The correct basement floor pie in a frame house. Installation of floors in a frame house on screw piles. For flooring

13.01.2019

Friends , I will tell you that for those who are interested in this topic, who want to independently or expand their knowledge in construction, this story will be very useful and interesting.
The fact is that Sergei Filipov talks in detail in his story about the procedure, which can be used not only in the construction of a frame house, but also in a house of another structural format, be it stone, brick, log, or aerated concrete. The main condition for the use of such a solution should be the floor used on joists or the floor made of I-beams, in general, the use of engineered wood in the floor.
We took screenshots from the video and arranged them in the order of installation, for a more visual format for understanding the laying and installation of the layers and materials used in the floor pie.
Subscribe to Sergei's channel, there are a lot of useful and educational videos about the construction of frame houses in Finland.

It is advisable to do the installation of the vapor barrier on the walls of a frame house in advance, because This is more effective protection and much more convenient installation of the protective film. Then the beam supports are mounted under the load-bearing logs.

After installing the beams, a dry board with a section of 20*90 mm, in increments of 90 mm, is laid on the joists. and is secured with two 60 mm nails. at each intersection with the beam.

If you use I-beams to organize the ceiling or floor, ventilation and other communications are carried out in pre-prepared holes.

After installing the subfloor or sheathing, the next layer of the floor pie is laid with gypsum plasterboard sheets (plasterboard sheets), which are attached with screws to the subfloor boards at the rate of 8 screws per 1 square meter. These are the requirements for fasteners when building a frame house in Finland.

The following photo shows a sectional view of the first layer of gypsum board mounted on the sheathing.

The next step in the sequence of laying the layers of the cake can be either the installation of a water tube for heated floors, or the installation of the next sheet of plasterboard, in which a channel can subsequently be drilled for installation of the tube. In any case, the next sheet of gypsum board is attached to the base by gluing it with a special mounting adhesive from cylinders similar to polyurethane foam. Then this structure of two sheets acquires solidity and strength, and is much more convenient to work with.

If you do not groove the glued second sheet of gypsum board, but lay heated floor water pipes on the first one, they are attached to the sheet with special clips.

After the underfloor heating tubes are laid and attached, a leveling compound will be poured between them. Of course, it is necessary to install a second layer of gypsum board around the perimeter, which will serve as level beacons.

The next step is to pour the self-leveling mortar, to form a flat surface on which the next layer will be laid.

The next stage in the construction of a heated floor in the ceiling of a frame house is the installation of gypsum plasterboard for the floor (15.4 mm with fibers) with construction adhesive.

Applying construction adhesive for laying 15.4 mm plasterboard is the same as you would install tiles, only in a larger size.

In places where there was no filler composition for the field, where gating took place under the heated floor tubes, the glue consumption is much less, since the gypsum board sheet is smoother than the poured surface. However, the work is carried out in the same order as gluing floor tiles.

Slots for the passage of communications are organized in the plasterboard. They are cut out in Giprok using a jigsaw.

After all the trimming and laying with glue, we get a very strong, one might say, single pie from three sheets of drywall.

The cake lying on the floor sheathing along the joists of three sheets of plasterboard is ready.

After the pre-finish coating is ready, it is necessary to begin installing the insulation between the floor joists.

The thickness of the insulation itself, 100 mm, is more of a soundproofing material than insulation, in this particular case.

In the distance formed between the layers of plasterboard and the layer of soundproofing wool, communications and ventilation ducts are laid.

The final stage of pre-finishing when installing a floor in a frame house along joists, with the installation of water pipes for a heated floor, is the installation of a protective film. It is not necessary to install a vapor barrier in the ceiling of a frame house, since it is only needed on external walls. In this case, the film serves as protection against the penetration of elements and particles of cotton wool used in the ceiling into the room. Therefore, gluing the film joints is not necessary.

We would like to thank Sergei Filipov for his detailed professional story about the structure and stages of a Finnish frame house.

Subscribe to Sergei's channel Construction of houses in Finland .

In turn, I would like to thank all the readers on our website for their interest in the technologies for constructing frame and other wooden houses. We know that the future lies in high-quality and professional construction, our team of builders, the entire project "Doc's House" We constantly strive to improve and train all staff, applying their knowledge in building houses for our clients.

Sincerely,
Roman Dekhtyarev, project manager.
+7 918 622 99 12

From the author: We are glad to welcome novice builders who have decided to insulate the floors in their homes with their own hands. This is undoubtedly the right decision, because how well your home retains heat directly determines the utility costs for its maintenance during the cold season. The money you overpay for heating is enough for a natural mink fur coat, two sets of winter tires, or at least several trips to a restaurant. It's a shame, isn't it? Here's your incentive to read the article to the end.

Surely many of you have heard of the term “floor pie on the ground.” What kind of dish is this? Builders call a “pie” a multi-layer structure used to create a warm, reliable and functional floor covering. The layers and technology for laying floor layers with insulation will differ depending on whether the work is carried out in an apartment or a private house, what finishing coating will be used, what the situation is with humidity and temperature conditions in the room, etc.

Installing floors in private homes is a complex process that requires certain knowledge. Now we will try to tell you in as much detail as possible how to properly make a base for floor insulation in a wooden frame house, and we will share special tricks regarding installation technology. Read, understand, take notes. We are sure that, following our advice, you can easily do this yourself.

Source: http://papamaster.su

Why is layer-by-layer installation of flooring necessary?

The visible part of the floor on which we walk is only the “tip of the iceberg”, below which there are several tens of centimeters of layers of other materials. All this is done in order to properly make the foundation in a wooden house and provide your home with a comfortable microclimate. Important parameters for any gender are:

• evenness - if the base of the floor is uneven, the floor covering will wear unevenly in different areas;
• high sound insulation - the room is more comfortable the less extraneous sounds are heard in it;
• wear resistance, which affects the service life of the coating;
• ability to retain heat.

Technology of laying layers of flooring

To carry out work on wooden floors, we will need the following materials:

• screws and nails;
• insulation - slabs of mineral wool, polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam;
• vapor barrier membrane;
• polyethylene film for vapor barrier;
• penoizol or mounting foam;
• wooden beam;
• aluminum reinforcing tape.

The design of the floor covering on logs is the most popular one used in modern construction. In the first case, when the installation is carried out along the wooden beams of the first floor in a high-rise building, or in a wooden frame house, the foundation must be laid in accordance with the following sequence:

Source: http://stroitel.linpc.ru

• the soil under the base is selected to a depth of about half a meter, after which markings are made for the posts, in increments of 60 to 70 centimeters;
• the base under the posts must be rigid, so it is filled and compacted, or filled with concrete;
• the upper part of the columns is aligned using a level;
• fill the thermal insulation layer so that at least 25 cm remains to the top of the columns. Expanded clay is the most popular insulation material for such work; sawdust is also often used for this purpose;
• after the solution has completely hardened, the beams are laid;
• it is convenient when the supports are placed first around the perimeter, and then in the center of the room;
• waterproofing is laid on top of the supports in two layers (polyethylene film, roofing felt or backfill types of waterproofing);
• logs are installed. Most often, they are mounted perpendicular to the light from the window opening, in order to then lay the boards along it. First, logs are installed around the perimeter, with a distance from the wall of 2 to 3 centimeters. After this, intermediate ones are set. The logs are mounted on the base without the use of rigid fasteners. To strengthen the structure and give it rigidity, you can connect the logs to each other using wooden jumpers attached to galvanized corners.
• for additional insulation, bars are nailed to the joists, on which the subfloor (plywood or OSB boards) is mounted. It is recommended to lay it not too tightly, leaving gaps that will subsequently serve for ventilation;
• a layer of waterproofing film is laid, which is usually secured with a construction stapler. All joints are glued using reinforced tape;
• insulation (mineral wool, polystyrene foam, penoplex) is laid, on top of which a vapor barrier membrane is fixed;
• Using liquid penoizol, the joints between the wall and the film are processed. This is additional protection for the entire structure;
• The plank floor covering is being laid.

From this video instruction you will learn how to install different floor coverings in a country house:

Now you know what a screed on wooden beams looks like, and you have become familiar with all the stages of work. But how to do it correctly on the ground? Such a covering can be installed in any house, regardless of the level of underground groundwater, on any foundation. The only exception is a building on stilts. Such a base is simple and reliable, easy to implement independently. There are no basements or gaps for ventilation in the subfloor.

A proper wooden floor screed consists of nine main layers, each of which performs its own function. The thickness of them can vary for each building individually. They all fit in a strictly defined sequence:

• a layer of prepared clay, the purpose of which is to stop groundwater, or more precisely, to cut off their capillary rise;
• sand is poured in to weaken the capillary rise of water and to relieve the pressure of subsequent layers. You can use sand of any quality, including unwashed quarry sand;
• a layer of coarse (with a fraction of 40–60 mm) crushed stone, which also prevents the rise of water. Each of the listed 3 layers must have a height of at least 10 centimeters and must be compacted. It is impossible to change the order of their filling, since in this case deformation and destruction of the entire structure will very quickly occur;
• a layer of polyethylene film used to prevent laitance from flowing into the lower layers. It is laid in 2 layers with an overlap, all joints and places where it touches the wall are carefully glued;
• rough concreting is performed using “lean concrete”, for which fine (with a fraction of 10–12 mm) crushed stone and washed sand are used. Dispersed reinforcement using steel fiber is also carried out. The freshly poured solution must be leveled using corner marks, this will simplify further work on installing the floor;
• a waterproofing layer is laid, for which ordinary roofing felt is suitable. In some cases, it is recommended to lay it in two layers, the joints are soldered using a construction hair dryer;
• As the next layer (thermal insulation), any insulation is used - polystyrene foam, penoplex. The joints between the insulation boards are also carefully taped to avoid heat loss;
• a finishing screed is performed, during which “warm floors” can be installed immediately;
• laying flooring, which can be anything the homeowner desires.

This is how the base is “prepared” for parquet boards, laminate, linoleum and other coverings. As you can see, there are no particular difficulties in correctly laying the floor with your own hands, and any person with minimal construction skills can cope with them. Well, it's time to get down to business!

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The construction of buildings for any purpose is impossible without fundamental structural elements. A number of such components primarily include the foundation and floor, which are the basis of the entire house.

Peculiarities

The installation of a frame structure also includes a set of works on arranging the floor. A properly designed foundation, made using high-quality building materials, will help eliminate heat loss and escape through the floors in the future, and as a result will maintain a comfortable temperature for homeowners.

Based on the peculiarities of the technology for constructing frame houses, the foundation of buildings can be of the following types:

• a structure built on screw piles - this option is ideal for soft soil where construction is planned;
• concrete pillars, the installation of which should be carried out in harder soil;
• strip foundation;
• a structure created from a monolithic reinforced concrete slab, which is laid on a durable sand bed.

The selection and construction of one type of foundation for a frame house is the first step in the construction of such a building. Experts recommend that you carefully select wood to create the frame of a house, taking into account climatic conditions, as well as a number of other important points, since such houses are a permanent structure that can be fully used for a long time.

Most often, for work on installing floors in a frame house, preference is given to coniferous wood due to the fact that the raw material has high durability and low cost. Logs made from aspen or oak are expensive products due to their higher quality characteristics.

To work with the subfloor, it is necessary to purchase well-dried raw materials, since humidity helps to reduce the size of the products, which leads to the appearance of gaps between the laid products.

The foundation in a frame house is made by installing a rough and finished floor. You can make a subfloor using OSB boards, which are fixed to the lower parts of the frame and joists. After that, the remaining materials responsible for creating the floor in the frame house are laid on the created surface. It is this technology that is used to create a structural foundation pie.

The subfloor is laid according to the following principle:

• On top of the building's foundation, logs are laid, pre-treated with an antiseptic. It is worth choosing raw materials that are more moisture-resistant, for example, larch, since it is least susceptible to rotting;
• The section of the board is selected based on the distance between the walls. If it is quite large, then it is worth increasing the cross-section of the products or making additional support from concrete or brick pedestals;

• the main task is to achieve such a strong foundation that the wooden logs do not sag under loads when people move along them or under the weight of installed furniture;
• the frequency of steps when laying wood should be determined based on the dimensions of the laid OSB boards;
• a beam is nailed to the bottom of the logs, on which the edged board is laid;
• all sections of the subfloor must contain waterproofing in the form of a film;
• in addition, the gaps between the joists are filled with insulation, which is covered with vapor barrier material and moisture-resistant plywood.

A finishing base is installed on top of the subfloor. It is a finishing coating that can be in the form of parquet or parquet boards, ceramic tiles or laminate.

Kinds

The floor in a frame house can be arranged in several ways. The choice in favor of one option or another will be based on the frequency of residence in it. So, in a country house, the issue of creating a floor base is approached somewhat more simply, and in frame-type buildings that are erected for permanent residence, it is most often necessary to do additional insulation, which consists of installing a heated floor system. Taking into account the configuration and type of existing foundation, as well as financial capabilities, several types of flooring can be distinguished.

Monolithic floor

This base is made on a concrete screed. The design has the following positive qualities:

• long service life;
• the foundation is ready for installation of a heated floor system.

Concrete screed is carried out after a number of preparatory measures, such as:

• soil leveling work;
• creating a sand cushion;
• laying a layer of crushed stone on a sand cushion.

Fill the screed in such a way that there are no voids left on the resulting surface. As a rule, it takes about 3 weeks for the black base to completely harden.

After work on creating the screed, the cut of the pie can be represented as follows:

• a cushion of sand and a layer of crushed stone;
• screed with waterproofing and insulation;
• vapor barrier material;
• heated floor design;
• finishing screed and flooring.

Frame floor

This structure is erected on a columnar, pile and strip foundation. Its features lie in the creation of a structure of load-bearing and intermediate beams and joists. Work on arranging a frame type floor begins with preparatory work related to the installation of beds. They are boards that are laid on a foundation with waterproofing material. In addition, anchor bolts are attached to the products.

The method of laying the beds makes it possible to obtain a rigid and durable structure on the surface upon completion of the work. In the beds, additional cuts are made for the joists. The cross-section of products for each room and floor may be different. Experts recommend using beams with a cross-section of 100x250 mm for the first floor, 70x200 mm for the second floor, and for bathrooms and showers you should purchase material with a cross-section of 50x150 mm. Boards are attached to the joists, on which the subfloor is subsequently installed.

The cross-section of the floor pie on stilts looks like this:

• OSB boards 6 mm thick;
• waterproofing and sound insulation;
• insulation;
• OSB shield;
• extruded polystyrene foam.

For country houses, the frame floor pie consists of the above components, including such additional elements as:

• foamed foam backing;
• gypsum fiber sheets;
• any finishing coating.

For the bathroom and kitchen, as well as any other rooms where the indoor humidity level is high and heating is required in winter, the pie will look like this:

• vapor barrier material;
• reinforcing mesh;
• heated floor contours;
• waterproofing;
• screed;
• a layer of foil polystyrene foam;
• finishing base.

In buildings where permanent residence is planned, the installation of heated floors is mandatory. In this case, the floor structure will be as follows:

• aluminum plates;
• underfloor heating system;
• foam substrate and gypsum fiber board;
• any type of finishing base.

Installation

You can install a frame floor on your own only if you have all the necessary tools at hand, and also have a clear understanding of the recommended standards and rules for performing the work. The flooring is made from materials that are selected based on the individual preferences of the owner of the building.

When choosing a decorative covering made from tongue-and-groove boards, you should take into account the technology of its installation, which includes the following steps:

• the material is laid across the floor joists;
• products are fixed using nails;
• upon completion of installation, the floor is scraped;
• The final stage of work is coating the boards with varnish.

Important: in addition to boards, quite often they prefer to make flooring from plywood.

The sheet installation technology is carried out according to the following scheme:

• Marking and arrangement of products is carried out taking into account that the joints of materials will be on the logs;
• the logs are treated with an adhesive composition, plywood is laid, attaching the sheets using self-tapping screws or nails. Treatment with glue will eliminate the formation of squeaks during operation of the house;
• a small ventilation gap should be left so that when the humidity level increases, the base does not deform;
• where various communications and pipes pass, you need to make special holes in the plywood sheets;
• The edges of the material are aligned along the binding board, and the products are marked and trimmed.

Upon completion of the work on arranging the floor in the frame house, they begin work on creating the frame of the walls and roof, followed by cladding the house.

To install the floor on the second floor of a frame building, you should follow the recommendations for performing the work, which are somewhat different from the technology for creating the floor on the first floor.

It should be noted that the main task of the floors on the second floor will be to create high-quality sound insulation. Therefore, instead of the usual insulation in the interfloor ceiling, it is necessary to use a soundproofing layer. The most suitable raw material for such work will be sand, which meets the necessary characteristics and, in addition, is an excellent heat accumulator. A high level of floor rigidity is also important.

To ensure such qualities, the base, in addition to beams, should be strengthened with lags, which will add strength to the structure.

The technology for installing the floor on the second floor involves performing the following work:

• installation of the rough foundation to the interfloor beams;
• laying waterproofing and vapor barrier;
• Insulation and raw materials providing sound insulation are installed in the gaps between the beams. In some cases, expanded clay is used instead of sand;
• floor joists are installed on the beams;

• the distance between the logs is carefully filled with raw materials for insulation. For such purposes, mineral wool or any other building material with high non-flammability is usually used;
• A waterproofing film is laid on top of the insulation, which will prevent the formation of moisture leakage to the first floor in the event of unforeseen situations, for example, a leak in the roof;
• The pie is sewn up with a board, plywood or other material suitable for further work on laying the finishing floor covering.

If you decide to build frame house outside the city, then you need to pay attention to the designs of all components of the building. The roof, walls (outdoor, indoor), ceilings and floor are made in the form of a “pie”, a structure consisting of several layers. If all the methods are followed, then we actually purchase a thermos.

Those. The process of improvement of any building element recommends different sequences and combinations of elements in a structure consisting of several layers.

So the roof has its own set of layers, and the walls and floor have their own set. In this publication, we will consider with you the specifics of the “pie” of the house floor using frame technology, installation methods.

Before choosing a floor material, you need to decide on the type of foundation.

In most cases, houses made of sandwich panels are built on pile foundations or on a strip foundation. This is primarily due to the fact that the house is not heavy, up to 16 tons. And a foundation on piles is very inexpensive, since it does not require the use of specialized equipment for construction work. Thanks to this, we will accept that the foundation of our house has a pile appearance.

During construction, in most cases, softwood pine and spruce are used as flooring materials. The boards and beams are very strong, light, good quality, and even less prone to decomposition. And the price of such building materials is insignificant. However, if you want your house to stand for a long time, you need to use hardwood, such as oak.

The beams and boards are more durable, stronger, and therefore heavier. Oak is primarily used in the construction of large and heavy houses from sandwich panels. This pleasure is not available.

The entire structure is based on wooden beams, so for their improvement, timber with a section of 10x15 cm or with a section of 15x20 cm is used. The beam is installed on the edge of the pile site. The more supports there are under the cross beams, the smaller the cross-section of the beam can be used, but professionals do not recommend beams smaller than 10x10 cm.

We remember that a waterproofing barrier should be placed between the timber and the iron pile.

In the age of new technologies, it is not necessary to use roofing felt or parchment, and it is best to trust proven means: rolled roofless waterproofing material, linocrom or rolled roofing material.

To ensure proper insulation, a double layer is applied. Also, instead of timber, you can use boards with a width of 15-25 cm and a thickness of 5-6 cm. The laying technique is similar to the edge.

To file the bottom layer (rough), which will hold back the heat insulator, you can use not a board with cut edges, plywood, oriented strand boards, or a flat asbestos-cement corrugated roofing sheet. There are no contraindications, the most important thing is that the material is moisture resistant and resistant to temperature changes.

For filing the facing layer under laminate, parquet, linoleum, it is most optimal to use a board with cut edges, which makes it possible to directly place the finishing coating on it for finishing. In this case, the thickness of the boards can be in the range from 25 to 35 mm.

If you plan to surface level the floor with plywood slabs, oriented strand boards or other material, then the material for the finished floor can be used without a board with cut edges. And if you don’t want to complicate everything, then you can use a tongue and groove board, which will be the final floor covering, but as you understand, this is not a cheap pleasure.

For sheathing the floors of the second or more floors, each material can be used, since it has more artistic functions than working ones. But the finished floors of the second and further floors are installed, just like for the ground floor.

For attic rooms, the base floor must be strong enough to withstand the weight of the heat insulator and an adult. In most cases, the fiberglass wadding (insulation) in the attic is left exposed, placing all the load on the base floor of the attic.

To protect all wooden structures, finishing with special antiseptic agents and penetrating compounds is used. However, there are small invisible moments; it is better to process everything before the installation process, any component separately.

Antiseptic agents are used against rotting and have the property of weathering for 6-7 years; repeated treatment will be required. Penetrating compounds are used against wood burning, they are finished once and for all, however, the cost is much higher than that of antiseptic agents.

Nails or self-drilling screws are used for fastening. It is better to use nails, as they hold the lateral load much better.

When fastening large boards and beams, you can use both bolted connections and metal corners. We take metal corners from stainless steel and fasten them with nails or using self-tapping screws.

The connection of all components must be taken seriously, because the creak when you walk depends on this.

Good " pie» house floors using frame technology

When using a foundation based on piles, the floor can be raised to a height of up to 1 m, in most cases this gap is 30 cm.

If the height allows, then the base floor is installed from below directly onto the crossbar beams. As was said above, first of all, treat everything with protective agents.

The second way is to make second-rate guides on top of the transverse beams, but this method has not become widespread, as it will require extraordinary costs.

In many cases, the foundation is low and cranial blocks are used, which are made of timber measuring 5 x 5 cm. Which are secured below with wooden blocks or beams using screws or nails.

As a flooring material base floor boards with a thickness of 25 to 40 mm are used, the thickness depends on the load. The boards are secured using metric fasteners.

Once the base base floor When done, a vapor-diffusion, moisture- and wind-proof membrane fabric is laid on it. This material has replaced film, which combines waterproof and windproof properties at the same time.

The material is overlapped at least 100 mm, all joints are taped. We secure the material using a construction stapler

Laying the heat insulator.

There are three types of materials for thermal insulation:

1. Bulk fillers.
2. Materials in the form of rolls and tiles.
3. Sprayed thermal insulation.

Bulk fillers - have long been used for construction. Instead of filler between the beam space, expanded clay sand, slag, perlite sand or sawdust are used.

Currently, a similar option is used for insulation above the basement space. In most cases, with a strip foundation. Although expanded clay sand is often used at the moment, since it is very light, it is comfortable to work with and is considered a good material for thermal insulation. In most cases, they are used for flooring on lower floors.

Installation is simple - just spread the heat insulation and level it with the rule. The work can be done with your own hands. Nowadays, backfilled or blown-in cellulose wool is in demand.

Rolled - Mineral wool in the form of rolls or denser tiles is used as an insulating material.

Allows the use of thin boards for base floor, since the weight is not significant.

Just 10-15 cm of thermal insulation is enough for good insulation and noise reduction.

The installation process is also easy, we place cotton wool in the space between the cross beams, but not to the very top, leaving a gap of about 3 cm for ventilation.

Sprayed thermal insulation - It is a thermal insulation material made from artificial latex. Unfortunately, you cannot apply it on your own; you will need to call specialists.

Yes, we must immediately emphasize that this is not a cheap pleasure.

But this method is very productive, since after all the reactions have passed and the mass has dried, one continuous layer without empty spaces will appear, the entire structure has low vapor permeability and air conductivity. And the surface has very high protection against moisture.

A vapor barrier layer must be placed on top of the heat insulator. You can choose to lay membrane fabric or film. Also attached with a stapler for construction work.

Installation finished floor

After laying the entire “pie”, we will begin the process of installing the finished floor.

It is necessary to leave a gap of about 3 cm between the heat insulator and the finished floor.

In most cases, it is made from a board with cut edges, 4 cm thick and about 10 cm wide. But plywood sheets can also be used. Oriented strand boards; however, for the finished floor, it is not a board with cut edges that is used, it is much cheaper.

And we remember everything, treat with means to protect against fire and rot.

It is necessary to take into account the reinforcement of beams at the locations of partitions and stairs. And also provide mortgages in places where water pumping units and heavy household appliances are installed.

Much attention needs to be paid to landscaping base floor in the area of ​​the stove or fireplace.

Around this place, it is better to use basalt wool based on fiberglass, carefully treat the boards with a penetrating composition.

And the surface of the finished floor is covered with a sheet of metal or a sheet of asbestos.

Foundation base based on piles

Since we use a foundation on piles, there is space between the base floor and the ground. Many people make the mistake and completely sew up this space.

Assuming that there is less heat loss, but in reality moisture accumulates in this space and has nowhere to go, which leads to an acceleration of the decomposition process of the wood.

To prevent this from happening, holes for ventilation are left on different sides, which are decorated with grilles. There is also no need to close the vents for the winter.

Installation of heated floors in a house made of sandwich panels

For heated floors, both water heating and electric heating are used.

We start with the electric method, since it is almost always used in the installation of heated floors. They use cable floors, infrared and heating mats. It is best to trust the professionals.

Nowadays, traditional wood floor heating is becoming more and more popular, as it is much cheaper than electric floor heating.

Traditional heating can be improved in three ways:

• Swedish stove.
• Application of heat-reflecting plates.
• Application of concrete screed.

Swedish stove - Not a cheap way to improve a heated floor.

It is as follows:

You should wait until the concrete has fully set. We acquire that the Swedish slab is a real base floor. Then on this slab we build frame house.

Application of heat-reflecting plates.

When using heat-reflecting plates, the front layer base floor prepared a little differently.

1. First, we change the thickness of the board from 4 cm to five centimeters. and the fasteners are carried out scattered, leaving space for the pipes. So that the heating pipe and the plate fit.
2. On top of the resulting layer you can lay a finishing coating (laminate, parquet, etc.).

Application of concrete screed.

We are waiting for the screed to dry completely.

This method is not often used. Since the weight of the resulting layer is enormous. And if suddenly the pipe is damaged, everything will have to be dismantled.

Conclusion

As we can see from everything that has been said, the method of installing the floor of a house using frame technology is not a complicated process; it is necessary to strictly follow the instructions, the device and the order of the structure consisting of several layers.

Everything can be done with your own hands, without the use of non-standard devices and tools.

If you are building a house for yourself, do not try to save on materials. Use only good manufacturers.

The home microclimate depends on the correctly selected thickness, as well as on the order of the laid layers of the “pie”.

A strong, correct floor in a frame house. Rodent mesh.

Nowadays, many people strive to live in environmentally friendly homes. Wood is increasingly being chosen as a construction material. There is nothing surprising. It is easy to process, has a great smell and looks quite impressive. One of the most important elements of a frame house is the floor.

Quality flooring is the key to success

In addition to aesthetic appeal, a frame house should be comfortable and cozy. These indicators are difficult to achieve if it is cold. Some residents are confident that if they have insulated the walls, then their mission is over. This is a serious misconception. It is also necessary to protect the structure from below. Since wood is a natural material that is susceptible to putrefactive processes, it is important to provide reliable waterproofing. We must not forget about the aesthetic appeal of the floor.

To achieve the above goals, it is not enough to simply lay the boards on the surface. This requires a more advanced design.

Floor Pie

The floor must be: uniform, warm, presentable and reliable. The presence of the listed qualities can guarantee a floor laid in several layers:

• Base.
• Steam and heat insulation.
• Rough floor.
• Finish coating.

This design resembles a layer cake. That is why it received such a sonorous name.

Floor installation

The floor is mounted on the floor beams. It must be as strong as possible and extremely light so as not to create additional load on the base of the structure. Here, accurate calculations and precise adjustment of parameters will be excellent allies.

The beams are attached to the foundation. The distance between them is usually about three meters. To create a double floor, logs with a thickness of 5 cm are mounted on top, using a step of 70 cm.

Start installing the rough flooring. Usually an unedged board is used for this. The rough flooring is covered with a heat- and waterproofing layer, onto which the bars are again mounted. They act as the basis for the finishing layer. Typically, the height of the bars does not exceed 3 cm, which ensures natural air circulation between the layers. Now it's time to lay the finishing coat. It is chosen based on personal preferences.

Be sure to insulate the floors as well. Otherwise, over time, mold and mildew may appear. For interfloor ceilings you can do without it. In this case, sound insulation plays an important role, and responsibility for heat conservation and moisture protection is assigned to the first floor. For the attic floor, the floor should also be insulated. This will help level out heat loss through the upper floors.

Wood selection

An equally important factor is the correct choice of wood. Let's look at the most common types:

• Pine. Used if the resin content of the board is low. Pine flooring can give residents a pleasant smell.
• Oak. It is considered a very strong and durable material.
• Maple. Has increased resistance to moisture. Easy to process.
• Larch. The strength of this material can be compared to oak. Has natural protection against insects.

It is imperative to treat the wood with antiseptic compounds that prevent the occurrence of putrefactive processes. You should not neglect the fire retardant, which significantly reduces the flammability of the board.