Examples of synonymous sentences with different subordinate clauses. Types of subordination in special clauses with several subordinate clauses

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Polynomial complex sentences (PCS) are divided into two types. The first type includes NGNs in which all subordinate clauses refer to the main clause. Depending on the meaning of subordinate clauses and their relationship to the main one, they divide homogeneous suggestions and heterogeneous.

Homogeneous and heterogeneous

Subordinate clauses that refer to the same member of the main sentence or to the main sentence as a whole are called homogeneous. They are connected with each other by coordinating or non-union connection and are called subordinate clauses.

Examples: I saw how she left, and how he looked after her for a long time.

Until recently, we recalled that we were very friendly with him and that whenever possible we tried to see each other.

Subordinate clauses that belong to different types in meaning, as well as subordinate clauses of the same type, but related to different members of the main sentence, are called heterogeneous.

Examples: When he approached, I asked where to go next.

He explained that we would have to leave as soon as possible, and added that he would give us some food for the road.

The second type is formed by SPPs, in which subordinate clauses form logical chain, that is, the first refers to the main thing, the second to the first, the third to the second, etc. Such subordination is called sequential, and subordinate clauses are called, respectively, subordinate clauses of the first degree, subordinate clauses of the second degree, etc.

Example: I thought it was time to move so that I could be where we were supposed to meet by evening.

Also, complex sentences with several subordinate clauses can combine both types.

For example: Yesterday he said that people are leaving their homes, and that soon there will be no one to grow wheat, and that no one knows what to do.

We were told that we would have to be there when the guests arrived to open the door and to take outer clothing.

In the first example, the first three subordinate clauses refer to the main clause, and the last subordinate clause (what needs to be done) refers to the subordinate clause “that no one knows.” In the second, the first subordinate clause is a subordinate clause of the first degree (the second type of SPP), and the remaining three subordinate clauses are not only subordinate clauses of the second degree, but also heterogeneous (the first type of SPP).

Also, polynomial complex sentences include those in which one subordinate clause is given question from two or more main clauses. In this case, the main sentences are interconnected by a non-union or coordinating connection.

Example: He was clearly in pain, he was out of breath, and his heart was pounding wildly when the ambulance finally arrived.

In this chapter:

§1. Types of subordination in NGN with several subordinate clauses

An IPP can have more than one subordinate clause. In this case, it is important to understand how all the parts complex sentence are interconnected, what obeys what. Three types are possible:

1) consistent submission,
2) parallel subordination,
3) homogeneous subordination.

Consistent submission

With sequential subordination, a chain of sentences is formed: the first subordinate clause is subordinate to the main clause, the second subordinate clause is subordinate to the first subordinate clause, etc. With this type of subordination, each subordinate clause is the main one for the subsequent subordinate clause.

I'm afraid that Anna will be late for the exam, which is scheduled to start early in the morning.

Scheme: [...], (union What...), (conjunctive word which…).

At consistent subordination a subordinate clause related to the main clause is called a subordinate clause of the first degree, and the next subordinate clause is called a subordinate clause of the second degree, etc.

Parallel subordination

If one main clause includes subordinate clauses different types, then parallel subordination is formed. With this type of subordination, both subordinate clauses belong to the same main clause. It is important that these clauses are of different types and they answer different questions.

When the teacher came in, the kids stood up to greet her.

Scheme: (conjunctive word When…), [ … ], (union to …).

Homogeneous Subordination

If subordinate clauses are sentences of the same type and refer to the same member of the main sentence or the entire main sentence as a whole, then a homogeneous subordination is formed. At homogeneous subordination clauses answer the same question.

I suddenly felt how the tension subsided and how light my soul became.

Scheme: [...], (union How...) and (union How …).

Subordinate explanatory clauses are similar to homogeneous members of the sentence; they are connected to each other by the conjunction And. Both subordinate clauses refer to the main clause of the sentence. There is no comma between them.

It is important that with homogeneous subordination, conjunctions or allied words can be omitted, which is typical for sentences with several subordinate clauses.

Test of strength

Find out your understanding of this chapter.

Final test

Is it true that an NGN can have more than one subordinate clause?
What is subordination called when the first subordinate clause is subordinated to the main clause, the second subordinate to the first, etc.?
- consistent submission
- homogeneous subordination
- parallel subordination
What is subordination called when subordinate clauses of different types are attached to one main clause?
- consistent submission
- homogeneous subordination
- parallel subordination
What is subordination called when subordinate clauses are sentences of the same type and refer to the same member of the main sentence or the entire main sentence as a whole?
- consistent submission
- homogeneous subordination
- parallel subordination
When the performance ended, the children clapped so that the artists felt their gratitude.?
- consistent submission
- parallel subordination
- homogeneous subordination
What is subordination in a sentence: I think that in the next episode the hero will save the girl he is in love with.?
- consistent submission
- parallel subordination
- homogeneous subordination
What is subordination in a sentence: I heard the door slam and people talking in the hallway.?
- consistent submission
- parallel subordination
- homogeneous subordination
What is subordination in a sentence: I think that my brother will be happy with my gift and that I made a very good choice.?
- consistent submission
- parallel subordination
- homogeneous subordination

Type of polynomial IPS	Scheme	Example
1. SPP with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. In him main part is the main one only for one of the subordinate clauses, which in turn is the main one for the next subordinate clause, etc.		When he went outside the monastery fence to get to the monastery in time for the abbot’s dinner, his heart suddenly sank painfully (D.). (When ), (to ), .
2. SPP with homogeneous subordination. Subordinate clauses refer to the same main word or to the entire main word and belong to the same structural-semantic type. Wherein subordinating conjunction, starting the second clause, may be missing.		Finally they reported that the samovar had been served and the priest was waiting in the dining room (S.-Shch.). [ ] , (What )And ()
3. SPP with heterogeneous (parallel) subordination. Subordinate clauses include: 1) to different words of the main sentence or one part to the entire main sentence, and the other to one of its words; 2) to one word, but differ in their structural and semantic types.		I remember the sun, which suddenly illuminated the room when the curtains were raised, and the crackling stove, which someone flooded... (D.). [ , (When ), ] , (which ).

Table 16 15

Non-union complex sentences

BSP type	Example
BSP with enumeration value According to their meanings, they are divided into two groups: 1) with the meaning of simultaneity of the listed events; 2) with the meaning of their sequence.	The officers hurriedly drank tea and had breakfast, the soldiers chewed crackers... (L.T.). The massive door with bronze lion faces immediately swung open and a doorman in a rich livery with gold braid looked out (B.A.)
BSP with mapping value In them, the message contained in the first part is compared with the message contained in the second part (or contrasted with it).	At the Olmut show he was more majestic, here he was more cheerful and energetic (L. T.).
BSP with explanation value In such sentences, the first part often includes the words next, only one or demonstrative words like that, like that.	The office has also changed: the comfortable leather chairs have disappeared, replaced by three rows simple chairs, and there were two school boards against the wall... (B.A.).
BSP with conditionally investigative and temporary meaning If the predicates of the predicative parts in such sentences are expressed by forms of the subjunctive mood, then the sentence has the meaning of unreal conditionality. If the predicates of the predicative parts are expressed by forms of the indicative mood, then the sentence has the meaning of real possibility. A special subgroup consists of sentences with a generalized meaning. Parts of these sentences have a generalized personal form or predicates - infinitives.	If you want to drink, I’ll give you some water... (S.-Shch.). If you hurry, you will make people laugh (last).
BSP with reason value in the second part.	At the first moment I was overcome with burning disappointment: there was no one in the room (B.A.).
BSP with consequence value in the second part. At the beginning of part 2 the particle can be used So, adverbs therefore, that's why.	I am the least of all: that is why he torments me.
BSP with explanatory-objective meaning The first part contains a word with the meaning of perception of speech, thought, feeling or word, indicating these processes, and the second part expresses the object of these processes and reveals their content.	One thing I know for sure is that the creations of the hands and heart make a person omnipotent, omnipotent and immortal (Weiners).

1Types of integral phrases are given according to the book

2Types of sentences according to the nature of predicative relations are given according to the book Lekant P. A. Syntax simple sentence in modern Russian language. M., 2004.

3Functional types of sentences are given according to the book Lekant P. A. Syntax of a simple sentence in modern Russian. M., 2004.

4Subject types are given according to the book Lekant P. A. Syntax of a simple sentence in modern Russian. M., 2004.

5Types of predicate are given according to the book Lekant P. A. Syntax of a simple sentence in modern Russian. M., 2004.

6Types of predicate are given according to the book Lekant P. A. Syntax of a simple sentence in modern Russian. M., 2004.

7The types of predicate are given according to the book Lekant P. A. Syntax of a simple sentence in modern Russian. M., 2004.

8Types of DSPP are given according to the book Lekant P. A. Syntax of a simple sentence in modern Russian. M., 2004.

9Types of minor members of a sentence are given according to the book

10Types of verbal OSPP are given according to the book Lekant P. A. Syntax of a simple sentence in modern Russian. M., 2004.

11Types of nominal OSPP are given according to the book Lekant P. A. Syntax of a simple sentence in modern Russian. M., 2004.

12Types of compound sentences are given according to the book

13Types of IBS of undivided structure are given according to the book Russian grammar. M., 1980, vol. 2

14Types of IPS of dismembered structure are given according to the book Modern Russian language. At 3. Part 3. Syntax. Punctuation – V.V. Babaytseva, L.Yu. Maksimov. – M., 1987.

15Types of non-union complex sentences are given according to the book Modern Russian language. At 3. Part 3. Syntax. Punctuation – V.V. Babaytseva, L.Yu. Maksimov. – M., 1987.

Slide 1

Complex sentences with several subordinate clauses

Slide 2

Let's get acquainted with polynomial sentences;
Let's consider varieties of SPPs with several subordinate clauses;
Let's draw diagrams of SPPs with several subordinate clauses.
Today we…

Slide 3

Subordinate parts in the ppt allow you to disclose and supplement the information that is reported in the main part.

Slide 4

Instructions for making an extended statement
1. Take a simple sentence.
main part
2. Add to it a subordinate clause with the desired meaning.
Attention! The subordinate clause can be attached both to the entire main sentence and to a separate word in its composition!
,
Subordinate clause
.

Slide 5

If you want to make your statement more complex and detailed...
1. Take the HOS.
main part
2. Add another subordinate clause to it.
,
Prid. part 1
3. And one more.
4. Repeat until the statement is sufficiently developed.
Prid. part 2
,
Prid. part 4
,
Prid. Part 3
.
,

Slide 6

Complex sentence with several subordinate clauses called polynomial.
Three main groups of SPPs with several subordinate clauses can be distinguished.
How do they relate to each other?
What do they refer to?
What type of subordinate clauses?

Slide 7

Homogeneous Subordination
1. All parts are attached to one sentence or one word.

Slide 8

As with homogeneous members of a sentence!
Homogeneous Subordination
2. All parts answer the same question (they are parts of the same type).
I found out what we did in class and what we were assigned for homework.
What?
What?
Notice! Unions can be different!
I found out what we did in class and what rule needs to be repeated.
I learned where to find information and how to write an essay.

Slide 9

As with homogeneous members of a sentence!
Homogeneous Subordination
3. There can be a coordinating conjunction between the parts.
What?
What?
Notice! In a coordinating conjunction, there is no comma between the parts!
I found out what we did in class and what we were assigned for homework.

Slide 10

NGN schemes with homogeneous subordination
I found out what we did in class and what we were assigned for homework.
,
What
What
.
And
,
What
What
.
And
[ch. ], (which is a conjunction) and (which is a conjunction).

Slide 11

1. Subordinate clauses of different types (answer different questions).
For what?
What?
explanatory
goals

Slide 12

Heterogeneous (parallel) subordination
2. Subordinate clauses refer to one sentence.
To prepare for the lesson, I found out what we were assigned for homework.
For what?
What?
(Subordinate clauses can be of the same type, but refer to different words in the main sentence.)
I found out what we were assigned to do at home and said that I would definitely prepare.
What?
What?
explanatory

Slide 13

SPP schemes with heterogeneous (parallel) subordination
To prepare for the lesson, I found out what we were assigned for homework.
,
to
What
.
,
to
What
.
(to - conjunction), [ch. ], (which is a conjunction).
,
,

Slide 14

Homogeneous and heterogeneous subordination have common features.
Homogeneous Subordination
Heterogeneous Subordination
Subordinate clauses are added to the main clause.
SUBMISSION

Slide 15

Consistent submission
1. Each new subordinate clause is subordinate to the previous one.
I found out that we were reviewing the topic we learned last week.
What?
Which one?
Subordinate clauses can be either one type or different types.

Slide 16

Here are two roosters, Who wake up that shepherd, Who scolds the strict cowshed, Who milks the hornless cow, Who kicked the old dog without a tail, Who rips the cat by the scruff of the neck, Who scares and catches the tit, Who often steals wheat, Which is kept in a dark closet In the house , which Jack built.
Which?
Consistent submission
Which one?
Which?
Which one?
Which one?
Which one?
Which one?
Which one?

An IPP can have more than one subordinate clause. In this case, it is important to understand how all the parts of a complex sentence are related to each other, what obeys what. Three types are possible:

1) consistent submission,
2) parallel subordination,
3) homogeneous subordination.