Sentence punctuation scheme. What is punctuation analysis and how to do it, believe me, it’s very urgent
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What's happened punctuation analysis and how to do it, believe me, very urgently!?
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- Perform punctuation analysis - this means explaining the punctogram (graphically + analysis).
An example of parsing a sentence according to the model adopted in school practice:
1. Write a sentence, underline the paragraph.
2. Briefly formulate the punctuation rule for this case(to do this you should run graphic works, characteristic of a punctogram: emphasize grammatical basics, highlight a number of homogeneous members of a sentence, etc.)
3. Draw an outline of the sentence, including graphic designation the need for a punctuation mark (or absence).By nature shy and timid, she (subject) was annoyed (predicate) with her shyness.
Scheme: / isolated definition /, subject predicate.
Characteristics: simple, complicated separate definition, referring to the personal pronoun. - Thank you
- Perform punctuation analysis - this means explaining the punctogram (graphically + analysis).
An example of parsing a sentence according to the model adopted in school practice:
1. Write a sentence, underline the paragraph.
2. Briefly formulate the punctuation rule for this case (for this you should perform graphic work characteristic of a punctogram: emphasize grammatical basics, highlight a number of homogeneous parts of the sentence, etc.)
3. Draw an outline of the sentence, including a non-graphic indication of the need for punctuation (or absence).By nature shy and timid, she (subject) was annoyed (predicate) with her shyness.
Scheme: / isolated definition /, subject predicate.
Characteristics: simple, complicated by a separate definition related to the personal pronoun. -
Explanation of punctuation marks
10 a comma separates a separate definition, expressed by a participial phrase and standing after the word being defined
- Punctuation analysis of a sentence
Sentence punctuation scheme
1. Name and explain the punctogram at the end of a sentence (period, question mark, exclamation mark, ellipsis, combination of characters).2. Name and explain punctograms at the level of a complex sentence (punctuation marks between simple sentences within a complex sentence).
3. Name and explain punctograms at the level of a simple sentence.
Sample punctuation analysis of a sentenceHaving asked (which one is more quiet), Pierre climbed onto the horse, grabbed the mane, 4 pressed the heels of his inverted legs to the horse’s belly and, 5 feeling (that his glasses were falling off) and (that he was unable to take his hands off the mane and reins), galloped after the general, 9 exciting the smiles of the staff ^ who were looking at him from the mound. (L. Tolstoy)
Explanation of punctuation marks
1. Period at the end of the sentence; a period is placed at the end of the sentence, since it is a declarative, non-exclamatory sentence that contains a complete message.
2. Punctuation marks between parts of a complex sentence; This is a complex sentence with three subordinate clauses:
1 and 2 commas highlight the subordinate clause within the main one;
6 and 8 commas highlight subordinate clauses within the main clause;
7, a comma is not placed, because homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a single connecting conjunction and;
3. Punctuation marks between similar parts of a sentence; separation of circumstances and definitions:
3 and 4 commas separate homogeneous predicates connected without a union;
5 a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by a single gerund;
9, a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by an adverbial phrase;
- Punctuation analysis - explanation of the conditions for placing punctuation marks.
(grammatical, semantic...) - I don't know
- Perform punctuation analysis - this means explaining the punctogram (graphically + analysis).
An example of parsing a sentence according to the model adopted in school practice:
1. Write a sentence, underline the paragraph.
2. Briefly formulate the punctuation rule for this case (for this you should perform graphic work characteristic of a punctogram: emphasize grammatical basics, highlight a number of homogeneous parts of the sentence, etc.)
3. Draw an outline of the sentence, including a non-graphic indication of the need for punctuation (or absence).By nature shy and timid, she (subject) was annoyed (predicate) with her shyness.
Scheme: / isolated definition /, subject predicate.
Characteristics: simple, complicated by a separate definition related to the personal pronoun. - Sample punctuation analysis of a sentence
Having asked (which one is more quiet), Pierre climbed onto the horse, grabbed the mane, 4 pressed the heels of his inverted legs to the horse’s belly and, 5 feeling (that his glasses were falling off) and (that he was unable to take his hands off the mane and reins), galloped after the general, 9 exciting the smiles of the staff ^ who were looking at him from the mound. (L. Tolstoy)
Explanation of punctuation marks
1. Period at the end of the sentence; a period is placed at the end of the sentence, since it is a declarative, non-exclamatory sentence that contains a complete message.
2. Punctuation marks between parts of a complex sentence; This is a complex sentence with three subordinate clauses:
1 and 2 commas highlight the subordinate clause within the main one;
6 and 8 commas highlight subordinate clauses within the main clause;
7, a comma is not placed, because homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a single connecting conjunction and;
3. Punctuation marks between similar parts of a sentence; separation of circumstances and definitions:
3 and 4 commas separate homogeneous predicates connected without a union;
5 a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by a single gerund;
9, a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by an adverbial phrase;
10, a comma separates a separate definition, expressed by a participial phrase and standing after the word being defined.
- I didn't understand a bit
- Instructions
1
Start analyzing the sentence by explaining why a particular punctuation mark (period, exclamation point, question mark, ellipsis, etc.) was chosen at the end of the sentence. To do this, it is necessary to determine the purpose of the statement in the sentence and its emotional connotation.
2
If a sentence contains a complete message, then it is declarative. If something is asked, then the sentence is interrogative, and if there is an incentive to action, a request or order, then it is motivating. Exclamatory intonations require an exclamation mark. When speech is interrupted by a pause or there is an understatement in it, then an ellipsis is added.
3
Next, determine whether the sentence structure is simple or complex. If the sentence is complex, find out how many parts it consists of and what is the connection between them - coordinating, subordinating, conjunction or non-conjunctive. This way you can explain the reason for choosing the characters that separate all these parts.
4
Analyze the functions of punctuation marks in a simple sentence or marks in each part of a complex sentence in turn. Find and explain the highlighting and separating signs in a sentence or its parts.
5
Emphasizing or emphasizing marks (comma, dash, colon, double signs - brackets, quotation marks) are used to highlight components that complicate a simple sentence. These are introductory words, phrases and sentences, addresses, homogeneous members proposals, separate definitions or applications, circumstances and additions, clarifying and explanatory members of the proposal.
6
Separating, or separators used to separate homogeneous members of a sentence in a simple construction or to separate simple sentences in complex (comma, semicolon, dash, colon).
7
If the sentence contains direct speech, find and highlight the words of the author and, in fact, the direct speech itself, which can be in any position before the author’s words, after them, or interrupted by them. Remember that if direct speech occurs before or after the author's words, four punctuation marks are placed (to display the construction of direct speech). If direct speech is interrupted by the words of the author, the law of seven is observed, that is, seven punctuation marks in the display of direct speech.
8
To facilitate punctuation analysis of a sentence, complete its punctogram graphically. If your sentence contains several paragraphs, explain each of them separately.
9
Emphasize the grammatical basics, highlight homogeneous parts of the sentence. Draw an outline of the sentence, making a graphic designation of places where punctuation marks are necessary. - Perform punctuation analysis - this means explaining the punctogram (graphically + analysis).
An example of parsing a sentence according to the model adopted in school practice:
1. Write a sentence, underline the paragraph.
2. Briefly formulate the punctuation rule for this case (for this you should perform graphic work characteristic of a punctogram: emphasize grammatical basics, highlight a number of homogeneous parts of the sentence, etc.)
3. Draw an outline of the sentence, including a non-graphic indication of the need for punctuation (or absence).By nature shy and timid, she (subject) was annoyed (predicate) with her shyness.
Scheme: / isolated definition /, subject predicate.
Characteristics: simple, complicated by a separate definition related to the personal pronoun. - parse the proposal
- pygakpgFCPA
- It is necessary to explain why this or that punctuation mark is in this place
For example: I drink. We need to explain why there is a dot there. - It will be easier and clearer to simply underline all commas and periods (exclamation mark! or question mark?).
And that's it.
Modern schoolchildren, according to educational program, study several types of analysis: phonetic, lexical, morphological, morphemic, syntactic and punctuation analysis of sentences. Each of them has its own distinctive features and difficult to understand moments.
Definition
Many students and their parents wonder what punctuation analysis of a sentence means. It is designed to find and clarify punctuation marks in a sentence. The ability to perform punctuation analysis of a sentence can increase the student’s overall literacy level. Analysis of simple (PP) and complex (SP) sentences has its own distinctive features.
Parsing a simple sentence
- Read the text provided for analysis.
- Assign a number to all punctuation marks present in the text.
- Indicate the punctogram that completes the sentence and explain the reason for its placement.
- Identify and explain all the signs found in the sentence.
It is according to this plan that punctuation analysis of the sentence is carried out. A sample parsing is presented below.
Analysis examples
Let’s take the punctuation analysis of a sentence as an example:
1. I can trust this secret to a person who knows how to keep his mouth shut.
2.Haven't you seen people running down the street holding flags, posters, Balloons?
Step one. The sentence is interrogative in terms of the purpose of the statement and intonation. That's why it ends with a question mark.
Step two. By assigning a number to punctuation marks, we determine their number in a sentence:
Haven't you seen people running down the street (1), holding flags (2), posters (3), balloons (4)?
Step three. The offer has one grammatical basis you did not see.
Comma number one highlights the participial phrase. Commas numbered two and three separate homogeneous members of the sentence flags, posters, balloons, expressed by additions.
Analysis of a complex sentence
Punctuation analysis of a sentence of this kind is somewhat more complicated.
1. Read the sentence.
2. Assign a serial number to all punctuation marks in the sentence.
3. Indicate the paragraph ending the sentence and explain its placement.
4. Indicate punctuation marks at the SP level and explain the reason for their use.
5. Explain the placement of punctuation marks in parts of the joint venture.
Analysis examples
As an example, we suggest conducting a punctuation analysis of the sentence:
1.We will probably not see Sergei again, since the insult inflicted on him is unlikely to be easily forgotten.
Step one. There is a period at the end of the sentence, because the purpose of the statement is narrative, and the intonation is non-exclamatory.
Step two. The numbering showed the presence of five punctuation marks in the sentence:
Probably (1), we will not see Sergei again (2), since the insult (3) inflicted on him (4) is unlikely to be easily forgotten (5).
Step three. This proposal is complex. Parts of a complex sentence are connected subordinating conjunction because the. A comma stands at the border between the main and subordinate clauses.
Step four. In the main sentence, a comma is used to highlight introductory word probably. In the subordinate clause, commas separate the participial phrase inflicted on him.
2. I am sure that you will carry out this assignment because you value my location and want to advance in your career.
Step one. The sentence ends with a period because it is declarative, non-exclamatory.
Step two. There are four punctuation marks in the sentence:
I am sure (1) that you will carry out this assignment (2) because you value my location (3) and want to advance in your career (4).
Step three. This sentence consists of one main clause and two subordinate clauses, which are separated from each other by commas numbered one and two.
Step four. In the main part and first subordinate clause There are no punctuation marks. In the second subordinate clause, a comma at number three separates homogeneous predicates you appreciate And you want to advance.
If the student knows what punctuation analysis of a sentence means, he will not make gross mistakes in the placement of punctuation marks. By doing so, he will significantly improve his performance and increase his chances of getting a decent grade in his final exams. This is important, because how well a student passes them determines his future admission to a university. And even such a small thing as the wrong punctuation mark can deprive him of much-needed points.
Knowledge of the rules of punctuation greatly contributes to the ordering of spelling and the elimination of illiteracy. Punctuation - a science whose priority is the correct statement (the term came to the Russian language from Latin and literally means “point”) - is closely related to syntax (the concept comes from the Greek word “military system”) - a section of grammar that aims to study speech structure, parts and components, its components. In the complex it is
These disciplines are studied and punctuation analysis is performed.
Following the linguist A. A. Shakhmatov, modern syntactic scientists recognize the central
The syntactic unit is a sentence, which is a minimal model in speech communication. It has the form of an intonation-closed syntactic structure that expresses a real situation or a process of thinking and imagination. Both simple and consistent with this definition.
The main object of attention in the syntax of a sentence is its positional components (this includes phrases, word forms at the level of interpositional and intrapositional syntactic connections, the formal indicators of which include the presence of conjunctions, inflections, and prepositions). The basic principle of the linguistic structure is not to unnecessarily complicate the use of punctuation marks (which at the same time facilitates punctuation analysis), but at the same time, the need to maintain the flexibility of the syntactic system is taken into account in order to express the semantic nuances and features of the text as fully as possible. This inevitably leads to variation in production. And if we also take into account the possibility of individual authorial placement, then punctuation analysis becomes noticeably more complicated.
To accurately place one or another punctuation mark, you must follow certain rules. And for this, in turn, you need to be able to distinguish (know the features of the use of each of them and basic information on them), find the predicative center, have an idea of the secondary members of the sentence, feel intonation pauses, understand the difference in the expression of the author’s emotions and highlight them accordingly way in writing. This includes the concept of “punctuation analysis”, and also explains the close intertwining and interconnection of syntax, punctuation, and morphology.
Which can be used in the text: period (expresses completeness of thought), interrogative (contains a question), exclamation (way of conveying
special emotions, feelings) signs, ellipsis (in case of understatement, incompleteness), comma (placed with the purpose of dividing, highlighting, separating homogeneous members, introductory constructions, direct speech, addresses, isolated constructions, parts of a complex sentence), semicolon (characteristic mostly for non-union complex sentences), dash (used in both simple and complex sentences, in dialogues, direct speech), colon (similar to a dash), quotation marks (characteristic of direct speech), brackets (to convey additional information).
That is, summarizing the above, we can imagine an algorithm by which punctuation parsing of a sentence is performed:
- Identify the purpose of the statement, according to intonation features.
- Determine whether it is simple or complex.
- Find predicative structures and minor members.
- If it’s simple, characterize it from this point of view (two-part / one-part, complete / incomplete, widespread / not widespread, complicated or not).
For a complex one - identify the type of connection (subordination / composition / non-union / with various types) and the means of its transmission (intonation, conjunction, conjunction or correlative words).
- Explain the appropriateness of all punctuation marks (periods, commas, dashes, colons, etc.), both at the end of the sentence and within its parts.
- Make a diagram.
By doing this, you can analyze any proposal.