Do-it-yourself submarine: origami diagrams with video. Do-it-yourself submarine: we make a rare type of military equipment with children Homemade submarines drawings
Read also
Source: drugoi.livejournal.com
Captain Nemo from Peter
The only private submarine in the country: five meters long, power reserve - from St. Petersburg to Helsinki and back. Her first voyage almost ended in prison for the designer. But instead he was sent to study at the shipbuilding institute.
The designer and owner of the only personal submarine in Russia, Mikhail Puchkov, does not hide his creation from anyone. However, in the St. Petersburg Yacht Club, among the big boats and snow-white yachts, his submarine does not catch the eye anyway. Perhaps because of the size. A tall man can hardly fit in the only compartment of a single boat.
The smallest submarine in Russia is not comfortable. Previously, the only passenger, who was also the captain and navigator, even had to pedal like on a bicycle. Now the boat has a gasoline engine and batteries. She develops a decent speed even by sea standards - 4 knots.
Naval Museum of St. Petersburg. Another submarine - the same shape, dimensions, even bicycle pedals inside. Year of construction 1881. The boat of Semyon Dzhevetsky is also called the "grandmother of the Russian submarine fleet". The only surviving copy today is one of the main exhibits of the museum. When Mikhail Puchkov began to build his boat, he did not know anything about Dzhevetsky's submarine. Now jokingly calls his offspring her "granddaughter."
The inventor is satisfied with his personal transport. The length of the ship is only 5 meters, but in the surface position the boat can travel a distance, say, from St. Petersburg to Helsinki and back.
The inventor no longer remembers exactly why he decided to build a submarine 20 years ago. Inspired by either the novels of Jules Verne, or the famous Beatles song "Yellow Submarine".
Mikhail assembled his "hidden ship" (as the prototype of modern submarines was called even under Peter the Great) in the attic of a country house in the vicinity of Ryazan. Then he moved to Leningrad. On the banks of the Neva, he secretly launched a makeshift ship, and immediately fell into the nets of local fishermen. Vigilant citizens detained a suspicious submariner.
Mikhail Puchkov, inventor and owner of the submarine: "Well, they called the police ... then they came from the KGB, they watched for a long time, they said - I need to study as a shipbuilder. Then I entered the institute."
It was 1988, and the newly-minted Kulibin was lucky. Later, the operatives told the unlucky designer: if he had been caught four years earlier, he would not have ended up at his desk, but in places not so remote. Now a certified shipbuilder Mikhail Puchkov says: the main thing in any dream is that it does not end. And prepares the boat for the new season.
Mikhail Puchkov: "I have a dream - to paint it yellow and go to England ...".
As a rule, children make unusual toys with great pleasure - those that are rarely seen on store shelves - for example, different types of specialized vehicles. Therefore, on the eve of or Victory Day, they can be offered to make a rare species - a submarine. A submarine is a rather unusual craft for children, and therefore interesting.
To create it, you will need three, which you can take from toilet paper rolls or glue yourself. One sleeve should be orange and the other two blue.
It is better to take ready-made cylinders, since even a preschooler can make a submarine with their own hands from them. Working with homemade cylinders requires more skill and dexterity.
Prepare in advance also a straw for a cocktail, napkins, a blue sheet and a small piece of orange paper. You will need to have glue, scissors and a clerical knife on hand.
Let's get started.
We cut three round holes on the orange sleeve, placing two of them at the same level above the third. This third, lower hole should match the diameter of one of the blue bushings; on the second blue sleeve we cut exactly the same round hole. To get even holes, it is convenient to use a sharp clerical knife.
Now we insert the blue sleeve with a slotted hole inside the orange one, aligning the slots with each other. It turns out the hull of a submarine.
Now we insert the third sleeve into the slot - this will be the hatch of the boat. In it, we fix the cocktail straw with glue - like a periscope.
We wrap napkins in a sheet of blue paper, form a bundle, the thickness of which corresponds to the diameter of the boat hull. We glue the tail of the submarine cut out of orange paper to one of the sides of the bundle.
We insert the bundle into the hull of the boat
In Copenhagen, a port city that breathes history, lives a brave Dane who wants to write his own page in the history of Denmark. Peter Medson, a former mechanical engineering student, dropped out and, with the help of friends and a small amount of sponsorship money, built three makeshift submarines. But the last of them does not compare with the previous two. This is the largest homemade submarine ever created by amateur designers.
The self-made submarine was called "UC3 Nautilus" and has a length of 17.7 m, a width of 6 m, and a displacement of 32 tons. When submerged, the boat displaces about 40 tons of water.
Peter worked on the Nautilus for three years, with no clear design and technical documentation, but only sketches on paper, a piece of steel pipe and a plan that was born in the engineer's head. But the enthusiasm, which grew into a dream, soon embodied in the original submarine. Of course, the designer was assisted by 20 volunteers, who were also “sick” with his desire to create a homemade submarine. The engineer believes that anyone familiar with metal welding can build a boat.
The self-made submarine "UC3 Nautilus" is designed for 8 people for a one-day sea trip, or for 3 people for a transatlantic voyage. The power plant of the submarine is diesel-electric.
The first homemade submarine by a Danish engineer named Freya, was built in 2002. It is 7 m long and has a displacement of 3.5 tons. After 500 successful dives, the submarine's ballast tanks corroded, rendering it unusable. Now she stands in a quiet corner of the waters of the port of Copenhagen.
Peter Medson's second homemade submarine has a name Kraka, made on the model of the German submarine series VII, during the Second World War. This project of a homemade submarine turned out to be very successful, so that she still plows the sea waters, making dives near Copenhagen.
Third makeshift submarine Nautilus is 5 times larger than its predecessors. The principle of operation of the submarine, as in typical diesel-electric submarines. On the surface, the homemade boat runs on a diesel engine. Bow and stern ballast tanks are filled with air. To perform a dive, the pilot of the boat opens the valves and water fills the ballast tanks through a hole in the bottom of the boat.
The boat is submerged. Under water, a makeshift submarine switches to battery power. Trim tanks stabilize the submarine, while horizontal and vertical rudders control movement up, down and sideways. Sonar and video periscope provide navigation above water and at depth. To rise to the surface, the designer blows ballast tanks with compressed air, displacing water, reducing the specific gravity of the homemade boat and raising it to the surface.
After a successful launch in 2008, the UC3 Nautilus has not yet become a real submarine. After 6 months of technical improvements, the amateur boat triumphantly made its first dive in a quiet corner of the harbor of Copenhagen, under the supervision of hundreds of admirers of a talented engineer, becoming the largest home-made submarine in the world.
The important point in these designs is not the submarines themselves, but the goals that were achieved thanks to only enthusiasm.
What could be a better gift for a sailor on Defender's Day than a ship model? Let the simplest, but made by hand! A chic model of a submarine is easy to make from the simplest and most unexpected materials.
You will need:
- case from a large cracker;
- a smooth plastic ball (Christmas tree, for example), suitable for a cracker in diameter;
- a cap from an antiperspirant (the cap from Mennen Speed Stick is ideal in shape);
- cardboard;
- a tin cover from conservation;
- 1 match;
- 1 cotton swab;
- scissors;
- awl;
- glue;
— black paint in a can.
Manufacturing:
The hull of the boat will be a cracker on which all other parts of the submarine are attached.
We cut a hole approximately in the middle of the cracker body into which we insert a cap - a cabin (fencing of retractable devices).
We make the stern of the boat from a cardboard cone. We also cut out rudders, bow and stern depth rudders from cardboard.
You can fix the steering wheels by making protrusions on them and slots in the body: this is more reliable, but more difficult. It is easier to bend the edges and glue the tail to the cone.
From the tin cover with scissors (not manicure, but good scissors for cutting), we cut out the screw. Having bent the blades, we make a hole in the center with an awl and fix the screw on the stern with the help of an axis made of a match. The propeller of the submarine is even spinning! If it's hard to make 6 blades, try three or four.
We glue the aft part with the hull - the most difficult part of the work is done!
The nose part is much easier to make: you just need to put the ball into the cracker body about halfway and fasten it tightly. Get a rounded bow of the submarine.
Stepping back a little, we glue the bow depth rudders.
Having made two holes in the roof of the superstructure with an awl red-hot on fire, we insert an antenna and a periscope made from a cotton swab rod: one is shorter, the other is longer.
The assembly is over, it's time to start painting.
The fastest and easiest way to paint our boat is from a spray can. What a beauty this is! Only the tail number is missing.
It can be written with a proofreader, but it is better to make it clear and beautiful, print white letters and numbers on a black background and stick it on the superstructure of the boat from both sides.
Submarine goes to sea!
Interested in how to make a DIY submarine model? In our article you will find instructions that describe each construction stage in great detail. In addition, here will be a list of necessary materials and tools that may be needed for the job. This information will be useful to anyone who decides to do modeling or just wants to know more information about the design of submarines.
Buy a model in a store or make it yourself?
Decided to make a radio-controlled model with your own hands? Such an occupation will take quite a lot of time, and will also require a huge supply of patience from the master. Perhaps it is easier to buy a ready-made toy in a special store? They also provide a guarantee for the product. For a person who does not like to do something on their own and is not used to counting money, such a decision will seem quite justified. However, not everyone has the opportunity to spend several thousand on a model, the cost of which is a couple of hundred, because one of the most budgetary materials, wood, is usually used to model submarines.
In addition, do not forget that during the manufacturing process you will experience a sea of unforgettable impressions, especially if you are doing this process for the first time. To create a work of art from rough material is the destiny of true masters who can cope with absolutely any task. Well, if you decide to make a model of a submarine with your own hands as a gift to another person, then you can be sure that the birthday boy will remember this day for a long time and will keep your present with special care. Perhaps it will even become a family heirloom and will be passed down from generation to generation.
If your childhood was in the nineties of the last century, then you probably remember that there were quite a few toys in the post-Soviet space. For any child, a radio-controlled car seemed like a real treasure, since such a product could only be found on sale in large cities. But almost everywhere, DIY nabobs were sold, with the help of which it was possible to make models of aircraft, cars, motorcycles, ships, and so on. Just according to the instructions from one such set, we offer our readers to make a model of a submarine.
List of required materials
Making a model of a submarine with your own hands is a rather long and painstaking process that will require a huge amount of patience and skills in handling classical instruments from the master. In addition, you will also need to stock up on some building materials that will make up the future model:
- a sheet of plywood 3 mm thick and 210x55 mm in size;
- rubber tourniquet with a length of at least 400 millimeters (can be bought at a pharmacy);
- lead in the amount of 5 grams or a regular weight for a fishing rod;
- tin from a tin can or other metal object;
- waterproof paint (acrylic, oil or nitro enamel).
If you want to add some element to your model that is not taken into account by our instructions, then you should include a few additional items in the list of materials in advance so as not to be distracted during the work. By the way, all the necessary components that cannot be found at home are best purchased at a construction base (paint, plywood, tin), since the prices for products there are much lower than in a regular hardware store.
What tools will be needed for the job?
To make a model of a submarine or a ship with your own hands, you will have to use some tools, without which it will not be possible to process the material correctly. By the way, it is strongly not recommended to use alternative options for those tools that cannot be found on the farm, since the quality of the future model may suffer from this. It is best to borrow the missing items from friends or buy them in the store. Here is a small list of the main tools that you may need in the process:
- manual or electric jigsaw - for working with wood and plywood;
- any waterproof glue - necessary for gluing wood;
- pliers - for unbending a can;
- brushes are indispensable for painting.
Of course, this list can be significantly expanded depending on the materials that you decide to use to make a submarine. For example, if you decide to attach a small RC motor to the model, you will need to use a lot of connecting wires and insulation. Well, in the event that the master decides to make a 3D model of a submarine, then this will require even more different tools that will allow you to plan out the base from a full-fledged piece of wood.
Creation of drawings for a submarine
Despite the fact that the Shark submarine model, the instructions for creating which you will find in the following sections, does not differ in complex details, it is worth leaving the drawings on a piece of paper in advance so that you always have an image of the future model in front of your eyes. Remember that even the slightest mistake in the calculations can lead to the fact that the parts, in the end, do not fit together, and time will be wasted. The same goes for those cases if you decide to make a 3D model of a German submarine or any other submarine. A competent drawing is already half of successful work.
By the way, it is recommended for a novice master to start with 2D models, since you do not need to have serious skills to make them. It will be enough to transfer the drawing to a sheet of plywood, and then carefully cut the workpiece with a jigsaw. If you have a printer, you can use the picture above. Just print out the drawing on a sheet of paper, then carefully cut out the base of the submarine with scissors and attach the resulting drawing to the plywood in order to circle it with a pencil. In this case, the main part of the work will be practically completed.
Workpiece processing and work with small parts
We begin to make a model of a submarine with our own hands from wood. As soon as the workpiece is sawn using the technology described in the previous section, it is necessary to carefully process the saw cuts, since they can easily be injured in case of careless handling. This can be done with medium grit sandpaper. All edges should be smoothed especially well, and burrs should also be removed.
If you pay attention to the drawing, you can see several slots in the submarine model. They are made so that the master can then insert steering blades into them, which are also cut out of a plywood sheet and well processed with sandpaper. The steering wheel should be rubbed with special care so that a part with a rounded front is formed. Thus, the submarine will look even more realistic.
It is necessary to glue the steering wheel using ordinary water-repellent glue. Be sure to follow the instructions on the packaging during this process! Remember that for the connection of two parts, squeezing strength is important, not duration. It will be enough to properly fix the parts in one place and press them well against each other. After that, the glue will do the rest of the work.
What is the propeller shaft made of?
Any submarine must have propellers that ensure its movement through the sea. Even if you make another model of a submarine - "Stars", for example - then this element must be present on the submarine without fail. You can make it from an ordinary pharmacy tourniquet, and attach it with a pin that has a ring-shaped needle at the end. A thread for the future rubber motor is passed through this very ring, and a propeller is attached to the opposite end. The easiest way to do this is with glue.
As for the hole for the shaft, you can make it with the help of hot iron on fire. For example, you can heat the same pin so that the hole is perfectly sized for the motor. However, do not rush, because any sailor knows that the sailing ability of the boat depends on the correct location of the propellers. Alternatively, you can use a conventional screwdriver or a drill with a thin drill for fastening.
It may happen that after burning or drilling, the stern of the submarine becomes less durable than its bow. To prevent breakage, it is recommended to additionally wrap the structure with strong threads dipped in water-repellent glue. You don't have to worry that this will give the submarine an unnatural look, as the model will be covered in several coats of paint.
Painting work
Have you decided to make your own "Pike" - a model of a radio-controlled submarine? Such a design will look pretty solid, but you are unlikely to be able to convey its aesthetic appearance if you do not paint the tree with the right paint. It is best to use acrylic paints for this purpose, since they dry fairly quickly and repel water well. Although, if we are talking about a 2D model, and you have several tubes of oil paints lying around, you can use them too. The advantage of quality compounds is that they are quite durable, so you do not have to repaint the submarine every year.
As for the color of the paint, its choice is strictly individual. If you decide to make a model that will simply show off on a shelf with books, then it will be enough to paint the boat in classic black so that it is as close to its natural appearance as possible. However, if you want to make a model that will float on water, then it is best to paint it in some bright color so that the submarine is in front of you at all times. It will also be very useful to impregnate the structure before painting with hot drying oil to give it durability.
When using acrylic paints, it is necessary to treat the entire surface with them, leaving no areas without paint. After polymerization, such a composition becomes resistant to water, so you can feel free to lower your model into the water. You can not be afraid that the plywood will get wet and swell, especially if you worked well on the corner parts with sandpaper before painting.
Producing Engine Screws
To make a radio-controlled model of a submarine with your own hands, you will need to use high-quality propeller material, since the running characteristics of your submarine will depend on this. As a material, ordinary tin is suitable, attached to the main part with three small washers, in front of which you can additionally put a small glass bead, which will act as a bearing. In this way, you can not only reduce friction, but also greatly facilitate the rotation of the shaft.
If you are making a submarine model for some important competition or simply do not want to bother with making a propeller, then you can purchase a finished engine in a specialized store. However, it is best to do this in advance so that later there are no problems with attaching the purchased element to the finished structure. Such engines differ among themselves not only in power, but also in appearance. But you should not pay attention to the number of screws, since the running characteristics depend mostly on their rotation speed.
Also, the driving performance of the submarine is affected by the angle at which the engine propellers are bent. A model with a well-bent tin will sink into the water in a matter of seconds, and will also develop a maximum speed quite quickly. Therefore, pay special attention to the manufacture of screws. But you should not bend the blades too much (40° will be more than enough). In order to find the optimal propeller location, it is recommended to conduct several test runs and see in which case the boat sinks to depth faster. You can use a stopwatch for this.
Ballast installation
The last step in the manufacture of a radio-controlled model of a submarine with your own hands is the installation of a ballast. If you plan to place the submarine as a decoration item for your home, then this step can be skipped, since the weight is only needed to make the model sink faster under water. It is necessary to install the ballast on a special keel beam, which can be found on the drawing left by us earlier. As for lead, it is best to use it in the form of a plate measuring 12x22 mm, but the thickness should not exceed 1 mm, otherwise the mass of the submarine will be too large for it to stay afloat.
The strip must be bent in the form of a bracket so that an even letter "P" is formed, after which it remains only to fix the ballast on the keel rail, which is located approximately under the submarine's cannon. By moving the weight, you can easily adjust the center of gravity of the submarine, forcing the stern or bow of the submarine to rise to the top. In order not to be mistaken with the location, it is recommended to conduct several test dives, securing the ballast with ordinary tape. Only after a well-chosen position can glue be used to attach the lead to the boat tightly.
Embedding a radio control sensor
If you want a wooden submarine model to be controlled by you from a long distance, then you will need to build in a special radio transmitter that can be removed from any old toy or purchased at a specialized store. The last option is best for those. who is not particularly versed in the electronics device or does not want to delve into the wires. It will be enough just to attach the sensor to the left and right motors, and then test the course of the submarine on the water.
The trajectory of the submarine can be controlled using the intensity of rotation of the right and left engines. As a rule, there are two levers on the radio control panel, each of which is responsible for its own engine. If you slow down the right engine and speed up the left, the submarine will turn right. Therefore, for convenience, you should swap the contacts on the control panel so as not to get confused in the process. If a joystick from an old typewriter was used, then first you have to figure it out a bit in order to adjust the intensity of pressing a certain button under the force of rotation of a certain engine.
Installation of decorative elements
We turn to the decorative stage of making a model of a submarine with our own hands from wood. If you want your submarine to look as realistic as possible, then you will have to attach various small elements to it, which you can make yourself or purchase from a toy store. In the first case, it is best to use ordinary wood as a material, since it is relatively light in weight and can be processed well. However, be extremely careful while working, because the smaller the part, the more difficult it is to make. As for toys, they are usually made of plastic and are more durable than wood. However, buy only those items that really fit your model in appearance and size.
So what can be attached to a submarine to give it a nice look? If you decide to make a model of a nuclear submarine, then you can purchase several stickers that will talk about the radioactive element on board the submarine. Also, several torpedoes can be attached to the submarine on the sides, which indicate the readiness of the submarine for battle. Well, if your model also has a deck for fighters, then you can buy some beautiful toy airplanes and put them on the very top. Of course, all of the above can be made with your own hands. For example, a radiation icon can be easily painted with acrylic paint, and torpedoes can be carved from wood.
It should be noted that the decorative elements attached to the model have a negative impact on its running characteristics, so their use is justified only if the submarine is planned to be placed on a stand in the future and used only as a decorative element for the apartment. However, if you really want to decorate your submarine, which will have to participate in various competitions, then do it wisely. First, do not hang up the ballast until all decorative elements are installed, otherwise it will lead to overload. Secondly, try to make all torpedoes, fighters and other decorative elements removable, as you risk losing them during the dive, even if they are firmly fixed.
Video and conclusion
As you can see, making a model of a submarine with your own hands is not such a difficult task as it seems at first glance. You should be patient and carefully study all possible options for the execution of a particular element, after which it will not be difficult to make your dream come true. If you still have any questions about the progress of work or the information from our article seemed not enough to you, then we strongly recommend that you watch a short video in which the author shows in detail how to make the simplest radio-controlled submarine model from ordinary plastic bottles. For some masters, such an action will seem ridiculous, but this guy has a lot to learn. For example, you can use the same engine system, but on a wooden submarine.
What do you think about what else you can make a model of a radio-controlled submarine with your own hands? Perhaps you have some thoughts about this that you would like to express? Share them with readers. You may even be able to help one of the aspiring inventors build their own submarine based on your idea. Isn't it nice to realize that you helped some stranger who is several thousand kilometers away from you?
We hope our article will help you make a model of a submarine with your own hands. For gluing, it is best to use a good water-repellent glue, since conventional compounds can lose their strength over time. However, if you do not plan to submerge the submarine under water, then everything is much simpler. Let your imagination run wild and don't be afraid to experiment. Of course, it is unlikely that it will be possible to make an ideal sample for the first time, but you should not give up. Over time, you will become a true master of your craft and will make submarines that have no equal.