Designing ups and soues. Warning and evacuation control systems based on NVP “Bolid” equipment Appointment responsible aps soue organization

The main condition for ensuring the safety of people during fires and other natural Disasters is the organized and prompt evacuation of them to safe areas, where exposure to hazardous physical factors. Implement this in modern conditions The fire warning and evacuation management system, SOUE, is designed.

This article describes how the SOUE works and what it consists of, what requirements are put forward for warning systems, and how they are classified.

The fire warning system is integral part fire alarm, which by law any enterprise or organization, regardless of its form of ownership, must have in its buildings and structures. It represents a collection technical means and activities the purpose of which is to timely notify people in the building or on the territory of the facility about a fire and provide them with information about the procedure and exit routes.

Operating principle and composition of fire warning and evacuation systems

Evacuation management in case of fire is thought out during the planning of buildings, which must have such a spatial design that will ensure a quick exit from areas affected by fire or combustion products.

Correct functionality is ensured by:

• By giving light and sound signals, broadcasting recordings of specially composed texts with calls and instructions about actions, directions of movement;
• Turning on emergency lighting;
• Mandatory placement of illuminated signs fire safety on routes for people to move to safe areas;
• Operation of remotely opened locking devices at the exits;
• Creating a connection between fire station dispatchers and the warning zone;
• Other methods.

Thus, fire warning and evacuation control systems include the following devices:

• Annunciators;
• Light boards;
• Direction signs, including illuminated ones;
• Acustic systems communications for informing duty officers and staff;
• Access control electronics for opening locks;
• SOUE control devices.

Our company offers to supply modern elements fire warning systems, develop and install and launch SOUE of any complexity at various enterprises and organizations.

Classification of fire warning systems and requirements for their operation

Requirements for fire warning systems are reflected in various regulatory documents. First of all, this the federal law N126 Federal Law, which is called “ Technical regulations on fire safety requirements." In addition, the country has Fire Safety Standards (FSN), in particular NPB-104-63 and NBP 77-98, which also describe fairly strict requirements for warning systems.

Today there is a certain classification of fire warning systems. Depending on the degree of autonomy of work, it can be autonomous or work as part of larger system. There are also 5 types of SOUE, the choice of which is dictated by the number of floors in the building, the responsibility of the facility and other factors.

• Type 1 is characterized by the presence of sound and light annunciators, signals, sirens, which sound an alarm in all rooms where people may be present. One line works, all sirens turn on simultaneously.
• Type 2 provides for the presence of the same technical means, as well as the installation of light indicators for the direction of movement during evacuation, and “Exit” light indicators.
• Type 3 assumes the additional presence of audio message repeaters, which will relay messages about evacuation routes and prevent panic among people at the site. It is also assumed that warning lines will be switched on independently, two or more lines will operate, and warning zones will be created.
• Type 4, in addition to all the above methods of notification and evacuation control on several independent lines, assumes the presence of voice communication between the dispatcher and the warning zones. It is possible to implement various options for evacuation from building areas, manage personnel and evacuated people using feedback.
• 5 is the most complex and modern, involves the introduction of full automation and various options coordination and centralized control of the withdrawal of groups from a single post.

If you want to know what the requirements of fire safety standards are in this area, contact our specialists by phone

We will analyze the SOUE systems, decoding, fire extinguishing, taking into account the Code of Rules SP 3.13130.2009. You can view it in PDF format at this link: http://www.mchs.gov.ru/upload/site1/ministry/sp_3.13130.2009.pdf.

Why do we, non-professionals, need to know some of the nuances of the fire service? The answer is simple: knowledge of the basic provisions of the Fire Safety Rules is always useful for any person. The integrity and safety of one’s own and other construction projects, and most importantly, the life and safety of other people, sometimes depend on this knowledge.

Now specifically about the SOUE (we are not considering the APS and its decoding in detail yet).

Decoding SOUE looks like that: warning and evacuation control system.

The average developer thinks little about it; he is interested in the purely construction aspects of his cottage or country house. However, everyone needs to know the basics of this system. This will help save on occasion own life and save the lives of others.

However, you should not forget that the SOUE is only one of the components of a comprehensive (general) security system. Its configuration directly depends on the specifics of a particular fire extinguishing facility.

In practice, the SOUE plays a very significant role in terms of providing general fire protection. The number of tasks it performs includes, in addition to the function of alerting about impending fire danger Another task is to quickly and correctly evacuate people.

In the realities of today, SOUE is mandatory component the entire complex necessary security various buildings in which people live.

The system is designed for emergency automatic alerts all personnel in the event of an emergency or other force majeure. Second the main task systems - organizing the right management movement and movement of all evacuation flows from buildings and premises to the safest location this moment zone. Such areas can be the adjacent factory territory, a street, an overpass, a balcony, or a neighboring room separated from the fire by a wall.

Today there are five types of SOUE. They differ from each other in technical equipment. Differences also lie in warning methods, as well as in methods of managing evacuation and fire fighting.

The first type of SOUE.

Such a system is directly linked to the APS, which is installed in standard locations in the building. In this version, the APS is, in fact, the primary system that forces a specific sound control device to operate. Its decoding looks like this: automatic fire alarm.

Second type.

It adds to the sound signal the function of providing information using a light display (usually with the inscription “Exit”).

Third type.

In this case, in the event of an emergency, including a fire hazard, a pre-recorded voice broadcast is turned on with a notification about what and how to do right this minute.

Fourth type.

This system is similar to the third type, but is technically more complex and has somewhat expanded functionality (partially related to fire extinguishing).

Fifth type of SOUE.

It's even more functional system with a built-in ability to extremely efficiently and quickly manage the process of evacuation of people.

The composition of the SOUE components depends on the type of device. It may include sound or (less often) light, and sometimes universal alarms. In addition to this - ASP devices, sound amplifiers, control panels, plus various other types of machines, in addition - microphones and (if necessary) independent power supplies.

Such is the general outline decoding of SOUE. Fire extinguishing after its activation is carried out according to pre-established rules.

PROJECT OF WORK PRODUCTION

Automatic installation of fire alarms, warning system and management of evacuation of people in case of fire

Explanatory note. Hardware Specification. Tables. Scheme. Blueprints

WORKING PROJECT

OOO "___________________"

Object: "School"

CEO

Chief Project Engineer

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

This project was carried out on the basis of:

- agreement No. ________ dated __________, for the performance of design and survey work, concluded between _________________________ and _________________________________________;

- design tasks.

The customer's drawings were used as initial data for design.

The design documentation was completed in accordance with the following regulatory documents:

- GOST 12.1.004-91 Fire safety. General requirements;

- GOST 12.4.009-83 Fire fighting equipment for the protection of objects. Main types. Accommodation and service;

- GOST R 21.1101-2009 System of design documentation for construction. Basic requirements for design and working documentation;

- GOST 21.614-88 Symbolic graphic images of electrical equipment and wiring on plans;

- GOST 28130-89 Fire equipment. Fire extinguishers, fire extinguishing and fire alarm systems. Conventional graphic designations;

- PPB-101-89 Fire safety rules for secondary schools, vocational schools, boarding schools, orphanages, preschool, out-of-school and other educational institutions;

- NPB 58-97 Addressable fire alarm systems. Are common technical requirements. Test methods;

- NPB 77-98 Technical means of warning and fire evacuation control;

- NPB 88-2001 * Fire extinguishing and alarm installations. Design standards and rules;

- NPB 104-03 Warning systems and management of evacuation of people during fires in buildings and structures;

- NPB 105-03 Determination of categories of premises, buildings and outdoor installations based on explosion and fire hazards;

- NPB 110-03 List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment subject to protection by automatic fire extinguishing and fire detection systems;

- PUE Rules for the construction of electrical installations;

- SP 60.13330.2012 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Updated version of SNiP 41-01-2003;

- SNiP 06/31/2009 Public buildings and structures (Updated version of SNiP 2.08.02-89 *);

- SNiP 3.05.06-85 Electrical devices;

- SNiP 21-01-97 * Fire safety of buildings and structures;

- RD 25.953-90 Automatic fire extinguishing, fire, security and fire alarm systems. Symbols of conventional graphic elements of systems;

- STO 56947007-33.040.10.118-2012 Fire extinguishing systems at the facilities of JSC FGC UES. General technical requirements;

- RD 78.145-93 Systems and complexes of security, fire and security and fire alarm system. Rules for production and acceptance of work;

- Recommendations for the design of fire safety systems based on the Strelets fire and security radio system.

This project is carried out in accordance with current standards and rules, and ensures the safe operation of protected premises in compliance with the measures provided for in this project.

Chief Project Engineer: __________

List of working drawings of the main set:

2. BRIEF CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROTECTED OBJECT

Object - school. Located on 3 floors of a separate 3-story brick public building. Attic spaces are not used. Some rooms are equipped with suspended ceilings.

The facility has forced smoke removal from room No. 20 on the third floor and natural ventilation.

NPB 110-03 and the facility is protected by an automatic fire alarm system (AUPS).

- In accordance with the requirements of NPB 104-03, this project provides for equipping the facility with a type 3 warning and evacuation control system (SOEC).

Basic indicators automatic installation fire alarm

Key indicators of a fire warning system

3. BASIC TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

3.1.1. Organization of AUPS

The automatic installation of a fire alarm is designed to detect fires, give an alarm, notify people about a fire, start a smoke removal system and open fire-fighting water supply valves. All premises of the facility are equipped with AUPS, except for: premises with wet processes - bathrooms; premises in which there are no flammable materials - entrance vestibules, stairwells and water metering units.

The following equipment has been adopted as control equipment for receiving signals about the activation of fire detectors and controlling the AUPS: Fire and security alarm receiver and control expander PPKOP 01040510119-16/256-1 (RROP) from the “Strelets” In-Facility Radio Security and Fire Alarm System Kit (according to Technical specifications for the design of fire safety systems based on intra-facility security fire and addressable analogue fire alarm systems "SAGITTARIUS"). Reception of commands and transmission of alarm notifications is carried out by the device via a radio channel from the Radio Channel Control Panel PU-R. The signal receiving equipment is installed on the 1st floor in room No. 18 (hall room) at the security post with 24/7 duty. The security post is separated from another room by a fence, preventing unauthorized persons from accessing the control devices.

The following are accepted as technical means of detecting fire in protected premises:

- for premises in which the occurrence of a fire is accompanied by the release of aerosol products of thermal decomposition - radio channel smoke fire detector IP 21210-3 "Aurora-DR";

- to provide notification of a fire when fires are visually detected - manual radio channel fire detector IPR 51310-1 "IPR-R".

When choosing fire detectors, the following conditions were taken into account: environment, features of technological processes, the likelihood of a fire occurring and the dynamics of its development.

3.1.2. Operating principle of AUPS:

The fire-security reception and control extender PPKOP 01040510119-16/256-1 (RROP) ensures the transmission of alarm notifications and information about the status of the device via a radio channel to remote control PU-R, as well as execution of commands received from PU-R. PPKOP 01040510119-16/256-1 (RROP) using the control panel information board PU-R control, sound and light indication, generates the following notifications:

- "NORMAL" - in the absence of PI activation, malfunctions and the presence of main and backup power;

- “FIRE ATTENTION” - when one smoke fire detector is triggered in the smoke removal zone, with the transmission of a “Fire Attention” message via radio channel indicating the sensor address;

- “FIRE” - when at least two smoke fire detectors are triggered in the smoke removal zone or one manual or smoke fire detector in other rooms, with the transmission of a “Fire” message via radio channel indicating the address of the sensors;

- “NO COMMUNICATION WITH DETECTOR” - in the absence of communication via radio channel with the fire detector indicating the address of the detector;

- “PROP FAILURE” - in case of a malfunction in the operation of the receiving and control expander;

- "BREAKING" - when opening the expander housing;

- “POWER FAILURE” - when the supply voltage drops to 11±0.5 V.

The electrical engineering part of the installation provides for:

- monitoring the serviceability of radio channel communication;

- separate indication of all notifications with the ability to determine the time of their receipt;

- buffering of events transmitted over the interface. Buffer size - 256 events.

When the device generates a “FIRE” notification:

- the warning system is launched;

- launches the smoke removal system (only when sensors are triggered in rooms equipped with a smoke removal system).

The device provides execution of the following commands coming via the interface:

- "Write configuration";