Presentation "class insects". Presentation on the topic "Introduction to insects" Lifestyle and external structure
Black beetle
The black cockroach lives in human dwellings.
Settles in warm and dark places.
Active at night: dispatches in the dark
in search of food.
Body length up to 4 cm.
External structure
The cockroach's body is covered with hard chitinous
cover - the exoskeleton.
The surface layers consist of special proteins
and waxy substances that increase
strength and waterproof.
The body of the cockroach is divided into the head,
chest and abdomen.
There are three pairs of legs on the chest.
Legs are used only for walking and running,
Therefore, legs of this type are called running legs.
On the last two thoracic segments there are two pairs
Male representatives of the cockroach family
have more developed wings and, if necessary,
can fly short distances.
The head contains compound eyes, two long antennae and mouthparts.
The cockroach has gnawing type mouthparts
The bee has a gnawing-licking type
The mosquito has a piercing-sucking type
The fly has a filter type
The butterfly has a sucking type
The oral organs consist of:
- upper and lower lip
- upper and lower jaw
Nervous system and sensory organs
The cockroach's organs of vision are two large ones.
complex compound eyes and three simple eyes.
The antennae contain the organs of touch and smell.
central nervous system :
1 - suprapharyngeal node
2 - subpharyngeal node
3 - 5 thoracic nodes
6 - 11 abdominal nodes
Digestive and Excretory System
1 – salivary glands
2 – esophagus
4 - pyloric appendages
5 - midgut
6 – Malpighian vessels
7 – hindgut
8 – rectum
The respiratory system is represented by tracheas.
They begin with small holes - spiracles,
located on the sides of the abdomen.
Cockroaches periodically contract their abdomen
and ventilate the trachea.
Circulatory system
Circulatory system insects is not closed.
It consists of a dorsal vessel, which
located along the body.
The dorsal vessel is divided into a posterior section, the heart, and an anterior section, the aorta.
The blood of insects or hemolymph is colored yellowish or greenish, or colorless.
Reproduction
Cockroaches, like other insects, are dioecious.
Fertilization is internal.
The eggs are packed in special capsules (packages).
Presentation for a lesson on the topic "Diversity of insects"
- Prepared by a biology teacher
- Rusina E.V.
- MAOU gymnasium No. 111
- Ufa, Kalininsky district, Republic of Belarus
- The motto of the lesson is “Observe, don’t be scared, be surprised, admire!”
- "About many six-legged creatures,
- The beautiful and the wretched
- We to each of you
- Let's tell you without embellishment"
- Spiders are wingless insects. (No)
- Insects live not only on land, but also in water. (Yes)
- The largest insects are inhabitants of the tropics. (Yes)
- Insects have legs on their chest and abdomen. (No)
- Insects eat everything, and some of them eat feathers, wool, wood and plastic. (Yes)
- Adult insects living in water have developed gill respiration. (No)
- The blood of insects flows only through blood vessels. (No)
- The most numerous order of insects are beetles. (Yes)
- Most insects are pests. (No)
- The main respiratory organs of insects are the trachea. (Yes)
- The blood fluid of insects (hemolymph) is red. (No)
- Adult insects breathe atmospheric air. (Yes)
- The cabbage butterfly feeds on the nectar of flowers. (Yes)
- Mosquitoes have chewing mouthparts. (No)
- Most insects have a tubular heart. (Yes)
- The excretory organs of insects are the kidneys. (No)
- In all insects, males and females cannot be distinguished. (No)
- Insect antennae are olfactory organs. (Yes)
- 2, 8, 3, 5, 4, 10, 9, 7
- I love cruciferous plants, their smell just makes me go crazy.
- This is why people don't like me.
- Everything strives to destroy the clutches of my eggs and my larvae - caterpillars
- I am handsome! And also medicinal. In the old days, they made an excellent diuretic out of me and my brothers.
- In those good old days, you could often see me in the circus: of course, because I am the smartest and most trainable.
- Even if you don’t invite me to dinner, I won’t be long in coming, all I need is a few bread crumbs or poorly washed plates; at worst, I can make do with paper.
- We are omnivores, we love ripe berries and fruits, animals, some smaller ones, in extreme cases - just greens.
- We hold records for long and high jumps.
- We are musicians, we are called “violinists”
- Zlatki
- Hercules beetle
- Brazilian stick insect
- "The best of the best!"
- "The best of the best!"
- Butterfly agrippina
- Dragonfly
- Silkworm
- "The best of the best!"
- Flea
- Bees
- Hawk Moth
- 1. Orthoptera - cockchafer
- 2. Homoptera - fly
- 3. Coleoptera - locust
- 4. Lepidoptera - aphids
- 5. Diptera - bee
- 6. Hymenoptera - urticaria butterfly
- 1. Orthoptera - locusts
- 2. Homoptera - aphids
- 3. Coleoptera - cockchafer
- 4. Lepidoptera - women. hives
- 5. Diptera - fly
- 6. Hymenoptera - bee
- Kingdom: Animals
- Type: arthropod
- Class: insects
- Order: Diptera
- Genus: fly
- Species: housefly
- Kingdom: Animals
- Type: arthropod
- Class: insects
- Order: Hymenoptera
- Genus: bee
- Species: honey bee
- Kingdom: Animals
- Type: arthropod
- Class: insects
- Order: Coleoptera
- Genus: beetle
- Species: swimming beetle
- Thank you for your attention!
MKOU "Secondary School No. 7" IMRSC Smertina V.N.
- Give general knowledge about the life of ants, the honey bee and the silkworm.
- Instill in students a love of nature.
Class Insects
Without exaggeration, large anthills can be called “fertility factories.” Near anthills, pine trees grow faster, the grass stand is taller and thicker, and plants that require soil fertility, such as oaks, appear.
1. Covering with needles and twigs. Protects the home from the vicissitudes of the weather, repaired and updated by working ants.
2. "Solarium" - a chamber heated by the rays of the sun. In the spring, the inhabitants come here to warm themselves.
3. One of the entrances. Guarded by soldiers. Serves as a ventilation duct.
4. "Cemetery". Worker ants carry dead ants and garbage here.
5. Wintering chamber. Insects gather here to survive the cold in a state of semi-hibernation.
6. "Bread barn". This is where ants store grains.
7. The royal chamber, where the queen lives, laying up to one and a half thousand eggs per day. She is looked after by worker ants.
8. Chambers with eggs, larvae and pupae.
9. "Cowshed" where the ants are kept aphids.
10. “Meat pantry”, where foragers bring caterpillars and other prey.
- -hunters
- -nannies
- -builders
- -farmers
- -guards
- - "cattle breeders"
- -pickers fell
- -seed collectors
- Female queens
- Males
Bullet Ant withstands temperatures that are lethal to other insects
The mixture of acids that pharaoh ants secrete is lethal to bed bugs. Therefore, in an apartment heavily infested with pharaoh ants, bedbugs almost always die out.
Scientists have calculated that red forest ants, living in a large anthill, on average bring into it up to 21 thousand different caterpillars and pupae of pests in one summer day. But in general, such an anthill protects
about 1 ha
coniferous forest.
Reaper Ants famous for their huge food reserves in anthills. For the winter, they can collect up to a kilogram of seeds and dead insects in the nest.
Bulldog Ants- one of the most large ants in the world. The length of a worker ant can reach 3 cm.
Leaf-cutter ants are one of the few creatures in the world that engage in agriculture, and at a very high technological level. Working ants of these species gnaw off pieces of leaves, take them to the anthill, where these leaves are chewed by other ants, mixed with saliva and infected with spores of a special fungus.
Termites- storm wooden buildings And real threat human life. Mighty trees struck by these insects crumble before our eyes with one small shock.
All bees- excellent travelers. They unerringly find their way back home, even after flying 8 kilometers away from it.
The weight of a normal bee swarm reaches 7-8 kg, and it consists of 50-60 thousand bees. This bee collective has 2-3 kg of honey in its crops. In case of inclement weather, the bees will be able to feed on the supply of honey for
Silkworm received the name "mulberry", because its caterpillars eat mulberry leaves.
- Silk thread is obtained from the cocoon of the silkworm - it is simply twisted, and the cocoon itself is used for cosmetic purposes (creams and lotions).
- One insect cocoon produces up to 1000 meters of silk thread.
Sources
- http://www.wwalls.ru/large/201210/45995.jpg picture to create a background and frame
- http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/6206/90468072.428/0_7e094_d708fe31_XL.jpg plant
- http://img1.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/c/3/83/444/83444169_large_0_540ae_8b91a803_L.png ladybug on a piece of paper
- http://img0.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/c/3/83/444/83444166_large_0_540ab_1092d7c6_L.png ladybug
- http://www.renders-graphiques.fr/image/upload/normal/gouttes-2.png water drops
- The template is made in the program Adobe Photoshop .
Slide 2
Class insects
The class insects unites the most advanced arthropods. More than 1 million species are known.
Slide 3
Structure
- Head. The head contains 5-6 segments, usually practically fused with each other. They can be difficult to distinguish from each other, although they sometimes differ in color.
- The thorax of insects consists of three separate segments, with the exception of representatives of the suborder Stalk-bellied; in them the first two segments can be distinguished, and the third merges with the first segment of the abdomen.
- Abdomen. The abdomen has 10-11 segments, but there may be fewer visible segments, since sometimes they are transformed into other structures or lost for the second time; minimal amount- 4. Visible segments are usually clearly distinguishable from each other.
Slide 4
- The body of insects consists of three sections - head, thorax and abdomen. On the head there are a pair of compound eyes and one pair of antennae, on the chest there are three pairs of legs and (in most) wings; there are no legs on the abdomen. Chitinous covers protect insects' bodies well from water. Insects breathe using tracheas. The circulatory system is not closed; the nervous system consists of the peripharyngeal ring and the ventral nerve cord.
Slide 5
Slide 6
Lifestyle and external structure
- The black cockroach (body length up to 4 cm) lives in human dwellings. Here he settles to warm and dark places. Active at night: in the dark it goes in search of food. In many places, the black cockroach has been replaced by the smaller red cockroach, or Prusak.
- The flat body of the cockroach is covered with a hard chitinous covering - the exoskeleton. The surface layers of this cover consist of special proteins and wax-like substances that increase mechanical strength and do not allow water to pass through.
Slide 7
- The body of a cockroach is divided into head, chest and abdomen. On the chest (which has three segments) there are three pairs of legs (Fig.) The legs are used only for walking and running, which is why legs of this type are called running legs.
- Structure of insects: A - external structure black cockroach body: 1 - antennae; 2 - leg; 3 — wing; B - limbs various insects: 1 - cockroach; 2 - mole crickets; 3 - praying mantis; 4 - grasshopper; 5 - swimming beetle
Slide 8
Digestive system
The digestive system consists of the mouth opening, the oral cavity (the ducts of the salivary glands enter here), the pharynx, the esophagus, the crop, the chewing stomach (here food is ground by chitinous teeth), the midgut (here food is digested and absorbed), the hindgut and the anus. Between the stomach and midgut there are special, blind outgrowths in which food is absorbed. Cockroaches are omnivorous and in human homes they eat a wide variety of food products, leftovers and waste food, leather goods, book bindings, indoor plants.
Slide 9
Internal structure black cockroach: 1 - esophagus; 2 - stomach; 3 - blind processes of the intestine; 4 - malpignan vessels; 5 - ovary; 6 - nerve nodes; 7 - salivary
Slide 10
Internal structure
Butterflies have a perfect nervous system and sensory organs, thanks to which they are perfectly oriented in their surroundings and quickly respond to danger signals. The nervous system, like that of all arthropods, consists of a peripharyngeal ring and a ventral nerve cord. In the head as a result of the merging of clusters nerve cells the brain is formed. This system controls all movements of the butterfly, except for such involuntary functions as blood circulation, digestion, and breathing. Researchers believe that these functions are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system.
1- excretory organs2- mid-intestine3- goiter4- heart5- foregut6- large intestine7- genitals8- nerve ganglion9- brain
Slide 11
Respiratory system
The respiratory system is represented by tracheas - thin tubes. They begin with small holes - spiracles, located on the sides of the abdomen. The trachea in the insect's body are highly branched and deliver air oxygen directly to all internal organs and fabrics. Carbon dioxide is removed through the trachea. Cockroaches periodically contract their abdomen and ventilate their trachea.
Slide 12
Circulatory system
- The circulatory system is not closed.
- The body cavity, as in crustaceans and arachnids, is formed by the fusion of the primary and secondary cavities and is called mixed.
- Hemolymph flows not only through the vessels, but also in the cavities of the body, washing various organs and transmitting to them nutrients, while being saturated with waste products. Hemolymph does not participate in gas exchange - the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide, since this function is performed by the trachea. On the dorsal side of the cockroach is the heart, which looks like a long, muscular tube with holes on the sides. Hemolymph enters the heart through these openings and flows through it from the posterior to the anterior end.
Slide 13
Excretory system
The excretory system, like that of arachnids, is represented by Malpighian vessels - bundles of tubes blindly closed from the side of the body cavity, which open into the intestine. Metabolic products are filtered by the walls of the Malpighian vessels from the body cavity.
Slide 14
Nervous system
- The nervous system is represented by a large suprapharyngeal ganglion (often called the brain), a subpharyngeal ganglion and a ventral nerve cord. Nerves extend from the cephalic ganglion to the eyes and other sensory organs.
- The sense organs are well developed. The cockroach's organs of vision are two large compound compound eyes and three simple ocelli. The antennae contain the organs of touch and smell. There are also heat-sensitive organs that sense changes in temperature. The taste organs are located on the mouth parts.
Slide 15
Reproduction
- Reproduction. Cockroaches, like other insects, are dioecious. Reproductive system females consist of ovaries (here the formation of eggs occurs) and oviducts. The male has two testes, two vas deferens and an unpaired ejaculatory duct. Fertilization is internal. The eggs are packed in special capsules (packages). Female black cockroaches lay capsules in various secluded places, and female red cockroaches carry capsules at the end of their abdomen for up to 40 days - until small cockroaches hatch from the eggs.
- The body of insects is divided into a head, thorax and abdomen, they have a pair of antennae, three pairs of legs and one or two pairs of wings; the circulatory system is not closed. Insects are the most highly organized and numerous arthropods; they have the most advanced nervous system and sensory organs.
Slide 16
Sense organs
Insects, like other multicellular organisms, have many different receptors or sensilla that are sensitive to certain stimuli. Insect receptors are very diverse. Insects have mechanoreceptors (auditory receptors, proprioceptors), photoreceptors, thermoreceptors, and chemoreceptors. With their help, insects capture radiation energy in the form of heat and light, mechanical vibrations, including a wide range of sounds, mechanical pressure, gravity, concentration of water vapor and volatile substances in the air, as well as many other factors. Insects have a developed sense of smell and taste. Mechanoreceptors are trichoid sensilla that perceive tactile stimuli. Some sensilla can detect the slightest vibrations in the air around the insect, while others signal the position of body parts relative to each other. Air receptors perceive the speed and direction of air flows near the insect and regulate flight speed.
Slide 17
Vision
- Vision plays an important role in the life of some insects, especially diurnal, flying and predatory ones, however, they are also myopic - their area of precise vision does not exceed a few centimeters.
- They cannot focus their eyes to accurately determine the shape of objects, but they perfectly track movement and distinguish colors, and colors that are different from us: they see ultraviolet - its different shades, a whole rainbow inaccessible to us in the invisible spectrum
1 slide
Presentation on the topic: “Insects” Completed by: 7th grade student Giniyatullina Danila Zelenoroshchinskaya Secondary School
2 slide
Class insects The class insects unites the most advanced arthropods. More than 1 million species are known.
3 slide
Structure of the Head. The head contains 5-6 segments, usually practically fused with each other. They can be difficult to distinguish from each other, although they sometimes differ in color. The thorax of insects consists of three separate segments, with the exception of representatives of the suborder Stalk-bellied; in them the first two segments can be distinguished, and the third merges with the first segment of the abdomen. Abdomen. The abdomen has 10-11 segments, but there may be fewer visible segments, since sometimes they are transformed into other structures or lost for the second time; the minimum number is 4. Visible segments are usually clearly distinguishable from each other.
4 slide
The body of insects consists of three sections - head, thorax and abdomen. On the head there is a pair of compound eyes and one pair of antennae, on the chest there are three pairs of legs and (in most) wings; there are no legs on the abdomen. Chitinous covers protect insects' bodies well from water. Insects breathe using tracheas. The circulatory system is not closed; the nervous system consists of the peripharyngeal ring and the ventral nerve cord.
5 slide
6 slide
Lifestyle and external structure The black cockroach (body length up to 4 cm) lives in human dwellings. Here he settles in warm and dark places. Active at night: in the dark it goes in search of food. In many places, the black cockroach has been replaced by the smaller red cockroach, or Prusak. The flat body of the cockroach is covered with a hard chitinous covering - the exoskeleton. The surface layers of this cover consist of special proteins and wax-like substances that increase mechanical strength and do not allow water to pass through.
7 slide
The body of a cockroach is divided into head, chest and abdomen. On the chest (which has three segments) there are three pairs of legs (Fig.) The legs are used only for walking and running, which is why legs of this type are called running legs. Structure of insects: A - external structure of the body of a black cockroach: 1 - antennae; 2 - leg; 3 - wing; B - limbs of various insects: 1 - cockroach; 2 - mole crickets; 3 - praying mantis; 4 - grasshopper; 5 - swimming beetle
8 slide
Digestive system The digestive system consists of the mouth opening, the oral cavity (the ducts of the salivary glands enter here), the pharynx, the esophagus, the crop, the chewing stomach (here food is ground with chitinous teeth), the midgut (here food is digested and absorbed), the hindgut and the anus holes. Between the stomach and midgut there are special, blind outgrowths in which food is absorbed. Cockroaches are omnivores and in human homes they eat a wide variety of food products, leftovers and waste of food, leather goods, book bindings, and indoor plants.
Slide 9
Internal structure of a black cockroach: 1 - esophagus; 2 - stomach; 3 - blind processes of the intestine; 4 - malpignan vessels; 5 - ovary; 6 - nerve nodes; 7 - salivary
10 slide
Internal structure Butterflies have a perfect nervous system and sensory organs, thanks to which they are perfectly oriented in their surroundings and quickly respond to danger signals. The nervous system, like that of all arthropods, consists of a peripharyngeal ring and a ventral nerve cord. In the head, as a result of the fusion of clusters of nerve cells, the brain is formed. This system controls all movements of the butterfly, except for such involuntary functions as blood circulation, digestion, and breathing. Researchers believe that these functions are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system. 1- excretory organs 2- mid-intestine 3- goiter 4- heart 5- foregut 6- large intestine 7- genitals 8- nerve ganglion 9- brain
11 slide
Respiratory system The respiratory system is represented by tracheas - thin tubes. They begin with small holes - spiracles, located on the sides of the abdomen. The trachea in the insect's body are highly branched and deliver air oxygen directly to all internal organs and tissues. Carbon dioxide is removed through the trachea. Cockroaches periodically contract their abdomen and ventilate their trachea.
12 slide
Circulatory system The circulatory system is not closed. The body cavity, as in crustaceans and arachnids, is formed by the fusion of the primary and secondary cavities and is called mixed. Hemolymph flows not only through the vessels, but also in the cavities of the body, washing various organs and transferring nutrients to them, while being saturated with waste products. Hemolymph does not participate in gas exchange - the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide, since this function is performed by the trachea. On the dorsal side of the cockroach is the heart, which looks like a long, muscular tube with holes on the sides. Hemolymph enters the heart through these openings and flows through it from the posterior to the anterior end.
Slide 13
Excretory system The excretory system, like that of arachnids, is represented by Malpighian vessels - bundles of tubes blindly closed from the side of the body cavity, which open into the intestine. Metabolic products are filtered by the walls of the Malpighian vessels from the body cavity.
Slide 14
Nervous system The nervous system is represented by a large suprapharyngeal ganglion (often called the brain), a subpharyngeal ganglion and a ventral nerve cord. Nerves extend from the cephalic ganglion to the eyes and other sensory organs. The sense organs are well developed. The cockroach's organs of vision are two large compound compound eyes and three simple ocelli. The antennae contain the organs of touch and smell. There are also heat-sensitive organs that sense changes in temperature. The taste organs are located on the mouth parts.
15 slide
Reproduction Reproduction. Cockroaches, like other insects, are dioecious. The female reproductive system consists of the ovaries (here the formation of eggs occurs) and oviducts. The male has two testes, two vas deferens and an unpaired ejaculatory duct. Fertilization is internal. The eggs are packed in special capsules (packages). Female black cockroaches lay capsules in various secluded places, and female red cockroaches carry capsules at the end of their abdomen for up to 40 days - until the time when small cockroaches hatch from the eggs. The body of insects is divided into a head, thorax and abdomen, they have a pair of antennae, three pairs of legs and one or two pairs of wings; the circulatory system is not closed. Insects are the most highly organized and numerous arthropods; they have the most advanced nervous system and sensory organs.
16 slide
Sense organs Insects, like other multicellular organisms, have many different receptors or sensilla that are sensitive to certain stimuli. Insect receptors are very diverse. Insects have mechanoreceptors (auditory receptors, proprioceptors), photoreceptors, thermoreceptors, and chemoreceptors. With their help, insects capture radiation energy in the form of heat and light, mechanical vibrations, including a wide range of sounds, mechanical pressure, gravity, concentration of water vapor and volatile substances in the air, as well as many other factors. Insects have a developed sense of smell and taste. Mechanoreceptors are trichoid sensilla that perceive tactile stimuli. Some sensilla can detect the slightest vibrations in the air around the insect, while others signal the position of body parts relative to each other. Air receptors perceive the speed and direction of air flows near the insect and regulate flight speed.
Slide 17
Vision Vision plays an important role in the life of some insects, especially diurnal, flying and predatory ones, however, they are also myopic - their area of precise vision does not exceed a few centimeters. They cannot focus their eyes to accurately determine the shape of objects, but they perfectly track movement and distinguish colors, and colors that are different from us: they see ultraviolet - its different shades, a whole rainbow inaccessible to us in the invisible spectrum
