Main parameters and technical characteristics

Name	SNP-0.15-0.6 (Du-300)	(Du-450)	SNP-0.7-0.7 (Du-600)	SNP-1.4-0.7 (Du-800)
Working pressure
Temperature
Test pressure
Steam capacity
Steam-water mixture consumption
Capacity

Design and principle of operation

The separator is a vertical cylindrical vessel (see Fig. 1) with flat or elliptical bottoms, a flattened inlet pipe or a circular pipe, steam and water outlet pipes and a float regulator that automatically maintains the water level. The swirling of the flow is carried out due to the organized supply of steam-water mixture to inner wall separator or by installing internal guide devices. Typically, the blowdown water consumption for the separator ranges from 1% to 5% of the boiler output.

Separation into steam and water occurs in the middle part of the separator. The steam, while maintaining rotational motion, is directed into the steam space and discharged through a pipe located on the upper bottom. Water flows down inner surface separator into the water volume and is discharged through a pipe located in the lower part of the housing. A fitting is provided on the lower bottom for draining water from the separator when it is turned off and for periodically cleaning the lower part of the water volume from sludge and contaminants.

Rice. 1. Continuous blowing separator
A – supply of purge water; B – removal of separated steam; B – drainage; G – removal of separated water.
1 – gate valve for separated water outlet; 2 – water level regulator; 3 – nozzle for the inlet of the purge steam-water mixture; 4 – supports; 5 – pipe for steam outlet; 6 – upper and lower bottom; 7 – separator body; 8 – water level indicator; 9 – valve for drainage.

On the cylindrical part of the body, two supports 4 are welded for installing the separator and a nozzle 3 for the tangential supply of the steam-water mixture of boiler purge water to the separator. In the upper bottom of the separator there is a pipe with a flange 5 for the outlet of separated steam, and in the lower bottom there is a fitting with a valve 9 for draining water from the separator when it is turned off and for the possibility of periodically removing sludge and contaminants from the lower part of the water volume.

In the lower cylindrical part of the housing there is a float regulator for the water level in the separator 2 and a level indicator 8. Using the level indicator, the water level is visually monitored. The float level regulator is designed for automatic maintenance constant water level in the separator.

The operation diagram of the float level regulator is shown in Fig. 2. The upper position of the float can be fixed by turning the lock handle at an angle of 30 degrees.

Fig.2. Scheme of operation of the float level regulator

The nozzle supplying purge water to the separator has a flattened cross-section at the outlet, which enhances the centrifugal effect by obtaining a pre-stratified flow of the steam-water mixture. The primary separation of the steam-water mixture begins outside the separator, in the supply pipeline low pressure(see Fig. 3), made of the same diameter as the nozzle. The separation of the steam-water mixture into steam and water, which began in the supply pipeline, ends in the separator.

Rice. 3. Connection diagram of the separator to the continuous blowdown of boilers.
1 – input of continuous boiler blowdown; 2 – pipelines high pressure; 3 – boiler blowing control unit; 4 – limit washers; 5 – shut-off valve; 6 – low pressure supply pipeline; 7 – supply pipe (nozzle); 8 – steam output; 9 – drainage; 10 – output of separated water.

The steam is directed into the steam space, and the separated water flows down the inner wall of the separator into the water volume.

Installation procedure

The separator is installed in accordance with technical documentation, developed by specialized design organizations and the requirements of the installation instructions.

The connection of the continuous blowing separator to the steam boiler room circuit should be performed in accordance with the diagram shown in Fig. 4.

Rice. 4. Connection diagram of the separator to the steam boiler house circuit.
1 – steam boiler; 2 – continuous blowing separator; 3 – water-water heat exchanger; 4 – chemical water treatment filter; 5 – raw water supply; 6 – tank; 7 – deaerator.

To prevent a possible increase in pressure in the separator, it is necessary to install a water seal on the outlet pipeline near the separator to the shut-off valve. On the steam outlet line from the separator to the deaerator shut-off valves do not install.

The separator is installed in a vertical position on pre-assembled support beams. Next, instrumentation, safety devices, a float level regulator are installed, and piping is done.

The installation of the separator must make it possible to inspect, repair and clean it both from the inside and outside, and must eliminate the danger of it tipping over. Hanging of the separator on the connecting pipelines is not allowed.

During installation, for ease of maintenance of the separator, platforms and stairs can be installed, which should not interfere with the strength, stability and possibility of free inspection and cleaning of the outer surface.

After installing and fastening the separator, piping it and equipping it with fittings, it is necessary to perform a hydraulic (pneumatic) test. After the hydraulic test, the separator and pipelines are washed, the functionality of the fittings, float level regulator, and safety valve is checked, after which the separator is put into operation.

Maintenance and Operation

The condition for normal and reliable operation of the separator is to ensure continuous removal of steam and water from the separator and maintain the pressure in the separator within the established limits. This is achieved if the float level regulator and water seal are in good condition.

The separator must be under constant supervision of maintenance personnel. The proper condition of the level regulator should be properly monitored:

once a shift, check the mobility of the float and associated parts by turning the drain valve lock handle;
Monitor steam pressure at least 3 times per shift;
At least 3 times per shift, monitor the presence of a normal level of condensate in the housing using the water indicator glass.
Purge the level indicator at least once per shift, depending on the quality of the purge water.

Reliable operation of the water seal must be ensured by the design and compliance with the requirements of the instructions for its maintenance.

At complete shutdown separator from the purge lines, in order to prevent possible connection of the deaerator with the atmosphere through the separator in this case, the level control valve and the gate valve at the water outlet from the separator should be completely closed.

Periodic inspection of the separator should be carried out both for preventive purposes and to identify the causes of problems that have arisen.

Inspection and cleaning of the separator body must be carried out at least once every 2-3 years when the separator is shut down for routine and major repairs.

Continuous blowing separators must undergo technical inspection after installation, before putting into operation, periodically during operation and, if necessary, extraordinary inspection.

When loosening bolts on flange connections, care must be taken to ensure that steam and water inside the separator and piping do not cause burns to people.

Polar Division of OJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel

PA "Norilskenergo"

I N S T R U C T I O N

for maintenance of separators for continuous blowing of boilers TGME - 464.

PI –188-50-05-03

Norilsk - 2003

Polar Division of OJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel

PA "Norilskenergo"

I CONFIRM:

Chief engineer of CHPP-3

V.M.Lomenko

"___"_____________2003

I N S T R U C T I O N

for maintenance of separators for continuous blowing of boilers TGME-464.

PI –188-50-05-03

1. A common part.

This instruction is drawn up on the basis of the factory instructions for servicing continuous blowing separators (1RNP, 2RNP) and is mandatory for execution by NSS, NS KTC, Art. boiler equipment operator, line operator.

2. Purpose of continuous blowing separators (expanders).

Continuous blowing separators are designed to separate the steam-water mixture coming from boilers during its continuous blowing, removing from the boiler non-stick sludge suspended in the boiler water.

3. Device and technical characteristics.

There are two continuous blowing separators of different types installed in the boiler room.

1RNP is supplied with water for continuous blowdown of boilers No. 1, 2.

Water for continuous blowdown of boilers No. 3 and 2 is supplied to 2RNP.

3.1. Continuous blowing separator (1RNP) type TK - 3 single-casing, vertical type. Consists of a cylindrical body, two elliptical bottoms, supports, fittings:

Supply of steam-water mixture;

Steam exhaust;

Water drainage;

Safety valve connections;

VUK affiliations;

Level regulator.

Float type level regulator. There is a hole on the body with a diameter of DN 450 mm. The supply of steam-water mixture from boilers No. 1, 2 is made from two opposite sides tangentially to the circumference of the shell into the annular valve. Separation of the steam-water mixture is carried out due to the action of centrifugal forces.

The separator has one safety valve type SPPK – 4 - 16 - 150. The valve is adjusted to an operating pressure of 1.15 Рр.

Separator characteristics:

Case diameter – 1500 mm;

Volume – 5.5 m3;

Temperature – 170 °C;

Medium – saturated steam water;

Steel grade – VST 3 PS 5.

3.2. Continuous blowing separator (2RNP) TKZ type SP – 1.5 u, centrifugal. Determination of steam from the incoming flow of steam-water mixture occurs on special blades with a small radius of curvature. The device is single-case, vertical type. Consists of a cylindrical body, two elliptical bottoms, supports, fittings:

Supply of steam-water mixture;

Steam exhaust;

Water drainage;

Safety valve connections;

Level indicator connections.

Inside the apparatus there are: a blade device, a grate, a cone that prevents the steam-water mixture from affecting the water level, and an anti-twist device in the lower bottom. The separator is equipped with two safety valves of the SPPK – 4 – 16 – 150 type, one on the body, the other on the steam exhaust pipeline. Level regulator - float type.

Separator characteristics:

Case diameter – 800 mm;

Working pressure – 8 kgf/cm2;

Volume – 1.5 m3;

Temperature – 170 °C;

Medium – saturated steam water;

Pressure at G.I. – 11 kgf/cm2;

Water productivity – 28.4 t/h;

Steam output – 12.5 t/h.

4. Connection diagram 1 RNP.

Boiler water from two external cyclones of the boiler through a pipeline DN 28x3 enters the continuous blowdown separator or into the periodic blowdown expander when the RNP is not operating. The following are installed in series on the pipeline: two shut-off valves DN – 20, a flow meter washer, a pressure regulator DN – 20, shut-off valve DN – 20 on the line to the separator, shut-off valve DN – 20 on the line to the periodic blowdown expander. After the separator, the steam is discharged into the general station collector 6 atm.

The following are installed on the steam pipeline:

check valve, gate valve DN - 150. Up to check valve an air vent line was made to the funnel up to the valve - an inspection line to the exhaust pipeline of the safety valve. Water after the separator enters the periodic blowdown expander and then into the bubbler.

The water level in the separator is maintained by a level regulator and controlled by the VUK. When the level regulator is turned on, the DNP valves – 2, 3 and valves must be open float chamber by water and steam. Valve DNP – 1 must be closed.

5. The procedure for including 1RNP in work.

Before putting the separator into operation, it is necessary to check the condition:

Thermal insulation;

Fittings and fasteners for flange connections;

Control and measuring instruments;

Water indicator and its lighting;

Platforms and stairs.

Gate valve to the DNP level regulator – 2;

Gate valve after the DNP level regulator – 3;

A valve in addition to the DNP level regulator – 1;

Float chamber valve for steam and water;

Air vent valve;

Valve for pressure gauge;

The valve on the steam line to the manifold is 6 ati (1PNP).

The separator must be turned on while warming up in the following sequence:

Slowly open valve DN – 20 to pressure regulator NP – 1, 2;

Blow up the valve DN - 20 (NP - 3) and the pressure regulator, feed the steam-water mixture into the separator without allowing hydraulic shocks.

Warm up the separator for 20 - 30 minutes, controlling the pressure and steam output from the air vent;

At a pressure of 1 ati, blow out the water and steam valves of the VUK and turn on the VUK in operation;

Close the valve DNP – 1 in addition to the level regulator;

Gradually fully open valve NP – 3;

When the level increases, check the operation of the regulator;

Continuous blowing of drum boilers is carried out to reduce the salt content of boiler water and obtain steam of proper purity. The amount of blowdown (as a percentage of the boiler unit productivity) depends on the salt content of the feed water, the type of boiler unit, etc.

The separator is a vertical cylindrical vessel (see Figure 7) with flat or elliptical bottoms, a flattened inlet pipe or a circular pipe, steam and water outlet pipes and a float regulator that automatically maintains the water level. The flow is swirled through an organized supply of water to the inner wall of the separator or through the installation of internal guide devices. Typically, the blowdown water consumption for the separator ranges from 1% to 5% of the boiler output. Separation into fractions occurs due to the pressure drop in the boiler water flow when it enters a smaller volume.

Separation into steam and water occurs in the middle part of the separator. The steam, while maintaining rotational motion, is directed into the steam space and discharged through a pipe located on the upper bottom. Water flows down the inner surface of the separator into the water volume and is discharged through a pipe located in the lower part of the housing. A fitting is provided on the lower bottom for draining water from the separator when it is turned off and for periodically cleaning the lower part of the water volume from sludge and contaminants.

Figure 7 - Continuous blowing separator

A – supply of purge water; B – removal of separated steam; B – drainage; D – removal of separated water.

1 – gate valve for separated water outlet; 2 – water level regulator; 3 – nozzle for the inlet of the purge steam-water mixture; 4 – supports; 5 – pipe for steam outlet; 6 – upper and lower bottom; 7 – separator body; 8 – water level indicator; 9 – valve for drainage.

To reduce heat and condensate losses with purge water, separators - expanders are used. The pressure in the continuous blowing expander is assumed to be equal to , and steam from the continuous blowing expander is usually directed to deaerators.

The heat of the blowdown water (from the continuous blowdown separator) is economically feasible to use when the amount of blowdown water is more than 0.27 kg/s. This water is usually passed through a raw water heat exchanger. Water from the separator is supplied to a cooler or bubbler, where it is cooled to 40 - 50ºС, and then discharged into the sewer.