Planting and use of tricolor violet. Violet tricolor: unique medicinal properties Violet tricolor family

Useful and beautiful plant known in folk recipes due to its unsurpassed medicinal properties. The special science of pharmacognosy identifies the following in the flower formula: healing properties:

• Expectorant. Excellent product, which not only stimulates expectoration, but also thins sputum.
• Diuretic. Improves and regulates kidney function, and also promotes the removal of urine from the body.
• Emetic. An excellent remedy for poisoning, nausea and intoxication.

The tricolor violet has some similarities with the herb called “maryannik”, so in order to avoid unpleasant consequences, you should very carefully select raw materials for workpieces. For the preparation, only the upper part is taken. Recipes usually include leaves, flowers and stems, and less often fruits.
Folk recipes They suggest using the plant in the form of healthy teas, medicinal decoctions and infusions, fragrant baths and lotions.

Description

Tricolor violet received popular name « pansies", thanks to the bizarre shape of the flowers. In addition to its beauty, it is also known for its healing properties. The unpretentiousness of the plant is determined by the region where the plant grows. Initially, tricolor violet was wild plant, thanks to which she can now adapt to almost any conditions. The flower is an annual or biennial herbaceous plant from the violet family, its height, as described by biologists, is usually from 10 to 30 cm, the flowering period is from early spring, bears fruit from June.

Tricolor violet medicinal properties and contraindications

Medicinal beneficial features plants have a wide and varied range of uses:

• elimination of inflammation;
• fight against microbes;
• relieving painful spasms;
• disinfection treatment;
• calming relaxing effect;
• diaphoretic strong action;
• safe blood purification;
• rapid healing of wounds;
• active contraction of the uterus after labor.

Contraindications for use for medical purposes are associated with overdose and sensitivity of the individual organism to the components of the phytocomposition of the flower. In case of severe liver diseases, and especially with hepatitis, taking the herb is also undesirable.

Medicinal properties

Most often specialists in folk medicine insist that the herb from the Violet tricolor plant is the most effective. Most often it is used in infusions.

Indications for use:

• in the form of tea to stimulate labor;
• as a diaphoretic and diuretic infusion to overcome the symptoms of rheumatism, rickets, and some lung diseases;
• the steam from the plant is good for difficulties in expectoration and treatment of cold cough;
• baths and ointments are good for treating and cauterizing scrofulous scabs;
• Medicine suggests using tea to cleanse the blood in the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases.

After using medicinal products based on violet tricolor, the urine acquires a “cat” smell.

Contraindications

1. Botanists and specialists in the field of herbal medicine classify the plant as poisonous.
2. Individual intolerance to the components of the phytocomposition can cause allergies and serious consequences.
3. If abused, you can easily provoke irritation of the intestines.
4. It is forbidden to take the plant for more than a month; pauses and breaks should be taken.

Before choosing any recipe or remedy based on tricolor violet, you should consult a doctor, since an individual course of treatment is developed for each.

The use of violets in folk medicine

Medicinal herb tricolor violet has found distribution and use in the treatment of the following diseases:

1. symptoms of acute respiratory infections;
2. types of cough in which expectoration is complicated;
3. inflammatory bowel processes and Bladder;
4. skin diseases with rashes, acne.

Squeezed fresh juice, for example, is useful in treating ulcers in the mouth and genitals.
To prepare a decoction, traditional medicine recipes usually recommend pouring 1 tbsp and leaving for 2 hours. a spoonful of herbs in a glass of boiling water. For external use it is made more concentrated (3 tablespoons).
Violet essential oil is also of great value. It is worth its weight in gold among perfumers, but is not without healing properties:

1. reduces headaches and dizziness;
2. fights pustular skin diseases;
3. calms and strengthens cardiac activity.

Decoction

A decoction of tricolor violet for coughs is known in medicine for children. His recipe is simple: infuse 10 g of herb in a glass of boiling water. Drink ¼ cup after straining. Be vigilant and take precautions. For example, for young children, the herb has contraindications for use as a medication. Therefore, you should limit yourself to 1 glass of decoction per day.

Infusion

An infusion of tricolor violet for vomiting is also known. Due to its therapeutic antitoxic properties, it is successfully used as an antidote for not very complex poisonings. Severe cases should not be treated with homeopathy, in case of emergency You should always consult a doctor.
We present to your attention classic recipe infusion: 1 tablespoon of raw material is poured with a glass of boiling water and kept in a warm place for 2 hours.

It is not known for certain when and how pansies appeared. There are many legends about the origin of this flower., but which of them are true and which are not is unknown. Already during the reign of the Gods on Earth they already existed.

One day, the goddess Venus decided to swim away from human eyes. She found a hidden corner in a remote grotto. She splashed in the water for a long time, and suddenly heard a rustling sound. Turning around, she saw several eyes of curious mortals.

Venus was angry and punished them for their curiosity. Unable to punish them on her own, she turned to Zeus for help, but at the last moment he changed his mind and turned the curious into pansies.

In Germany they call pansies stepmother. This name was not invented by chance.

The lower petal is the largest and most beautiful. It symbolizes a dressed-up stepmother. The other two, which are located a little higher, are beautifully dressed daughters, but the last two remaining are stepdaughters in poor clothes.

The legend has been preserved. At first, the stepmother was upstairs and the stepdaughters were downstairs. That was until God intervened. He took pity on his stepdaughters and turned the flower over. The stepmother got a spur, and the daughters got mustaches.

General description of tricolor violet

Violet tricolor – a plant with an erect, thin and branched stem with a height of 10-20 cm. The arrangement of the leaves is regular. Their shape is round and heart-shaped. They are adjacent to large lyre-shaped stipules.

The stem leaves are sessile, and the lower leaves are petiolate. On long stalks, single, large flowers open with irregular shape. They reach a diameter of 3.5 cm. One corolla is formed by five petals, which do not repeat each other in shape.

The lowest petal is white or yellow color. It is larger than the two upper blue-violet or dark purple petals and the two light purple side petals.

After the pansies fade, a box forms. Once it dries a little, it will crack and expose the seeds.

Is this plant annual or perennial?

Pansies - perennials. Most amateur gardeners buy in two- or annual plants. Why not perennials? The fact is that Over the years, a once beautiful flower loses its beauty and uniqueness. He gets old after 3 years. Because of this, the buds become smaller, and over time they do not form at all.

Photo

Appearance

What does an annual or biennial terrestrial herbaceous plant look like?

Root

At the pansies thin, tap root, lightly branched, brown in color. It penetrates the ground almost vertically.

Stem

It is also branchy. It is triangular. The stem is either pubescent or bare. The hairs are bent downwards. It's hollow inside. Its height is 10-30, occasionally 45 cm. Sometimes several creeping and erect stems extend from one root.

Leaves

The arrangement of the leaves is regular. They are petiolate. They can be either glabrous or sparsely hairy along the veins. Form lower leaves– broadly ovate. The petioles are long.

The upper leaves look different. They already have an oblong-lanceolate shape. The petioles on them are already short. Each leaf has two stipules. Their shape is pinnately lyre-shaped. They are longer than leaf petioles.

Frontal simple raceme – type of inflorescence. In due time, zygomorphic flowers appear on the peduncles of pansies. Peduncles emerge singly from the leaf axils. At the top of the peduncles, very close to the flower, there are two small bracts.

The calyx of the flower is formed by five leaves. It does not fall off after flowering. The shape of the leaflets is elongated-lanceolate, pointed. They are delicately hairy. The lower sepals are larger in size than the upper ones. The corollas are assembled from five free petals.

Predominant in color Blue colour and its various shades. All the petals that make up a flower different shapes and size. There are many legends about the flowers and their color, but pansies are what they are – beautiful, unique and memorable.

The number of stamens is five. They are pressed to the pestle. They come into contact with the anthers and filaments, which are short and barely noticeable. The flower has one pistil.

Seeds and fruits

After the pansies fade, the fruit will form. It is a greenish box with a length of up to ten millimeters. The seeds in it are located close to the walls. The box is surrounded by a calyx. When it is fully ripe, three doors will open and the seeds will fall out.

The seeds are small. Their length is 1.25-1.75 mm, and their width and thickness are 0.75-1 mm. Their shape is obovate. There is a small appendage. They are either light yellow or light brown. If pansies are planted early, they will bloom early and produce their first seeds in June.

One box can contain up to 3 thousand seeds with a total weight of 1.5 g. If you collect the seeds and organize proper storage, they will retain their germination capacity for up to 2 years.

The most popular varieties

There are two categories of plant varieties. The first is large-flowered, and the second is small-flowered. Amateur flower growers buy large-flowered pansies. They make a mistake because small-flowered varieties are stronger and hardier. They are not afraid of rain or temperature changes.

Pansies - name garden variety. Scientific name: Wittrock violet.

There are three types of plants: tricolor violet, yellow violet and Altai violet. Breeders have created many varieties and cultivar groups, using the species listed above as a basis.

Small-flowered

1. Blue boy. This variety has a small flower. Its diameter is 3-4 cm, and its color is blue-blue.
2. Snow Maiden. The diameter of the flower is small - up to 4 centimeters, and the buds themselves are snow-white.
3. Little Red Riding Hood. Variety with flowers bright red up to four centimeters.

Gigantic

1. Golden yellow. The flowers reach a diameter of 7 cm. They are monochromatic and their color is golden yellow.
2. White. The color of the buds is white with a visible yellowish-greenish tint. The edges of the petals are wavy.
3. Blue. The buds are violet-blue. Their edges are smooth. The 7-centimeter flower holds well on an 11-centimeter peduncle.

Medicinal properties

Tricolor violet has healing medicinal properties due to its extraordinary composition. It contains ascorbic acid, coumarins, salicylic acid, tannins, saponins, tannins, essential oils, violoquercitrin, etc. The richness of the composition determines effective assistance in illness.

• Expectorant.
• Diuretic.
• Anti-inflammatory.
• Antibacterial and antimicrobial.
• Antispasmodic.
• Choleretic.
• Sweatshop.
• Blood cleanser.
• Calming.
• Relieving itching.
• Healing wounds.

Teas, infusions and decoctions are prepared from the plant to help a person recover faster. Along with them, traditional medicines are taken. It is recommended to treat diseases of the respiratory system with infusions and decoctions of pansies.(for example, bronchial diseases, tuberculosis, pneumonia).

Nasal drops made from the plant help with a runny nose and sinusitis. Newborns experience itching and inflammation after mosquito bites. Traditional medicine made from tricolor violet has been dealing with them for a long time.

To cure severe diathesis in a child, prepare an infusion:

1. Take four parts of string and violet and one part of bittersweet nightshade.
2. All components are mixed.
3. 10 grams herbal collection pour 250 ml of boiling water.
4. Two hours after infusion, take the infusion orally.

The dose is 15 ml, and the frequency of administration is 5 times a day. The infusion is added to the bath when washing the baby.

Taking decoctions from it internally, they fight nervous tension, insomnia, fatigue, irritability and anxiety. It helps people with arthritis and dermatitis, gout and eczema. Doctors recommend brewing tricolor violet herb to patients with severe cough, vitamin deficiency, polyarthritis, and skin diseases.

It is taken orally by women who have given birth and whose uterine bleeding does not stop. Decoctions and infusions will help patients with the following diagnoses: asthma, hernia, scrofula, arthritis.

What do they symbolize?

Pansies are a symbol of devotion, fidelity and wisdom.. Since they are the first to bloom after the snow melts in the spring, they symbolize spring.

Many legends have been formed not only about the flower, but also about its origin. An old belief says that one day the girl Anyuta showed excessive curiosity, becoming interested in the details of someone else's life. As punishment they turned her into a flower. The Romans believed that the flower appeared because of Venus’s anger at men spying on her bathing.

Rus' has its own legends. Because of love, the girl Anyuta turned into a flower. She fell in love with the young man, and he reciprocated her feelings. Since he was from a wealthy family, his parents insisted on his marriage to another, wealthier girl. Anyuta could not stand his betrayal and weak will. She died.

There was another girl, Anyuta, who sent her betrothed to the war, from which he did not return. She looked through all her eyes, peering into the distance, and died without waiting. In the place where she was waiting for him, a flower of wondrous beauty and extraordinary blossomed.

And absolutely scary tale lastly. In one village there lived a girl Anyuta. She was kind and trusting. One day a handsome young man came to her village. The girl could not resist him, she trusted him, but he deceived her. He promised to return for her, but did not return.

Anyuta soon died of melancholy, and marvelous flowers bloomed on her grave, similar to her unusual eyes. They contained white (mutual feelings), and yellow (surprise at the act), and purple (collapsed hopes and sadness) spots.

Conclusion

Pansies are a beautiful flower about which legends and stories are made. It not only has unusual buds with multi-colored spots depending on the variety. He is a real helper in diseases when traditional medicine is less effective.

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Viola tricolor L.

Greetings, dear readers!

Today I will tell you about the medicinal properties and contraindications of tricolor violet, an amazing and useful plant in all respects.

Tricolor violet description. Tricolor violet is an annual or biennial herbaceous plant, belongs to the Violet family (Violaceae), class dicotyledonous, with a branched pubescent stem 10 - 20 cm tall. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, ovate, serrated along the edges with large pinnately divided stipules.

Flowers are on long stalks with a corolla of 5 petals, the upper petals are usually colored dark blue or purple, the side ones are lighter, the bottom one is yellow or white with dark stripes, the central part of the flower is orange-yellow - hence its specific name. The fruit is a three-leaf capsule, each capsule contains about 3000 seeds.

Tricolor violet is distributed throughout the European part of Russia, as well as in the south Western Siberia. Violet is one of the first spring flowers, blooms from April - May, when the sun warms up, and is found everywhere in fields and meadows, on the edges of bushes, along roads, in arable lands and vegetable gardens.

For many peoples, the violet is considered a symbol of reviving nature. Many types of violets are found throughout to the globe, have long been valued by people as medicinal plants. In Colombia they treat fever, in Brazil they treat upper respiratory tract diseases.

The ancient Romans called violet tricolor flower Jupiter. An ancient Roman myth tells about the origin of this flower. One day, on a hot day, Venus happily bathed in a remote grotto so that no one would see her. Suddenly, turning around, she saw several shepherd boys looking at her in surprise from behind the stones. Angry, she turned to Jupiter and demanded death for the overly curious youths. But this demand seemed very harsh to Jupiter, especially since he himself enjoyed the contemplation of the bathing Venus, and he limited himself to turning the shepherdesses into big-eyed flowers, on which the surprised expression on the faces of the young pranksters was forever frozen.

The scientific name of the genus Viola is the ancient Roman name for violet, as in ancient times any violet was called, derived from the Greek word ion - “violet”, and is its diminutive form. The scientific species name tricolor translates as “three-colored” and is explained by the color of the corolla of the flower. Other common names for violets: three-flowered, brothers, field brothers, pansies, half-flower, hatchets.

Violet tricolor medicinal properties

In the 11th century, in one of the medicinal treatises of Odo of Mena, it was written about the medicinal properties of the tricolor violet herb:

If you apply grated ones, they will help inflamed areas;
Drink and the hops will go away, and a heavy head will be treated
Only the scent of a flower, or a crowning wreath of violets;
If you soak them in water and drink them, your gums will be healed.
Its grated roots are dried in combination with vinegar.
And the spleen: they drink them or apply them to the area;
This way, they say, hot gout is also cured,
So, it relieves both cough and shortness of breath in children.
According to Pliny, it has the properties of licorice.

Tricolor violet herb contains anthocyanins, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, tannins, essential oil containing methyl salicytate, it also contains potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, trace elements - manganese, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, chromium and others.

Violet tricolor has anti-inflammatory properties, which are associated with the presence of essential oil and mucus-like substances that enhance the secretion of bronchial glands and facilitate the secretion of sputum, having an antiseptic effect in the area gastrointestinal tract. Tricolor violet is mainly used in medicine as an expectorant and cough softener, for acute respiratory diseases, chronic bronchitis and bronchopneumonia, and for whooping cough.

Violet herb has a diuretic and diaphoretic effect, improves metabolism, is used for inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and bladder, for kidney stones, for joint diseases, as well as in dermatology - for urticaria, non-healing wounds, trophic ulcers, even skin cancer , for eczema, furunculosis, diathesis and various rashes.

Another common related species of violets field violet Viola arvensis Murr.

Description field violet . If the plant has large, dark purple or blue, tricolor flowers, it is a tricolor violet. If the flowers are small, their upper petals are white, and the lower petals are yellow with a brown eye in the middle and thin veins - this is a field violet, it has the same medicinal properties. It also grows everywhere and is used along with tricolor violet.

Both types of violets are harvested for medicinal purposes. Tricolor violet and field violet herbs are harvested during flowering from May to August. The entire above-ground part is used, the grass is cut with a knife or scissors.

Dry by hanging in bunches or spread out thin layer 5 - 7 cm thick on paper or canvas in a ventilated area; It is allowed to dry in ovens at a temperature not exceeding 40 degrees, dry until the stems become brittle. The color of the raw material is dark green, the taste is sweet and slimy. Dried violet herb can be stored for 1.5 years.

Violet grass tricolor application

For tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, whooping cough,

for gout, arthritis, articular rheumatism:

1. Infusion of tricolor violet:

• Place two tablespoons of dry crushed violet herb in an enamel bowl, pour in 200 ml of chilled boiled water, close the lid and heat in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes, stirring occasionally. Insist on room temperature 45 minutes, strain. Squeeze out the remaining raw materials, adjust the volume of the resulting infusion boiled water up to 200 ml.
• Two tbsp. spoons of dry crushed violet herb, pour 1 cup of boiling water, cover with a lid, leave, tightly wrapped, for 1 hour, strain, add to 200 ml.

2. Decoction of tricolor violet:

Two tables. spoons of dried crushed violet herb pour 1 cup of boiling water, boil in a water bath or low heat 15 minutes, leave for 10 - 15 minutes, strain, squeeze, add boiled water to 200 ml.

Take 1 tbsp of violet infusion or decoction warm. spoon 3 - 4 times a day for 2 - 3 weeks. Shake the infusion before use. Store in a cool place for no more than 2 days.

To enhance expectoration, take the infusion 1/3 - 1/2 cup 2 - 3 times a day.

Attention! With greater use of the infusion, irritation of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract may occur - nausea, vomiting; the amount of the drug used must be reduced.

In folk medicine, infusions of violet herbs are used for rheumatism, gout, as an antiallergic and blood purifier. Therapeutic effect due to the presence of a large amount of salicylates in the plant.

Violet infusion and decoction are used for bronchial asthma, kidney stones and cystitis.

Infusions and decoctions of the tricolor violet herb were used in the treatment of epilepsy, they calm nervous system, with enuresis - bedwetting.

Violet tricolor herb is included in expectorant preparations for respiratory diseases :

• leaves - 20 g,
• plantain big leaves— 30 ​​g
• licorice naked root – 30 g
• violet tricolor grass— 20 g

Two tbsp. Add 1 cup of cold boiled water to spoons of the mixture, simmer over low heat for 15 minutes, and strain after cooling. Take the decoction warm, 1/3 cup 3 times a day after meals for bronchitis.

• Violet herb - 1 part
• sundew grass - 1
• large plantain leaves - 1
• fennel fruits - 1

One tbsp. Pour a spoonful of the mixture into a glass of boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Take 1/4 cup 3 - 4 times a day for convulsive cough, whooping cough.

• Primrose flowers - 1 part
• sundew grass - 1
• licorice root - 1
• violet root - 2
• cumin fruits - 2

One tbsp. Pour a spoonful of the mixture into a glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes, strain. Take 1/4 - 1/3 cup 3 - 4 times a day after meals for cough, whooping cough, bronchitis, bronchial asthma.

Violet herb is included in the fees for the treatment of urinary tract :

• Juniper fruits - 1 part
• violet herb - 1
• lovage root - 1
• flax seed - 1

Pour one tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, boil for 10 minutes, leave for 1 hour. Take 1/3 - 1/2 cup 3 - 4 times a day for bladder inflammation.

For psoriasis infusion of violet tricolor herb assembled:

• Tricolor violet herb – 10 g
• celandine herb - 10 g

One tbsp. Pour 1 cup of boiling water over a spoonful of the mixture and cover with a lid. Leave for 1.5 hours, strain. Take 2 - 3 tbsp. spoons of infusion 3 - 5 times a day before meals.

In Rus', tricolor violet was used for dental problems. For loose teeth, drink violet infusion: 1 tbsp. a spoonful of dry violet herb or 1.5 tablespoons of chopped fresh herb in 2 cups of boiling water or taken in the form of violet herb powder 0.6 - 4 g with sugar 2 times a day.

Contraindications:

• Gastritis and peptic ulcer and duodenum during the period of exacerbation.
• Preparations from the violet herb are contraindicated for hepatitis and glomerulonephritis.
• Pregnancy, lactation - breastfeeding.
• Children's age up to 12 years.
• Individual intolerance.

Violet preparations should not be used for a long time; the plant contains alkaloids. It is recommended to take the course for no more than 1 month, then there should be a 1-month break.

Violet tricolor application in cosmetology

Due to the variety of biologically active substances, tricolor violet herb is successfully used in cosmetology, taking into account the anti-inflammatory, astringent properties of the plant.

For oily seborrhea of ​​the face, head (disease of the sebaceous glands of the skin), in the treatment of abrasions, pustular skin diseases, violet tricolor herb is used in the form of infusions and lotions. Gathered with others medicinal plants It is useful to rinse your hair after washing your hair.

For oily skin, acne:

Use tricolor violet juice in the form of poultices, compresses or lubricants for inflamed areas.

When treated with tricolor violet, the skin condition gradually improves, the functioning of the sebaceous glands is normalized.

For dermatitis, take an infusion of tricolor violet orally - it relieves skin itching and improves general condition. The infusion is also recommended for external use in the form of baths and lotions.

Tricolor violet tea:

One tbsp. Pour a spoonful of tricolor violet herb with a glass of boiling water, leave for 10 minutes, strain. Drink 1/3 glass 3 times a day. Tea has a diuretic, diaphoretic, blood purifying effect, and will help in the treatment of many skin diseases: scrofula, eczema, neurodermatitis, and atherosclerosis. General state improves after a month of use.

For children with prickly heat and skin irritation, it is good to bathe them in a bath with a decoction of violet and string herbs in equal parts:

• Violet herb - 2 tablespoons
• string grass - 2 tbsp. spoons

Pour 0.5 liters of boiled water into the herb mixture, boil for 15 minutes, stirring, under a closed lid. Let cool, strain, add to a bath with warm water.

For the treatment of diathesis in children, the use of a herbal collection known as Averin tea :

• Violet herb - 4 parts
• string grass - 4
• bittersweet nightshade herb - 1

Brew one tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, cover with a lid. After cooling, strain. Give children 1 tablespoon to drink 3 times a day. This tea is used for baths and washings of children with scrofula.

Fragrant violet description. In the European part of the country, in the Crimea and the Caucasus, it grows in forests and among bushes. fragrant violet Viola odorata L. is a perennial plant with a creeping rhizome 5–15 cm tall, producing rooted shoots that bloom in the second year. The flower petals are purple, whitish at the base. It has many medicinal properties and is also used in folk medicine. Since ancient times it has been bred as an ornamental and essential oil plant.

More than a hundred years ago, tricolor violet was introduced into cultivation. Cultural forms violets also have medicinal properties, but to a lesser extent.

Garden pansies originated from crossing the tricolor violet with other types of violets - mainly Altai violet and yellow violet. Over time, countless decorative varieties violets.

Violets were Goethe's favorite flowers. In honor of the poet German gardeners Large-flowered varieties were bred, naming them after the characters of his works: an almost black variety was called Doctor Faust, a bright red variety was called Mephistopheles, and a pale blue variety was called Margarita. In the south of France and Northern Italy, near Parma, Parma violet is grown - a large-flowered, double variety of fragrant violet, it is used for the production of perfume.

Watch the video, there are a lot of useful tips here:

How to grow pansies

The British consider pansies a symbol of love and fidelity. If you send someone an image of this flower on Valentine's Day - February 14 - it will be tantamount to declaring your love to that person.

This is so useful, healing, very beautiful and interesting plant violet tricolor, thanks people's love surrounded by many legends.

Read also on this topic:

Be healthy and happy! All the best!

See you on the pages of the site!

Violets, moths, pansies - these are the loving names of these delicate plants that delight us from the very first warm weather. April days until the end of summer.

They bloom, despite the still very cold nights, competing with primroses, and can have different shades and colors even in the same clearing.

If you plant a wild violet on your plot, it will never leave you.

The seeds formed on the violet scatter over a distance of up to 2 meters.

The same beautiful plants will constantly grow from the scattered seeds, appearing either on the lawn or in the flower garden, while nothing has bloomed there yet.

The violet can be placed in a rocky garden, on an alpine hill and near an artificial pond.

It will delight you not only with its colorful colors, but will also give you the opportunity to stock up on medicinal raw materials from colds for the long winter.

Yellow-eyed Anyutka

This is not a joke at all!

After all, Pansies

They blossomed like in a wonderful fairy tale!

Blue - naughty

And they are bottomless.

Yellow and blue

As if with white frost.

As if they sat on the meadows

Moths of all shades!

Among the Slavic peoples, many conspiracies for love and for a betrothed were associated with the field violet. Girls wove wreaths from it and scattered its buds in order to quickly get married.

Tricolor violet - find and recognize

Violet tricolor is an annual or biennial herbaceous plant - 10-35 cm in height. Single multi-colored violet flowers bloom on pedicels emerging from the axils of ovoid leaves and consist of five unequal petals. They can be from 1.5 to 3 cm in diameter, depending on the conditions in which the plant grows. Tricolor violets can be found in meadows, forest glades and along roadsides throughout our country.

To the country first aid kit

WITH therapeutic purpose They collect violet stems and flowers and dig up the roots. Violet tricolor herb is used as an anti-inflammatory, diuretic, disinfectant, diaphoretic and sedative. It contains vitamin C, and is also widely used as an expectorant in the form of infusion and mixture for catarrh of the respiratory tract.

• The stems, leaves and flowers of violets should be collected during flowering, dried in the shade and stored for up to two years;
• Wine infused with violets is considered medicinal;
• Baths with violet decoction cleanse the skin and are recommended for children with scrofula and prickly heat;
• For stomatitis and toothache, you can chew violet flowers and leaves;
• Violet tea and even just the smell of violets helps with headaches;
• A decoction of violet with honey should be drunk for colds and coughs;
• Tea made from violet leaves and burdock roots will relieve pain from rheumatism, gout and arthritis.

Violet roots serve as an emetic and laxative.

In the form of lotions, tricolor violet is used for allergic dermatitis, eczema, and diathesis. Back in the 19th century in St. Petersburg, the merchant Averin introduced into Russian medicine a medicinal decoction that helped with skin diseases, which was called “Averin tea”. Its composition, in addition to the tricolor violet herb, includes the leaves of the string and shoots of the bittersweet nightshade.

Carefully! An overdose of tricolor violet in decoctions when taken orally can cause nausea and vomiting.

Tricolor violet - planting and care

Tricolor violet can be sown with seeds, collected from wild plants before spreading them in wet weather.

You need to pick off yellowed and dried, but still closed seed boxes, immediately placing them in a bag. If we decompose them into open place, then when dry, the boxes will “shoot out” and you will be left without seeds.

There are gardeners who acquire violets by shaking out the contents of the violet pharmacy, which, of course, also contains its seeds, onto the lawn.

The seeds are lightly sprinkled with soil.

Some of them will sprout immediately, and the plants grown from them will overwinter and bloom already in early spring. The remaining seeds will germinate in the spring, and the flowers will appear in July-August. You can dig up and replant the entire flowering plant, and it will scatter its seeds on your site.

N. STEPANOVA, Associate Professor, Department of Methods of Teaching Biology and Ecology, Russian State Pedagogical University. A.I. Herzen. Photo by the author

Among the early and beautifully flowering cultivated plants, pansies occupy one of the first places in floriculture. The variety of their colors and color combinations is simply incredible: from pure white to almost black with all sorts of shades of yellow, blue, and red. In the center of the flower there is often a spot of original shape and color. In this article we will talk about the most popular types and varieties of pansies, and also share our experience in growing these beautiful flowers.

Pansies - beautiful, like in a fairy tale! © Jon K Content:

Description of the plant

There are two most popular types of this plant - Violet tricolor and Violet Wittrock. They differ in the shape of the flower. F. wittrock has larger flowers, while F. tricolor is a small-flowered plant.

• Pansies, or Violet tricolor (Viola tricolor) - a herbaceous plant common in Europe and temperate regions of Asia; species of the genus Violet of the Violet family.
• Wittrock violet, or garden pansies (Viola × wittrokiana) is a herbaceous plant of hybrid origin of the Violet family. Under this name numerous varieties and variety groups obtained with the participation of tricolor violet ( Viola tricolor), Altai ( Viola altaica) and yellow ( Viola lutea) and some other species.

In ancient times, pansies were credited with the ability to bewitch love: one has only to sprinkle the juice of the plant on the eyelids of a sleeping person and wait for him to wake up - he will fall in love forever. The French and Poles give pansies as a keepsake when they are apart. And in England a tradition was born: a young man who is embarrassed to declare his love just needs to send his chosen one this dried flower and write his name.

Pansies are perennial plants ranging from 15 to 30 cm in height and are usually grown as biennials. Their showy flowers repeat the shape of a violet. The bushes are compact at the beginning of the growing season, then become spreading; the main shoot is erect, root system fibrous. In the axils of the leaves, pansies form peduncles, the ends of which are crowned with single large flowers up to 7 cm in diameter. The special value of pansies lies in their early and abundant flowering. IN middle lane Russia blooms already at the end of April.

Numerous varieties of large-flowered violet are widespread in cultivation - a complex hybrid obtained over many years breeding work. Many modern hybrids are heat-resistant and have the ability to bloom throughout the summer.

Pansy, or Viola tricolor. © Dan Chiriţă
Wittrock's violet, or garden pansy (Víola × wittrokiana). ©Vinayaraj

Growing and care

Use pansies for early spring two-shift floral decoration. In the summer, when it loses its decorative value, it is replaced with summer flowers. But depending on the timing of sowing and the adopted agricultural technology, you can get flowering in summer and late autumn. In this regard, pansies are a very flexible, undemanding and easy-to-cultivate plant.

Pansies are propagated mainly by seeds and green cuttings. Depending on the planned time of flowering, sowing is done at different times. To obtain abundant early spring flowering, seeds are sown in the summer of the previous year.

In the northern and northwestern zones For example, near Leningrad and Murmansk, seeds are sown in open ground (nurseries) in the second ten days of July so that the plants do not develop too much, are not excessively large, and do not bloom in the fall.

Pansies winter-hardy plants, but in the North-West, and sometimes in the middle zone, they freeze and damp out. More often this happens in damp places and when sowing dates are violated. If the seeds are sown in late May-early June, the seedlings bloom in the fall and outgrow. Such plants go into winter already weakened; they do not tolerate winter well and often die out.

Therefore, plants that are well bushed, but not overgrown and not weakened by autumn flowering, tolerate overwintering better, do not wither away and bloom well in the spring of next year. With later, belated sowings, the plants go into winter not strong enough and have little bushiness. They winter worse and bloom later in the spring.

A winter with little snow and severe frosts has a negative effect on the overwintering of pansies. Spring can be especially destructive, when the snow melts very early, thaws begin, and at night there are severe frosts. Therefore, it is advisable to retain snow on ridges with pansies. They do not tolerate low, damp places and especially spring stagnation of water.

Pansies are winter-hardy plants. © albert_zsolt

Propagation of pansies by seeds

To obtain seedlings, sowing is done in nurseries or on well-cultivated ridges in rows; seeds are not sown densely in a row; seedlings appear on the 6-14th day. Regular care: watering, loosening row spacing. The seedlings are spread to other ridges or nurseries, where they should overwinter. The picking distance is 20x20 cm. Picking must be done in a timely manner, preventing the seedlings from stretching and outgrowing.

The next year, early in the spring, the plants quickly begin to grow and bloom. To speed up flowering, the beds can be covered with film in early spring. Pansies in in a flourishing state transplanted into flower beds. To decorate windows and balconies, they are planted in pots or flower boxes.

Caring for plantings in places of registration consists of systematic weeding and loosening. If necessary, watering and pest control is carried out. It is useful to feed seedlings ammonium nitrate and add superphosphate (20-40 g per 1 m2). Pansies do not tolerate fresh manure. To prolong flowering summer time It is necessary to remove all faded flowers to delay the development of fruits, since when seeded the plants stop flowering.

On the poor dry ones, sandy soils Pansies quickly become smaller, especially varieties with gigantic flowers. On such soils it is necessary to apply organic fertilizers in the form of compost and humus (5 kg per 1 m2), fresh manure is not recommended. In a sunny place, pansies produce large and bright flowers. In partial shade they bloom a little longer, but poorer, the flowers are smaller and not so bright.

In the summer, when pansies fade and lose their decorative value, they are dug up and replaced with annuals.

To obtain seeds, the most typical strong compact specimens are selected from among the plants dug up and planted on seed beds (they can easily tolerate replanting in a flowering state). Watering is necessary.

Considering that pansies are cross-pollinating plants, when planting them for seeds, it is necessary to maintain spatial isolation of one variety from another. This will allow you to obtain pure-quality seeds. Seed collection should begin when the boxes turn yellow, otherwise they will quickly crack and the seeds will spill out.

If desired, pansies can be grown as an annual crop. To do this, seeds are sown in February-March in a greenhouse or room in bowls or picking boxes. In April they dive into greenhouses, and in May they are planted in the ground. When sowing in spring, pansies experience long flowering in the summer of the same year. But in terms of the abundance and size of flowers, the annual crop is much inferior to plants grown from last year’s summer sowing.

For autumn flowering, pansies are sown in April-May; they bloom on the 55-70th day.

If desired, pansies can be grown as an annual crop. © bong tuazon

Vegetative propagation

Of great interest vegetative method reproduction hybrid varieties pansies - green cuttings in open ground. It is simple, effective and at the same time allows you to keep the variety pure and get a lot in one summer. planting material. Cuttings are taken from May to July in 2-3 doses. All green terminal shoots with 2-3 nodes are suitable. To do this, low ridges are made in shaded, slightly damp places (under the canopy of trees). They are compacted tightly and watered.

The cuttings are planted tightly to a depth of 0.5 cm, so that the leaves of one cutting are in contact with the leaves of another. On square meter 400 pieces are planted. After planting, spray with water.

In the first days, to avoid wilting, the planted cuttings should be covered with paper soaked in water, creating a more humid atmosphere, which promotes rapid rooting. Care consists of daily watering, spraying, and weeding. After 3-4 weeks, the cuttings give 95-100% rooting. With early (May, June) cuttings, the plants bloom in the summer or autumn of the same year. Later cuttings produce abundant flowering in the spring of next year.

Rooted cuttings are transplanted into ridges or flower beds in the fall. When cuttings are taken very late (August), it is better to leave the rooted plants to overwinter at the cutting sites, covering them with a leaf for the winter. Plants should be planted in flower beds in the spring of next year.

Propagation of hybrid pansies by green cuttings provides rejuvenation of plants, which tend to grow greatly in the third year to the detriment of flowering. From one mother plant You can cut about 10 cuttings at one time, and over the summer - 30-45 pieces.

The best varieties of pansies

Small-flowered varieties

• "Blue Boy"- blue-blue flowers, 3-4 cm in diameter;
• "Snow Maiden"- flowers are white, 3-4 cm in diameter.
• "Little Red Riding Hood"- flowers are bright red, 3.5-4 cm in diameter.

Large-flowered varieties

• "Ice King"- the flower is white with a barely noticeable yellowish-green tint. The lower three petals have purple spots, the edges are smooth. Flower on a long stalk (8-10 cm), up to 5 cm in diameter. Bush height 20 cm.
• "Winter sun"- the flower is bright yellow, on the three lower petals there are dark velvet-brown spots, the edges are uneven. Flower on a long stalk (8-10 cm), 5 cm in diameter. Bush height 20 cm.
• "Heavenly Queen"- the color of the flower when blooming is almost pure blue; in the sun it fades and acquires a light lilac-blue hue. The flower reaches 4.5-5 cm in diameter. The edges of the petals are smooth, the peduncle is long - 9-11 cm. The height of the bush is 20 cm.
• "The Magic of March"- the flower is dark purple, almost black in color when fully blooming. The petals are velvety, the edges are smooth. The flower is 5-5.5 cm in diameter, the peduncle is long (9-10 cm). Bush height 20 cm.
• "Jupiter"- the flower's upper petals are purple-violet at the base and whitish at the top. The color of the three lower petals is also purple-violet, the edges of the petals are even, the pedicels are short (7-8 cm). Bush height 20 cm.
• "Evening Heat"- the flower is brownish-red, on the lower three petals there is more dark spots, the edges of the petals are slightly wavy, the peduncle is long (9-10 cm). The flower reaches 5-5.5 cm in diameter. The bush is low 10-15 cm.

Pansies are ideal for container growing. © Online Plant Guide

Gigantic varieties

• "Blue"- the flower is violet-blue, there are dark purple spots on the three lower petals, the edges of the petal are even, the flower is 6-7 cm in diameter, on a long peduncle (10-11 cm). Bush height 25 cm.
• "White"- the flower is white with a barely noticeable yellowish-greenish tint, reaches 6-7 cm in diameter, the edges of the petals are slightly wavy, the peduncle is long (9-10 cm). Bush 20 cm high.
• "Golden yellow"- the flower is monochromatic, golden-yellow in color, reaches 6-7 cm in diameter, the edges of the petals are even, the peduncle is long (10-12 cm). Bush height 20 cm.

Possible growing problems

Of the pests, pansies can be affected by aphids and cutworms, against which appropriate drugs are used. Diseases that occur if agricultural practices are violated include blackleg, root and stem rot, spotting, and powdery mildew.

Thanks to unpretentiousness and abundant flowering pansies are grown in flower beds and in balcony boxes, decorate plantings of bulbous flowers and alpine coaster. At proper care they will delight you with their flowering from early spring to late autumn.

There is a legend that after many years of waiting, the faithful girl Anyuta turned into this flower, who once saw off her groom to protect his native land, who never returned. And now, like many years ago, pansies stand near the road, “peering” into the distance with hope.