Gaskets for fittings of metal-plastic pipes. Do-it-yourself installation of metal-plastic pipes: connection technology and wiring examples. Non-standard connections: with metal pipes, transition to a different diameter

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Metal-plastic pipes

Characteristics of metal-plastic pipes

The scope of application of metal-plastic pipes today is very wide; they are installed for water supply systems, sewerage and heating systems, and when installing heated floors. Metal-plastic compares favorably with traditional cast iron and steel analogs; it is not subject to corrosion, rotting, and the service life of metal-plastic is approximately three to five times longer than the service life of metal water pipelines.

Fastening metal-plastic pipes

Metal-plastic pipes have the following characteristics:

• working pressure - ten atmospheres;
• service life - fifty years;
• bending radius is five diameters.

And these are just the main indicators. Let us give an example of a few more advantages of these pipes.

Benefits of use

Fastening metal-plastic pipes has numerous advantages, among which it is necessary to note the following:

• 100% gas and water tightness of pipes (they can be used for installation of a wide variety of systems);
• slight thermal expansion during operation;
• ability to withstand significant loads;
• complete absence of structural changes during use: pipes when transporting water guarantee its physiological suitability for drinking, that is, the quality does not deteriorate; rust particles, foreign substances and compounds, and debris do not enter the fluid flow;
• very simple installation of pipes, all connections are joined hermetically. There are two types of such fastenings: screwing and pressing;
• excellent sound protection.

Types of connections

Pipe fastening can be done in several ways: using push-in press fittings, compression parts. Let us consider in more detail each option for such a connection.

Use of compression parts

With this connection option, special ones made of brass are used. All work is carried out using a regular wrench. The connecting part itself consists of a split ring, a union nut, and a fitting. These fittings must be disassembled and reassembled. even a non-specialist can use compression fittings; the process of such fastening is extremely simple.

First, prepare the pipe the right size. In this case, a ten-centimeter section from the end of the cut must be leveled.

The cut is made with precision scissors at right angles to the axis according to the markings. Now we put on the nut, the fitting ring, and process the end of the pipe using a reamer. We remove the internal chamfer by one millimeter with the calibration side, and with the other side we process the external chamfer.

We push the pipe onto the prepared fitting until it stops, screw the union nut onto the fitting, and tighten it with a wrench. We should have about one to one and a half rings of thread left visible. After this, the pipes can be attached to the wall.

Application of press fittings

This method of fastening is used when installing hidden communications and underfloor heating systems. This option is considered more reliable; to work, you need to prepare press tongs. First, we process the metal-plastic pipes, removing the outer and inner chamfers, and check the fitting for the presence of O-rings and a special dielectric gasket.

Fastening metal-plastic pipes to the wall

Now we put on the crimp coupling, install it on the fitting, and insert it into the pipe. You must look carefully to ensure that the collar from the sleeve fits exactly into the special recess of the press nozzle. The coupling is crimped using press pliers using a selected liner for the pipe diameter. There are fittings with a coupling already attached, which greatly simplifies the work; the part is simply seated on the pipe, and you're done. The connected elements can be attached to the wall or floor surface, depending on the purpose.

Slip-on fittings

When connected sliding press fittings Not only press pliers are used, but also an expander, which allows you to expand the diameter of the pipe for better fastening. Such connections are permanent, they are excellent when pouring pipes into concrete or when they have to be attached to a wall under plaster or VGL (this is often used for frame houses).

Hybrid connection

Sometimes you have to connect new metal-plastic pipes to old metal water pipes. Then many people wonder how possible this is and how to do the installation correctly.

For this we will need a caliber, compression fitting, the thread is selected to match the size of the existing metal pipe. Additionally, you will need washers and cuffs for new metal-plastic pipes. First, you need to wrap tow around the metal end, and then screw the fitting onto it. A washer and nut are put on the metal-plastic one.

Now the edge is calibrated and pushed onto a cone, which is screwed to a metal pipe. Carefully tighten the nut using an open-end wrench; the washer should tightly press the metal-plastic end of the pipe. Now you can safely attach the resulting structure to the wall.

Types of fittings for connection

As we have already said, several types of fittings are used today for fastening pipes, each of which has its own characteristics. Let's consider their properties, areas of application, pros and cons in more detail.

Press fittings are single-use fasteners, meaning they can only be attached once. But on the plus side, it should be noted that press fittings can be used for any connection; the fastening is very reliable and durable.

Of the minuses, we note that for fastening you need a special tool (press pliers) and certain skills in handling such pipes and tools. Incorrect connection often causes emergency situations. But a well-made connection allows you to hide the structure in the walls. As a result, the walls look aesthetically pleasing, without any external communications.

Mechanical or are the easiest to install. You can attach them using regular wrench, no special knowledge is required here. These fittings are dismountable, that is, if necessary, you can easily replace a section of pipe by simply disassembling the connection and using the fitting again. But such changes in temperature require constant monitoring and tightening, that is, it is impossible to hide such plumbing (heating) systems in the walls, since subsequent control will be impossible.

In this article, we examined the main methods of fastening metal-plastic pipes. Now you just have to choose suitable way, and you can get to work.

Assembly and installation of metal-polymer water pipes is carried out without welding work and with a small range of available and inexpensive tools available.

It is these factors, as well as the good technical characteristics of the material, that allow you to carry out the process of assembling and connecting the water supply system with your own hands.

This is the case when saving brings double dividends: saving finances and experience that will never be superfluous.

Advantages of metal-plastic products:

• long period of use;
• increased throughput in comparison with a metal water pipe of the same diameter;
• does not require special devices to create the desired bending angle;
• quick and simple installation of the structure;
• low thermal conductivity coefficient;
• good sound insulation;
• do not rust;
• resistant to the formation of internal deposits;
• the system is assembled with a minimum of waste;
• compatibility with other materials;
• antistatic;
• high resistance to freezing;
• the quality of the transported liquid does not change;
• Right installed water supply(with access to the main components) is easy to repair.

Flaws:

• with multiple bends of one point, damage to the internal metal layer is possible;
• during sudden changes temperature regime Leaks may form at the joints, requiring tightening or complete replacement fittings;
• straight Sun rays are detrimental to polymer-coated products.

Metal-plastic pipes are produced with diameters from 16 mm to 63 mm. When constructing housing, materials are used whose diameter does not exceed 40 mm.

The optimal and cost-effective options are diameters 16 and 20 mm, but they can only be used if there is constant good pressure in your water supply system.

The small diameter of the product will cause turbulence in the water flow, and the throughput will decrease several times. Take this fact into account when choosing material.

Technical indicators

• product diameter 16-63 mm;
• outer thickness polymer coating 2 – 3 mm;
• aluminum layer thickness 0.19 – 0.3 mm;
• the weight of a pipe with a diameter of 16 mm is 105 g, and with the largest diameter - 1224 g (the weight of a linear meter is indicated);
• +95°C – optimal operating temperature;
• withstand short-term loads up to +110°C;
• freeze at low temperatures;
• the minimum bending radius is 80 – 125 mm using the manual method.

Tools needed to install a plumbing system

• • • Spanners: adjustable and carob. Used for tightening nuts in compression fittings.

• • • Scissors for cutting pipes. Without their use, cutting the material into the required pieces with smooth edges becomes much more difficult.

• • • Sanding paper necessary for cleaning cuts from small roughness.

• • • With its help, the cut is restored to its original roundness, lost during the cutting process.

• • • Press jaws necessary for manual crimping of press fittings.

• • • used to heat pipes before bending.

Installation technology. Installation instructions

Compression fitting

• The fitting is unscrewed: remove the mounting nuts from the ends, and remove the mounting nuts from the fittings O-rings.
• The pipe must be straightened and cut using scissors. It is not recommended to use other cutting tools: the cut is uneven and the integrity of the protective layer of the material may be damaged.
• The sections must be carefully cleaned and calibrated. Poorly machined ends can damage the O-rings and compromise the tightness of the connection.
• A union nut with a sealing ring is put on the prepared section. The fitting fitting is connected to the pipe and secured with a nut: first manually and then using a wrench.

Control the compression! When you hear the characteristic crackling of metal, stop the process. It is important to maintain a balance: a poorly tightened fitting will not be able to ensure the tightness of the system, and an overtightened one can be immediately thrown away.

To learn more about how installation is carried out using threaded (collet) fittings, watch the video:

Press fitting

• As in the first case, the pipe is pre-prepared: cut, cleaned and calibrated. Pay attention to the end: its cut should be perpendicular central axis water pipeline

• Having removed the sleeve, we check the rings and gaskets, and then assemble the fitting. This is done in order to exclude the possibility of installation with defective elements.

• A piece of pipe is inserted onto the fitting of the press fitting. The seating depth is controlled visually (through a special hole on the sleeve).

• From the opposite end of the fitting, the nozzle process is carried out in the same way.

• Using press jaws We press the connecting sleeve inside the fitting.

The installation process will be faster and more successful if you buy fittings and pipes from the same manufacturer.

Push fitting

• Not required for connection additional tools and devices.
• You need to check whether the block is tightened all the way.
• A section of pipe prepared in advance is simply inserted into the fitting hole.

For reuse push fitting, it is necessary to disassemble the structure. To do this, you need to unscrew the holding block and remove the pipe. The disc spring must be replaced with a new one - now the fitting is ready for use again.

Fastening the assembled sections to the walls is carried out using special clips or brackets, which must be selected taking into account the diameter of the product.

How to bend metal-plastic pipes

You can bend a metal-polymer pipe manually. There are small subtleties in this matter that are worth knowing: the bending process must be carried out gradually (in several stages) and with the help of construction hair dryer.

It is necessary to heat the pipe with a hairdryer. Wrap your hands around it so that your thumbs are along the pipe and serve as a kind of support. Slowly and gradually we begin the process of bending in several approaches, if necessary, heating the product with a hairdryer.

Do not make sudden movements! It is important to maintain the integrity of the inner layer and not deform the outer one. When folding, do not forget about the permissible bend radius, which is indicated in the section “ Specifications" Use small trimmings to practice your skills.

You can watch the video on how to properly bend metal-plastic pipes:

Prices for materials and services

Average laying services metal-plastic water pipe will cost you at least 3000 rubles(excluding cost of materials). The price will vary depending on the complexity and volume of work.

One linear meter metal-polymer pipe (16 mm) costs an average of 75 rubles, with a diameter of 26 mm - 185 rubles. The price range of fittings is from 109 to 300 rubles.

The installation methods described above will be performed by a man who has minimal skills. Balance your strengths and capabilities. And know that the final result depends only on your desire and effort!

If you plan to install metal-plastic pipes yourself, you need to know exactly what you are doing, since the material is expensive. Let's look at the features plastic pipelines, installation technology, possible ways bending, cutting and laying, types of fastenings.

Metal-plastic structures are plastic, but you need to work with them carefully

Characteristics of metal-plastic pipes

Metal-plastic products consist of 5 structural layers:

1. The inner surface is made of molecularly compacted polyethylene or cross-linked polyethylene layers.
2. An adhesive layer that bonds polyethylene to an aluminum layer.
3. Aluminum layer.
4. The second layer of glue holding the aluminum element together outer covering.
5. External plastic covering.

In construction, metal-plastic products are popular due to their strength. Polymer layer protects the pipeline from corrosive destruction. Aluminum in the composition is the key to plasticity and shape retention during operation. When calculating footage, precision to mm is not required. All these characteristics together make it possible to quickly install metal-plastic pipes in structures of any complexity.

Connection of metal-plastic pipes

For fastening parts different diameters, fittings are used to design turns and branches. Depending on the type of connecting part, fastening is carried out using crimp nuts or using presses.

Press fittings are used for hidden laying of lines

The advantage of using fittings is the presence of ready-made thread cuts, which reduces the work process. But you should not lose your vigilance; the technology for installing metal-plastic pipes requires delicately careful handling of consumables. As a rule, it is carried out hidden gasket communication lines, therefore it is necessary to ensure perfect tightness of the joints.

Note: discard fittings with unclear or worn threads. If there is no choice, it is allowed to use a shaped part with defective notches, but only if the area of ​​the “defective” thread is no more than 10% of its total surface.

A high-quality screw fitting has straight ends, perpendicular to the main product, without burrs or inaccuracies on the thread.

Preparatory work

Prepare a tool for installing metal-plastic pipes:

• calibrator and chamfer
• adjustable or open-end wrench (if compression fittings are used)
• press jaws (if press fittings are used)

A pruner (pipe cutter) will provide an even cut line and will avoid burrs and damage to the protective coating products when cutting. The calibrator will help to shape the part, flare it to required diameter without deformation of seals. Without experience or lack of time, it is recommended to use electric tools.

Use a pipe cutter to get straight ends.

Before installing metal-plastic pipes, regardless of the chosen type connecting parts, conduct training on simple algorithm:

• the surface of the pipes is marked into the required divisions;

Important: when calculating the length of the segment, take into account the centimeters included in the fitting.

• the product is cut according to the markings (work at right angles);
• if the part was deformed during the process, level it with a calibrator (you can also remove the chamfer from the inside, and remove the external chamfer using a chamfer remover).

Select the tool according to the working diameter. If the edge of the cut is sharp, sharpen it with a sharpened metal drill with a small diameter or a round file.

Installation with compression fittings

Compression connection suitable for open installation

When installing metal-plastic pipes using a crimp (compression) fitting, make sure that all dielectric gaskets and O-rings are present on the tail section. After checking, follow the algorithm:

1. Place a tightening nut on the end of the pipe.
2. Secure the crimp ring.

Important: if you use a cone-shaped ring, put it on from the narrow edge.

1. Insert the shank firmly into the pipe.
2. Seal the fastening with flax and sealant or tow.
3. Secure the fitting with a union nut, tighten it, adjusting the pressure so as not to damage the fastener, but to ensure complete tightness.

Tip: use 2 wrenches for reliability - hold the fitting body with one, and tighten the nut with the second.

Working with press fittings

Here's how to properly install metal-plastic pipes using press fittings:

1. Bevel the end of the pipe.
2. Treat it with a calibrator.
3. Install the ferrule.
4. Place O-rings on the fitting, insert the fitting into the pipe, contact point metal elements Protect with a dielectric gasket.
5. Insert liners of a diameter suitable for the part being fastened with the fitting into the press tongs, and turn the handles of the tongs 180°.
6. Place the connection in the pliers, close the handles and crimp until it stops.

Video: How to work with press fittings

Pipe bending and fastening

Metal-plastic lines are secured to walls and other surfaces using special clips. Such devices make it easier to dismantle metal-plastic pipes with your own hands if necessary.

If the product is deformed, a calibrator will help return it to shape.

Select clips according to the size and diameter of the pipes.

How to attach: install the clip using dowels and self-tapping screws. To prevent the pipeline from sagging, install fastenings to the wall at a distance of no more than 1 m. When turning or existing bends, the pipeline is fixed on both sides.

You can bend a piece of metal-plastic with your hands, using a spring, a hair dryer or a pipe bender:

1. Manually. The product is shaped by manual pressure. Suitable for experienced craftsmen, with small pipe diameters.
2. The use of a spring prevents deformation (stretching, tearing, uneven bending) and simplifies operation. The device is inserted into a bendable part and can be bent. The spring must correspond to the working diameter.
3. The heat of the hairdryer softens the plastic, and the product made from it bends in one movement. The main thing is not to overheat the material.
4. A pipe bender will ensure a perfectly even turn. You need to set the bending angle, insert the part into the grooves and bring the handles together.

Rules for working with metal-plastic

Plastic is vulnerable to UV radiation, thermal and mechanical damage. Therefore, open installation of metal-plastic pipes for water supply or other purposes is allowed only in areas where such factors are absent. Also, the pipeline is installed in the open after finishing the walls.

List of rules:

1. If you are making a hidden highway, provide hatches and removable panels without sharp edges in the ceiling so that there is access to joints and fittings.
2. Avoid kinks, cuts and ruptures on the pipes. To avoid scratches, do not use sharp objects when unpacking the pipes.
3. Pass the pipeline through walls and other ceilings using sleeves, the diameter of which is 5-10 mm larger than the outer circumference of the pipe.
4. Remember: installation of metal-plastic products can be carried out at a temperature not lower than 10°. If consumables were at sub-zero temperatures, allow them to warm up to room temperature before use.

Make markings with a pencil or marker, and equip metal connections with gaskets made of soft materials.

You can easily handle the installation metal-plastic structures, if you follow the manufacturer's instructions and be patient.

Video: How to install a compression connection

Modern water supply systems can be made from different types pipes, each of them has its own characteristics and installation nuances.

Although some people may think that installing metal-plastic pipes with their own hands is a very simple task, they are not entirely right.

Conducting a water supply system from this type of pipe has its own characteristics that must be observed; only in this case will you be able to create a workable system, and it will serve you for a long time and reliably.

To perform work such as installing metal-plastic pipes, you will need a certain set of tools.

Everything will depend on what type of fittings you will use to assemble the plumbing.

Installation can be done using a special press or using crimp nuts, and accordingly the price of materials will be different.

If we talk about the effectiveness of these two connections, then it is almost the same, but if you installed the water supply using pressed ends, then in the event of a leak, it is no longer possible to correct the error and you need to buy a new fitting, it is clear that the price in this case will increase.

If you decide to do a one-time installation of metal-plastic pipes at home, then buying a press for this will be illogical, since the price of this equipment is rather high.

That is why assembling a water pipe using crimp nuts is more popular and affordable.

The tool for installing metal-plastic pipes is quite simple:

• 2 adjustable wrenches;
• special scissors;
• calibrator, this tool is needed in order to expand its internal diameter at the junction of the pipe and fitting;
• To make smooth bends, you need a spring of the appropriate diameter.

Advantages and disadvantages

The metal-plastic pipe consists of 3 layers that are glued together. Outside and inside there is a layer of plastic, between which there is an aluminum layer. They are distinguished by diameter and wall thickness, as well as by manufacturer. Products with diameters from 16 to 32 mm are produced.

If we talk about the advantages of this material, it is high flexibility and the ability to retain its shape when bending, as well as a low expansion coefficient.

If the installation technology has not been violated, then such a design will serve for 50 years or more without problems, since they are not damaged by corrosion; inside no deposits accumulate.

Fig.1 Pipe structure

Roughness inner surface These pipes are almost 10 times smaller than copper pipes and 20 times smaller than their steel counterparts, so to create a system you can take pipes of smaller diameter, it is clear that their price will be lower.

Unlike metal systems water supply, they do not transmit or create noise, they are easy to install and do not require welding machine or pipe bender. Another advantage is that they do not need to be painted; their beautiful appearance will fit into any interior.

Like any other material, they have some disadvantages: they can withstand pressures that do not exceed 10 atm and temperatures up to 95 degrees. Pipes on which fittings are already installed cannot be bent if, after installation of the system, work is still underway. construction works, then you need to be careful not to damage them.

It is necessary to avoid getting on the pipes long time influenced ultra-violet rays and high temperature.

Using compression fittings

Such elements are a fitting, inside of which there is a cut brass ring, as well as a nut. For installation you only need a key of the appropriate size. Once you have connected the pipes and begin to tighten the nut, the ring compresses and forms a strong and reliable connection.

Fig.2 Installation using compression fittings

What you shouldn't have special tool And simple technology, makes this installation method popular and affordable.

In addition, such a connection allows, if necessary, to perform quick dismantling systems.

Many experts, if one of the system components fails, do not recommend replacing it; it is better to cut out this section and install a new pipe.

IN construction stores there is enough big choice fittings and when purchasing them, you need to pay attention to whether they are compatible with the pipes you purchased, and it is better to purchase everything together in one store.

Installation procedure:

• first the pipe must be straightened;
• after this it is marked;
• the cut is made strictly perpendicular to the axis;
• the cut must be processed using a calibrator;
• place the nut and ring on the pipe;
• insert the fitting to make it easier, you can moisten it with water;
• tighten the nut until it stops; there is no need to use an additional lever for the wrench.

Using press fittings

If speak about this type connection, it has the following advantages:

• allow you to do hidden system pipeline;
• the connection is more reliable;
• less Supplies, which significantly reduces costs.

The disadvantage is that you will need a special tool, it can be manual or hydraulic.

Sequence of work:

If you are installing specified type pipes using the technologies described above, then no matter what type of connection you choose, you will get a reliable and quality system water supply that will last you for decades.

Table 1. Material cost:

Depending on the specialist you invite to perform the installation, installing one point will cost you about 2000-2500 rubles.

If you decide to save money when carrying out repair work, then it is better to do everything yourself. For example, it is quite possible to carry out communications using metal-plastic pipes yourself. The main thing is to prepare everything you need and get acquainted with the advice of experts. And then you can start working. This article talks about how to install metal-plastic pipes with your own hands.

Preparation

Before proceeding with installation, you must prepare necessary tool and devices. Everything will depend on the method of connecting the pipes you choose.

There are two main ways to perform docking:

• using compression fittings;
• using press fittings.

The first option is faster and does not require the use of a special tool. If installation is carried out using press fittings, then it is necessary to purchase or rent a special device - press pliers.

So, if you chose the first fitting option, then you will need the following:

• to cut pipes you need to prepare special scissors or a hacksaw;
• set of wrenches;
• fine-grained sanding paper;
• special tool for giving pipes the correct round shape(sweep or calibration);
• metal-plastic pipes themselves.

If you decide to use press fittings, then you should buy (or rent, cheaper) press pliers for this set. Such a tool can be either automatic or manual.

Connection using the compression method

This method is the most common, although some experts do not praise it. The fact is that compression connecting elements “loose” over time and leaks appear. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically inspect the joints and, if necessary, tighten the nuts.

The instructions for connecting metal-plastic pipes using compression fittings look quite simple. All work is performed in the following sequence:

• first you need to straighten the pipe over a section of ten centimeters in each direction from the joint;
• We mark the place of the cut and perform it using special scissors or a hacksaw. This must be done strictly at a right angle;
• then, the ends of the pipe are sanded using sandpaper to remove burrs. After this, calibration is carried out using a special tool. This operation is necessary to give the pipes the correct rounded shape;
• Now you need to moisten the flange fitting with water, so it will be easier to put on the pipe. You need to put it on the end so that the pipe evenly touches the fitting. Together with the flange, a compression ring is put on the end;
• then take two keys and use them to tighten the nut. The first revolutions can be done manually. The nut should go easily. If this does not happen, then most likely you have missed the thread. You need to unscrew the nut and try again;
• After this, you need to test the assembled section for leaks.

When connecting metal-plastic pipes using compression fitting, great efforts are not allowed. If you overtighten the nuts, you can damage the fitting, which will lead to leakage and the need to replace the unit.

Note! If the tightness of the connection is insufficient, then you just need to slightly tighten the nut.

We carry out press installation

Joining metal-plastic pipes using press fittings is considered a more reliable and durable connection. True, this method makes the connection inseparable, which may interfere with repairs or reconstruction of the system.

The work process itself looks like this:

• the pipe section is straightened and markings are made;
• pipe is cut;
• the end is processed using sanding paper, sweeps and calibration is carried out;
• then the crimp coupling included in the fitting kit is put on the pipe;
• Next, you need to put an insulating gasket on the fitting fitting. It is necessary to protect the device from electrocorrosion;
• then the fitting is inserted into the pipe and crimped using press pliers. This must be done carefully and carefully so as not to damage the connecting device. Otherwise, you will have to cut the pipe again and carry out all the procedures again.

You can check the correct connection by appearance coupling. Two uniform rings should appear on its surface. If crimping is done incorrectly, it cannot be repeated. It is necessary to cut the pipe and carry out all the work again.

Installation rules

In order for the connections and the entire system to work properly and without leaks, it is necessary to follow some installation recommendations:

• installation work should be carried out at an ambient temperature not lower than +10ºС;
• if during transportation of metal-plastic pipes they were at sub-zero temperatures, then before installation they must be kept in a warm room for at least a day;
• It is advisable to lay metal-plastic pipes in a closed way. If this is not possible, then protection from mechanical stress and ultraviolet radiation must be provided;
• if at repair work welding is planned, it must be completed before the installation of metal-plastic pipes begins;
• The pipe must not be twisted or excessively bent. According to manufacturers' recommendations, the bend radius should not exceed five pipe diameters. The bending itself can be done manually;
• Since the pipes are quite flexible, it is necessary to secure them. Fastening is carried out every half a meter in a horizontal position and every meter in a vertical position. For this purpose, special fastening clips are used;
• If there is a need to lay a pipe through a wall, then you need to use sleeves.

If you follow these recommendations when installing systems using metal-plastic pipes, the communications will last a long time and will not cause you problems.

Video

In this video you will see how metal-plastic pipes are installed using compression fittings.