Program for switching in electrical installations. Organization and order of switching - instructions for making operational switching in electrical installations
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5. Organization and order of switching.
5.1.
Switching on electrical equipment and relay protection and automation (PA) devices controlled by operational personnel is carried out only by his order, and on those under the control of operational personnel - by his permission.
5.2.
In distribution networks, in the absence of dispatch, switching can be carried out by order of a manager or specialist, who in this case performs the functions of a dispatcher.
The list of electrical installations with this switching order is determined by the order of the electrical network enterprise.
5.3.
Multi-subordination of operational personnel of electrical installations to dispatchers of different levels is allowed in accordance with the distribution of equipment of power plants and electrical networks according to the dispatch control method.
5.4.
Switching without the order and permission of top-level operational personnel, but with subsequent notification, is allowed to be carried out in cases that cannot tolerate delay (accident, disaster, fire, accident), in compliance with the requirements of Section 9.
5.5
. Performing switching in electrical installations is permitted to persons from the operational, operational and repair departments and persons from managers and specialists who have the right to conduct operational negotiations and switching. Lists of such persons are approved annually by the chief engineer of the enterprise.
5.6.
The operating personnel, with whose permission switchovers are carried out, are responsible for the possibility and timeliness of their implementation when existing scheme and the mode of operation of the electrical network, the admissibility of modes after switching.
5.7.
The operating personnel, on whose orders switching is carried out, are responsible for the admissibility and timeliness of switching under the existing scheme and mode of operation of the equipment, as well as correct sequence And required amount operations with switching devices and relay protection and automation devices.
5.8.
Persons directly performing operations and controlling switching are responsible for the permissibility of operations in a given circuit and mode of operation of the equipment, the correct choice of a standard form and the sequence of operations with switching devices and relay protection and automation devices (PA), the timeliness and accuracy of execution of dispatcher orders.
5.9.
Complex switchings are carried out according to switching forms by two persons, one of whom is a supervisor. The issue of whether switchings are classified as complex is decided by the management of the enterprise.
Simple switches can be performed without a switch form and by one person, regardless of the composition of the shift, in accordance with the requirements of this paragraph.
At each enterprise, a list of switching operations must be developed and approved by the chief engineer, which are carried out according to switching forms, indicating the number of persons taking part in certain switching operations, and the distribution of responsibilities between them.
At substations and in distribution devices, where the operational blocking of at least one connection has failed or is missing, or the blocking has not been completed in full, all switchings are performed only according to forms (SZN SSh or Sek.Sh. are not interlocked with the ShR of outgoing connections, transformers, ShSMV, SMV).
5.10.
When two persons participate in switching, the supervisor should be the senior in position. In some cases, the direct execution of operations may be assigned by the appropriate administrative document to the senior person on the shift. Both persons bear responsibility for the correct switching in all cases.
5.11.
When switching in electrical installations using simple or standard forms, relay protection and communications service personnel can be involved to perform individual operations on assigned equipment. In the relevant paragraphs of the forms, it is necessary to note: “Performed by SRZA personnel.”
The employee involved in switching must be familiar with the purpose and sequence of operations. His last name is written down on the switching form. The orders of the duty officer who performs switching in the primary circuit, as well as notification of their implementation, can be transmitted by means of communication.
Persons involved in switching operations are responsible for the correctness and accuracy of carrying out the orders of the duty officer. Evasion of switching by these persons is not allowed.
6. Programs and switching forms.
6.1.
Dispatchers of the ODS and ODG manage operational switching operations at power facilities according to switching programs.
The duty personnel who directly perform switching use exclusively switching forms. Their replacement with any other operational document is prohibited.
The programs and switching forms establish the order and sequence of operations in the circuits electrical connections electrical installations, relay protection circuits, automation and communications.
6.2.
Operational switching programs are developed by ODS dispatchers, who manage the involved equipment. Operational switching programs are drawn up on forms strict reporting and are registered with dispatchers.
Programs for prompt switching to introduce new equipment and change the network layout are developed by the UDS, ODG together with the personnel of the SRZA, LIP, signed by the heads of these services or their replacements.
6.3.
The essence of the operational switching program is to determine measures to prepare the circuit, mode, relay protection and PA devices for removal for repair or for commissioning of this or that equipment, as well as ensuring the necessary sequence of operations at various power facilities.
Operational switching programs are compiled in general view, without unnecessary detail. A group of operations that are performed at one object and aimed at achieving one goal can be displayed in the program with one order. For example:
“Turn off the switch and disassemble its circuit”; "Release bus system", etc.
Operations with RP and PA devices are contained in program paragraphs that define their essence, without giving the numbers of panels and switching devices. For example: “Initiate the action of automatic division to turn off the Zmiev TPP circuit breaker.”
6.4.
Copies of operational switching programs should be sent to lower levels of operational management to supplement them with issues that should not be resolved at top level. For example: “During the repair of the 110 kV Zemin – Shcherkanovo overhead line at the Shcherkanovo substation - 110 kV, carry out a repair scheme in the 35 kV outdoor switchgear”
6.5.
Drawing up operational switching programs is mandatory for overhead lines and equipment where they require complex training mode, circuit as well as relay protection and PA devices at different power facilities. The programs are approved by the chief engineer of the enterprise.
6.6.
Persons reviewing operational applications determine the possibility of using the available program in each case and, if necessary, specify changes or additions to the program in the application and determine the need to develop a special one-time program.
6.7.
When performing operational switching at power facilities, both regular and standard forms are used, developed taking into account the measures given in the operational switching programs.
In switching forms, all operations in the primary circuit and secondary switching circuits should be detailed using dispatch names of switching equipment, panel numbers and names of switching devices.
Operations that are performed by order of the dispatcher must be marked “By order of the dispatcher.” In addition, the most important verification actions must be entered into the switching forms:
- checking on site the position of switches before operations with disconnectors;
- checking that there is no voltage before grounding the equipment;
- checking the absence of “Earth” on DC or in a 6/35 kV network;
- checking the absence of a blinker “failure of voltage circuits” on distance protections;
- checking the absence of blinkers and the entered protection position on transformers;
- checking the absence of grounding and short circuits on the equipment.
Each operation or action entered in the switching form must have a serial number for ease of accounting. It is prohibited to enter items with serial numbers 1-a, 13-b, etc. into the switching form. Operations with switching devices in the switching form must be recorded with the following content:
_when performing operational switching in one electrical installation “Item No. RU-110kV. LR-110 add. Salt. Off LR-110kV pris. Salt without heat by order of D/D.”
_when performing operational switching in several electrical installations “Item No. TP-23. RU-6kV. VN-6kV with..TP-280.Off. VN-6kV attached TP-280 under heating.
6.8.
Standard forms should be developed primarily for complex switchovers in order to eliminate errors and save time for on-duty personnel when preparing them.
Standard switching forms must be signed: in the 35-110 kV network - by the heads of substations and the management of the SRZA. In RESakh deputy. head of OR. These persons are responsible for the correctness of their preparation. Standard switching forms are approved by the chief or deputy. chief engineer of the enterprise according to competence.
Standard forms must be replicated and issued to operational personnel in several copies for one-time use.
6.9.
Standard forms should be developed for both normal and repair electrical installation circuits. In regular and standard switching forms, it is indicated specifically for which circuit the form is compiled in the line “The form is compiled for the circuit:”
When switching, the duty officer is prohibited from making changes or additions to the switching form.
If there are changes in the primary connection diagram or relay protection and automation circuits of the electrical installation that exclude the possibility of performing operations on individual items, then they should be canceled or replaced in advance. Changes are made by the persons who signed the form.
6.10.
The usual switching form is drawn up by the duty officer who received the order to switch, after it is recorded in the operational log.
The switching form is allowed to be drawn up in advance, during the shift, by the person on duty who will take part in the switching, or by the person on duty from the previous shift, with verification and signatures of the persons who will perform and control the switching.
6.11.
Switching forms, both regular and standard, are reporting documents. They must be issued to operational personnel numbered. Double numbering of standard forms is required: the form number and then, through a line, the serial number of the copy, which is entered manually after reproduction. Used forms, including damaged ones, must be stored for at least 10 days. Control over the correct completion and execution of switching forms is entrusted to persons specified by the instructions of the enterprise for the relevant service.
6.12.
Programs and standard switching forms must be reviewed (corrected) in case of changes in the electrical connection diagram of electrical installations associated with the introduction of a new or partial dismantling obsolete equipment, reconstruction of switchgears, as well as when introducing new or changes in installed devices relay protection and automation.
7. Sequence of actions of operational personnel.
7.1.
The start time of planned switchings is determined by requests, but in each specific case it is determined by the dispatcher, under whose operational control the equipment is located. Scheduled switching must be carried out at an air temperature of at least 10°C and in illumination at the workplace, which allows you to clearly see the inscriptions on the equipment, the position of the indicators, the condition of the contacts and the supporting insulation of the switching devices.
Scheduled switchovers at the end of the shift are not permitted.
7.2.
The dispatcher in whose operational control the equipment is located, before starting switching, is obliged to check its operating mode and the electrical network diagram, make sure that switching is possible, and then request permission from the dispatcher in whose charge this equipment is located.
Permission to switch is given in general form without listing individual operations, after checking the possibility of their implementation according to the existing scheme, the operating mode of the equipment, and carrying out the necessary routine measures. The time of issuing permission to switch is recorded in the operational log.
Having received permission to switch, the dispatcher in whose operational control the equipment is located is obliged to warn the dispatcher of the adjacent enterprise whose circuit is deteriorating. Instruct subordinate personnel about the switching procedure and methods for eliminating possible emergency situations, establish the necessary sequence of operations or prepare an appropriate switching program and give orders for them to subordinate operational personnel with an entry in the operational log.
7.3.
The dispatcher gives orders for switching directly to subordinate operational personnel. It is allowed to transmit an order for switching to the dispatcher or duty officer of an electrical installation, direct communication with whom is disrupted, through the duty dispatcher or duty officer of another electrical installation, who is obliged to record the order in his operational journal or on a sound recording tape and transmit the order to its destination.
7.4.
In case of urgent need and the absence of the power plant shift supervisor at the control panel, the dispatcher has the right to give an order to perform a separate operation on the equipment, as well as relay protection and automation (PA) devices under his operational control, directly to the shift supervisor of the electrical department, who is obliged to carry out the order and notify about this from the dispatcher who gave the order and the shift supervisor of the power plant.
7.5.
The order must be given for one task. In order to save time and rational use transport, OVB personnel who service substations and distribution networks are allowed to simultaneously issue several switching tasks (indicating the order in which they should be completed). The number of tasks for one brigade is determined by the person giving the order.
EOD personnel must begin performing the next task after informing the dispatcher about the completion of the previous task. If the fault is repaired in the 0.4 kV network, and communication with the dispatcher is broken, the execution of the next tasks is allowed without prior notification to the dispatcher.
7.6.
The duty officer who received the order to switch is obliged to:
- repeat the order and receive confirmation from the dispatcher that it was understood correctly;
- record the task in the operational journal if the order was received at the workplace;
- according to the diagram, check the sequence of operations and, if necessary, draw up a switching form or prepare a standard switching form for use.
It is possible to perform sequential switching using several standard forms.
The essence of the received order, the purpose and sequence of upcoming operations should be explained to another person if he will be involved in switching.
After verification, the form must be signed by two persons - the one who performs the switching and the one who controls them.
7.7.
Before performing complex non-standard switches on the instructions of the dispatcher, he himself must check the compiled form.
7.8.
The procedure for switching between forms:
- At the switching site, personnel are required to check the inscriptions for the name of the connection and the name of the device on which the operations need to be performed. Switching from memory is strictly prohibited;
- Having made sure that the selected connection and device are correct, the controlling person reads out the contents of the operation from the switching form;
- the person performing the switching must repeat the contents of the operation and, having received permission from the supervisory person, perform it.
If the switch is performed by one person on duty, he needs to read the contents of the operation on the form and then perform it.
To exclude the possibility of missing any operation, appropriate notes should be made on the form after they are completed. The form used is crossed out.
It is prohibited to change the switching sequence established in the form.
If there are any doubts about the correctness of the operations being performed, switching must be stopped. Check the sequence of operations according to the diagram and, if necessary, obtain an appropriate explanation from the dispatcher or the person who gave the order.
When switching, conversations that are not directly related to the task received are prohibited. Breaks in switching are allowed in exceptional cases. A break in switching must be formalized as follows in all operational documents, namely: in the switching form, unfulfilled items must be crossed out, in the operational log the following entry is made: “Time. For the bank account, operations were completed from point No. 1 to point No._ inclusive. Reason for cessation of operations." The completion of operations is documented using a new form for switching to uncompleted operations of the previous form.
The presence of persons in the switching zone that are not related to them is prohibited.
7.9.
After the switching is completed, a record is made in the operational log about all operations with switching devices, changes in relay protection and automation (PA) circuits, turning on (turning off) grounding blades, applying (removing) portable groundings with a mark of their numbers and locations.
The procedure for accounting for grounding is given in Appendix A.
When performing operations on switching forms, its number should be indicated in the operational log. A record of completed operations is carried out without unnecessary detail.
Changes that occur after switching are made to the operational diagram (mnemonic diagram). The order of their maintenance is given in Appendix B.
The end of operations must be reported to the person who gave the order for the switches.
7.10.
The dispatcher's order is considered completed if he receives a message from the person who received the order.
If the switches were not carried out according to the program, the dispatcher who gave the order to carry them out must write down in the operational log about all the approvals completed and orders issued with a time stamp for their execution.
A record of switching according to the program is made in the operational log in abbreviated form. Appropriate changes must be made to the operational layout diagram. The dispatcher who gave permission for them must be informed about the end time of switching.
The dispatcher must note in the operational log the time of switching and make appropriate changes to the mnemonic diagram.
7.11.
Operational negotiations between dispatchers at all levels must be recorded by a tape recorder or other device. Operations personnel have no right to influence their work.
INSTRUCTIONS
BY PRODUCTION
OPERATIONAL
SWITCHING
IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
1.GENERAL PROVISIONS.
1.1. Operational switching in electrical installations is allowed to be carried out by operational (operational and repair) personnel (under contract), - within the boundaries of the act of delimitation of operational responsibility of the Enterprise and 5 VV of the Suburban Grids region of JSC Lenenergo, the enterprise’s own operational personnel or administrative and technical personnel with operational rights, who knows their circuits and the location of equipment, has been trained in the rules for performing operations with switching devices and clearly understands the purpose and sequence of switching, has passed the test of knowledge of the norms and rules of work in electrical installations in the scope of the electrical safety group of at least III group. according to EB up to 1000 V. in electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V. and 4 g. according to EB above 1000 V. in electrical installations with voltage above 1000 V.
1.2. Personnel are allowed to carry out operational switching by order of the director.
1.3 It is prohibited to perform switches (even to perform individual operations) by persons who do not have the right to do so.
2. PROCEDURE FOR PRODUCING SWITCHINGS.
2.1 Operational switching is carried out by operational and repair personnel according to orders given by persons authorized to do so by order of the general. Director (Chief Power Engineer, Operations Engineer)
2.2 The order for switching must indicate the exact location (name of the electrical room, power panel, name and number of the switching device) and the sequence of operations. Switching in electrical installations above 1000 V is carried out using switching forms.
2.3. Orders for operational switching are recorded in the operational journal
2.4. An order to make switches is considered executed only when its execution is reported to the person who gave the order.
2.5. It is not recommended to perform scheduled switches at the end of the working day.
2.6. In the event of an emergency, fire or a person coming under voltage, a request to turn off the equipment is carried out immediately, followed by its registration in the operational log and a report on the incident to the person responsible for the electrical equipment.
2.7. Before putting into operation equipment temporarily turned off at the request of non-electrical personnel, operational and repair personnel are obliged to:
2.7.1. Inspect the equipment to determine the possibility of supplying voltage to it.
2.7.2. Warn personnel working on temporarily switched off equipment about the upcoming switching on.
2.7.3. Turn on the equipment.
2.7.4. Confirm the inclusion with an entry in the operational log.
2.8. Responsibility for non-fulfillment or delay in executing an order (application) lies with the persons who did not fulfill the order (application), as well as with the managers who authorized its non-fulfillment or delay.
2.9. The person responsible for electrical facilities or his deputy has the right to conduct operational negotiations with the person on duty at Markon and the 5th BB district of Suburban Grids of JSC Lenenergo from BCS on all issues of power supply to the enterprise.
Applications for planned switching are submitted from the Enterprise to the area of high-voltage networks no later than 5 days before the start of work.
2.11. In the event of non-selective operation of protection in networks, which caused the shutdown of protection devices in the networks of the energy supplying organization, the person responsible for the electrical facilities is obliged to immediately report the causes of the accident to the general manager. director and act on his instructions. IN Emergency situations it is also necessary to follow the Instructions on the procedure for recording and investigating violations in the operation of the energy sector, instructions for preventing accidents and act in the manner developed during emergency (fire) training of the electrical service.
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GKD 34
OPERATIONAL SHIFTING
IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
EXECUTION RULES
1. Industry of use
The rules establish the order and sequence of switching in electrical installations with voltages up to and above 1000 V at enterprises of the Ministry of Energy and Electrification of Ukraine and in electrical installations operationally subordinate to these enterprises.
2. Definitions
The following terms and definitions are used in the Rules:
2.1. Operational switching - actions by switching devices aimed at changing the electrical installation circuit or equipment condition.
2.2. Operational control - control of the state of equipment, in which switching in electrical installations can only be carried out by order of operating personnel of a certain level and in the sequence specified by them.
2.3. Operational management - management of the state of equipment, in which switching in electrical installations is carried out with the permission of operating personnel of a certain level.
2.4. A switching order is an oral task to perform switching in electrical installations, which contains the purpose of the operations and the sequence of their implementation.
2.5. Permission to switch - the consent of the personnel in charge of the equipment to perform switches by the personnel who carry out the operational management of this equipment.
2.6. The switching form is the main operational document that is used by operating personnel directly at the point of switching, and where all operations with power equipment, in relay protection and automation circuits, PA devices and the main testing actions are indicated in turn.
2.7. A typical switching form is a form compiled in advance for complex switching on specific equipment and for a specific connection diagram, which is often repeated and contains many operations and verification actions.
2.8. Switching program is an operational document with a plan for the ordered sequence of work aimed at solving specific task on switching in electrical installations of different control levels and different power facilities or during testing and commissioning of new equipment.
2.9. The person controlling the switching is one of the persons directly performing the switching, who exercises operational control and monitors the progress of switching as a whole according to the switching form.
2.10. Complex switchings are switchings that require a certain sequence and coordination of the actions of operating personnel during operations with switching devices, grounding disconnectors and relay protection devices, emergency and regime automation.
2.11. Simple switching - switching, including no more than 4 operations with switching devices in main diagram electrical connections or relay protection circuits, emergency and operational automation and do not affect the reliability of the power system.
2.12. Interconnection (power system) - one or more power lines that directly connect different power systems.
2.13. A backbone electrical network is an electrical network of higher voltage classes that ensures the reliability of power systems as a single entity.
2.14. Distribution network - an electrical network that distributes electrical energy between points of consumption.
2.15. Phasing is the determination of phase correspondence on the same terminals of a switching device, by turning on which parallel operation of networks can be carried out.
2.16. Operational diagram - an electrical diagram with printed operational names of equipment and switching devices with an actual display of their status.
2.17. Normal diagram - an electrical diagram indicating the types of equipment and the approved normal state of switching devices.
2.18. A mnemonic diagram is a set of elements and information display tools that visually represent the electrical circuit of a power plant (substation, electrical network) and the state of switching devices.
2.19. A repair diagram is a descriptive document that defines the conditions for deviation from the normal diagram of an electrical installation or network, mode measures, relay protection and control systems that must be carried out. It also contains instructions for operating personnel in the event of typical accidents and how to eliminate them.
2.20. The equipment is considered to be in operation if its switching devices are turned on and a closed circuit is formed electrical circuit between the power source and the power receiver.
Valve arresters, coupling capacitors, voltage transformers and other live equipment that are tightly connected (without disconnectors) to the power source are considered to be in operation.
2.21. Equipment is considered to be taken out for repair if it is disconnected by switching devices or disconnected and prepared for repair. repair work in accordance with the requirements of PTB.
2.22. Equipment is considered to be put into reserve if it is turned off by switching devices, and it is possible to immediately put it back into operation using these devices.
2.23. Equipment is considered to be in automatic standby if it is turned off only by switches or separators with an automatic drive to turn on, and it can be put into operation by automatic devices.
2.24. Equipment is considered to be energized if it is connected by switching devices to a voltage source, but is not in operation ( power transformer on Idling, power line connected from the side of the substation that feeds it, etc.).
An unexcited generator or synchronous compensator that is disconnected from the network and rotating with the automatic field extinguishing machine (AFC) turned off should be considered energized.
2.25. A relay protection or automatic control device is considered to be put into operation if its output circuits are connected by pads (blocks, keys) to the control electromagnets of the switching devices.
2.26. A relay protection or automatic control device is considered out of service if its output circuits are disconnected by overlays (blocks, keys) from the control electromagnets of the switching devices.
2.27. A relay protection or automatic control device is considered removed for maintenance (operational testing) if it cannot be put into operation due to a malfunction of the device itself or its circuits, as well as due to preventive maintenance performed on them.
3. Designations and abbreviations
The rules use the following notations and abbreviations:
Relay protection and automation - relay protection and automation;
PA - emergency automatics;
Control room - block control panel;
MSRZA - local relay protection and automation service;
NSS - station shift supervisor;
RES - area of electrical networks;
PES - electric networks enterprise;
RU - switchgear;
Breaker failure protection device;
TN - voltage transformer;
PC - personal electronic computer;
KRU - complete switchgear;
VN - highest voltage;
SN - average voltage;
LV - low voltage;
Automatic reclosure - automatic reclosure;
AGP - automatic field suppression;
ARV - automatic regulator excitement;
VL - overhead line;
CL - cable line;
AVR - automatic switching on of reserve;
ШСВ - bus connecting switch;
SV - sectional switch;
DGR - arc suppression reactor;
SHOV - bus connecting and bypass switch;
OB - bypass switch;
ARKT - automatic regulator of transformation ratio;
NDC - national dispatch center;
RDC - regional dispatch center;
UDS - joint dispatch service.
4. General part
4.1. The rules for performing operational switching in electrical installations are developed taking into account the requirements of PTE, PTB, current regulatory documents on operational control, as well as experience in operating equipment in order to establish
row and sequence of switching in electrical installations up to and above 1000 V.
4.2. The rules are a technological document intended for all levels of operational management using appropriate schemes and programs for operational switching.
4.3. Strict compliance with the Rules is mandatory when performing switchovers and should ensure reliable and coordinated operation of all levels of operational management.
4.4. Knowledge of the Rules is mandatory for operational personnel at all levels, as well as administrative and technical personnel who have the right to operational negotiations and switching.
4.5. Local instructions, taking into account the features of electrical connections, equipment designs and the procedure for operational maintenance of switchgears, are in addition to the Rules and should not contradict them.
The need to draw up local instructions is decided by the management of the energy enterprise.
Switching to electrical diagrams distribution devices (hereinafter - RU) of substations, switchboards and assemblies are carried out by order or with the knowledge of higher operational personnel, in whose operational control or jurisdiction this equipment is located, in accordance with the procedure established by the Consumer: by oral or telephone order with an entry in operational journal.
Operational switching must be performed by an employee from among the operational personnel who directly services electrical installations. The order for switching must indicate their sequence. An order is considered executed only after receiving a message about it from the employee to whom it was given.
Complex switchings, as well as all switchings (except single ones) on electrical installations that are not equipped with interlocking devices or have faulty interlocking devices, must be carried out according to programs and switching forms. Complex ones include switching that requires a strict sequence of operations with switching devices, grounding disconnectors and relay protection devices, emergency and regime automation. Lists of complex switching operations, approved by technical managers, must be stored at control centers and central (main) control panels power stations and substations.
Lists of complex switching operations should be revised when the circuit, equipment composition, protection devices and automation change. Complex switchings should, as a rule, be performed by two workers, one of whom is a supervisor.
If there is one employee from the OP in the shift, the supervisor can be an employee from the administrative and technical staff who knows the layout of this electrical installation, the rules for switching production and is allowed to carry out the switching. In case of complex switchings, it is allowed to involve a third employee from the personnel of the relay protection and automation services for operations in the relay protection and automation circuits. This employee, having previously read the switching form and signed it, must perform each operation as directed by the worker performing the switching.
All other switchings, if there is a working locking device, can be performed individually, regardless of the composition of the shift. In urgent cases (accident, natural disaster, as well as during emergency response), it is allowed, in accordance with local instructions, to carry out switching without orders or without the knowledge of superior operational personnel, with subsequent notification and entry in the operational log. The list of employees entitled to perform operational switching is approved by the Consumer's manager.
The list of employees who have the right to conduct operational negotiations is approved by the person responsible for electrical facilities and transmitted to the energy supply organization and subsubscribers. For repetitive difficult switching operations should be used standard programs, switching forms (when drawing up standard programs and switching forms, energy services are recommended to use standard instructions on switching in electrical installations, operating in energy supply organizations). When eliminating technological violations or to prevent them, it is allowed to carry out switching without switching forms with subsequent recording in the operational log.
Switching programs and forms, which are operational documents, must establish the order and sequence of operations when carrying out switching in electrical connection diagrams of electrical installations and relay protection circuits. Switching forms (standard forms) should be used by the operating personnel directly performing the switching. Switching programs (standard programs) should be used by managers of operating personnel when making switching in electrical installations at different levels of control and at different power facilities.
The level of detail of programs must correspond to the level of operational management. Workers directly performing switching operations are allowed to use the switching programs of the corresponding dispatcher, supplemented by switching forms. Standard programs and switching forms must be adjusted in case of changes in the main electrical connection diagram of electrical installations associated with the commissioning of new equipment, replacement or partial dismantling of obsolete equipment, reconstruction of switchgear devices, as well as the inclusion of new or changes in installed relay protection and automation devices.
In electrical installations with voltages above 1000 V, switching is carried out:
Without switching forms - for simple switching and in the presence of operating blocking devices that exclude incorrect operations with disconnectors and grounding knives during all switching;
According to the switching form - in the absence locking devices or their malfunction, as well as during complex switching.
When eliminating accidents, switching is carried out without forms and is subsequently recorded in the operational log. Switching forms must be numbered. Used forms are stored in the established order.
In electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 V, switching is carried out without drawing up switching forms, but with an entry in the operational log. Electrical equipment that is turned off at the verbal request of process personnel to carry out any work is turned on only at the request of the employee who submitted the request for shutdown or replacing him.
When switching in electrical installations, the following order must be observed:
An employee who has received a switching task is obliged to repeat it, write it down in the operational log and establish the order of upcoming operations according to the operational scheme or layout diagram; draw up, if necessary, a switching form. Negotiations between operational personnel. must be extremely concise and clear. The operational language should exclude the possibility of misunderstanding by personnel of received messages and transmitted orders. The giver and receiver of the order must clearly understand the order of operations;
If switching is performed by two workers, then the one who received the order is obliged to explain, using the operational connection diagram, to the second worker participating in the switching, the order and sequence of upcoming operations;
If there are any doubts about the correctness of the switching, they should be stopped and the required sequence should be checked according to the operational connection diagram;
After completing the switching task, an entry should be made about this in the operational log.
With planned changes in the scheme and operating modes energy equipment For consumers, changes in relay protection and automation devices by dispatch services, which manage the relay protection and automation equipment and devices, must make the necessary changes and additions to the standard programs and switching forms at the appropriate levels of operational management in advance.
Operating personnel directly performing switching operations are not allowed to disable interlocks without authorization. Unblocking is permitted only after checking on site the switched-off position and finding out the reason for the blocking failure with permission and under the guidance of workers authorized to do so by written order of the person responsible for the electrical equipment of the Consumer.
If release is necessary, a switching form is drawn up with release operations entered into it. The switching form is filled out by the duty officer who received the order to carry out the switching. Both workers who carried out the switching sign the form. The supervisor during the switching is the senior in position. Responsibility for the correct switching in all cases rests with both workers who performed the operations.
Switching in complete switchgears (at complete transformer substations), including rolling out and rolling in trolleys with equipment, as well as switching in switchgears, on switchboards and assemblies with voltage up to 1000 V, is allowed to be performed by one employee from among the operating personnel, servicing these electrical installations.
Switching in electrical equipment and in relay protection and automation devices, which are under the operational control of higher operational personnel, must be carried out by order, and those under his jurisdiction - with his permission.
The switching order must indicate the sequence of operations in the electrical installation diagram and relay protection circuits with the necessary degree of detail determined by higher-ranking operational personnel. The switching executor must be given no more than one task at a time to carry out operational switching.
3. What is the frequency of regular knowledge testing for employees?, directly organizing maintenance work existing electrical installations?
(Standard)
n1.doc
I APPROVED
CEO
_____________V.V. Ivanov
"____"___________2010
INSTRUCTIONS
for the production of switching in electrical installationsE-10.17
1. GENERAL PART.
1.
The instructions are drawn up in accordance with the current Interindustry Rules on labor protection (safety rules) during the operation of electrical installations (MPOT), PTEESS RF, PTEEP, PUE and other directive documents.
1.2. This instruction defines the order and sequence of switching in electrical installations with voltages up to and above 1000V.
1.3. Knowledge of these instructions is mandatory for electrical personnel of all levels involved in the process of switching production, as well as those associated with technical maintenance, repair, adjustment, testing technological equipment. The scope of this manual is determined by job descriptions and requirements of tariff and qualification characteristics.
1.4. Electrical personnel include:
operational staff- directly influencing the controls of electrical installations and performing maintenance of electrical installations on shifts in accordance with the approved duty schedule;
operational and repair personnel- repair personnel with the right to operational maintenance and direct influence on the controls of electrical installations;
administrative and technical staff with operational rights;
operational managers- carrying out operational management of the work of the objects assigned to them ( Electricity of the net, electrical installations) and subordinate personnel. The operational manager is the foreman of the electrical section.
1.6. The operational state of electrical equipment is determined by the position of the switching devices, with the help of which it is switched off and switched on and off.
The equipment may be in one of the following operational states:
. at work, if the switching devices are turned on and a closed electrical circuit is formed between the power source and the electricity receiver;
. under repair, if it is disconnected by switching devices or disconnected and prepared, in accordance with the requirements of the MPOT, for repair work;
In reserve, if it is turned off by switching devices and it can be immediately put into operation;
. in automatic reserve, if it is turned off by devices that have an automatic drive to turn on, and can be put into operation by the action automatic devices;
. energized if it is connected by switching devices to a voltage source, but is not in operation (power transformer at idle, etc.).
1.7. Each relay protection and automation device (RPA) can be in the following state:
A) included (introduced) into work;
B) disconnected (taken out of operation);
B) shut down for maintenance.
1.8. Switching when transferring equipment and relay protection devices from one state to another, as well as switching associated with changes in the operational modes of operation of the equipment, must be carried out by operational personnel by order of the operational manager in whose control this equipment and relay protection devices are located.
1.9. If there is a clear danger to human life or in order to preserve equipment, operating personnel are allowed to independently perform the necessary equipment shutdowns in this case without receiving an order or permission from the operational manager, but with subsequent notification of all operations performed.
1.10. Electrical technical personnel are required to know the electrical installation diagrams of the serviced network section, the possible modes of their operation, the order and sequence of switching, as well as the rules for preparing workplaces, issuing permits and allowing crews to work.
The admission of electrical technical personnel to perform the duties of an operational manager must be carried out in the manner established by the “Rules for working with personnel in electric power industry organizations of the Russian Federation.”
1.11.
Rights, duties, responsibilities, operational subordination, as well as personnel relationships during switching operations are determined this instruction and others current rules, regulations and instructions.
2. BASIC PROVISIONS ABOUT SWITCHING.
2.1.
Switching operations in switchgear may only be carried out by persons authorized to operational work, who know the circuits, the actual location of equipment, are trained in the rules of operations with switching equipment, clearly understand the switching sequence, have passed the knowledge test of PTEESS RF, PTEEP, MPOT, PPB, instructions and duplication in the workplace.
Prohibited during switching operations, the presence in the switchgear of persons not taking part in operational switchings, for inclusion of persons who have the appropriate right to do so (internship,control functions, etc.).
Prohibited carrying out switchings (even performing frombusiness transactions) to persons who do not have the right to do so.
The right to carry out operational switching is formalized by an administrative document signed by the director of the enterprise.