Sentence with to talk to. Phrasal verbs that are not taught at TO TALK school. Grammar of English phrasal verbs

Many phrasal verbs are ambiguous: pick up chicks - 1) pick up chickens from the floor, 2) “pick up” girls.

Phrasal verbs in English (phrasal verbs) - a problematic topic, like or, and problematic not only for beginners. One of the difficulties associated with them is which phrasal verbs to learn first.

What are phrasal verbs?

A phrasal verb is a combination of a verb and 1) an adverb, 2) a preposition, 3) an adverb and a preposition. This is an integral semantic unit that should be perceived as one word, and not a combination of words. Often the meaning of a phrasal verb is far from the meaning of each word included in it individually.

1. Verb + adverb:

I asked around but no one has seen Johnny. - I asked people, but no one saw Johnny.

2. Verb + preposition:

The movie is coming out this summer. - Movie comes out this summer.

3. Verb + adverb + preposition:

We are looking forward to your reply. - We look forward to your answer.

It is also sometimes said that a phrasal verb consists of a verb and one or two particles, meaning by particles a preposition and an adverb.

Features of phrasal verbs

It is important to understand that a phrasal verb is a word, and not a combination of two or three words, that is, its meaning is not equal to the sum of the meanings of the words included in it.

Let's take a phrasal verb go out. Individually the words mean the following: go- go, out- out, out. It can be assumed, that go out- this is “coming out from somewhere.” In fact go out- this is going somewhere for a walk, having fun.

Sheila is going to go out with her college friends tonight. – Sheila is going out tonight go somewhere with friends from college.

Moreover, go out with in a certain context it is dating someone, being in a romantic relationship.

Sheila is still going out with Daniel. – Sheila is still meets with Daniel.

Another difficulty with phrasal verbs is that they are often ambiguous (just like ordinary words). At the verb go out There is another meaning, which, however, is less common in colloquial speech:

The lights go out at eleven. - Light turns off at eleven o'clock.

Combinations “verb + preposition” are not always a phrasal verb; there are also prepositional verbs (), such as depend on – depend on, be afraid of – be afraid of something. Their meaning can usually be guessed from the verb. I talked more about prepositions and the constructions in which they are used in this video:

Why you need to know phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs are very common in spoken language. Without understanding them, at least the basic ones, you will not understand native speakers well. By the way, non-native English speakers often avoid phrasal verbs, replacing them with one-word synonyms (“contuniue” instead of “go on”), so it is easier to communicate with them.

In general, to speak and express thoughts, many phrasal verbs are optional. Yes, they make speech livelier, more conversational, shorter, but often they can be replaced with synonyms or circumvented by expressing it in some other way. Phrasal verbs need to be known first of all in order to understand live speech.

How to learn phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs, like any words, can be taught in different ways: etc. - this is more a matter of personal preference rather than the effectiveness of a particular technique. The most important thing is that phrasal verbs need to be memorized, taking into account their context.

There are words, say, the names of household items, that are perfectly remembered without context. Microwave in any context microwave. This trick will not work with phrasal verbs; their meaning is clear only in context, and they are remembered much better when there is an example before your eyes. That is why I have prepared a list of phrasal verbs with examples - examples will help you understand and remember them better.

Another tip for memorizing phrasal verbs: don't be afraid of them. Yes, there are many of them, but they are often found in speech (in speech more often than in texts), so if you watch, listen to programs, talk, you will quickly learn the main verbs due to their frequency.

List: phrasal verbs with examples and translation + cards

The list I offer is based on common sense and personal experience - these are the phrasal verbs that I think are most useful to know. Below you will also find a short summary of this list of just 30 words. Abbreviations smb And smt stand for somebody(someone) and something(something). I have written more detailed articles about some verbs with phrasal verbs, idioms, useful expressions, you will find links below.

In addition, I recommend you video lessons and exercises on Puzzle English. There is a series of lessons on phrasal verbs, and in the exercises you need to assemble sentences by choosing the right words.

Exercises on phrasal verbs in Puzzle English

Ask

• ask smb out- invite you on a date

John asked Nancy out to (for) dinner. – John invited Nancy for lunch.

Did that nice young man ask you out?- This nice young man asked you out on a date?

• ask around– ask people, ask a question to several people

I asked around but nobody knew how to find that hotel. - I asked people, but no one knows how to find this hotel.

What? Sorry, I haven’t seen your cat. Ask around. - What? Sorry, I didn't see your cat. Ask people.

Be

• be after- try to get something, find something

What are you after in that room? There's nothing in there. - What you trying to find in this room? There's nothing here.

I don't know what he is after. - I do not know what he needs.

• be away (to somewhere)– to be absent, to be in another place

The Johnson's were away all last week to Mexico. – The Johnson family all last week was away in Mexico.

• be on/off– be on, off (about the device)

Is the robot still on?– The robot is still included?

The lights are off in the building. – Light in the building switched off.

Blow

• blow up- explode

Cars don't blow up like they do in movies. - Cars are not explode like in the movies.

Break

• break up– to separate (about lovers)

Jack and Helen broke up finally. – Jack and Helen finally broke up.

• break down– to break down (for example, about a car)

Can you give me a ride? My car broke down. -Can you give me a ride? My car broke.

• break in- break in

The police broke in and arrested everyone. – Police broke in and everyone was arrested.

• break out- escape, escape

The movie is about a guy who broke out of jail. - A film about a guy, escaped from prison.

Bring

• bring along- bring someone with you

He brought along his son to the football match. - He brought with him son to a football match.

• bring over- bring something to someone, take something with you

Jack brought over a new videogame and we played it together. – Jack brought with me a new video game and we played it together.

• bring up– 1) mention something in a conversation, raise a topic, 2) educate, raise children

I didn't want to bring up business at lunch. - I did not want mention about business at lunch.

His grandmother brought him up.- His raised grandmother.

Call

• call (smb) back– call back

I’ve been to ten job interviews, you know what they all said? We'll call you back. – I went to ten interviews, do you know what they all told me? We will help you We'll call you back.

• call by- come in for a while, visit

I wanted to call by on my way home. - I wanted come in to you on the way home.

Calm

• calm (smb) down- calm down, calm someone down

Calm down, everything is going to be just fine. – Calm down everything will be just fine.

The nurse came up to the little girl and calmed her down. – The nurse approached the little girl and calmed her down.

Chip

• chip in- chip in money

I'm gonna order a pizza, let's chip in. - I'll order pizza, let's go Let's chip in.

They each chipped in ten dollars to buy a present. - They all chipped in$10 each to buy a gift.

Count

• count on (rely on)- rely on someone

You can count on my friend, he always keeps his word. - You can rely on to my friend, he always keeps his word.

Check

• check in/out- check in, check out of a hotel

We checked in on Saturday, and we check out on Tuesday. - We let's settle down(at the hotel) on Saturday, and let's move out on Tuesday.

• check with= agree with someone, get approval

He doesn't need to check with his wife to make sure they don’t have other plans. - He needs consult (agree) with his wife to make sure they have no other plans.

Come

• come across (run across)- to stumble upon something, someone, to meet by chance

I came across my ex-wife in the grocery store. - I accidentally I stumbled at his ex-wife at the grocery store.

• come back- come back

He's gone. But he promised to come back. - He left. But he promised return.

• come up to smb/smt- approach someone or something

She came up to me and asked if I was lost. - She came up to me and asked if I was lost.

• come up with smt- come up with a solution, find an idea

And then all of a sudden Mary came up with her brilliant plan. “And then all of a sudden Mary came up with it your brilliant plan.

Just come up with something. - Just come up with anything (solution).

• come from- to be from somewhere

Where do you come from? – Where You?

She comes from Spain. - She from Spain.

• come off- fall off

Old paint has come off the wall. – Old paint fell off from the wall.

• come out– 1) come out (about a film, book) 2) open up (about a secret)

When is your new book coming out? - When comes out your new book?

It came out that the picture was fake. – It revealed, that the picture was fake.

• come over– come to someone (usually home)

My parents are gone for a business trip, come over. - My parents went on a business trip, come to me.

• Come on!– an expression with meanings: 1) come on! (encouraging) 2) let's go! hurry up! 3) stop it already! (well that's enough for you, come on)

Come on, guys, you can do it! – Let's, guys, you can do it!

Come on, we need to hurry. – Went, we need to hurry.

Oh, come on, dad, I know there is no Santa. - Dad, well that's enough for you, I know there is no Santa.

• come around– 1) visit, stop by, 2) come to your senses after losing consciousness

I live just across the street, come around some time. - I live across the street come in somehow.

He was unconscious but the doctor made him come around. - He was unconscious, but the doctor brought him to his senses.

Cut

• cut down on smt– 1) cut back, reduce the consumption of something

We'll have to cut down on water if we want to last until help arrives. - We will have to reduce consumption water if we want to hold out until help arrives.

The gevernment is going to cut down on defense spending. – The government is meeting cut costs on defense.

• cut smt off– 1) cut something off, 2) isolate

Why did you cut the sleeves off?- Why do you cut off sleeves?

On this island, we are cut off from the rest of the world. - On this island we cut off from the rest of the world.

• cut smt out- cut something out

She cut out his picture from the magazine. - She cut out his photo from a magazine.

• cut in (front of smb)– cut off with a car, suddenly wedge in front of another car

The green Ford cut in front of us as if he owned the road! – Green Ford cut us off as if it were his road!

Deal

• deal with smt/smb- make business

I prefer to deal with the same representative each time. – I prefer every time make business with the same representative.

Dress

• dress up (as smb/smt)- to dress up, to dress beautifully or formally, to change into someone or something

You don't have to dress up to go to the mall, jeans and a T-shirt a fine. – You don’t need dress up for a shopping center, jeans and a T-shirt will do.

Ellie dressed up as a witch for Halloween. – Ellie dressed up as a witch on Halloween.

End

• end up- to end up in some place or situation

That's how I ended up in small this town. - That's how I am in the end it turned out in this city.

After such a brilliant career, he ended up selling second hand cars. – After such a brilliant career, he eventually became used car dealer.

Fall

• fall down- fall

My cat fell down from the balcony, but it’s ok. - My cat fell from the balcony, but he's fine.

• fall for smb- fall in love

Mike fell for Jane. – Mike fell in love in Jane.

• fall for smt- buy into a trick, believe in a deception

That's a stupid story, my wife will never fall for it.- This is a stupid story, my wife. never do this buy it.

• fall apart- fall apart

If we are talking about a person, then fall apart - it’s hard to experience something

How are you going to sell your house? It's falling apart. – How are you going to sell your house? He's the same falling apart.

After losing my job, I was falling apart. - After I lost my job, I was not himself(I was having a hard time).

• fall behind– to lag behind

To fall behind both physically, while moving, and figuratively, for example, behind schedule.

One of the tourists fell behind and got lost. - One of the tourists lagged behind and got lost.

We have to hurry, we are falling behind the schedule. - We need to hurry, we we're falling behind from the schedule.

Fill

• fill in/out- fill in the form)

There will be a lot of paperwork, you’ll have to read, fill in, sign hundreds of documents. - There will be a lot of paperwork, you will have to read, fill in, sign hundreds of documents.

• find out / figure out- find out, find out

I don’t’ know how it works but let’s figure it out. – I don’t know how it works, but let’s do it let's find out(we'll figure it out).

How did you find out where to find me? - How are you found out where can you find me?

Get

• get along with- to get along with someone, to be on good terms

In school, I didn't get along with my classmates. - I'm at school didn't get along with classmates.

• get through- call by phone

I called you twice but couldn’t get through. - I called you twice, but I couldn’t get through.

• get in- get into the car.

Hey, we gotta hurry! Get in! - Hey, we need to hurry! Get in the car!

He didn’t see the truck coming when we was getting in his car. “He didn’t see the truck coming when sat down in the car.

• get on– board a train, plane, ship, bus

I am afraid, we got on the wrong train. - I'm afraid that we sat down on the wrong train.

• get off– 1) get off transport (car, train, bus, etc.), 2) get off, take off something

I'm getting off here, see you later! - I'm here I'm going out see you!

Get your feet off my table! – Take it away your feet off my table!

• get up/down– rise, stand up/fall, bend down

The boxer got up and continued to fight. – Boxer got up and continued the fight.

When something exploded got down, but it was just a firework. - When something exploded, I crouched down but it was just fireworks.

• get away (with smt)- to avoid punishment for something

How to get away with murder. - How avoid punishment for murder.

• get over– 1) get over an obstacle, 2) cope with a problem, illness

The cat is so fat that it can’t get over a fence. - This cat is so fat that you can’t climb over over the fence.

If you have a problem, you have to get over it. – If you have a problem, you have to deal with it cope with.

Give

• give up– 1) give up, 2) stop doing something

Fight and never give up. - Fight and never give up.

I gave up smoking. - I quit(stop) smoking.

• give smt away– 1) to give away a secret, 2) to give away, to give away (for free)

Someone gave your little secret away.- Somebody told about your little secret.

The are giving away some unsold stuff. - They hand out some unsold items.

• give back- to return

You took my phone! Give it back!– You took my phone! Give it back his!

• give out– distribute, usually free of charge and to a large number of people

You can't just give out the candies, they are one dollar each. -You can't just do that distribute candies, they cost a dollar apiece.

Go

• go on (with smt)- continue doing something

Go on, please, I’m listening. – Carry on please, I'm listening.

After a short pause, Jane went on with her story. – After a short pause Jane continued your story.

• go out- go somewhere to have fun, take a walk

I go out with my friends every Friday night. - I I'm going somewhere with friends every Friday evening.

• go out with smb– dating someone, being in a romantic relationship

Are you still going out with Bob? -Are you still dating with Bob?

• go with– approach, combine, go towards something (about clothes, food)

These shoes don't go well with your pants. - These shoes are bad combine with your pants.

What wine goes with fish? – What kind of wine? fits to the fish?

• go back to- return to some activity

We went back to work after a short break. - We are back back to work after a short break.

• go down/up– shrink/increase

Are you expecting the prices to go down? Normally, they only go up.– Do you expect prices will they fall? Usually they only grow.

• go without smt- get by, cope without something

This time you'll have to go without my help. - This time you'll have to get by without my help.

Hand

• hand out- distribute to a group of people

Hand out the invitations to everyone. – Give it away invitations to everyone.

• hand in– hand in (e.g. homework)

You have to hand in your essay by Monday. - You must pass essay by Monday.

Grow

• grow up- grow up, become an adult

When I grow up, I want to be a doctor. – I want to become a doctor when I'll grow up.

• grow back- grow back, grow back

Don’t worry about your haircut, it’ll grow back. - Don't worry about your haircut, hair will grow back.

• grow out of smt- to grow out of something, to become too big or too old for it

My kids grew out of the clothes I had bought just a few months ago. - My children grew out of clothes, which I bought just a few months ago.

I grew out of cartoons. - I have already too old for cartoons.

Hang

• hang in- hold on, don’t lose heart

Hang in there! We're coming to rescue you. – Hold on! We are coming to help.

• hang out- hang out with someone, spend time

I'm gonna hang out with my friends today. - I'm going today hang out with friends.

• hang up- hang up, end the phone conversation

Wait! Don't hang up!- Wait! Don't hang up!

Note: pick up – pick up the phone.

Hold

• hold on– 1) please wait, 2) do not give up, hold on

Hold on, I forgot my phone. – Wait, I forgot my phone.

Hold on, guys, help is coming. – Hold on guys, help is on the way.

• hold it against smb- hold a grudge against someone

He lied to me but I don’t hold it against him.- He lied to me, but I I don't hold it against him for that.

• hold back- restrain physically

A seven nation army couldn’t hold me back. – The army of seven nations (countries) could not contain.

Hurry

• hurry up- hurry

You have to hurry up,we are almost late. - You need hurry, we're almost late.

Keep

• keep (on) doing smt- continue doing something

Instead of “doing” you can take another verb.

Keep on stirring until it boils. – Keep stirring until it boils.

Keep going, keep going. – Go-go(let's go, let's go).

• keep smt from smb- keep something secret from someone

You can't keep your death from your family. - You can not hide your illness from families.

• keep smt/smb out– don’t let anyone get close, don’t enter, don’t let in

You should keep your dog out of my lawn. - You feel better hold your dog further away from my lawn.

Keep your hands out of me! – Hold your hands from me further away!

Let's

• let smb down- let down

Don’t worry, you can rely on me, I won’t let you down.- Don't worry, you can rely on me. I don't want you I'll let you down.

• let smb in- let in, let in

Guy, let me in, it's cold out there! - Guys, let me in me, it's cold there!

Log

• log in/out– log in/out of your account (on the Internet), log in/log out

How can I log in if I forgot my password? - How do I log in, what if I forgot my password?

Log out first, then log in again and check if the game works. – Come out from the account, come in again and check if the game works.

Look

• look for- search

I am looking for a post office. - I looking for Postal office.

• look forward to- look forward to something

We are looking forward to your next visit. - We and We're looking forward to it your next visit.

We are looking forward to visiting you. - We look forward to when we visit you.

• look after- to keep an eye on, to keep an eye on

Can you look after my stuff, please? I'll be right back. - Could you look after my things please? I'll be right back.

• look up– find information (usually in a book)

I don't know this word look it up in the dictionary. - I don’t know this word look in dictionary.

• look out- to be afraid of something

Typically used as an exclamation “Look out!” - “Beware!”

Look out! Someone's coming! – Beware! Someone's coming!

Make

• make smt up- to invent, to lie about something

I had to make up a story about why I was late. - I had to compose the story of why I was late.

I told you she made it up!- I told you that she is all this I made it up!

• make out- kiss passionately and for a long time

Jack cought his girlfriend making out with his friend. – Jack found his girlfriend, kissing with his friend.

Move

• move in (to)– settle into a new home, move in

We moved in yesterday and know no one here. - We moved came here yesterday and we don’t know anyone here.

I'm going to move in to my friend's place. - I'm going to move to to a friend.

• move away (to)- leave somewhere, move out of housing

The Patterson's have moved away, but I can give your their new address. – The Pattersons moved out(moved), but I can give you their new address.

I was born in Germany but we moved away to England, when I was a kid. – I was born in Germany, but we moved to England when I was a child.

• move on- move from one thing to another, move on

I think we've talked enough about it, let's move on. - I think we've talked about this enough, let's already further(let's move on to another topic).

I want to change my job, I need to move on. – I want to change my job, I need move on.

Pass

• pass away- go to another world, die

Pass away is the formal, most polite and cautious synonym for the word die (to die).

My grandfather passed away when I was ten. - My grandfather left us when I was ten.

• pass by- pass, pass by and not stop

We were passing by the City Hall, when Ann saw Harry in the street. - We passed by City Hall when Anne saw Harry on the street.

• pass out- lose consciousness

It was hot in the church and an old lady passed out. – It was hot in the church, and the elderly woman fainted.

Note: come round - come to your senses.

Pay

• pay smb back- repay a debt, repay

Morgan bought me a ticket, but I haven’t paid him back yet. Morgan bought me a ticket, but I haven’t yet. returned give him money.

• pay off– pay off

Your effort will pay off. – Your works will pay off.

Pick

• pick up– 1) pick up from the floor, 2) pick up the phone, 3) “pick up”, “pick up” (about getting to know each other)

Have you just dropped a cigarette on the ground? Pick it up!“Did you just throw a cigarette on the ground?” Lift it up!

It’s my boss calling, don’t’ pick it up. - This is my boss calling. don't pick up the phone.

“He came home with a girl he had picked up in a bar.” – “You mean she had picked him up?”- “He came home with a girl whom picked up in the bar." - “You mean which one is his did you catch it?

Play

• play along (with smb)- play along

Jim played along with Ron, when he said he was a movie producer. – Jim played along Ron when he said he was a film producer.

Don't worry, just play along ok? - Don't worry, just play along Fine?

• play around (fool around)- fool around

Aren't you too big boys for playing around? - Aren't you guys too big to fool?

The teacher was angry because we were fooling around. – The teacher was angry because we were fooling around.

Pull

• pull over- stop the car by the road, on the side of the road

We pulled over to check our tires. - We stopped by the road to check the wheels.

• pull oneself together- pull yourself together, pull yourself together

Come on pull yourself together, we have to work. - Come on already, get yourself together we need to work.

Put

• put on– put on

Put your hat on. – Put it on hat.

Put on your seat belts. – Buckle up(put on) your seat belts.

Run

• run away- run away

Tell me that funny story how you early away from a dog. – Tell them this funny story about how you ran away from the dog.

• run for- to catch up, to run after something

I lost my wallet when was running for a bus. - I lost my wallet when ran for by bus.

• run across / run into smb (come across)- accidentally bump into someone

Ron ran across his teacher, miss Smith, in the park when he was supposed to be at school. – Ron I came across it by accident at his teacher, Miss Smith, in the park when he was supposed to be at school.

• run around- be very busy, do a lot of things

After running around all day, James is too tired to play with his kids. - After he minded business all day, James is too tired to play with the children.

• run on smt– to work on something (about a source of energy)

Does this bus run on gas or electricity? - This bus works for gasoline or electricity?

• run over smt/smb- move by car

The deer was ran over by a car. – Deer moved car.

Set

• set smt up– 1) arrange, organize, 2) substitute

Can you set up a meeting with him? - You can arrange will I meet him?

The police have set him up. They put some drugs in his pocket. - Police him framed They planted drugs in his pocket.

Note: the word “police” in the meaning of “police officers” is plural, not singular, so it is “police have”, not “police has”.

Show

• show off- to brag, to show off

He bought the most expensive guitar to show off to his friends. - He bought the most expensive guitar so that grab in front of friends.

• show up- appear, come

Show up is usually to come unexpectedly or late, like “show up” in Russian. Often used when someone was expected, but he never came.

We’ve been waiting for him for an hour but he didn't show up. “We waited for him for an hour, but he did not come.

He showed up in the middle of the night. - He showed up in the middle of the night.

Sleep

• sleep over- spend the night at someone's house

It’s too late to go back home, why don’t you sleep over? - It's too late to go home, why don't you stay overnight?

Can I sleep over at my friend's house? - May I spend the night at a friend's house?

Slow

• slow down– reduce speed

The car slowed down passing us by. - Car slowed down, passing by us.

Shut

• shut (smt/smb) up- shut up, shut up

Hey, shut up, I can't hear anything. - Hey, shut up I hear nothing.

Somebody shut this alarm up.- Someone shut up already this alarm.

Sign

You are not supposed to write the best essay ever, but it has to stand out. – You don't have to write the best essay of all time, but it should do something differ.

The tourist guide was wearing an orange jacket so that he stood out in a crowd. – The guide was wearing an orange vest to stand out in crowd.

Stick

• stick to smt- stick to something

You can’t lose weight if you don’t stick to the diet. – You won’t be able to lose weight if you don’t stick to diets.

Today we’ll talk about phrasal verbs, which are based on the verb to take. Let us remind you that to take is an irregular verb, the forms of which are TAKE – TOOK – TAKEN.

Phrasal verbs with to take.

• take back – greatly surprise, shock, stun

Their parents were taken back when Paul and Marry said they were getting married. “The parents were very surprised when Paul and Mary said they were going to get married.

• take after – to be like

I took after my father. - I look like my father

• take apart - 1) to take apart 2) to smash someone to smithereens

Sam took the computer apart and now he can’t reassemble It. Sam took the computer apart and now can’t put it back together.

The opposition took the politician apart. - The opposition tore the politician to smithereens.

• take around - show attractions

She took me round and showed me London sights. – She showed me the sights of London.

• take away - 1) remove 2 take away

Mother cleaned the room and took away the dirty dishes. – Mom cleaned the room and put away the dirty dishes.

Take that away! - Take it away!

• take back - 1) return 2) take (your words) back 3) remind the past

I took the TV set back to the shop, as it didn’t work. – I returned the TV to the store because it didn’t work.

Didn't take back his words because she was upset. He took it back because she was upset.

The smell of cookies took him back to his childhood. The smell of cookies reminded him of his childhood.

• take for - take one thing for another

I took you for your brother. - I took you for your brother.

• to take off - 1) take off (shoes, clothes), 2 take off

I took off my shoes – I took off my shoes

I hate taking off. - I hate taking off.

• to take on - 1) take (enter) a job, 2) take on

The company needs to take on a couple of people. – The company needs to hire several people.

We've taken on too much work. - We took on too much work.

• to take out - 1) take out / remove from the card, 2) invite to a restaurant / cinema / for a walk

She took out $100. – She withdrew $100 from the card.

Greg took me out on Friday night to a nice restaurant. – On Friday evening Greg took me to a wonderful restaurant.

• take through – explain in detail

He took me through the registration process and explained it all. “He described the registration process to me in detail and explained everything.

• take to - 1) get addicted / get carried away

He took to swimming - he became interested in swimming.

• take up - 1) to do something 2) to occupy (take away) 3) to lift, carry upward

He's taken up golf. - He took up golf.

This sofa takes up too much space. This sofa takes up too much space.

You should also remember the expressions:

• take for granted - take for granted
• take up with someone - make friends, contact someone

Exercises.

Now let's do some exercises on using the phrasal verb to take.

Exercise 1. Fill in pass pretext .

1. Please take your hat ___ when you go inside a building.
2. Both my sister and I take ___ our father
3. He took the car brakes ____ and found the problem.
4. My grandparents took us ... for dinner and a movie.
5. I have taken ... going for a five-mile run every morning.
6. Studying takes... most of my time.
7. Sophie has just been taken ... with a permanent contract.
8. She had to take everything... of her handbag before she found her papers.
9. We were all taken ... by the news.

Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer

1. Doesn't look like his mother - he takes after / to / for her.
2. Do you take me after / in / for an idiot?
3. The plane could not take off / up / to because of the snow.
4. He took after / up / in swimming when his doctor told him he needed to more exercises.
5. The company took in / up / on several new employees to cope with the extra demand.
6. He took up / down / on everything the lecturer said in his notebook.
7. She took down / to / in drinking after her husband died.
8. I took my hat off / on / out when I entered the building.
9. If you don’t take your books out / back / into to the library on time, you have to pay a fine.
10. He refused to take what he had said in / back / into even though he knew he was wrong.
11. I couldn’t put the radio back together after I had taken it off / out on / apart.

Answers:

Exercise 1.

1 off, 2 after, 3 apart, 4 out, 5 up (to), 6 up, 7 on, 8 out, 9 aback

Exercise 2.

1 after, 2 for, 3 off, 4 up, 5 on, 6 down, 7 to, 8 off, 9 back, 10 back, 11 apart

English grammar is often inextricably linked with spoken language. For example, it was in the conversational style that irregular and phrasal verbs were formed. We have already talked about the first ones, and today we will analyze the phrasal verbs of the English language.

First, let's talk a little about the grammatical component of this phenomenon, and then move on to the practical part: we will study 250 phrasal verbs that you need to know for free communication and a complete understanding of foreign interlocutors. So let's get started!

In English speech there are peculiar linguistic phenomena that are characteristic only of it. It is only possible to draw an analogy between these features and examples from other speech cultures only very remotely.

For example, what are phrasal verbs in English? Grammatically, these are stable combinations of verbs with prepositions and adverbs. They have a common meaning, and often contradict the translation of the words separately. Let's take the popular English verb talk - speak, talk. This meaning is neutral, but add a preposition and we get an emotionally charged phrasal verb talk.

• Don't talk me into comingthere- Not persuade me to go there!
• Please talk up - Please, speak louder (more boldly)
• They talked me down with the stories about their babies –Theygot it mestoriesOtheirchildren!

It’s even difficult to count how many similar combinations can be made in English. Is there something similar in Russian speech? Yes, phrasal English verbs are partly reminiscent of our use of prefixes: talk-persuad-talk-talk, etc. But there are also completely different examples.

So, the word stand means stand, withstand, a phrasal verb stand for translated as " symbolize, signify, support" And here we come to drawing an analogy with our phraseological units. Let’s take the same word “stand”, add a preposition, and we get “ stand for something, someone; those. defend, defend, insist on a point of view" On this topic, we can recall phraseological units common in Russian speech and literary texts:

• stand one's ground;
• stand behind someone;
• stand to death;
• stand upright

All expressions are similar in meaning, and you, as native speakers of the language culture, will easily understand each of them. But the question of what is the logic behind constructing these combinations will probably take you by surprise: you say these phrases automatically, without thinking about the meaning of the words individually, right? This is exactly the same thing with phrasal verbs in the English language. These are stable colloquial expressions, the construction and meaning of which must be memorized.

Grammar of English phrasal verbs

Having dealt with the semantic content, let's move on to studying grammatical points. Fortunately, there are few of them: all phrasal verbs are classified according to only two grammatical features.

Transitivity

This phrasal verb criterion is associated with such a part of the sentence as an object. The fact is that the meaning of some verbs is revealed only in the presence of an addition, while other expressions are completely independent. For example, a phrasal verb like back off can be used without addition.

• Thenthey backed off - Then they retreated .

And here is a phrasal verb of the form hand out gets its meaning only when adding an object noun.

• My friend is going to hand out candy – MyFrienddistributes candies.

Thus, the dependence on the object makes a grammatical division into transitive ( only with addition) and intransitive ( independent) English verbs. Moreover, this criterion applies to the entire class of verbs, and not just phrasal combinations.

But in fact, not all verbs belong strictly to the transitive or strictly intransitive type. The mixed type is more common. In such cases, the addition can radically change the meaning of the phrase. For example, let's take the expression askout (ask for time off, submit a resignation letter, invite you on a date). Watch how the phrases change.

• Jackcalledto ask out Mary- Jack called to invite Mary on a date.
• Your dog is asking out – Yoursdogasks go out .

Thus, the transitivity of a verb cannot be determined without knowing the context in which the phrase is used.

Divisibility

• Move

A separate word, like almost every phrasal verb move, is associated with the designation of movements and movements.

• Look

In the literal sense " look, look" Look also forms several common English phrasal verbs.

• Hold

In the literal sense " hold, hold» hold is not the most commonly used English word. However, the phrasal verb hold is quite common in colloquial speech.

• Keep

Direct meaning " store, keep" Stable combinations are similar in meaning.

• Drop

The phrasal verb drop is no less popular among the English.

• Come

A popular English verb whose main meaning is “ come, arrive, arrive" Come forms the following phraseological units.

The main meaning of the verb " allow, allow" The phrasal verb let has a similar meaning.

• Hand

In the first part of the article, we got acquainted with the verb hand out. But the phrasal verb with hand can also be combined with other prepositions.

A common verb meaning " go, walk, head" It is also used in phrase combinations.

• Pull

The phrasal verb pull is also widely used in speech.

The phrasal verb cut also has several versions.

• Pass

This verb forms a couple of popular phrases.

Other popular phrasal verbs

We included single set expressions in this category, i.e. this verb forms only one popular combination. Therefore, few students know that there is a phrasal verb pay, a phrasal verb with tell, stable expressions hear, the popular phrase keen on, an English phrasal verb fill, etc. Nevertheless, these examples are worth attention because... they can often be found in English or American colloquial speech.

• Pick

The term means " choose, select" Rarely used separately and is better known as the ambiguous phrasal verb pick up - pick up, accept, call in, hook, adopt, take on a hook, etc.

• Catch

The common English verb catch means " catch, grab" But the phrasal verb catch up is translated into Russian as “ catch up, catch up, catch up».

• See & Hear

Verbs of feelings see ( see) and hear ( hear) are also used in colloquial phrases. Thus, the English phrasal verb see off means to see off, to see off, and the expression hear from – hear news, receive news.

• Knock out & Keen on

The phrase knock out means knock out, knock out, knock out, stun. Also knock out is used in the context amaze, stun, surprise. Keen on is used to mean get carried away, love smth. do. In addition, keen on can mean the continuation of something. actions.

• Stay & Rush

Antagonist verbs: stay ( stand) and rush ( hurry, rush). The English phrasal verb stay up means stay awake, stay afloat. And the popular phrasal verb rush into is used in the meaning “ get involved, take risks, go to extremes».

• Tell & Speak

Both verbs are associated with speech activity. The phrase speak up means " speak clearly, speak out, speak out in defense", and the expression tell off is reprimand, scold, scold.

• Find out

The phrasal stable verb find out is very popular. The expression means: find, discover, find out, find out, reveal deception, guess.

The common expression do away with is used to mean “ destroy, get rid of, get rid of».

• Fill & Fit

The phrasal verb of the form fill in is translated as “ fill out, enter, enter into action" The phrasal English verb fit is also similar in meaning - fit in, confirm, agree.

You can often hear the phrase pay back in English - repay debts, repay, take revenge.

• Grow & draw

A phrasal verb of the form draw back means recoil, recoil, back away, pull back. And the phrase grow up in translation means “ grow up, mature».

• Settle

The phrasal verb from settle is quite ambiguous. To calm down, to find balance, to settle down, to settle down, to settle down - all this settle down, like a phrasal verb.

• Live

The phrase live on can be translated as “ live off smth., hold on, survive».

• Wear

The English phrasal verb wear out has several meanings. Among them:

• wear out, wear out;
• spend, while away time;
• exhaust, exhaust, abuse;
• survive, endure.

Can also mean " to lose patience».

And 25 more popular verbs

This completes the top 250 phrasal verbs. Good luck in learning the language and see you again!

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Everyone knows that the verb to talk translated as " speak". But how in English it will be “to speak, to talk, to speak out, to bore, to bore you with your conversation and to snap back,” we didn’t go through either at school or at the institute. Really? But these are such normal colloquial words, without which, like , and the conversation doesn’t go well!

So, to talk back — "snap".

There is a football match between Mick and John's team, the East Coast Tigers, and the touring Chicago Bisons. The teams have already met once in Chicago. Then the “Bisons” won with a slight advantage, but in the return match the “Tigers” took over. There is absolutely nothing separating them, the score is 14:13 in favor of the East Beach Tigers, and the only Chicago touchdown can put the guests far ahead. Last minute of the meeting. The "Bisons" need to go as much as 15 yards to the edge of the field, they have almost no chance, but their powerful captain Ivon Sadowski, towering over the rest of the players, takes the ball and... scattering the “tigers”-defenders like kittens, rushes forward. He went five yards, six, seven, eight... Everyone in the stands froze. Is it really a touchdown? But then, as if growing out of the ground, Mick throws himself at Ivon’s feet, and the mighty “buffalo” falls to the ground. The stands breathe a sigh of relief. girls with ostrich feathers, including Jane, jump up from their seats joyfully. Frustrated, Sadowski gets up and begins to protest, appealing to the judge and blaming Mick for it. that he stopped him illegally. Mick begins to make excuses. Passions are running high, and now a fight breaks out...

Scene in the Tigers locker room. Mick is on a bench with a black eye, Jane is squatting in front of him and applying a wet towel with ice to Mick’s eye, and John is scolding his friend:
— So many times I told you, never talk back to Ivon. - How many times have I told you: never get into trouble with Ivon...
I know this for sure, I know from myself: during the game it is better to listen to the referee’s whistle and not pay attention to the indignant opponent. Emotions are a bad friend on the football (and hockey) field. True, you remember this after the game. Well, enough with talk back.

Then talk into — "persuade".

Cowboys Bill and John came fishing. Several hefty Indians approach them with a menacing look.
- Shit! — Bill turns to John displeased. — You talked into coming here. Now get me out! “You persuaded me to come here.” Now take it away!

Then talk out — "speak out", i.e. say everything to the end.

Commissioner Le Veschen interrogates a criminal, a drug dealer, and interrupts him every word, asking leading questions, thereby trying to catch the guy in a lie. Sergeant Michael sits on the edge of the table and tries to understand at least something from their conversation. Then he jumps off the table and calls the commissioner aside.

“Listen, boss,” says Holdwin. “What about just to let him talk out? - What if we just let him speak?

“To talk someone over,” that is, “to speak longer and more convincingly” or, in extreme cases, “to drown out one’s speech” will be in English (or American) to talk down.

Mick and John College History of English and American Literature Exam. John meets Mick coming out of his office.
- Alright! — Mick smiles. “You know, the teacher is just a fan of English and American literature.” Likes to talk rather than listen. But I talked him down. - Well, I talked him over.

Second meaning to talk down- This " make you sick", i.e. bore your interlocutor with your conversation, who has already heard your story many times.
Sergeant Timothy Timpson is not yet a sergeant at all, but a “fighter” of the Marine Corps training company of the radio reconnaissance platoon. The theoretical studies are behind us, and now Timothy’s platoon takes up combat duty for the tenth time. The duty officer walks in front of the formation, reading with a smart look, like a revelation, the instructions that everyone already knows by heart...

“The main thing is to give direction-finding commands, because direction-finding commands are the main thing...” the major traces his steps, and Tilyuti’s neighbor, rolling his eyes, whispers in Timpson’s ear:
— Gosh, he talked me down. - God, how he bored me. Timothy turns his head to his friend and answers calmly:
—Talked you down? I "m pissed off. - Were you bullied? And they bullied me like that...

Each of us at least once in our lives has been faced with the need to prepare a speech, presentation, or give a report. And this can be difficult in your native language: even with prepared talking points, there are often not enough words or it is difficult to connect ideas. What can we say about a foreign language... Therefore, when preparing speeches, it is important to think through not only WHAT you will convey to the audience, but also HOW you will connect the parts of your speech.

Phrasal verbs that you can use when preparing for various kinds of speeches and presentations will definitely help you with this. Phrasal verbs are very comprehensive in their meaning, so in many situations it is better to use a phrasal verb than a whole phrase meaning the same thing. Many phrasal verbs are considered elements of informal communication, and are used only in conversational contexts. Of course, such verbs should be avoided if you are preparing a speech or a formal speech. But those phrasal verbs that we will present to you today can be used even in formal communication, since they are neutral in their meanings.

Talk through- discuss something in detail, in great detail. This phrasal verb also means “to explain something in detail to someone” when used with an object: talk somebody through something:

Now let us talk through the main problems with the new client base. — Now let's discuss in detail the problems with our customer base.
Professor James will talk you through the techniques of selection. — Professor James will tell you in detail about selection techniques.

Run through- view, quickly go through the list, without going into details of each item:

At first we will run through the main points and then we will discuss them in detail. - First we will review the main points, and then we will discuss them in detail.
The speaker ran through the plan and went on talking about the each question. — The speaker quickly read the plan and continued to speak on each issue.

Go into- this phrasal verb is in some way the opposite in meaning to the previous verb. Go into something - describe in detail, delve into the essence of something, present some information in great detail:

I will not go into details now, but at the end of the presentation you will be able to ask your questions. — I won’t go into details now, but at the end of the presentation you will be able to ask your questions.
The lecture was really boring because the professor went into unnecessary technical details and the audience was not prepared for it. — The lecture was very boring, since the professor went into unnecessary technical details, and the listeners were not prepared for this.

Go on- continue, develop the topic, resume the conversation, discussion after a pause. The phrasal verb carry on has the same meaning. A gerund is used after these phrasal verbs:

After the break the participants went on discussing the possible solutions to the problem. — After the break, the participants continued to discuss possible solutions to the problem.
The speaker carried on explaining the theory. — The speaker continued to explain the theory.

Put forward- propose, submit for consideration (plan, idea, proposal). It is a separable phrasal verb, which means that the object can appear "in the middle" of the phrasal verb:

Several constructive ideas were put forward during the discussion. — During the discussion, several constructive ideas were put forward.
I am going to put forward my new plan of development at the meeting tomorrow. — I'm going to propose my new development plan for consideration at a meeting tomorrow.

Wind up- finish, complete (meeting, presentation, speech, speech), bring to an end:

I think it's time to wind up our meeting. - I think it's time to end our meeting.
I decided to wind up my speech with an anecdote. — I decided to end my speech with a funny story.

When a certain part of your speech touches on a topic or reveals a question, you can use a phrasal verb deal with(touch, look at something) to communicate it to your audience:

My speech will not deal with the analysis of the past events, what I want to talk about is our current situation. — My speech will not concern the analysis of past events, I want to talk about our current situation.
The final part of the presentation dealt with environmental issues, so we decided to leave earlier. — The final part of the presentation dealt with environmental issues, so we decided to leave early.

Focus on- to focus attention on something, to put emphasis on something:

In my presentation I will focus on the necessity of additional training for the students. — In my presentation I will focus on the need for additional training for students.
The speech did not meet the interest of the audience because the speaker failed to focus on one particular topic. — The speech was received without interest from the audience because the speaker did not emphasize a specific topic.

Move on- move on to the next question after finishing the discussion of the previous one:

I think we can now move on to the next point. - I think we can move on to the next point.
Do not elaborate on this question for too long, if your audience is bored, move on to the next question. - Don’t develop this question for too long, if your listeners are bored, move on to the next one.

At the end of your speech or report you can use a phrasal verb sum up- to summarize, to summarize:

To sum up, I want to say that only our collaborative work can influence the situation. — To summarize, I would like to say that only joint work can influence the situation.
By way of conclusion, he summed up all the points covered in his report. — As a conclusion, he summarized all the points covered in his report.

Try to replenish your active stock of phrasal verbs. Remember that phrasal verbs used appropriately are only a plus in your speech. Good luck with your speeches and presentations in English!

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